KR20010027769A - Apparatus and method for manufacturing clay bricks - Google Patents
Apparatus and method for manufacturing clay bricks Download PDFInfo
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- KR20010027769A KR20010027769A KR1019990039676A KR19990039676A KR20010027769A KR 20010027769 A KR20010027769 A KR 20010027769A KR 1019990039676 A KR1019990039676 A KR 1019990039676A KR 19990039676 A KR19990039676 A KR 19990039676A KR 20010027769 A KR20010027769 A KR 20010027769A
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- brick
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- clay
- pins
- molded body
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B3/00—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor
- B28B3/20—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein the material is extruded
- B28B3/26—Extrusion dies
- B28B3/2672—Means for adjusting the flow inside the die, e.g. using choke means
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B3/00—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor
- B28B3/20—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein the material is extruded
- B28B3/22—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein the material is extruded by screw or worm
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B3/00—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor
- B28B3/20—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein the material is extruded
- B28B3/26—Extrusion dies
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B3/00—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor
- B28B3/20—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein the material is extruded
- B28B3/26—Extrusion dies
- B28B3/2681—Adjustable dies, e.g. for altering the shape of the product
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C1/00—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings
- E04C1/24—Elements for building-up floors, ceilings, roofs, arches, or beams
Abstract
Description
본 발명은 건축용의 벽돌을 제조하기 위한 장치 및 방법에 관한 것으로, 특히 점토를 주원료로 사용하여 자연석이 쪼개어져 생긴 것과 같은 자연스런 표면질감을 지닌 미려한 외관의 벽돌을 경제적으로 용이하게 제조해낼 수 있는 점토 벽돌 제조 장치 및 방법에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to an apparatus and method for manufacturing brick for building, and in particular, clay, which can economically and easily manufacture a brick having a beautiful surface texture with a natural surface texture such as a natural stone split using clay as a main raw material. A brick manufacturing apparatus and method.
일반적으로 점토 벽돌 제조 공정은 점토를 주성분으로 하여 벽돌원료를 만드는 제토 공정과 성형, 건조, 적재, 소성, 포장 등의 공정들로 이루어지며, 그중 성형 공정에 있어서는 벽돌원료를 압출성형기를 통해 압출시켜 목적하는 벽돌로 성형하게 된다. 이때 성형되는 벽돌의 크기 및 형상은 상기 압출성형기 선단에 결합설치되는 압출금형에 의해 결정되는데, 대개는 상기 압출금형의 윗부분에 접해 나오는 면이 표면(사용면)측이 되도록 하여 벽돌이 압출성형되고, 성형된 벽돌의 윗면에 별도의 작업으로 무늬를 넣거나 유약을 뿌리거나 또는 모래 등을 뿌리거나 하여 여러 가지 다양한 표면모양의 벽돌을 만들고 있으며, 특히 근래에는 완성품의 벽돌을 다시 표면만 쪼아 내어 자연석이 쪼개어져 생긴 것과 같은 표면질감을 유발시킨 벽돌을 만들고 있다. 그러나, 이 방법은 완성품의 벽돌에 대해 다시 표면을 쪼아 내는 별도의 작업을 가하여야 하므로 제조비용이 많이 소요되면서 생산성이 떨어지는 문제점이 있고, 특히 인위적인 작업에 의해 위와 같은 표면질감을 부여하는 것이므로 자연미가 떨어지는 단점이 있다.In general, the clay brick manufacturing process consists of a clay process which mainly uses clay as a main ingredient, and processes such as molding, drying, loading, firing, and packaging. Among the molding processes, the brick raw material is extruded through an extruder. It is molded into the desired brick. In this case, the size and shape of the brick to be formed is determined by the extrusion mold coupled to the tip of the extruder, and usually the brick is extruded so that the surface coming into contact with the upper portion of the extrusion mold is the surface (use surface) side. By putting a pattern, glazing, or sand on the upper surface of the molded brick as a separate work, various types of surface-shaped bricks are made. He is making a brick that causes the same texture as the split. However, this method requires a separate work of scraping the surface of the finished brick again, which requires a lot of manufacturing cost and thus reduces productivity. In particular, natural beauty is provided because the above-described surface texture is provided by artificial work. There is a downside to falling.
