KR20010069844A - oil separator - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: An oil-water separator is provided, which can be easily installed in a small construction area, even on a small ship and remove oil by separating oil even by pumping water together with oil regardless of mixed state or mixed degree. CONSTITUTION: The system comprises the followings: (i) a cylindrical separation tank (10) which has a water inlet (11) at one side, an oil discharge line (12) that is extended from the top level of the mixture and is set above the inlet (11), a vent (13) at the top and a water discharge line (14) at the bottom; (ii) a skimmer (20) that floats on the surface of the top level and is connected to the oil discharge line (12); (iii) an air bubble generating device (30) that is installed above the water discharge line (14) for generating air bubble; (iv) a separation filter (40) which consists of a low density filter (45) and a high density filter (44) and is installed between the water inlet (11) and an outlet (14a) for filtering oil and for passing water and air bubble; and (v) a water level control tank (50).

Description

Oil separator

The present invention relates to an oil / water separator in which raw water in which oil and water are mixed is completely separated into oil and water regardless of the mixed state or degree of mixing thereof, oil is recovered, and water is discharged.

In general, oil is not soluble in water, and due to specific gravity difference, it seems to be easily separated, but there is no proper way to completely separate it. The reason for this is that when oil is mixed with high-speed water, oil of various sizes ranging from a few microns to several millimeters in addition to spreading on the surface of the water is not easily floated in water, so inevitably one separation method Perfect separation was not possible. And, in the case of oil and water mixed, in most cases it is to be mixed with a very large amount of water and to process a large amount of raw water, and also inevitably use a pump when transferring the raw water to the separator, There is a difficulty in creating a large amount of floating remains.

For reference, a method of separating oil and water from raw water mixed with water includes specific gravity separation method, filter separation method, electrocoagulation method, and aeration separation method.

First, the specific gravity separation method is a method in which water and oil are not mixed and oil is lighter than water. The raw water is placed in a separation tank or slowly flows along several induction plates. It is a method of capturing oil on the water surface with an oil skimmer, and is widely used to separate oil mixed in factory wastewater.

However, the maximum difficulty of the specific gravity separation method is that the specific gravity of water is 1 (g / cc), whereas the specific gravity of oil is about 0.8 (g / cc) on average, so there is no big difference. It does not come up easily, and the enemy must be placed in a very large sedimentation tank or flow very slowly. As a result, a large-scale device (facility) is required, and the use of a pump must be restrained in the inflow of raw water to the separation tank. In addition, it is difficult to separate fine oil particles having a size of several microns by the specific gravity separation method. On the other hand, since oil is separated for a long time to be separated, oil that is separated is deteriorated in the meantime and costs a considerable amount for regeneration.

In addition, the filter separation method includes a coalescer filter method and a hollow fiber filter method, which coarse and float on the water surface when fine oil particles suspended in the raw water pass through the filter. It is used to separate the oil from the wash water. Hollow fiber filter method is a method of wrapping special fiber with space in the center and filtering oil to pass water only. If oil gets on the hollow fiber, the filter function is lost. Therefore, mainly the removal of emulsified oil particles Is being written on.

However, the biggest difficulty of the filter separation method is that the separation of fine particles of several microns is required, so that if the amount of raw water introduced or the oil mixture is high, it is difficult to directly process it, and therefore, it is necessary to perform specific gravity separation first. If the filter is slow and oil gets into the filter, the filter function will be lost, and the filter will need to be cleaned regularly or combined with specific gravity separation.

In addition, the electroaggregation method is a method of electrically neutralizing negative charges of emulsified oil particles and flocculating flotation, which is effective only for emulsified oil particles. The method has similar difficulties as the filter separation method.

In addition, the aeration method is a method of attaching fine oil particles to the bubbles to float by aeration of bubbles at the bottom of the aeration tank.

