KR20010074939A - Device for cutting/shortening of cables, pipes etc. - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a device for cutting or breaking cables, wires, pipes, etc. generally, the cutting of negative and / or positive cables in a vehicle is described as a suitable area of use, and the driving force for cutting or breaking operations is caused by external impacts. It is made of explosive material in operation. The apparatus comprises an actuating means for transmitting an electrical shock to the explosive material 2 provided in the combustion chamber I, a cylinder disposed below the combustion chamber, the end facing away from the combustion chamber, holding the cutting or blocking edge 13. The unit comprising a piston (3) mounted and comprising a cylinder with a combustion chamber (I) and a piston (3) surrounds the cable and is fixed by an insulating part (II) comprising a cable holder (9). . Around the cable, as described in one of the embodiments, a cable ejector 6 in contact with the overpressure channel 4 and adjoining the part II of the device via a pretensioned spring 5 Is placed. In the second embodiment disclosed, the part II has a different cross-sectional area or diameter compared to the cable or pipe on both sides of the cutting or blocking plate 11 and the cable 7 on one of the sides. Is keyed in the part (II), but the cable on the other side is free. The release of overpressure which is guided towards the free cable through the overpressure channel 4 alone leads to the discharge of the free cable end.

Description

Cutting / shortening devices such as cables and pipes {DEVICE FOR CUTTING / SHORTENING OF CABLES, PIPES ETC.}

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention The present invention generally relates to an apparatus for automatically cutting or cutting off cables, wires, pipes and the like, wherein the cutting of a negative cable and / or a positive cable of a vehicle is described below as a suitable field of use. .

In the event of an accident such as a collision between vehicles or other impacts, there is always more dangerous secondary damage such as fire or unintended release of the airbag and seat belt pretensioning device. There are risks that further injure the victim of the accident and endanger the rescue team, ambulance crew or others who want to rescue the victim.

For example, a fire occurs when heat is applied to combustion materials, fuels or chemicals in or near a vehicle. Heat can be generated immediately by electric short circuits (sparks / flashes) and sparks, or from heated parts such as engines, exhaust systems (catalyst converters) and the like.

The system for releasing the airbag and seat belt tensioning device is built so that it can be self-released after the power is turned off (some American vehicle models can store power for up to 30 minutes). Unintentional release of the air bag and seat belt tensioning device can be powerful enough to cause serious injuries and even death in any case.

Therefore, it is important to cut negative and / or positive cables as soon as possible after a collision, so this is also a top priority for rescue teams arriving at the accident site. Today, the cutting of such cables is carried out by means of cable cutters, for example. It is a process inevitably taking a predetermined time. Areas near the battery may be damaged by collisions and it may be difficult to access such damaged battery areas to cut the power cables. Therefore, you may lose important minutes during rescue operations. When a cable is automatically cut in connection with a collision, time is gained, and life-saving opportunities in connection with an accident are obtained.

In this application, it is an object of the present invention to provide a device for mounting on said cable in all types of vehicles which automatically cut negative cables and / or positive cables in the event of a collision. This type of cable should be simple to mount in a vehicle and should be relatively inexpensive to produce.

EP 0 638 458 A1 describes a system for shorting the battery or batteries in an electrically powered vehicle in the event of an accident such as a collision. If a collision is detected, a signal is sent to one or more devices placed in the immediate vicinity of the battery or batteries to disconnect the connection. The signal or signals cause an explosive charge in each device to burn or destroy the cable connection. However, how the device for destroying the connection is configured is not described in detail in the document.

US 3,895,552 discloses a device for cutting cables, pipes, bolts and the like, wherein the breaking gas from the breaking charge drives a piston comprising a knife blade towards the part to be cut. However, this document discloses nothing about the use of pressure from the breaking gas to move the cut pieces away from each other, and the structural features for applying the device for use in stringent environments. However, as will be described later, the structural feature is an important feature of the present invention.

In many applications, there is a need for rapid cutting or blocking of passages of power, water, gas and oil, for example through cables, pipes or the like, or the cutting of tension cables for safety installations or other devices. These devices include, for example, devices for land-based industries or offdhore activities or devices for boats and ships, vehicles, leisure and ships, vehicles, recreational devices, etc. .

1 is a cross-sectional view of a first embodiment of a device mounted on a negative cable according to the present invention.

2 shows the device of FIG. 1 after the detonation of the primer and the cutting of the cable.

3 is a cross-sectional view of a second embodiment of a device mounted on a negative cable according to the present invention.

4 shows the device of FIG. 3 after the detonation of the primer and the cutting of the cable.

5 is a cross-sectional view of a third embodiment of the device according to the invention mounted on a negative cable.