본 발명은 상술한 바와 같은 종래의 문제점을 효과있게 해소하여 뛰어난 자연미를 제공하는 표면질감을 지닌 점토재의 벽돌을 저렴한 비용으로 용이하게 제조해낼 수 있는 장치와 방법을 제공하고자 연구발명된 것이다.The present invention has been researched to provide an apparatus and method that can easily manufacture a brick of a clay material having a surface texture to provide an excellent natural beauty by effectively solving the conventional problems as described above.
도1은 본 발명에 따른 장치의 전체 구성개요도,1 is a general configuration diagram of an apparatus according to the present invention;
도2는 본 발명의 장치중 압출금형의 단면도,Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the extrusion mold of the apparatus of the present invention,
도3은 상기 압출금형의 정면도,3 is a front view of the extrusion mold,
도4는 상기 장치를 통해 성형된 벽돌성형체의 분할전의 상태를 보여 주는 사시도,4 is a perspective view showing a state before the division of the brick molded body formed through the apparatus;
도5는 도4의 벽돌성형체를 중앙 절개부 양측으로 분할한 상태를 보여 주는 사시도.FIG. 5 is a perspective view illustrating a state in which the brick molded body of FIG. 4 is divided into both sides of a central cutout. FIG.
* 도면중 주요부분에 대한 부호의 설명 *Explanation of symbols on the main parts of the drawings
10 : 압출성형기 11 : 투입구 12 : 토출부10 extruder 11 inlet 12 discharge part
13 : 압출스크류우 20 : 압출금형 21 : 압출구13: extrusion screw 20: extrusion mold 21: extrusion port
30a,30b : 핀 31a,31b : 조정너트 40 : 벽돌성형체30a, 30b: Pin 31a, 31b: Adjustment nut 40: Brick molded body
41a,41b : 절개부 42 : 절개부사이의 부분41a, 41b: incision 42: portion between incisions
50 : 벽돌 51 : 요철면50: brick 51: uneven surface
상기의 목적을 달성하기 위한 본 발명은 압출성형기의 선단부에 결합설치되는 압출금형의 중앙적소에 가르개 핀을 설치하여 이 압출금형을 통해 나오는 벽돌성형체의 중앙일부가 상기 핀으로 인해 미리 갈라져 있도록 만들고 이와 같이 그 중앙일부가 미리 갈라져 있는 상태로 압출성형된 벽돌성형체가 그 성형 작업이나 건조, 적재, 소성 등의 작업중에는 두 쪽이 나지 않다가 소성후 포장 작업시나 사용시 등에 작은 충격을 가하는 것만으로 두 쪽의 벽돌로 쉽게 쪼개어지면서 그 쪼개어진 면에서 자연석이 쪼개어져 생긴 면과 같은 매우 자연스런 표면질감이 표출되도록 하는 것을 특징으로 하는 점토 벽돌 제조 장치 및 방법을 제공한다.The present invention for achieving the above object is to install a split pin in the center of the extrusion mold to be coupled to the front end of the extruder to make a part of the central part of the brick molding coming out through the extrusion mold due to the pin in advance As such, the brick molded body extruded with its central portion parted in advance is not divided in two during the molding work, drying, loading, firing, etc. The present invention provides a clay brick manufacturing apparatus and method, characterized in that a very natural surface texture such as a surface formed by splitting a natural stone in the split surface is easily broken.