The aeration method may be theoretically possible, but the applicant has additionally experimented, and in order to completely remove the fine oil particles, the fine bubbles must be supplied in large quantities, and even if the fine bubbles are flowing in the raw water (oil particles) It does not come up easily (if not as much), so it requires some sort of separation tank and separation time. However, specific gravity separation is not effective for the removal of fine oil particles, while aeration can be effective. The aeration method properly separates large particles from oil particles to fine particles, but it has not been realized as a device because it does not have as much improvement as expected in terms of device size and separation time compared to the specific gravity separation method.

As such, current separation methods need to limit the amount of incoming water to the processing capacity or to increase the apparatus accordingly, and to process the oil mixed with water and water in various sizes in one process. There is a problem that the two to three steps must be processed rather than the solution is desired.

The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, it is possible to naturally separate the oil and water in the flowing state without storing the raw water mixed with water and oil, as well as the filter of the appropriate density according to the condition of the raw water The purpose of the present invention is to provide an oil-water separator that can increase the oil-water separation efficiency.

1 is a block diagram of an oil / water separator according to the present invention

Figure 2a is a detailed configuration diagram of the separation filter according to the present invention

Figure 2b is a pipe configuration of the separation filter according to the present invention

3 is a view showing a test sphere for determining the density of the separation filter according to the present invention.

(Explanation of symbols for the main parts of the drawing)

10: separation tank 11: raw water inlet

12: oil outlet 13: exhaust port

14: drainage channel 15: raw water induction dam

20: skimmer 30: bubble generation means

31: bubble tube 32: air injector

40: separation filter 41: bubble collection tube

42: connector 43: bubble discharge pipe

44: high density filter 45: low density filter

50: water level adjustment tank 51: drain

60: raw water inlet pipe 61: foreign matter filtration filter

70: test apparatus 71: large glass tube

72: small glass tube 73, 74: wire mesh

75: filter material 76: test container

Oil and water separator of the present invention for achieving the above object,

Raw water inlet for mixing raw water and oil in the upper part, an oil outlet for discharging the oil layer floating on the water surface, and an exhaust port for exhausting internal air are formed on the lower part, and the oil separated water is discharged to the outside. A cylindrical separation tank in which a drain flow path for discharge is formed; A skimmer installed on the surface of the separation tank while being connected to the oil discharge port to induce and discharge the oil layer collected on the surface of the separation tank to the oil discharge port; A bubble generating means installed above the drain flow path in the separation tank to generate bubbles; A separation filter installed between the raw water inlet and the bubble generating means to collect oil and pass water and bubbles; It is connected to the outlet of the drainage passage, characterized in that the drain is composed of a water level adjustment tank located above the separation filter.

In addition, the separation filter is a plurality of bubble collecting pipe for collecting the bubbles rising from the bottom of the separation tank is formed in the pipe shape of the lower opening; A plurality of bubble discharge pipes which are installed at a lower portion of the bubble collection pipe so as to deviate from the bubble collection pipe and connected to the bubble collection pipe so as to discharge bubbles derived from the bubble collection pipe; A high density filter having a zigzag shape by installing the bubble collecting pipe and the bubble discharge pipe so that the outer periphery is continuously connected; It is characterized by consisting of a low density filter filled in the upper space portion partitioned by the high density filter.

In addition, a raw water induction dam is installed obliquely between the raw water inlet and the separation filter so that the raw water discharged from the raw water inlet does not directly contact the separation filter but bypasses the separation filter.

In addition, the raw water inlet is connected to the raw water inlet pipe from the outside of the separation tank, the inside of the raw water inlet pipe is characterized in that it further comprises a foreign matter filtration filter for filtering the solid foreign matter contained in the raw water.

In addition, the bubble generating means is a porous bubble tube installed in the lower portion of the separation tank; It is characterized by consisting of an air injector, such as a blower is installed in the outer exposed portion of the bubble tube for forced injection of air into the bubble tube.

In addition, the bubble generating means is characterized in that the ejector.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 is a block diagram of an oil / water separator according to the present invention.

