KR20010058814A - Transparent plastic plate made of acrylglass, the process for its production and its use - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: Provided is a transparent plastic plate to prevent fiber split at -20 to 120 deg.C and to combine fiber chips generated at fracturing the plate, thus not to produce thin pieces or scraps by at least partially sizing with any sizing agent. CONSTITUTION: The plastic plate is prepared by at least partially applying the sizing agent to size the plastic plate. More particularly, the plate comprises plastic fibers filled into the plate as completely or partially coated by the sizing agent, preferably at an interval of 0.5 to 1.5m and in a length of 2 to 10cm. The plastic plate includes residual part of the sizing agent containing dissolved phenol formaldehyde resin. Each of the fibers is a single-strand made of polyamide and/or polypropylene thread. The method for preparing the plastic plate comprises applying the plastic fibers with the sizing agent before filling the fibers into the transparent plastic plate made of acrylic glass.

Description

Transparent plastic plate made of acrylglass, the process for its production and its use}

The present invention relates to a transparent plastic plate of acrylic glass having internally disposed plastic fibers which generally detains debris that occurs in the event of rupture, a method of making the same and the use of the plastic plate as described above. In particular, the present invention relates to a transparent plastic plate which, in the event of rupture of the plastic plate, produces virtually no flakes or releasing debris, this kind of plastic plate being suitable for soundproof walls.

Soundproof walls with transparent plastic plates are known, for example, from EP 0 407 852. Plastic plates, such as those published there, perform their own challenges in preventing the occurrence and fall of debris in a unique way. In the plastic sheet described in the above-mentioned European patent, additional strings (strips), decorations or paintings can be embedded which serve to protect birds (by recognizing the presence of objects).

European Patent No. 0 531 982 also introduces a transparent plastic plate with a plastic fiber inside which holds the debris that occurs in the event of a break, in which the plates can serve as bird protection in a special aesthetic manner. It has embedded fibers (threads).

While soundproofing elements according to the prior art can do a good job of preventing their release, ie the release of flakes or debris in the event of car shocks, collisions, etc., in the process of actually using such plates, the seals are placed inside. It has been found that the remarkably uniform optical impression of the transparent plastic sheet itself can sometimes be disturbed by flashing or stray light. This may be due at least in part to the embedded plastic yarn being peeled from the PMMA matrix of the acrylic glass plate. Fibrous or local fibrous segregation seriously threatens the safety of the debris upon fracture of the sound barrier and, inevitably, the total reflection of light in the PMMA capillary in the isolated part, causing a flash or stray light It can have a negative impact on your impression.

We can only speculate on the causes of the occasional fiber separation. In the relevant temperature range of -20 to 120 ° C. one would consider different coefficients of linear expansion of the plastic material which is the fiber and the matrix material which is the acrylic glass plate. In the case of polyamides, the dependence of the linear expansion coefficient of the fiber material on temperature is clearly greater than on the temperature of PMMA. This means that one material will shrink at the relevant temperature while the other will expand. This behavior of materials can, under certain circumstances, assist the embedded fiber to separate from the matrix.

In view of the state of the art discussed above, the present invention provides clear plastics of acrylic glass with internally placed plastic fibers, which have an excellent uniform optical (visual) impression upon long-term use under normal conditions, such as when used as a sound barrier. It aims at providing a material.

It is also an object of the present invention to provide such plates in which the optical impression is not disturbed by flashing or dim light even after long periods of use and after many temperature change cycles.

The object of the present invention is that, while the optical impression is not affected, at the same time does not have the good positive physical properties of the known plate, that is, in particular, excessive adhesion to the surrounding acrylic glass, thereby ensuring a guarantee in case of breakage of the acrylic glass. As it is, the fibers are expandable and therefore provide a corresponding window or plate, which is not cut so that the debris can remain agglomerated.