이하에서, 본 발명을 첨부도면에 예시된 실시예를 참조하여 더욱 상세히 설명한다.Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the embodiments illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
도1은 본 발명에 따른 장치의 전체적인 구성개요를 보여 주는데, 여기에서 부호 10은 그 몸통 일측의 투입구(11)로부터 투입된 벽돌원료를 몸통 타측의 토출구(12)쪽으로 압출시켜 내도록 된 압출성형기를 나타내며, 이 압출성형기(10)의 내부중심에는 상기 투입구(11)에서 토출구(12)쪽으로 원료의 압송작용을 일으키기 위한 압출스크류우(13)가 설치되어 있다.Figure 1 shows the overall configuration of the apparatus according to the present invention, wherein reference numeral 10 denotes an extruder for extruding the brick raw material injected from the inlet 11 of one side of the body toward the outlet 12 of the other side of the body. In the inner center of the extruder 10, an extruded screw 13 for causing the raw material to be fed from the inlet 11 to the outlet 12 is provided.
상기 압출성형기(10)의 토출부(12)에는 압출금형(20)이 결합설치되는데, 이 압출금형(20)은 도2,도3에 예시된 바와 같이 그 압출성형기(10)쪽 결합단부에서 외단부쪽으로 갈수록 점차 좁아지는 구경을 가지도록 하여 형성되고, 그 좁아진 외단부에는 통상의 직육면체 벽돌 두 장을 좌우로 붙여 놓은 것과 같은 형상 및 크기의 압출구(21)가 형성구비되어 있다. 나아가서, 상기와 같이 구성된 압출금형(20)의 중앙부 적소에는 한 쌍의 가르개 핀(30a)(30b)이 상하로 서로 마주보게 하여, 그리고 조정너트(31a)(31b)를 통해 각각 높이조정이 가능하도록 하여 결합설치되어 있다.An extrusion mold 20 is coupled to the discharge part 12 of the extruder 10, and the extrusion mold 20 is coupled to the extruder 10 side as illustrated in FIGS. 2 and 3. It is formed to have a diameter gradually narrower toward the outer end portion, the narrow outer end portion is formed with an extrusion port 21 having the same shape and size as the two rectangular cuboid bricks left and right. Furthermore, the pair of split pins 30a and 30b face each other up and down in the central portion of the extrusion mold 20 configured as described above, and the height adjustments are made through adjustment nuts 31a and 31b, respectively. It is installed so that it is possible.
상기의 장치를 사용한 벽돌성형 방법을 설명해 보면, 도1과 같이 장치를 설치한 상태에서 벽돌원료인 약 70%의 점토와 약 30%의 모래를 혼합하고 전체 수분이 약 20% 정도가 되게 혼수 혼련한 후 이를 상기 투입구(11)를 통해 압출성형기(10)내부로 투입하여 압출스크류우(13)의 작용으로 압출금형(20)쪽으로 고압 토출시킨다. 이와 같이 하여 압출금형(20)의 압출구(21)를 통해 성형되어 나온 후 적정 길이로 절단된 벽돌성형체(40)는 도4에서 보는 바와 같이 벽돌원료가 상기 압출금형(20) 내부를 통과할 때 이 압출금형(20)의 중앙부 상하에 설치된 핀(30a)(30b)의 작용으로 인한 절개부(41a)(41b)가 벽돌성형체(40)의 중앙일부에 형성되어 있게 된다. 이때, 상기 핀(30a)(30b)들의 작용으로 인해 벽돌성형체(40)에 생기는 절개부(41a)(41b)가 너무 깊이 형성되어 벽돌성형체(40)가 너무 쉽게 갈라지거나 혹은 너무 얕게 형성되어 무리한 힘을 가하지 않고는 잘 갈라지지 않게 되는 현상이 일어 나지 않도록 상기 핀(30a)(30b)들의 굵기 및 이들 사이의 간격을 적합하게 조정해 놓도록 한다. 위와 같이 하여 만들어진 벽돌성형체(40)를 건조한 후 약 1000∼1200℃ 정도의 내부온도가 유지되는 가마내에서 소성한다. 이러한 소성 및 소성후 상온 냉각과정에서 상기 벽돌성형체(40)는 그 절개부(41a)(41b) 주위에서 일어나는 팽창, 수축작용으로 인해 상기 절개부(41a)(41b) 양측으로 쉽게 분리될 수 있는 상태가 된다. 