KR20010035333A - A Clayey Board Block Having A Water Permeability And The Producing Method - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A permeable clayey floor brick manufacturing method is provided to keep permeability for a long term by preventing a permeable through hole from being clogged caused by mixing dust or impurities, and to have environment-friendliness to minimize the disruption of an ecosystem and improve the inhabiting environment of microbes living under permeable clayey floor bricks. CONSTITUTION: A permeable clayey floor brick comprises several longitudinal through holes of 3.5 ¯ 5.0 millimeters in diameter, and the diameter of a through hole formed on the surface and reverse side of a floor brick is contracted within 1 millimeter, then dried and baked; a permeable clayey floor brick manufacturing method comprises the steps of forming the through hole by passing a clayey molding body through a core for forming a through hole on extruding or immediately after extruding, or on molding under pressure; sealing or contracting the through holes on the surface and reverse side of a floor brick, or on the surface by cutting into a required size, then drying and baking.

Description

A clayey board block having a water permeability and the producing method

The present invention relates to a clay bottom brick having an environmentally permeable permeability and a method for manufacturing the same. More specifically, the clay bottom brick having a permeability by recycling the clay and kaolin and industrial wastes to form a hole therein and a method of manufacturing the same It is about.

In general, the floor brick made of clay is not only natural, clean and beautiful, but also can be used semi-permanently because of its excellent chemical resistance and robustness to various chemicals.

However, despite these advantages of clay bricks, after a certain period of time after paving bricks, this material, such as soil, penetrates between blocks and blocks, resulting in a completely sealed and loss of permeability. In the case of sidewalk pavement method using interlocking permeable concrete, which is a product, the permeability is good at the first time after construction, but as time goes by, foreign material such as soil is filled in the gap of concrete, and it has a serious defect that it has to lose its drainage function. .

In addition, conventional clay bricks and interlocking permeable concrete have the disadvantage of adding fatigue to pedestrians because the material itself is too hard.

On the other hand, the technique of imparting water permeability to the floor bricks of clay material is Korea Patent Publication No. 91-1935, a permeable brick mainly made of porous porcelain material, and waste glass and fly ash are applied to the fired material of the lower layer and the pottery or clay particles. Korean Patent Registration No.0131052 characterized by consisting of glazed surface layers, Korean Patent Registration No. 0130603 consisting of a lower layer composed of SiO ₂ containing combusted ash coagulum and waste glass or water glass and a pottery or clay material and waste glass or water glass Etc.

However, the permeable floor bricks produced in this way have high specific gravity, which is inconvenient to transport and construct, and it is difficult to purchase the material of the surface layer and the material of the lower layer, and the process is complicated and the manufacturing cost is very high. It shows excellent permeability at the beginning after construction, but as time passes, soil or gravel is easily caught in the hollow part of the interior, which makes raining in heavy rain or rainy season uncomfortable to the sidewalk. There is a problem that overflows, causing great inconvenience even in the passage of the vehicle.

On the other hand, when clay, kaolin and industrial waste coal are used as floor bricks, the contact feeling is very hard, causing inconvenience to pedestrians. Also, the soil under the floor bricks is completely blocked from the air at the top. There is still a problem that several kinds of microorganisms in the genus cannot be inhabited, resulting in partial destruction of the ecosystem.

The present invention is to solve the problems as described above, an object of the present invention is to provide a floor brick having excellent water permeability and environmentally friendly water-permeable, another object of the present invention is a floor brick is maintained permeability long-term Another object of the present invention is to provide a permeable clay floor brick having a simple process and low manufacturing cost, and another object of the present invention is to provide a clay floor brick having good contact feeling when walking. will be. Furthermore, another object of the present invention is to provide an environmentally friendly permeable clay floor brick which prevents the destruction of the ecosystem by improving the habitat environment of microorganisms inhabiting the soil under the floor brick.

The permeable clay floor brick according to the present invention has a length of about 40 to 50 through-holes having a diameter of 3.5 to 5.0 mm based on a general floor brick having a length of 230 mm, a butterfly 114 mm, and a thickness of about 60 mm. On the front and rear surfaces, the diameter of the formed through hole is reduced to within 1 mm, and then dried and fired.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, the clay brick having a length of 230 mm, a butterfly 114 mm, and a thickness of about 60 mm has 40 to 50 longitudinal through holes having a diameter of 3.5 to 5.0 mm. It is characterized in that the dried and calcined after attaching the clay plate for the through-air sealing on the front and back surface of 3-10mm thickness, respectively.

In addition, according to the present invention, a method of manufacturing a clay brick having a water permeability is provided by forming a double-sided hole or a single-sided hole by passing a core for forming an extrusion-molded clay molded body at the time of extrusion, immediately after extrusion, or during pressing. By cutting into a closed or reduced through-holes formed on the surface and the bottom of the bottom brick, characterized in that the drying and firing.