In the manufacturing method, the present invention provides a matrix adhesion of the embedded fiber which ensures the safety of the debris that may occur during the breakage of a window which may be undesirably caused under normal stress, such as unfavorable fiber separation in durable use as a soundproof wall. It is an object of the present invention to find a simple and advantageously feasible method (process) that allows the manufacture of transparent acrylic glass plastic windows (plates) with internally embedded plastic fibers, allowing the size to be achieved.

Finally, a description of the use of the transparent plastic sheet of acrylic glass according to the invention is also an object of the invention.

The object and object of the present invention, which has been shown and which will no longer be mentioned in detail and which arises directly from the introduction, is solved by a transparent plastic sheet of the kind mentioned at the outset with the features of the features of claim 1.

Preferred embodiments are the subject of product dependent claims that refer to independent claim 1.

Method The subject matter of claim 7 relates to the solution of the problem based on the present invention. Preferred variants in this method are the subject of the dependent claims of claim 7.

Finally, claim 13 relates to the use of the plastic sheet according to the invention.

In the case of a transparent plastic plate with plastic fibers arranged therein that almost hold the debris arising in the event of breakage, the plastic fibers are at least partially coated with an adhesive (sizing), surprisingly and immediately in an unpredictable manner. In addition, it can be achieved to prevent undesired flashing or faint shine without adversely affecting the debris agglomeration function of embedded fibers. Thus, the present invention makes it possible for the first time to provide an aesthetically pleasing and optically perfect solution for the soundproof plate of acrylic glass, which exhibits no adverse optical properties even during long-term use and during normal day and night temperature changes.

The transparent plastic sheet of acrylic glass according to the present invention is known per se to the skilled person. Typical plate thickness is 4 mm to 40 mm, preferably 12 mm to 25 mm. Plates are usually produced in sizes of 1.5 m × 1 m to 2 m × 3 m, and larger or smaller embodiments are possible for special applications.

The plate is usually largely transparent (transparent), preferably colorless or slightly coloured, eg smoke brown. Colorless, glassy clear and permeable plastic plates usually have a transmittance of at least 70%, preferably between 90 and 95%. The shaded embodiment usually has a transmittance of 45 to 75%, preferably 50 to 60%.

Embedded fibers of plastic usually consist of a polymer matrix of acrylic glass sheets and incompatible plastics, preferably polyamide fibers or polypropylene fibers. Preferably it is a short strand fiber, ie monofilament. Since the window is usually clamped laterally (fixed), it is in the plastic window, allowing the fibers to extend horizontally, which makes the maintenance of gathering particularly advantageous in case of fracture. Usually the fibers are displaced in parallel to each other. If desired or desired, two layers of fibers can be introduced into the window, at which time they preferably extend in two directions, with an angle of 90 [deg.] Between the fibers of the other layers being particularly advantageous. Such an embodiment looks like a lattice structure when viewed from the outside.

Of course, one of the embedded fibers may also embed the fibers in a shape that deviates outward at most 1 mm or more from an imaginary straight line connecting at least the fiber ends. When so much sagging (suspending) plastic fibers in an acrylic glass matrix, as is known from the specification to those skilled in the art, under certain circumstances the behavior of the plate suitable as a sound barrier is determined by the relevant tests. It becomes

The plate according to the invention is characterized in that the embedded plastic fibers are at least partially coated with glue. This means that all the plastic fibers may be fully applied or only some of the plastic fibers embedded in the plates may be applied, in fact only partially applied.

In a particularly preferred embodiment, the plastic sheet according to the invention is characterized in that the internal embedded fibers of plastic are completely coated.

