KR20010057296A - Shape and process for manufacturing ceramic grafting pin - Google Patents

Shape and process for manufacturing ceramic grafting pin Download PDF

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Publication number
KR20010057296A
KR20010057296A KR1019990059707A KR19990059707A KR20010057296A KR 20010057296 A KR20010057296 A KR 20010057296A KR 1019990059707 A KR1019990059707 A KR 1019990059707A KR 19990059707 A KR19990059707 A KR 19990059707A KR 20010057296 A KR20010057296 A KR 20010057296A
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grafting
pin
shape
injection molding
binder
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KR1019990059707A
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Korean (ko)
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정우현
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정우현
(주)세라코
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/0001—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor characterised by the choice of material
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
    • A01G2/30—Grafting
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/02—Elements
    • C08K3/08—Metals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
    • C08K5/01—Hydrocarbons
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
    • C08L23/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
    • C08L23/06—Polyethene
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
    • C08L23/10—Homopolymers or copolymers of propene
    • C08L23/12—Polypropene
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2023/00—Use of polyalkenes or derivatives thereof as moulding material
    • B29K2023/04—Polymers of ethylene
    • B29K2023/06—PE, i.e. polyethylene
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2023/00—Use of polyalkenes or derivatives thereof as moulding material
    • B29K2023/10—Polymers of propylene
    • B29K2023/12—PP, i.e. polypropylene
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/02—Elements
    • C08K3/08—Metals
    • C08K2003/0812—Aluminium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
    • C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
    • C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
    • C08K2003/2227—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals of aluminium

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Products (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE: Provided is a production process of a ceramic pin for grafting which uses ceramics harmless to vegetation so that it reduces the destruction of vegetation tissue after grafting. CONSTITUTION: The production process of the ceramic pin for grafting is characterized by the steps of: (i) mixing alumina and zirconia-based powder in ethanol, crushing and drying; and (ii) adding polypropylene binder, polyethylene binder and paraffin wax, mixing and injection molding. The injection body is solvent-defatted in ethanol or water, defatted by hot air again and sintered to eliminate the binder added in injection molding.

Description

세라믹 접목용 핀의 제조방법 및 형상 {Shape and process for manufacturing ceramic grafting pin}Shape and process for manufacturing ceramic grafting pin

본 발명은 과일 및 야채류에 있어 뿌리목과 가지목을 접목 처리할 때에 삽입되는 접목용 핀의 제조 및 이용방법에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a method for producing and using a grafting pin inserted when grafting a root tree and a branch tree in fruits and vegetables.

접목이란 병충해에 강하고 수확이 높은 과일 및 야채를 재배하기 위하여 두 개의 식물체를 인위적으로 접합시키는 것으로서 흙에 뿌리를 내리고 있는 식물(이하 '뿌리목'이라 칭함)에 재배하고자 하는 과일 및 야채류의 가지(이하 '가지목'이라 칭함)를 접하는 기술이다. 접목방법으로는 크게 외부에서 고정하는 방식과 식물체 내부에서 고정하는 방식으로 나뉜다.Grafting is an artificial joining of two plants to grow fruit and vegetables that are resistant to pests and have a high harvest. Hereinafter referred to as 'tree branch'). The grafting method is largely divided into a method of fixing from the outside and a method of fixing inside the plant.

외부에서 고정할 때는 탄성체 튜브나 접목핀치 등이 사용된다. 탄성체 튜브로는 고무 또는 플라스틱 튜브가 사용되며, 튜브에 뿌리목과 가지목을 반씩 삽입하여 접합 부분을 고정 및 지지한다. 그러나 이 방법은 뿌리목과 가지목의 직경에 따라 이에 맞는 튜브를 준비해서 사용해야 하는 불편이 있고, 뿌리목의 떡잎과 가지목의 첫번째 본잎 사이의 마디간 길이가 짧을 경우에는 튜브에 의한 고정이 불안정하여 접목이 불가능하다. 또한 탄성체 튜브를 활착이 끝난 후에 제거하지 않고 방치할 경우에는 줄기를 압박하여 생장을 억제하는 문제도 있다. 접목핀치 방법은 뿌리목과 가지목을 접합시킨 상태에서 그 접합부분을 용수철 압력식의 클립으로 외부에서 고정하는 방식이다. 그러나 이 경우 클립이 묘목에 비해 비교적 무겁기 때문에 어린 묘목을 휘어지게 하는 경우가 많다. 또한 외부에서 고정하는 방식은 외부로부터 압력이 가해지기 때문에 어린 식물조직을 압박하여 접목 처리하지 않은 단독식물에 의해 생육이 억제되는 단점이 있다.When fixing from the outside, an elastic tube or a grafting pinch is used. Rubber or plastic tube is used as the elastomer tube, and the root and branch trees are inserted into the tube in half to fix and support the joint. However, this method is inconvenient to prepare a tube according to the diameter of the root tree and the branch tree, and if the length of the node between the cotyledon of the root tree and the first bone of the branch tree is short, the fixation by the tube is unstable and grafting This is impossible. In addition, when the elastic tube is left unremoved after sliding, there is also a problem of suppressing growth by pressing the stem. The grafting pinch method is a method in which the joint part is fixed from the outside with a spring pressure clip while the root tree and the branch tree are joined. In this case, however, the clip is relatively heavier than the seedlings, so the young seedlings are often bent. In addition, the method of fixing from the outside has a disadvantage in that growth is suppressed by a single plant that is not grafted by pressing young plant tissues because pressure is applied from the outside.