In addition, according to another aspect of the present invention, a method for producing a clay bottom brick is formed by forming a double-sided hole or a single-sided hole by passing a core for forming an extrusion-molded clay molded body at the time of extrusion, immediately after extrusion, or at the time of press molding, and drying the clay slurry. The through-holes are immersed in the niche of the bottom brick, and the through-holes formed on the surface or the back or the surface is reduced or reduced, and then dried and fired.

In addition, the manufacturing method of the clay bottom brick of another embodiment of the present invention by forming a double-sided or one-sided through-holes by passing the core for forming the extrusion-molded clay molded body at the time of extrusion, immediately after extrusion, or press molding to a desired size After cutting, the airtight and closed clay plate is attached to the surface and the back surface or the surface of the bottom brick, characterized in that the drying and firing.

In addition, the clay manufacturing method of another embodiment of the present invention is to cut the clay molded body to be extruded to the desired size after extrusion without forming a hole, and then double-sided through the vertical action of the press molding machine using a mold capable of forming a hole Alternatively, after forming the one-sided through-holes, the through-holes are sealed or reduced, and then dried and fired.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.

The through hole formed in the clay bottom brick of the present invention is suitable for the diameter of 3.5 to 5.0mm, and if it is less than this range, the water permeability is insufficient, and if it exceeds this range, the strength of the product may be lowered. At the same time, it is difficult to seal the through holes formed on the front and back surfaces.

And the number of through holes 40 to 50 is appropriate based on the general floor brick (230 mm X 114 mm X 60 mm), the water permeability is insufficient if less than this range, if the product exceeds this range The strength is lowered.

In addition, the through hole formed on the surface and the rear surface or the surface is preferably reduced to less than 1mm in diameter, more preferably completely closed, because if the through hole formed in the above surface and the rear surface in the above range and the soil through the through hole This is because foreign matter such as sand or sand penetrates and completely blocks the perforation, resulting in loss of permeability.

And even if the surface and the back surface or the through hole is completely sealed, the rainwater penetrates into the thin film on the upper surface of the central through hole, passes through the central through hole, and is discharged into the thin film on the back surface.

In addition, the most productive method of reducing or sealing the formed holes is to adjust the viscosity of the extruded or pressurized molded body so that the through holes are automatically reduced or closed during cutting. The press-formed molded body may be cut and then attached to the upper and lower sides of the clay plate separately prepared, or after cutting, the porous part may be immersed in the needle barrel of the clay slurry to be dried and then fired.

According to another aspect of the present invention, a method of manufacturing a clay bottom brick having water permeability by mixing and grinding a material such as clay or kaolin, followed by extrusion or press molding, and then cutting the molded body so as not to form a through hole, and then After cutting to size, a double-sided hole or a single-sided hole is formed by using a mold capable of forming a hole in the upper and lower sides of the molded body by the vertical action of the press molding machine, and then the clay plate for sealing the hole is formed on the surface of the bottom brick and It is attached to the back or surface, or soaked in clay slurry needles to seal the through part, and then dry and fire.

And the molding material is preferably added within 5 parts by weight of graphite to 100 parts by weight of the mixture of clay and kaolin, coal ash may be added within 30 parts by weight, if necessary, the cut molding is dried and In addition, the ratio of kaolin and clay is appropriately weight ratio of 60-80: 40-20.

An embodiment of the present invention is as follows.

Example 1

After mixing and grinding 70% of kaolin and 30% of clay by weight%, 2 parts by weight of graphite is added to 100 parts by weight of the mixture of kaolin and clay, and then mixed uniformly again, and then the mixture of kaolin clay and graphite is water content. This was 18% and molded in a vacuum extrusion machine.

And in order to drill the hole inside the molded body at the entrance of the molding sphere, a core having a diameter of 4 mm was pre-installed in the spherical part of the vacuum injection molding machine, and after extrusion, the molded body was cut into the required size with a cutter, which was drilled when forming from the top to the bottom. The product cut partly or completely closed by the cutting surface of the cutter was dried at 165 ° C. for 40 hours, and then preheated and calcined at 1,150 ° C. for 36 hours, and cooled to prepare a clay bottom brick having water permeability.

Example 2

80% of kaolin and 20% of clay were mixed and pulverized, and 2 parts by weight of graphite was added and mixed with 100 parts by weight of the mixture, and the water content of the mixture was 17-20%. A core having a diameter of 4 mm was installed in the spherical part to form a through-hole in the molded body at the inlet, and the molded body was cut into the required size after molding by the vacuum injection molding machine thus installed.