Alternatively, it may also serve the purpose to allow the internally placed fibers to be partially delaminated. In other words, the fibers are coated by a constant length of about 2 to 10 cm at regular intervals, particularly preferably at intervals of 1 m, which may be 0.5 to 1.5 m. With this so-called AB system of partially-applied fibers, it is possible to change the embedded fibers so that the matrix adhesion to the surrounding acrylic glass matrix is optimized and thus harmonize with all conceivable requirements. Thus, by the AB system of the partially coated yarn, the major part of the yarn, i.e. most of the length of the yarn, remains loosely in the PMMA matrix, whereby in particular the functioning function is assured, and at the same time the above-described preliminary action is applied. Fixation of the yarn can be optimally achieved. Thus, peeling of the yarn due to normal day and night temperature fluctuations can be excluded.

At least a part of the surface coated with the coating agent has a residue of the coating agent. In this case, in principle, all pools with the corresponding subject matter known to those skilled in the art may be considered. In a particularly advantageous embodiment, the plastic sheet according to the present invention is characterized by having a residue of a foil containing a formaldehyde resin in which yarns are dissolved. Within the scope of the present invention, it has been found that such dissolved formaldehyde resins allow a particularly advantageous concentration range for aerosol application and at the same time confer various variability in controlling the adhesion of the geocoated yarn to the matrix.

Also included in the present invention is a method of making a plastic sheet of transparent acrylic glass with internally placed yarns made of plastic that keeps fragments arising in the event of breakage. In this method, plastic yarns are embedded in acrylic glass and the method Its special feature is to give the company an advantage before landfilling.

Separation of yarns from the matrix, which can cause glazing of the yarns and dim light, can be avoided by the emollient application treatment. As auxiliaries, as already mentioned, all formulations being implemented in the art for this purpose can be considered. Particularly preferred examples include a binder containing a dissolved formaldehyde resin.

In a particularly advantageous variant of the process according to the invention, the yarn is treated with a hose having approximately the following composition before being embedded in the acrylic glass matrix.

Phenolic ≤ 10%

Formaldehyde ≤ 2%

Methanol ≤ 2%

Ethanol ≤ 30%

The phenolformaldehyde mixture is acid catalytically reacted with paratoluene sulfonic acid and then contacted in a suitable manner with the yarn to be applied as a suspension.

In this case, as already mentioned, the yarns can be contacted completely or in correspondence with the entire length, or locally. After treating the yarns with a gel, the yarns are dried and then embedded in an acrylic glass matrix in a conventional manner.

The adhesion to the matrix of the coated yarn can be influenced in several ways. One thing is to change the type of appeal. Another method is to change the adhesion to the matrix by controlling the concentration of the inhibitor component in the suspension during treatment. Finally, the yarn to be buried is brought into contact with the glue either entirely or locally along its length. In addition, it is also possible to embed fully covered yarns, or partially, ie locally coated, yarns in the same plastic plate together with the unapplied yarns.

With regard to the particularly advantageous phenolformaldehyde appeal, it has been found that certain concentration ranges are particularly advantageous in the treatment process. Too high a concentration of the agent component causes excessive increase in the matrix adhesion of the yarn, so that release fragments may occur in the tear test of the transparent plastic plate with the embedded plastic yarn according to the present invention. At break of the acrylic plate, the adhesion is so great that elongation is no longer possible, and the polyamide may tear. In order to avoid this problem with matrix component concentrations (matrix adhesion) and still ensure the benefits of in-board fixation of plastics, for example, the AB system already mentioned above may be used. In a particularly advantageous variant of the process of the invention, the plastic yarn is treated by a length of 2 to 10 cm at intervals of 0.5 to 1.5 m before it is embedded in the matrix, so that after the pretreated yarn is embedded, the main part of the yarn is PMMA While relaxed in the matrix, functional action, ie fixation of yarns, is allowed to be achieved invariably.

It is also desirable to adjust the concentration of the constituent components so that the matrix adhesion is such that the fragments generated during crushing of the yarn are generally gathered and the delamination of the yarn does not occur at a temperature stress in the range of -20 to 120 ° C.

Finally, the use of the above plates for soundproof walls also belongs to the present invention.

The invention is explained in detail in accordance with the following examples:

Example 1:

Use the following ingredients.