식물체 내부에서 고정할 때에는 주로 핀을 사용한다. 뿌리목과 가지목의 끝을 절단하여 접합시키는 것은 외부에서 고정하는 방식과 동일하나, 가지 내부에 핀을 삽입하여 접합부위를 고정한다. 이 경우 외부에서 고정하는 방식에서 발생하는 여러 문제점을 피할 수 있지만, 삽입된 핀에 의해 식물의 조직이 파괴된다는 문제점이 있다. 따라서, 핀 접목방식의 성공률을 높이기 위해서는 핀의 직경이 가지에 비해 충분히 작아야 하고, 핀이 식물조직에 무해한 물질로 만들어져야 하며 식물의 조직과 유사하게 다공질로 이루어져 물과 양분의 이동이 가능해야 한다. 종래에는 대나무를 쪼개 접목용 핀으로 사용하였으나, 이 경우 직경이 작고 균일한 핀을 얻을 수 없기 때문에 작업능률이 떨어지며 가지가 비교적 가는 야채류의 접목에는 사용이 불가하였다.Pins are usually used for fixing inside plants. Cutting and joining the ends of the roots and branches is the same as the method of fixing from the outside, but fixed the junction by inserting a pin inside the branch. In this case, various problems caused by the external fixing method can be avoided, but there is a problem that the tissue of the plant is destroyed by the inserted pin. Therefore, in order to increase the success rate of the pin grafting method, the diameter of the pin should be small enough compared to the eggplant, the pin should be made of a material harmless to the plant tissue, and it should be made of porous similar to the plant tissue to enable the movement of water and nutrients. . Conventionally, bamboo was used as a split graft pin, but in this case, the diameter was small and uniform pins could not be obtained.

본 발명은 종래의 접목방식이 갖고 있는 문제점을 해결하기 위해, 식물체에 무해한 세라믹을 사용하여 작업능률이 향상될 수 있도록 직경이 가늘고 굵기가 균일한 세라믹 접목용 핀을 개발하는 것이 목적이다.In order to solve the problems of the conventional graft method, an object of the present invention is to develop a ceramic graft pin having a thin diameter and uniform thickness so that work efficiency can be improved by using a ceramic that is harmless to plants.

상기와 같은 목적을 달성하기 위하여 본 발명의 세라믹 접목용 핀은 인체 및 식물에 무해한 알루미나(Al2O3)와 지르코니아(ZrO2)를 사용하여 제작하였다. 그리고 적절한 바인더를 사용하여 사출성형을 통해 직경이 가늘고 굵기가 균일한 핀을 만들었으며, 새로운 탈지공정을 사용하여 첨가된 바인더를 효율적으로 제거함으로써 우수한 특성을 가진 세라믹 접목용 핀을 제조하였다.In order to achieve the above object, the ceramic graft pin of the present invention was manufactured using alumina (Al 2 O 3 ) and zirconia (ZrO 2 ), which are harmless to humans and plants. And using a suitable binder to make a pin with a thin diameter and uniform thickness through injection molding, using a new degreasing process to efficiently remove the added binder to prepare a ceramic grafting pin with excellent characteristics.

이하, 본 발명을 실시예에 의거 상세히 설명하면 다음과 같은 바, 본 발명이 실시예에 의해 한정되는 것은 아니다.Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to Examples, but the present invention is not limited by the Examples.