According to the drawings, the oil-water separator of the present invention is a raw water inlet 11 in a state in which water and oil are mixed, an oil outlet 12 through which an oil layer floating on the water is discharged, and an exhaust port 13 through which internal air is exhausted. And a tubular separation tank 10 formed with a drain passage 14 for discharging water separated from oil to the outside at a lower portion thereof; Skimmer which is installed on the surface of the separation tank 10 and connected to the oil outlet 12 to guide the oil layer collected on the surface of the separation tank 10 to the oil outlet 12. 20; Bubble generating means (30) installed above the drain passage (14) in the separation tank (10) to generate bubbles; A separation filter 40 installed between the raw water inlet 11 and the bubble generating means 30 to collect oil and pass water and bubbles; It is connected to the outlet (14a) of the drain passage 14, it is composed of a large water level adjusting tank 50, the drain port 51 is located above the separation filter (40).

In addition, the raw water inlet 11 is installed to connect the raw water inlet pipe 60 from the outside of the separation tank 10, the inside of the raw water inlet pipe 60 for filtering the solid foreign matter contained in the raw water The foreign matter filtration filter 61 is installed. This foreign matter filtration filter 61 serves to filter a relatively large solid foreign matter before the raw water is introduced into the separation tank (10).

In addition, the skimmer 20 is elevated according to the water level, so that the suspended oil can be recovered regardless of the water level. This eliminates the need for a flow adjustment tank (not shown) that was previously installed in front of the separation tank 10.

In addition, the separation filter 40 is a plurality of bubble collecting pipes (41) for collecting bubbles rising from the bottom of the separation tank 10 in the shape of a lower opening pipe as shown in Figure 2a to 2b; A plurality of bubbles of the upper open type to be installed in a lower portion of the bubble collecting tube 41 and to be discharged from the bubble collecting tube and connected to the bubble collecting tube to discharge the bubbles introduced through the connecting pipe 42 from the bubble collecting tube. A discharge pipe 43; A high density filter 44 having a zigzag shape having a zigzag shape by being continuously connected to the outer circumferences of the bubble collecting pipe 41 and the bubble discharge pipe 43; The low density filter 45 filled in the upper space part partitioned by the said high density filter 44 is comprised.

At this time, since the bubble collecting tube 41 and the bubble discharge tube 43 do not pass bubbles in the state where the high density filter 44 is absorbed, air bubbles accumulated in the lower part of the high density filter 44 are collected in the bubble collecting tube ( 41) is installed for the purpose of sending to the bubble discharge pipe (43).

In addition, the double filter structure of the high density filter 44 and the low density filter 45 is a configuration required when fine oil particles of several microns to several tens of microns are suspended in the raw water. When larger than this, the low density filter 45 is enough.

In addition, as the material of the high density filter 44 and the low density filter 45, metal fiber is most suitable, and carbon fiber or nylon (foamed) nonwoven fabric may be used. The filter density, that is, the size of the porous structure may be a kind of oil. Since it is necessary to change according to (viscosity), it is determined using the test apparatus 70 as shown in FIG. The method of determining this is as follows.

As shown in Fig. 3, the wire meshes 73 and 74 are fixed to the bottom of the large glass tube 71 and the bottom of the small glass tube 72 inserted in close contact with the inner diameter of the large glass tube 71. Put the filter material 75 on the wire mesh (73) of (71), insert a small glass tube 72, bury the target oil in the filter material 75, and immersion in the test vessel 76 containing water buoyancy Due to the remnant floats on the surface of the water, in which the small glass tube 72 is pressed slowly, the pore structure of the filter material becomes smaller and the buoyancy and the holding force of the filter are balanced. The remains will not fall off the filter. In this case, the density of the filter can be obtained from the material thickness, weight, and glass tube inner diameter. The density obtained by the above method is used as the density of the high density filter 44, and 30-40% of the same value is determined as the density of the low density filter 45.

Further, between the raw water inlet 11 and the separation filter 40, a raw water induction dam 15 is formed in a transverse direction obliquely in the plate shape so that the raw water flowing from the raw water inlet 11 is directly connected to the separation filter 40. By contacting by bypass and not in contact with water, it is possible to prevent premature damage of the separation filter 40 by hydraulic pressure, while floating air bubbles are directed to one side along the guide plate, thereby preventing the surface skimmer. It was not to be shaken.