Solution 1:

Composition:

Phenolic ≤ 10%

Formaldehyde ≤ 2%

Methanol ≤ 2%

Ethanol ≤ 30%

4.940 g of ethanol and 60 g of ^R Araldit K6 (tradename of Ciba-Geigy) for the suspension with.

Solution 2:

4.991 g ethanol and 9 g paratoluenesulfonic acid (PTSS).

The two solutions are mixed just before use and the single fiber polyamide yarn is drawn through the mixture and then introduced into the drying zone. The dried yarn is then used for the production of acrylic glass plates by the chamber process.

In the fracture test of the plate thus prepared, it was confirmed that free debris was formed at a high ^R Araldit concentration of 0.6% or more (for solutions 1 and 2 combined). When using ^R Araldit with a concentration ≦ 0.4%, perfect yarn adhesion could not be achieved.

In addition, no stray light or flash, ie no yarn separation, occurred in many day and night cycles in the temperature range of -20 to 120 ° C. The visual impression of the plates was exceptionally uniform and time constant.

Example 2:

Proceed as in Example 1 except that yarns 80 cm each were impregnated into one 5 cm length. At this time, the concentration of the inhibitor component was also 0.6%. This variant was advantageous because there was no fear of overuse of the agent and the firmness of the yarn could be ensured in the PMMA matrix and the yarn's mobility existed before or after, so no free fragments also occurred in the burst test. to be.

Example 3:

As in Example 2, the coated portions of polyamide yarn were only at the edges of the acrylic glass plates. This has the advantage that in the case of possible rupture the fixing part of the polyamide yarn is not impacted so that the action of the acrylic glass plate can be further improved.

According to the present invention, since the separation of yarns does not occur at a temperature stress of -20 to 120 ° C., which generally keeps the fragments generated in case of breakage, it is possible to provide a plastic sheet of acrylic glass which does not cause glare or stray light. have. It also provides a simple and advantageous method of manufacturing such plates.

Claims (13)

A transparent plastic sheet of acrylic glass with plastic yarns disposed therein, which generally holds the debris generated in case of fracture, characterized in that the plastic yarns are at least partially coated with a foil. Transparent plastic plate made. The transparent plastic plate according to claim 1, wherein the plastic yarns embedded in the interior are completely coated with a foam. The transparent plastic plate according to claim 1, wherein the plastic yarns disposed therein are applied locally with a foam. 4. A transparent plastic plate according to claim 3, wherein the yarns are applied as a glue at a length of about 2 to 10 cm at intervals of about 0.5 to 1.5 m. The transparent plastic sheet according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the yarns have a residue of a lubricating agent containing a dissolved phenol formaldehyde resin. The transparent plastic sheet according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the yarns are single stranded signs of polyamide and / or polypropylene. The plastic yarns are embedded in acrylic glass, and in the method of manufacturing a transparent plastic sheet of acrylic glass in which plastic yarns which are generally disposed to hold and hold fragments generated in case of breakage, The manufacturing method of the transparent plastic board characterized by apply | coating with foam before embedding. 8. The method according to claim 7, wherein the yarns are treated with an agent containing a dissolved phenolformaldehyde resin. 9. A method according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the yarns are applied with an adhesive along their entire length. The method of claim 7 or 8, wherein the yarns are applied locally along their length. 11. The method of claim 10, wherein the yarns are applied as an adhesive by a length of about 2 to 10 cm at intervals of about 0.5 to 1.5 m. 12. The method according to any one of claims 7 to 11, wherein the size of the matrix adhesion of the yarns is such that the fragments generated in the case of breakage can be held together without breaking of the yarns at a temperature stress of -20 to 120 ° C. A method characterized by controlling the concentration of the inhibitor component. Use of the plastic sheet according to any one of claims 1 to 6 or of the plastic sheet obtainable according to any one of claims 7 to 12 on the sound insulation wall.