실시예1Example 1

알루미나를 주성분으로 하는 분말과 지르코니아를 주성분으로 하는 분말 10 kg에 대해 에탄올을 각각 8 liter 씩을 첨가한 후 24시간 동안 볼밀(ball-mill)을 이용하여 혼합, 분쇄하였다. 에탄올을 사용한 이유는, 물을 사용할 경우에는 물의 극성에 의해 세라믹 분말이 극성을 갖게 되어 핀 모양으로 성형이 불가능하기 때문이다. 이렇게 혼합된 분말을 건조기에서 24시간 건조한 후 다시 분쇄하였다. 폴리프로필렌(Polypropylene)계 바인더, 폴리에틸렌(Polyethylene)계 바인더와 파라핀 왁스(Paraffin wax)를 중량비 2:1:2의 비율로 혼합한 후, 앞서 준비된 분말에 10∼30 중량% 첨가하여 100∼250℃에서 4시간 동안 혼련하였다.8 liters of ethanol was added to 10 kg of alumina-based powders and 10 kg of zirconia-based powders, followed by mixing and grinding for 24 hours using a ball mill. The reason why ethanol is used is that when water is used, the ceramic powder becomes polar due to the polarity of the water, and thus it is impossible to be molded into a pin shape. The mixed powder was dried in a dryer for 24 hours and then ground again. Polypropylene-based binder, polyethylene-based binder, and paraffin wax are mixed at a weight ratio of 2: 1: 2, and then 10 to 30% by weight of the previously prepared powder is added to 100 to 250 ° C. Kneaded for 4 hours at.

이렇게 준비된 분말을 이용하여, 사출성형(Injection molding)을 통해 핀 모양으로 제조하였다. 제조된 사출체를 메탄올에 48시간, 그 이후 물에 10시간 담가서 바인더를 용제탈지한 후 건조기에서 24시간 건조하였다. 이를 분당 0.5℃로 500∼800℃까지 승온한 후 3시간 동안 유지하여 다시 열풍탈지하였다. 이 과정을 통해 얻어진 탈지체를 알루미나 분말속에 묻어서 1500∼1650℃에서 2∼3시간 소결하였다. 위의 제조과정을 통해 직경이 약 0.5 mm이고 길이가 20 mm이며 굵기가 균일한 세라믹 접목용 핀을 얻을 수 있었다.Using the powder thus prepared, it was prepared in a pin shape through injection molding (Injection molding). The prepared injection molded product was immersed in methanol for 48 hours and then in water for 10 hours, and then the solvent was degreased and dried in a dryer for 24 hours. The temperature was raised to 500-800 ° C. at 0.5 ° C. per minute, and then maintained for 3 hours. The degreased body obtained through this process was buried in an alumina powder and sintered at 1500 to 1650 ° C. for 2 to 3 hours. Through the above manufacturing process, it was possible to obtain a ceramic graft pin having a diameter of about 0.5 mm, a length of 20 mm, and a uniform thickness.

한편, 알루미나계 분말과 지르코니아계 분말을 일반 성형하여 소결할 경우 직경이 1 mm 이하의 핀을 얻을 수 없었으며 직진도가 현저히 떨어졌다.On the other hand, when alumina-based powders and zirconia-based powders were generally molded and sintered, fins having a diameter of 1 mm or less could not be obtained, and the straightness was significantly decreased.

실시예2Example 2

실시예1에서 제조된 직경이 약 0.5 mm이고 길이가 20 mm인 오각형의 세라믹 접목용 핀과 대나무를 쪼개서 만든 핀을 사용하여 토마토를 초보자가 접목실험하였다. 그 결과는 표1과 같다.A beginner was grafted tomatoes using a pentagonal ceramic grafting pin of about 0.5 mm in diameter and 20 mm in length prepared in Example 1 and a pin made by splitting bamboo. The results are shown in Table 1.

전체 접목 수Total grafts 분당 접목 수Grafts Per Minute 활착 수Roaring 활착률(%)Ride rate (%) 세라믹 핀Ceramic pin 200200 15∼2015-20 163163 81.581.5 대나무 핀Bamboo pins 200200 10∼1310 to 13 107107 53.553.5

대나무 핀을 사용할 경우 핀의 크기가 일정하지 않아 접목하면서 핀이 가지 밖으로 나오는 경우가 많아 활착률이 떨어졌으며 작업속도도 세라믹 핀을 사용하는 경우에 비해 크게 감소하였다.When bamboo pins are used, the pin size is not constant, so the graft pins come out of the branches.