In order to seal the molded body with holes formed on both sides, the length and the butterfly should be equal to the size of the cut surface, and two clay plates of 5 mm in thickness were prepared. Press molding at a pressure of 80kg / ㎠ to integrate and then the molded product was dried for 40 hours at 165 ℃ and 36 hours plastic bonding at a temperature of 1,150 ℃ to prepare a clay bottom brick having water permeability.

Example 3

30 parts by weight of coal ash was mixed with 100% by weight of a pulverized mixture of 60% of kaolin and 40% of clay by weight, and then, the water content of the mixture was 20-25%, and was molded by a vacuum injection molding machine. In order to drill the hole inside the molded body, the core of the vacuum injection molding machine was pre-installed with a core of 4 mm in diameter, and after molding, the molded body was cut into the required size with a cutter. The product cut partly or completely closed by the cut surface was dried at 165 ° C. for 40 hours, and then preheated and calcined at 1,200 ° C. for 36 hours, and cooled to prepare a clay bottom brick having water permeability.

Comparative Example 1

After mixing 80% clay and 20% sand by weight, adjust the moisture content of the mixture of clay and sand to 18%, and adjust the moisture content of the mixture of clay and sand to 18% and mold it with a vacuum injection molding machine. One clay block product was dried at a temperature of 200 ° C. for 44 hours, and then preheated and calcined at 1,150 ° C. for 40 hours, and cooled to prepare a clay permeable brick having no permeability.

Physical properties of the clay brick having a water permeability obtained by the above Examples and Comparative Examples were measured based on the following criteria.

* Test Methods

(A) Absorption rate and compressive strength

According to the method of Korean Industrial Standard KSL 4201, the absorption rate and the compressive strength of the clay bottom brick having the permeability of Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Example 1 the clay bottom brick were tested.

◎ Absorption rate

Where a is the absorptivity

m1: Weight after drying (g)

m2: Weight including water (g)

* How to operate

① The sample is dried in an air bath at 105-120 ℃ for 24 hours, cooled to room temperature, and cooled. After drying, the sample is weight m1 (g).

(2) After soaking this sample in the water which is cut off immediately for 3 hours, it is allowed to cool to room temperature. At this time, cooling may be performed by adding water.In case of determining the absorption rate according to absorption for 24 hours, dry sample is immediately placed in water of 20 ± 5 ℃. The time is allowed to stand, and the distance between the upper part of the sample and the water surface is 50-60 mm.

③ Take this out of water and quickly wipe the surface moisture with a damp cloth and weigh it immediately to make the weight m2 (g) including water.

◎ Compressive Strength

C =

Where C: compressive strength (㎏f / ㎠)

A: Pressurized area including an opening (cm 2)

W: Maximum load (kgf)

* How to operate

The sample is dried in an air bath at 105-120 ° C in advance, and taken out after 24 hours, and allowed to cool to room temperature. The 230 mm × 114 mm or 190 mm × 94 mm face of the clay floor brick is used as a pressurized surface, and each sample includes an opening in advance Obtain the pressurized area A (cm2), and pressurize the press surface evenly with pieces of paper, if necessary.The pressurization speed is 5-10kgf / cm2 per second, and the maximum load when the sample is destroyed (Kgf) is measured.

(B) flexural strength

According to the Korean Industrial Standard KSF 4419, the flexural strengths of Examples 1-3 clay clay bricks and Comparative Example 1 clay clay bricks were measured.

* How to operate

The sample is immersed in water for 24 hours and then immediately tested. The distance between the points is 140 mm and the center load is applied. At this time, pressurization speed is operated at high speed up to about 50% of the breaking load, and then the maximum load P indicated in the tester is measured by applying a load such that the increase in maximum bending compressive stress does not exceed 9.8 N / mm2 per minute. Calculate the flexural strength accordingly.

Flexural strength (N / ㎡) =

Where p is the maximum fracture load (N) indicated in the tester.

ℓ: distance between points (mm)

b: Average butterfly in the perpendicular direction between the points (mm)

d: average thickness of brick (mm)

* Remarks

① Even if the load is distributed evenly by inserting a rubber plate or the like on the pressing surface and the supporting surface of the sample.

② The sample shall be tested as it is bent, and shall be pressurized at right angles to the center line connecting the center points of both ends of the bend.

③ If the flexural strength test is impossible as it is in the shape of brick, cut the sample into 200 × 60 × 60㎜ and measure the size of the sample before calculating the bending test.

④ When the sample cannot be cut to the size of 200 × 60 × 60㎜, the test can be made by cutting to the smaller size. At this time, the space may vary, but it should be more than twice the height of the sample. It shall not be less than the combined height of the sample height between the spaces.

⑤ For the dimensional measurement of the pressure section before the bending test, the butterfly is measured at two places above and below the longitudinal pressing line, and the thickness is measured at two quarters inside at both ends of the longitudinal direction.