이와 같이 하여 완성된 벽돌성형체(40)는 예컨대 포장작업시 등과 같은 추후의 취급과정에서 적정의 충격을 가하는 것에 의해 상기 절개부(41a)(41b)를 중심으로 하여 도5에 예시된 바와 같은 두 장의 벽돌(50)로 쉽게 쪼개어지게 되고, 이때 상기 절개부(41a)(41b) 사이의 부분(42)이 쪼개어져 생기는 면은 단순 평탄면으로 되지 않고 돌이 쪼개어질 때와 같은 불규칙한 요철부분들이 다량 발생된 요철면(51)으로 되어 그 요철면(51)으로 인한 매우 자연스런 표면질감을 주는 벽돌(50)이 얻어지게 되는 것이다.Referring to the brick forming method using the above device, as shown in Figure 1 in the state in which the device is installed, mixing about 70% clay and 30% sand as a brick raw material and let the water mixed about 20% Then it is introduced into the extrusion molding machine 10 through the inlet 11 to discharge the high pressure toward the extrusion mold 20 by the action of the extrusion screw (13). In this way, the brick molded body 40 that is molded through the extrusion hole 21 of the extrusion mold 20 and cut to an appropriate length may pass through the inside of the extrusion mold 20 as shown in FIG. 4. At this time, the cut portions 41a and 41b due to the action of the pins 30a and 30b provided above and below the center portion of the extruded mold 20 are formed in the central portion of the brick molding 40. At this time, due to the action of the pins 30a and 30b, the cut portions 41a and 41b formed in the brick molded body 40 are formed too deep, so that the brick molded body 40 is easily broken or formed too shallowly. The thickness of the pins 30a and 30b and the spacing therebetween are appropriately adjusted so that they do not easily break without applying force. The brick molded body 40 made as described above is dried and then fired in a kiln in which an internal temperature of about 1000 to 1200 ° C. is maintained. During the calcination and cooling at room temperature, the brick molded body 40 can be easily separated from both sides of the cut portions 41a and 41b due to the expansion and contraction action occurring around the cut portions 41a and 41b. It becomes a state. The brick molded body 40 thus completed is subjected to an appropriate impact, such as illustrated in Fig. 5, by applying an appropriate impact in a later handling process, such as during a paving operation. The masonry 50 is easily split, and the surface formed by splitting the portion 42 between the cut portions 41a and 41b does not become a simple flat surface, but a large amount of irregular irregularities such as when the stone is split. The uneven surface 51 is generated to give a brick 50 which gives a very natural surface texture due to the uneven surface 51.
상기와 같이 제조되는 벽돌(50)에 있어서 요철면(51)의 상하폭 및 형성위치는 상기 핀(30a)(30b)들간의 간격 및 그 간격의 위치를 적합하게 조정해 줌으로써 여러 가지로 다양하게 설정될 수 있으며, 또 상기 핀(30a)(30b)들의 압출금형(20)내 인입부위의 형상모양을 여러 가지로 달리해 주는 것에 의해 상기 벽돌(50)의 요철면(51)을 포함하는 표면측 면의 모양을 여러 가지로 달리해 줄 수 있다.In the brick 50 manufactured as described above, the upper and lower widths and the forming positions of the uneven surface 51 are variously adjusted by appropriately adjusting the spacing between the pins 30a and 30b and the positions of the spacings. The surface including the concave-convex surface 51 of the brick 50 may be set by varying the shape of the inlet portion in the extrusion mold 20 of the pins 30a and 30b. The shape of the side can be varied.