FIG. 6 shows the device of FIG. 5 after explosion of the primer and cutting of the cable. FIG.

Thus, on the basis of the above-described example, an apparatus for cutting negative and / or positive cables from a battery of a vehicle is provided, wherein the driving power for the cutting operation is constituted by an explosive material actuated in the event of an impact, Sensor means for transmitting electrical shock to explosive materials (primers) arranged in the combustion chamber, with a cylinder disposed below the combustion chamber, mounted with an insulation and facing away from the combustion chamber at the cutting edge And a holder means for retaining the piston, said unit comprising an combustion chamber and an insulating portion comprising a piston mounted to a cylinder surrounding the cable. As mentioned above, similar devices can be used in other areas to quickly and permanently destroy power, liquid or gas supplies, or to destroy cables, wires and the like.

It is important for the devices of the present invention to withstand the environment in different applications. Water, steam, gas, dust particles and the like can cause functional impairments, such as affecting the primer, corroding the cutting edge, or locking the piston in the cylinder housing. An essential structural feature of the present invention is to encapsulate the portion in a hermetic manner in order to mount the portion which appears susceptible to external environmental impact. This significantly increases the applicability of the device according to the invention, so that it can be placed in other environments, such as in a "nasty" environment.

In connection with the above-mentioned use of the device according to the invention, as part of the safety system, there is an intrinsic feature that the device can be retrofitted at one end of both ends without shorting of cables, pipes or the like. This structural feature is in one embodiment where the part of the device surrounding the cable or pipe is separated and the cable or pipe can be joined together around the cable or pipe by fastening means (not shown) when the part is placed in place. Is provided. This is for example a screw / thread connection between the parts and may be an annular (metal) band with a clamp or the like. In order for the device to function correctly, it is important that the selected fastening means be able to receive the forces generated after the operation of the explosive material.

The invention therefore provides an apparatus as disclosed in the preamble of the attached independent claim 1 and specified by the features disclosed in the features.

Preferred embodiments are disclosed in the appended dependent claims.

The invention is explained in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 and 2 show a primer 1 that receives an electrical stratification from a sensor (not shown) in the event of an impact. This impact ignites the powder charge 2. Materials known in the art such as, for example, "sodium acid" can be used as the powder charge. Optionally, the primer can receive a shock from a sensor arranged in the same system as the sensor system for an air bag or belt tensioning device. The powder charge 2 is immediately ignited to produce combustion gases. This generates a high pressure in the combustion chamber I and presses the piston with the cutting or blocking edge 13 downward through the powder cable 7.

When the piston knife is in the lower position, the overpressure generated inside the cylinder of the combustion chamber (I) and the portion (II) passes downward into the overpressure channel (4), in fact the overpressure is the cut cable (7) and the cable ejector (6) to act to discharge. This prevents new contact between the cable parts. In the method used today, the cut end of the cable has to be installed, which in fact winds around the cut end with insulating tape. In the device according to the invention, the cut part is automatically encapsulated with insulating material and no manual work is required.

Reference numeral 5 denotes a spring for pretensioning, in order to discharge the cable ejector 6 which clamps the cable, which spring discharges the cable together with the cable ejector when the cable ejector is discharged. As mentioned above, "pressing force" due to overpressure plays a role. The cable ejector 6 clamps the cable 7 and allows the cable to be ejected when the cable is cut. The cable ejector remains in place as long as the cable is fixed to the cable holder 9. Inside the table ejector there may in fact be something like a thin o-ring which prevents water and moisture from entering the system.

Reference numeral 8 denotes a rubber stopper, for example, which stops water and moisture from entering the system and is forcibly extracted when the piston is in its lower position.

The cable holder 9 shown clamps around the cable and is screwed into the insulated portion II. Inside the cable holder may be something like an O-ring that extracts water and moisture from the system. In the whole device, the seal is prevented from entering moisture by gaskets, O-rings, stoppers, etc. It may be made of conventional materials such as, for example, suitable silicone materials.

As mentioned above, it may be desirable to release one of the cables, pipes, etc. to prevent this end from contacting the other end again after the detonation of the primer. 3 and 4 show a second embodiment of the invention, which is different from the above-described embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, which does not include a pretensioned spring 5 but with a cable ejector 6. The pressure of the explosive gas against the exposed surface inside of it produces this, and is mainly different in that the cable or pipe 7 clamping around the cable ejector is discharged from the insulating part II.

