KR20010036239A - Tunneling machines having a exchanging holder for roller cutter and main bit - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A tunnel boring machine having a holder to replace a roller cutter and a main bit is provided to facilitate replacement, and improve boring capacity while a roller cutter and a main bit are suitably placed according to the type of a stratum. CONSTITUTION: Several exchange holders(10) are installed in the front side of a cutter head, and either of a roller cutter(131) or a main bit is installed in the exchange holder. The exchange holder comprises a holder block(12), a guide block(16), a fixing block(18) and a reaction block(20). The holder block passes through the cutter head. The front and rear sides of the holder block are opened. The guide block and the fixing block are installed in the front side of the holder block, and install the roller cutter(131) or the bit bracket having the main bit. The reaction block is installed in the rear side of the holder block.

Description

Tunnel excavator with roller cutter and replacement holder for main bit {TUNNELING MACHINES HAVING A EXCHANGING HOLDER FOR ROLLER CUTTER AND MAIN BIT}

The present invention relates to a tunnel excavator used in the propulsion method, and more particularly, to a tunnel excavator equipped with a replacement holder of the roller cutter and the main bit to replace the roller cutter and the main bit of the tunnel excavator and to have mutual compatibility. It is about.

The propulsion method inserts a steel cylindrical excavation machine called a micro tunneling machine or a semi-shield machine into a vertical work tool, so that a cutter head for earth excavation is mounted on the tip of the machine. The tunnel is excavated while rotating and the membrane face is prevented from collapsing through the membrane by various auxiliary methods (water and chemical injection) while pushing and pushing the propulsion pipes installed at the rear of the excavating machine with hydraulic jacks one by one. To dig.

1 and 2 are a front view and a side view showing an embodiment of a tunnel excavator according to the prior art.

As shown, the tunnel excavator 100 according to the prior art is composed of a front cylinder 110 and a tail body 120 of a steel cylinder. In front of the front cylinder 110, a roller cutter 131, a cutter head 130 provided with a main bit 132 and an opening 133 are installed to be rotatable. A plurality of cutter motors 140 and a reducer 141 are installed in the rear cylinder 120 to drive the cutter head 130, and the reducer 141 is disposed on the central axis of the front cylinder 110. A drive shaft 142 is geared and rotated, and a cone crusher 150 having a conical shape is installed at an outer circumference of the drive shaft 142 and rotates together with the drive shaft 142. In addition, the end of the drive shaft 142 is fixedly coupled to the cutter head 130 to rotate the cutter head 130.

The first space 111 between the inclined surface plate 151 of the cone crusher 150 and the inner surface of the front cylinder 110 forms a space that gradually narrows toward the rear. Finally, the first space 111 is formed through the narrowly formed passage 112. 2 space 113 is connected. On the other hand, the inner lower end of the rear barrel 120 is provided with a fang pipe 161 and a manifold pipe 162 so that the crushed soil and rock can be banned, the ends of these fang pipe 161 and the banney pipe 162 Is connected to one end of the second space 113, the high-pressure water flow supplied through the duct pipe 161 passes through the membrane (the first space and the second space), and the vane pipe (with 162).

The front cylinder 110 and the rear cylinder 120 are connected by a plurality of steering jacks (170) to pull or push each direction modification jack 170 to adjust the direction of the front cylinder (110). The rear cylinder 120 is provided with a hydraulic device 171 for supplying hydraulic pressure to these direction correction jack 170 and a plurality of solenoid valves 172 for adjusting the stroke of the direction correction jack 170.

At one end of the rear cylinder 120 is provided a panel 180 is provided with a scaled target and a plurality of gauges, the rear of the panel 180 is installed with a camera 181 for observing this cockpit located on the ground You can observe this at Meanwhile, the direction of the tunnel excavator 100 may be measured as the laser beam installed and scanned in the vertical work tool is displayed at a predetermined position of the target, and by adjusting the respective direction correction jacks 170 based on this. The direction of the tunnel excavator 100 may be guided in the desired direction.

Excavation work and operation of the tunnel excavator according to the prior art made of such a structure is made as follows.

First, the vertical work tool is excavated at a predetermined position on the ground, and the tunnel excavator 100 described above is inserted into the vertical work tool and installed. Aligning the cutter head 130 in the excavation direction, one propulsion pipe to the rear of the rear cylinder 120, and using a reaction force to install a hydraulic jack for applying the pressing force to the tunnel excavator 100 in the excavation direction.