실시예3Example 3

핀의 단면모양이 각각 사각형, 오각형, 원형인 핀을 사용하여 접목 실험을 하였다. 사각형 핀의 경우에는 접합 후 뿌리목과 가지목의 중심을 맞추기 어려웠으며 식물의 조직과 파괴가 심하였다. 원형 핀의 경우에는 접합 후 뿌리목과 가지목의 중심을 맞추기는 쉬웠으나 접합부위의 줄기가 접합 후 쉽게 돌아간다는 단점이 있었다. 오각형 핀의 경우에는 사각형핀을 사용할 때보다 접합 후 중심을 맞추기가 용이하였으며 조직파괴도 적게 일어났다. 또한, 접합부위가 고정되기 때문에 접목 후 줄기가 쉽게 돌아가는 단점이 보완되었다.Grafting experiments were performed using pins with rectangular, pentagonal, and circular cross sections. In the case of square pins, it was difficult to center the roots and branches after joining, and the structure and destruction of the plants were severe. In the case of a circular pin, it was easy to center the roots and branches after joining, but there was a drawback that the stem of the joining part easily returned after joining. In the case of pentagonal pins, centering was easier after joining than square pins, and tissue destruction occurred less. In addition, the disadvantage that the stem is easily rotated after grafting because the joint is fixed.

이상에서 상세히 설명한 바와 같이, 본 발명에서 제안한 사출성형 및 탈지공정을 사용하면 직경이 가늘고 굵기가 일정하며 직진도가 우수한 세라믹 접목용 핀을 안정적으로 생산할 수 있다. 또한, 식물에 무해한 알루미나 및 지르코니아계 분말을 사용하여 접목후 식물조직의 파괴를 줄일 수 있으며, 크기가 일정하기 때문에 기존 대나무 접목용 핀을 사용할 경우에 비해 작업속도와 활착률을 크게 높일 수 있다.As described in detail above, by using the injection molding and degreasing process proposed in the present invention, it is possible to stably produce a ceramic graft pin having a thin diameter, a constant thickness, and excellent straightness. In addition, by using alumina and zirconia-based powder that is harmless to plants, it is possible to reduce the destruction of plant tissues after grafting, and because the size is constant, the working speed and the sticking rate can be significantly increased compared to the case of using a conventional bamboo grafting pin.

Claims (3)

세라믹 접목용 핀을 제조하기 위해, 알루미나와 지르코니아계 분말을 에탄올에 혼합, 분쇄하여 건조한 후 폴리프로필렌(Polypropylene)계 바인더와 폴리에틸렌(Polyethylene)계 바인더 그리고 파라핀 왁스(Paraffin wax)를 첨가, 혼련하여 사출성형(Injection molding)하는 방법In order to manufacture ceramic grafting pins, alumina and zirconia-based powders are mixed, crushed and dried in ethanol, and then polypropylene-based binders, polyethylene-based binders, and paraffin waxes are added and kneaded and injected. Injection molding method 사출성형시 첨가된 바인더를 제거하기 위해, 사출체를 메탄올과 물에 용제탈지한 후 이를 다시 열풍탈지하여 소결하는 방법In order to remove the binder added during injection molding, the injection molded product is solvent-degreased in methanol and water, and then hot-air-degreased and sintered again. 제 1 항 또는 제 2 항의 방법으로 제조한 직경이 0.3∼1 mm, 길이가 10∼30 mm이고 단면모양이 오각형, 타원형, 반달모양, 또는 사각형인 접목용 핀Grafting pins having a diameter of 0.3 to 1 mm, a length of 10 to 30 mm, and a pentagonal shape, oval shape, half moon shape, or quadrangular shape made by the method of claim 1 or 2.
KR1019990059707A 1999-12-21 1999-12-21 Shape and process for manufacturing ceramic grafting pin KR20010057296A (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103609342A (en) * 2013-11-26 2014-03-05 浙江大学 Potted tray vegetable automatic needle grafting type grafting device
CN105165415A (en) * 2015-07-15 2015-12-23 浙江大学 Vegetable-seedling three-dimensional positioning and clamping device for grafting machine
CN112573917A (en) * 2020-12-28 2021-03-30 长裕控股集团有限公司 Alcohol solvent degreasing feed for zirconia ceramic injection molding and preparation method and application thereof

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103609342A (en) * 2013-11-26 2014-03-05 浙江大学 Potted tray vegetable automatic needle grafting type grafting device
CN105165415A (en) * 2015-07-15 2015-12-23 浙江大学 Vegetable-seedling three-dimensional positioning and clamping device for grafting machine
CN112573917A (en) * 2020-12-28 2021-03-30 长裕控股集团有限公司 Alcohol solvent degreasing feed for zirconia ceramic injection molding and preparation method and application thereof

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