5 and 6 show a third embodiment according to the invention, in which the cable ejector 6 is not included in the third embodiment, but the discharge function is the diameter of the groove holding the circumference of the cable in the insulator II. Provided by different sides of each of the cutting grooves. Where the diameter is smallest, the device clamps the cable or pipe 7 and the diameter of the other side is larger than the diameter of the cable or pipe. Therefore, one of the cut ends is free after release, and the device forms a fixed, insulated terminal at the other end. When the piston 3 and the cutting or blocking edge 13 are in the lower position, the overpressure generated inside the cylinder of the combustion chamber I and the part II, as in the first embodiment, is reduced to the cut cable 7. Pass the cable downwards to the front of the cable and discharge the cut cable. Portions having the same or identical functions in the three embodiments have the same reference numerals in the accompanying drawings.

In the second and third embodiments of the present invention, the encapsulated encapsulation of the environmentally-vulnerable part secures the insulating part II and the cylinder with a blocked floor or thin film below the cutting or blocking edge 13. The piston 3 and the cutting or blocking edge 13 can be mounted inside the cylinder before the cylinder head I with the primer 1 is mounted on top of the device. When the primer 1 is exploded, the piston presses the cutting or blocking edge 13 through the membrane 12 before hitting the part to be cut or blocked.

The cutting or blocking member below the piston 3 may be in the shape of a plate 11 having a width larger than the diameter of the piston, the recess corresponding to the cylinder wall being in relation to the plate while the plate is moving in the cutting or blocking operation. To form a guiding groove.

The device according to the invention is preferably made of a material which makes the device as light as possible. As an example, part (I) may be made of a light metal such as aluminum. The holder portion of the device labeled II can be made of an insulating material, for example a plastic material. There is another possibility that the whole device may be made of cured plastic.

The device according to the invention is easily mountable at a suitable point, such as existing cables, pipes and the like. The design of the device is relatively simple and therefore can be produced without excessive cost. In addition, the device is very flexible with respect to the choice of impact bombing detonator, which can be operated by manual, automatic, programming and the like.

Claims (10)

Apparatus for cutting or breaking cables, pipes, etc., wherein the driving force for cutting or breaking operations is made of explosive material which is operated by an external impact, and has an insulating part (II) having a cylinder disposed under the combustion chamber (I). In a device which moves a piston (3) mounted on the piston (3), which holds the cutting or blocking edge (13) at an end facing away from the combustion chamber, The unit comprising the combustion chamber (I) and the insulated part (II) comprising the piston (3) mounted to the cylinder includes a cable holder (9) surrounding the cable or pipe (7), the cylinder and the insulated part An overpressure channel (4) is provided between said (II) for transferring the overpressure to said insulating portion (II). 2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that a cable ejector (6) is arranged around the cable (7). The method of claim 1, wherein the insulating portion (II) consists of one or more interconnecting or separating portions, and after moving the cable (7) laterally between the portions without shorting the ends of the cable, A device which can be fixed in a manner that surrounds the cable with the aid of fastening means. 3. The cable connector (6) according to claim 2, wherein the cable connector (6) consists of one or more interconnecting or disconnecting parts, and after moving the cable (7) laterally between the parts without shorting the ends of the cable, Device, characterized in that it can be fixed in a way that surrounds the cable (7) with the aid of fastening means. 3. The cable connector (6) according to claim 2, characterized in that the cable connector (6) is in contact with the overpressure channel (4) and is adjacent to the part (II) of the device via a pretensioned spring (5). Device. The cable ejector (6) firmly surrounds a part of the cable (7), and the part (II) firmly surrounds a second part of the cable, and that of the explosive material In operation the cutting edge 13 mounted to the piston 3 cuts the cable, the spring force in the pretensioned spring 5 and the pressure from the explosive gas through the overpressure channel 4 being By moving the cut cable ends away, the cable ends remain attached to the part (II) and the cable ejector (6) respectively and are not inductively in contact with each other again. The device according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising a cylinder with a piston (3) forming a partition between the cutting edge (13) and the cable or pipe (7) when the primer (1) explodes. And a thin film (12) arranged sealingly. The cutting member according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the cutting member under the piston (3) in the form of a plate (11) has a diameter larger than the piston diameter, and the corresponding recess in the cylinder wall causes the plate to move if the plate is moved during the cutting operation. Apparatus for forming a guide groove for the plate. The piston (3) and the plate (11) below the piston are integral units made of an insulating material, preferably with cutting or blocking edges (13), facing the member to be cut or cut off. And a part (II) together with the plate (11) after release, forming an insulating fixing terminal of the object. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the insulating portion (II) has a different cross-sectional area or diameter compared to the cable or pipe on both sides of the cutting or blocking plate (11), and the cable (on one side of the side) 7) is keyed to the part (II), but the cable on the other side is free.