The tunnel excavator 100 is pushed together with the propulsion pipe in the drilling direction by the hydraulic jack, the front of the cutter head 130 is in close contact with the ground. The driving force of the cutter motor 140 forms a high torque while passing through the reducer 141 to rotate the cone crusher 150 and the cutter head 130. The roller cutter 131 and the main bit 132 rotate together with the cutter head 130 so that the tunnel excavator 100 drills while being in close contact with the ground and crushing the soil and rock. The crushed soil and rock are pushed into the first space 111 through the opening 133. The soil and rock pushed into the first space 111 are crushed once again between the inclined surface plate 151 of the rotating cone crusher 150 and the inner surface of the front cylinder 110 to be formed through a narrow passage 112. 2 is pushed into the space (113). Soil and rock that are pushed into the second space 113 is mixed with the water flow supplied through the fang pipe 161 is discharged to the ban pipe (162). As described above, the propulsion tube is pushed by the length of the tunnel excavator 100, and the hydraulic jack is retracted and the operation of inserting another propulsion tube is repeated.

On the other hand, the excavation work is developed from the tunnel excavator 100 to the bad ground, and the roller cutter 131 and the main bit 132 crushing the ground while increasing the utilization of the tunnel excavator 100 are severely worn or damaged. In many cases, the need for replacement of worn or damaged roller cutter 131 or main bit 132 is increasing.

By the way, the roller cutter 131 and the main bit 132 of the tunnel excavator 100 according to the prior art is fixed to the cutter head 130 by welding, worn or damaged roller cutter 131 or the main bit 132 There was a disadvantage that can not be easily replaced.

Even if the new roller cutter 131 or the main bit 132 is replaced, the bit 132 may be installed in place of the roller cutter 131 or the roller cutter 131 may be installed in place of the bit 132. There was a downside to being incompatible.

In addition, in the region with complex geological characteristics where the ground characteristics change irregularly as in Korea, the roller cutter 131 and the bit 132 installed in the cutter head 130 have a great influence on the excavation efficiency due to the type and arrangement. Compatibility issues are on the rise.

Therefore, the present invention is to solve such a conventional problem, it is possible to replace the roller cutter and the main bit installed in the cutter head of the tunnel excavator with mutual compatibility to replace the roller cutter and the main bit according to the characteristics of each layer. The purpose is to provide a tunnel excavator that can be properly disposed to increase the drilling efficiency.

The present invention for realizing the above object is provided with a cutter head (cutter head) is installed to be rotatable in front of the front body (steel body) of the cylindrical cylinder, the roller cutter and the tunnel excavator in which the main bit is installed on the front of the cutter head In order to fix the holder block having a front and rear open through the cutter head surface, the guide block and the fixing block for screwing the bit bracket or roller cutter with the main bit to the front of the fixed fixed holder block is screwed The reaction block is screwed to the rear of the holder block, so that the roller cutter or the main bit can be installed on the holder block with mutual compatibility. The roller cutter and the main bit can be properly arranged according to the stratum conditions to increase the excavation efficiency. .

The above objects and various advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the preferred embodiments of the invention described below with reference to the accompanying drawings by those skilled in the art.

1 is a front view showing an embodiment of a tunnel excavator according to the prior art,

2 is a front view showing the cutter head of the tunnel excavator according to the prior art,

3 is a front view showing a cutter head of a tunnel excavator having a roller cutter and a replacement holder of a main bit according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA ′ of FIG. 3.

5 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line B-B 'of FIG.

6 is an exploded perspective view showing a replacement holder for coupling the roller cutter according to the present invention;

Figure 7 is an exploded perspective view showing a replacement holder for coupling the main bit according to the present invention.

<Explanation of symbols for main parts of drawing>

10: replacement holder 12: holder block 14: bit bracket

16: guide block 18: fixed block 20: reaction block

24, 26, 32, 36: screw hole 28: shaft groove 30: recess

38: step 100: tunnel excavator 110: front tube

120: rear cylinder 130: cutter head 140: cutter motor

141: reducer 161: tunnel piping 162: banney piping

170: direction modifying jack 171: hydraulic device 172: solenoid valve

180: panel

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings will be described in detail an embodiment of the present invention.

3 is a front view illustrating a cutter head of a tunnel excavator having a roller cutter and a replacement holder of a main bit according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA ′ of FIG. Is a cross-sectional view taken along the line B-B 'of FIG. In addition, the part which consists of the same structure as before is described with reference to FIG.

As shown, the tunnel excavator 100 with the roller cutter 131 and the replacement holder 10 of the main bit 132 according to the present invention is a front cylinder (110) and the back cylinder of the steel cylinder (tail body; 120). The front of the front cylinder 110, the cutter head 130 is installed to be rotatable.

In front of the cutter head 130, a plurality of replacement holders 10, which can be installed at any one of the roller cutter 131 and the main bit 132, are disposed, and the roller cutter 131 or One of the main bits 132 is installed.