And, the bubble generating means 30 is a porous bubble tube 31 installed in the lower portion of the separation tank 10; It is composed of an air injector 32, such as a blower installed in the outer exposed portion of the bubble tube 31 for forcibly injecting air into the bubble tube (31).

In another embodiment, an ejector may be used as the bubble generating means 30.

The principle of oil and water separation in which the above apparatus is realized is as follows.

As is well known, molecules do not have individual molecules alone in the liquid state, but several molecules move in one mass. This is because the surface of the molecule is electrically neutral in theory, but in reality the charge is ubiquitous and acts as a force to pull each other between molecules. Also, it is well known that molecules or such masses have a property to settle in them when they meet a porous structure suitable for their size. In the case of oil, molecular masses trapped in the porous structure are different from other molecular masses because of its viscosity. To combine, the present invention takes advantage of such oil properties.

That is, in the apparatus of the present invention flows down from the raw water introduced into the separation tank 10 through the raw water inlet pipe 60 and the raw water inlet 11, the oil particles in the raw water is raised from the bubble generating means 30 It is pushed by the air bubbles to contact the relatively small porous structure of the separation filter 40 is captured there. This is because the bubbles try to pass through as large pore as possible even in a filter pore structure consisting of very small pores of several microns or less and a few hundred microns of large pores. The oil particles captured in the pore are combined with each other when they meet other oil particles, and become larger and larger, and when the size increases, the oil particles are cut off while leaving a portion due to the air bubbles, and then moved to the upper part of the separation filter 40. Falling off and floated to the water surface of the separation tank 10 together with air bubbles to be surely separated, while the roots (oil particles) remaining in the porous structure of the separation filter 40 become nuclei again and combine with other oil particles. To repeat.

In addition, the remnants of a certain size or more meet the air bubbles in the upper part of the separation filter 40 so as not to be burdened with the separation filter 40 because the buried in the air bubbles, the water is pushed up the oil buried in the air bubbles or porous structure As it goes down, the enemy's congestion does not occur.

Above all, the flow of raw water is from top to bottom, so there is no need for extra space to raise bubbles or remains.

In this method, when the thickness of the low density filter 45 is thick, very fine oil particles are sufficiently aggregated. However, since there are wasteful aspects in terms of the size and efficiency of the device, it is efficient to minimize the thickness of the low density filter 45, and instead, complement the high density filter 44 with a higher density under the low density filter 45.

The high density filter 44 is poorly water-permeable, but if the surface area is increased, the overall flow rate is maintained, and the flow rate is considerably slowed down as the water-permeability decreases, so that oil particles of several microns can be reliably captured. However, if the raw water inflow is greater than the design upper limit and the water level of the separation tank 10 is increased, the flow rate is increased by that much. Easily picked up by the bubbles to be raised again buried in the high-density filter 44, even in this case there is no fear that the oil is mixed in the drain.

As such, the concept of specific gravity separation, filter separation, and aeration in the present invention has a considerable difference from the conventional concept.

That is, in the separation tank 10 of the present invention, the function of preventing the remnants that are separated from the separation filter 40 together with the bubbles from flowing back into the separation filter 40 and the raw water passes through the separation filter 40 at a predetermined pressure or more. To maintain the water pressure, and to adjust the flow rate to respond to changes in the raw water inflow.

The separation filter 40 looks similar to the core filter, but since the porous structure of the core filter should function only as a resistance to flow without capturing oil, the porous structure is made to have a relatively high density so as to be that much. If oil is trapped in the porous structure, water flow will be reduced, so regular cleaning is necessary. On the other hand, the separation filter 40 of the present invention is a large pore of several hundred microns from a micropore of several microns or less (as much water permeability), while the oil particles pass through the large pore only to leave the separation filter 40 It is used to aeration bubbles inside the separation filter so as to prevent them from happening and to use them as resistance to oil particles.In addition, unlike the coalescer filter, the oil particles are trapped in the fine pores and the captured oil particles become nuclei to aggregate other oil particles. It is not necessary to clean the filter regularly.