⑥ In case of testing by using a tester or measuring device in the conventional unit, the numerical conversion by international unit (SI) shall be as follows.

1 kg = 9.80 N

(C) Permeability coefficient

Based on the water permeability test, the permeation test was conducted by the following equation.

Kp =

Where Kp is the permeability coefficient (cm / sec)

L: height of the clay floor brick

a: container cross section

t2-t1: pitching time

A: throwing area

h1: water level at the start of the test

h2: water level at the end of the test

Test results based on the above criteria were as shown in Table 1 below.

Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Comparative Example 1 Absorption rate (%) 4.8 6.5 7.3 15 Compressive strength (kgf / cm3) 386 356 390 187 Flexural strength (N / ㎣) 9.2 9.4 7.6 4.2 Permeability coefficient (cm / sec) 0.8 × 10 ^-2 1.0 × 10 ^-2 07. × 10 ^-2 0

In Table 1, it is confirmed that the permeability is increased without decreasing the compressive strength or the bending strength by the difference between Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Example 1, so that the physical properties of Examples 1 to 3 can be suitably used as clay bottom brick having water permeability. It can be seen that.

The clay permeable brick having the water permeability of the present invention is not only natural, clean and beautiful, but also has the characteristics of general clay floor brick that can be used semi-permanently because of its excellent and durable chemical resistance to various chemicals. Many holes are formed in the bottom brick, and the surface and the rear surface thereof are sealed to prevent the permeation holes from being blocked by the incorporation of dust or impurities, thereby retaining the permeable function for a long time.

In addition, air or moisture is penetrated into the soil under the bottom brick to improve the habitat environment of microorganisms, thereby minimizing the destruction of the ecosystem, and because water on the bottom brick surface is easily permeated, It has permeability and dynamic sea resistance to prevent flooding of urban rivers, to preserve underground water and to prevent deformation and settlement of urban grounds, and to increase slip resistance, reduce water splashing, and supply natural water to roadside trees.

In addition, the manufacturing cost is low, partly easy to repair, and many effects such as reducing the fatigue to increase the feeling of walking due to the surface embossing phenomenon to have a good effect on the emotion of the person.

Claims (9)

In the clay bottom brick, a plurality of longitudinal holes having a diameter of 3.5-5.0 mm are formed, and the diameter of the formed holes is reduced to within 1 mm in the surface and the back or the surface of the clay bottom brick, and then dried and fired. Clay-like bottom brick having permeability. In the clay bottom brick, a plurality of longitudinal holes having a diameter of 3.5-5.0 mm are formed, and clay plates having a thickness of 3-10 mm are attached to each other to seal the formed holes at the surface and the back or the surface of the clay bottom brick. And a fired clay bottom brick, which is fired. In the clay bottom brick, a plurality of longitudinal holes having a diameter of 3.5-5.0 mm are formed, and the clay bottom sealing film is formed on the surface and the rear surface or the surface of the clay bottom brick to form a dry sealing film for drying and firing. Clay-like bottom brick having permeability. 4. The water permeability according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the number of the through holes is 40 to 50 based on a general clay floor brick having a length of 230 mm, a butterfly 114 mm, and a thickness of 60 mm. Clay floor bricks. In the manufacturing method of clay bottom brick which is dried and calcined after extrusion molding or after press molding, the through-holes are formed by passing through the core for forming a hole at the time of extrusion, immediately after extrusion, or at the time of press molding, and then cut into a desired size. A method of manufacturing a water-permeable clay brick having a water permeability, characterized in that the sealing and shrinking the through-holes formed on the surface and the back or the bottom of the floor brick, followed by drying and firing. In the manufacturing method of clay bottom brick which is dried and calcined after extrusion molding or press molding, after forming the through-hole by passing the through-hole core during extrusion, immediately after extrusion, or during press molding, the bottom brick is immersed in the clay slurry needle wall. The method of manufacturing a water-permeable clay brick having a water permeability, characterized in that the sealing and shrinking the through-holes formed on the surface and the back or the surface and then dried and calcined. In the manufacturing method of clay bottom brick which is dried and calcined after extrusion molding or press molding, the through-hole is formed by passing through the core for forming the hole at the time of extrusion, immediately after extrusion or after pressure molding, and cut to a desired size, and then the surface of the molded body And a method of manufacturing a clay permeable brick having water permeability, which is attached to the surface or surface of the airtight sealing clay plate and then dried and calcined. 8. A method for producing a permeable clay bottom brick according to any one of claims 5 to 7, wherein the size of the through hole is 3.5 to 5.0 mm in diameter. The method for producing a water-permeable clay brick according to any one of claims 5 to 7, wherein the material of the molded body is 30 parts by weight of coal ash based on 100 parts by weight of the mixture of clay and kaolin. .