본 발명은 상기와 같이 압출성형기(10) 토출부의 압출금형(20) 내부에 가르개 핀(30a)(30b)들을 장치하여 이 핀(30a)(30b)들의 작용으로 한 장의 벽돌성형체(40)가 두장의 벽돌(50)로 쉽게 쪼개어지게 하면서 그 쪼개어진 면에 자연석이 쪼개어져 생긴 것과 같은 자연스런 표면질감의 요철면(51)이 생기도록 하는 것이다. 이러한 본 발명에 있어서, 상기 핀(30a)(30b)들을 굵고 가늘게 조절하거나 또는 길고 짧게 조절하여 장치함으로써 성형 및 건조 등의 과정에서는 상기 핀(30a)(30b)들로 인한 절개부(41a)(41b)의 면들이 서로 붙어 있다가 추후의 소성 및 소성후 냉각과정에서의 팽창, 수축현상으로 벽돌성형체(40)가 상기 절개부(41a)(41b) 양측으로 두 장의 벽돌(50)로 쉽게 쪼개어지도록 할 수 있다. 이때 상기 핀(30a)(30b)들을 너무 굵고 길게 할 경우 벽돌성형체(40)가 너무 쉽게 갈라져 벽돌 제조 작업 전반이 난해해지고, 그 반대일 경우는 벽돌성형체(40)에 과도한 충격을 가하여야 하게 되므로 파손 불량이 대량 발생할 수 있다. 그러므로, 만들고자 하는 벽돌의 크기와 형태에 따라 위와 같은 문제가 일어남이 없이 목적하는 벽돌을 쉽게 제조해낼 수 있도록 상기 핀(30a)(30b)들의 규격 및 이들사이의 간격을 적합하게 조절해 주어야 한다.The present invention is equipped with a pin pin 30a (30b) in the extrusion mold 20 inside the ejection part of the extrusion molding machine 10 as described above by the action of the pin 30a (30b) of a piece of brick molding 40 Is easily broken into two pieces of brick (50) is to make the uneven surface 51 of the natural surface texture such as the natural stone is split on the split surface. In the present invention, the pins (30a, 30b) by adjusting the coarse or thin or long and short adjustment device by forming the incision (41a) due to the pins (30a, 30b) in the process of molding and drying ( 41b) surfaces are attached to each other, and the brick molded body 40 is easily split into two pieces of bricks 50 on both sides of the cut portions 41a and 41b due to the expansion and contraction in the subsequent firing and cooling after the firing process. Can be lost. At this time, if the pins 30a and 30b are too thick and long, the brick molded body 40 is easily broken so that the overall brick manufacturing work becomes difficult, and in the opposite case, an excessive impact on the brick molded body 40 is required. Failure failures can occur in large quantities. Therefore, according to the size and shape of the brick to be made, it is necessary to adjust the size of the pins 30a and 30b and the distance therebetween so as to easily produce the desired brick without the above problems.
또, 상기 벽돌성형체(40)를 충분히 소성시켜 단단히 굳어지게 한 후 쪼개어야 원하는 표면질감의 벽돌(50)을 얻어낼 수 있으며, 소성전의 성형이나 건조 과정에서와 같이 충분히 굳어지지 않은 상태에서 벽돌성형체(40)를 쪼개면 요철면(51)이 불확실하게 형성되거나 자연미가 크게 떨어지게 된다.In addition, the brick molded body 40 may be sufficiently hardened and then hardened and then split to obtain a brick 50 having a desired surface texture. The brick molded body may not be sufficiently hardened as in the molding or drying process before firing. Splitting (40) causes the uneven surface 51 to be formed in an indeterminate manner or greatly degrades natural beauty.
따라서, 본 발명은 상술한 바와 같은 구성, 작용에 의해 점토를 주원료로 하는 점토 벽돌로서 자연석이 쪼개어져 생긴 것과 같은 매우 자연스런 표면질감을 지닌 벽돌을 경제적으로 용이하게 제조해낼 수 있도록 하여 주는 신규유용한 효과를 제공하는 것이다.Therefore, the present invention is a novel useful effect that makes it possible to economically easily manufacture a brick having a very natural surface texture, such as a natural stone is broken into clay brick as a main raw material by the configuration, action as described above. To provide.
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KR101832925B1 (en) | 2016-09-12 | 2018-03-02 | 주식회사 하우이씨엠 | Extruder |
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