6 and 7, the replacement holder 10 according to the present invention is fixed to the holder block 12 through which the front and rear surfaces are opened and fixed through the cutter head 130, and the holder block fixedly installed ( A guide block 16 and a fixing block 18 for screwing the bit bracket 14 or roller cutter 131 to which the main bit 132 is attached to the front of the holder 12 are screwed together, Reaction block 20 is screwed to the rear.

The holder block 12 of the replacement holder 10 has a quadrangular shape with an approximately front and rear sides open. The holder block 12 of the replacement holder 10 is inserted through the opening 22 to penetrate the front and rear sides of the cutter head 130 and is welded. Fix it. A plurality of screw holes 24 are formed on the inner wall of the holder block 12 so as to be screwed with the guide block 16 or the bit bracket 14 of the roller cutter 131. In addition, a plurality of screw holes 26 are formed on the rear surface of the holder block 12 so as to be screwed with the reaction block 20.

6 is an exploded perspective view illustrating a replacement holder 10 for coupling the roller cutter 131 according to the present invention. In order to couple the roller cutter 131, a pair of guide blocks 16 and a pair of fixed blocks ( 18) is required.

The guide block 16 is formed on the inner wall of the recess 30 and the holder block 12 into which the shaft groove 28 into which the shaft 134 of the roller cutter 131 is inserted and the fixing block 18 can be firmly coupled. It is provided with a screw hole 32 for screwing the guide block 16. In particular, the shaft groove 28 is open to the rear to remove the roller cutter 131 to the rear when removing the fixing block 18. The fixed block 18 is inserted into the recess 30 and screwed together, and supports the shaft 134 of the roller cutter 131 together with the shaft groove 28.

7 is an exploded perspective view illustrating a replacement holder 10 for coupling the main bit 132 according to the present invention. Here, the main bit 132 is joined to the front surface of the bit bracket 14 by welding or the like, and the rear surface of the bit bracket 14 extends to be in contact with the inner wall surface of the holder block 12. The bit bracket 14 is inserted from the rear of the holder block 12 so that the front surface of the bit bracket 14 is located on the front surface of the holder block 12. In addition, a screw hole 36 is formed in the bending extension part 34 in contact with the inner wall surface of the holder block 12 to be screwed and fixed to the screw hole 24 of the holder block 12.

6 and 7, the reaction block 20 is screwed to the rear of the holder block 12, the square step 38 is installed on the front of the reaction block 20 is the holder block 12 of the The rear surface of the fixing block 18 or the bit bracket 14 that is inserted along the inner wall and supports the shaft 134 of the roller cutter 131 is firmly supported.

Meanwhile, as described above with reference to FIG. 1, a plurality of cutter motors 140 and a reducer 141 for driving the cutter head 130 are installed in the rear barrel 120. A drive shaft 142 geared to the gear reducer 141 is rotated on the central axis of the 110, and a cone crusher 150 having a conical shape is installed on the outer circumference of the drive shaft 142, and the drive shaft It is rotated with 142. In addition, the end of the drive shaft 142 is fixedly coupled to the cutter head 130 to rotate the cutter head 130.

The first space 111 between the inclined surface plate 151 of the cone crusher 150 and the inner surface of the front cylinder 110 forms a space that gradually narrows toward the rear. Finally, the first space 111 is formed through the narrowly formed passage 112. 2 space 113 is connected. On the other hand, the inner lower end of the rear cylinder 120, as described above, is provided with a fang pipe 161 and a bunny pipe 162 so as to ban the crushed soil and rock. In addition, the front cylinder 110 and the rear cylinder 120 is connected to a plurality of steering jack (steering jack; 170) to adjust the direction of the front cylinder 110 by pulling or pushing the respective direction modification jack (170). have. The rear cylinder 120 is provided with a hydraulic device 171 for supplying hydraulic pressure to these direction correction jack 170 and a plurality of solenoid valves 172 for adjusting the stroke of the direction correction jack 170.

One end of the rear barrel 120 is provided with a panel 180 is provided with a target engraved scale and a plurality of gauges, the rear of the panel 180 is provided with a camera 181 for observing this is located on the ground This can be observed in the cockpit. Meanwhile, the direction of the tunnel excavator 100 may be measured as the laser beam installed and scanned in the vertical work tool is displayed at a predetermined position of the target, and by adjusting the respective direction correction jacks 170 based on this. The direction of the tunnel excavator 100 may be guided in the desired direction.

In particular, the plurality of replacement holders 10 installed on the surface of the cutter head 130 of the tunnel excavator 100 are ground conditions of the ground to be excavated, for example, general soil or clay layer, silt sand layer, gravel layer and rock layer, etc. The installation ratio and arrangement of the roller cutter 131 and the main bit 132 can be appropriately changed according to the stratum conditions. As is known, the roller cutter 131 is mainly advantageous for the gravel layer or the rock layer, and the main bit 132 is suitable for the general soil or clay layer.