Aeration is also a conventional purpose of aeration of fine oil particles, but in the present invention is to supply bubbles to the entire system, even within the aeration tank to capture a relatively large remains from the high density filter 44, to the high density filter 44 It is different in carrying it again.

In addition, the separation filter 40 is an oil (mechanical oil, boiler oil, fresh oil, etc.) having a medium viscosity as a separation target, ^W 196 × ^L 328 × ^H 245mm size test results, 3.2m per hour The treatment performance was ³ , and the emulsified oil was clearly separated. Therefore, a device of 2 × 2 × 2m size can handle more than 30 tons of inflow per hour, which is significantly smaller than the processing capacity, and also reduces the processing time as it is separated and processed in one process. That means you can.

First, in small and medium-sized factories, factory wastewater has been discharged without oil removal treatment due to facility site area or cost problems, but the apparatus of the present invention can significantly reduce the installation area or cost, thereby promoting oil spill prevention.

Second, in the water quality management regulation, the outflow of oil is also being tightened, and the device of the present invention can be simply installed in an existing wastewater treatment facility.

Third, the reason why it was difficult to remove oil spilled into the sea or rivers is that when pumping for the removal work, a large amount of fine oil particles are generated during the pumping process, which cannot be effectively treated. There was. However, the device of the present invention can be mounted on a small ship, and can be separated and processed even if the oil is pumped with water, so that not only efficient oil removal can be carried out, but also the spilled oil can be recovered as it is, resulting in a great economic effect. .

Claims (6)

A raw water inlet 11 into which the raw water in a mixed state of water and oil is introduced, an oil outlet 12 through which an oil layer suspended on the water is discharged, and an exhaust port 13 through which internal air is exhausted, respectively, A tubular separation tank 10 having a drainage passage 14 formed at a lower portion thereof to discharge water from which oil is separated; Skimmer 20 which is installed on the surface of the separation tank 10 and is connected to the oil outlet 12 so that the oil layer collected on the surface of the separation tank 10 is induced and discharged to the oil outlet. ; Bubble generating means (30) is provided above the drain passage 14 in the separation tank 10 to generate bubbles; A separation filter 40 installed between the raw water inlet 11 and the bubble generating means 30 to collect oil and allow water and bubbles to pass therethrough; It is connected to the outlet (14a) of the drain flow passage (14), the oil and water separator characterized in that it comprises a water level adjusting tank (50) having a drain hole (51) located above the separation filter (40). According to claim 1, The separation filter 40 has a plurality of bubble collecting pipes (41) collecting a bubble rising from the lower portion of the separation tank 10 in the shape of a lower opening pipe; A plurality of bubble discharge pipes 43 which are installed at a lower portion of the bubble collecting pipe 41 and are connected to the bubble collecting pipe and discharged to the air bubbles derived from the bubble collecting pipe and are discharged from the bubble collecting pipe 43; A high density filter 44 having a zigzag shape by installing the bubble collecting pipe 41 and the bubble discharge pipe 43 so that the outer periphery is continuously connected; Oil-water separator, characterized in that consisting of a low density filter (45) filled in the upper space portion partitioned by the high density filter (44). According to claim 1, By installing the raw water induction dam 15 diagonally between the raw water inlet 11 and the separation filter 40, the raw water discharged from the raw water inlet 11 is not directly contacted with the separation filter 40. Oil-water separator, characterized in that the contact. According to claim 1, The raw water inlet 11 is connected to the raw water inlet pipe from the outside of the separation tank 10, the inside of the raw water inlet pipe 60 is a foreign material filtration filter 61 for filtering the solid foreign matter contained in the raw water Oil-water separator further comprises being installed. According to claim 1, The bubble generating means 30 is a porous bubble tube 31 installed in the lower portion of the separation tank (10); Oil-water separator, characterized in that it is installed in the outer exposed portion of the bubble pipe 31 is composed of an air injector 32 such as a blower for forcibly injecting air into the bubble pipe. According to claim 1, The bubble generating means 30 is oil-water separator, characterized in that the ejector.