The replacement holder 10 according to the present invention allows the roller cutter 131 and the main bit 132 to be installed with mutual compatibility.

Meanwhile, a method of replacing the roller cutter 131 and the main bit 132 of the replacement holder 10 according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 6 and 7.

As described above, the holder block 12 is fixed to the cutter head 130, and in order to separate the roller cutter 131 or the main bit 132, first, a reaction force coupled to the rear surface of the holder block 12 Remove the block 20. After opening the rear of the holder block 12 as described above and removing the fixed block 18 supporting the shaft of the roller cutter 131 through the rear, the shaft groove 28 of the guide block 16 is exposed to the rear roller The cutter 131 may be separated. In this state, another new roller cutter 131 may be replaced. If it is to be replaced with the main bit 132, the guide block 16 may be removed and the holder block 12 may be completely opened. Then, the bit bracket ( 14) Insert and tighten.

Meanwhile, the method of replacing the roller cutter 131 at the position of the holder block 12 in which the main bit 132 is installed can be performed similarly to the method described above, and thus detailed description thereof will be omitted.

On the other hand, it has been described to install the roller cutter 131 or the main bit 132 in the cutter head 130 in advance before entering the excavation, but the operator to the front cylinder 110 of the tunnel excavator 100 In the tunnel excavator 100 having a structure that can be inserted, that is, a structure in which a worker's hand can reach the rear surface of the cutter head 130, the roller cutter 131 or the main bit 132 may be replaced even during excavation. That is, the replacement holder 10 according to the present invention can be replaced from the rear of the cutter head 130, so that the structure of the roller cutter 131 or the main bit 132 according to the situation when the stratum conditions change during excavation You can change and respond quickly.

In the above description, it should be understood that those skilled in the art can make modifications and changes to the present invention without changing the gist of the present invention as merely illustrative of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

As described above, according to the present invention, when the roller cutter and the main bit are severely worn or damaged, it is easy to replace the roller cutter and the bit installed in the cutter head according to the complex geological characteristics of which the ground characteristics change irregularly as in Korea. The excavation efficiency can be improved by optimizing the type and arrangement.

In particular, in tunnel excavators that have an internal space where workers can enter the rear of the cutter head, the structure of the roller cutter or the main bit can be changed according to the situation when the stratum conditions change even during excavation, thereby further increasing the drilling efficiency. .

Claims (7)

In a tunnel excavator having a cutter head rotatably installed in front of a steel cylindrical front body, the roller cutter and the main bit is installed on the front of the cutter head, The holder block is fixed to the front and rear open through the cutter head surface, The guide block and the fixed block for installing the bit bracket or roller cutter with the bit attached to the front of the fixed holder block is screwed, Tunnel excavator with a roller cutter and a replacement holder of the main bit, characterized in that the reaction block is screwed to the rear of the holder block. A cutter head is installed to be rotatable in front of a steel cylindrical front body, and a roller cutter and a main bit are installed on the front of the cutter head, and an operator can enter the rear of the cutter head. In the spaced tunnel excavator, The holder block is fixed to the front and rear open through the cutter head surface, The guide block and the fixed block for installing the bit bracket or roller cutter with the bit attached to the front of the fixed holder block is screwed, Tunnel excavator with a roller cutter and a replacement holder of the main bit, characterized in that the reaction block is screwed to the rear of the holder block. The method according to claim 1 or 2, The holder block 12 is characterized in that a plurality of screw holes 26 are formed to screw the guide block 16 or the bit bracket 14, the reaction block 20 of the roller cutter 131 is formed Tunnel excavator with roller cutter and bit replacement holder. The method according to claim 1 or 2, The guide block 16 is formed of the recess 30 and the holder block 12 into which the shaft groove 28 into which the shaft 134 of the roller cutter 131 is inserted and the fixing block 18 can be coupled. Tunnel excavator with a roller cutter and a bit replacement holder, characterized in that it comprises a screw hole 32 for screwing the guide block 16 to the inner wall. The method of claim 4, wherein The shaft groove (28) is a tunnel excavator having a roller cutter and a bit replacement holder, characterized in that the rear opening so as to separate the roller cutter (131) to the rear. The method according to claim 1 or 2, The bit bracket 14 is provided with a roller cutter and a replacement holder for the bit, characterized in that the bending extension portion 34 and the screw hole 36 is formed to be screwed to the inner wall surface of the holder block 12 Tunnel excavator. The method according to claim 1 or 2, The reaction block 20 is a roller cutter and a bit replacement holder, characterized in that the square step portion 38 is formed on the front surface of the fixed block 18 or the bit bracket 14 to support the back. Equipped tunnel excavator.