KR20010006751A - non-mercury metal halide lamp - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: An anhydrous silver halide lamp is provided to obtain a long lamp life without causing a rise in the lamp voltage. CONSTITUTION: A pair of electrodes(3) are provided in an arc tube(1). I/S is 20 (A/mm2) or less on a condition that an area of a cross section at a tip of the electrodes(3) is S (mm2) and an operating current between the electrodes(3) is I(A). According to this constitution, the lamp is lighted without the blackening of the arc tube(1) by the evaporation of the electrodes while operation time becomes longer.

Description

Non-mercury metal halide lamp

The present invention relates to a mercury-free metal halide lamp used in the headlights of automobiles in combination with general lighting, reflectors and the like.

Conventional metal halide lamps contain a rare gas, a metal halide (solid), and mercury in a light emitting tube. Each of these inclusions has a rare gas mainly to facilitate the start of the lamp or to obtain a strong light output immediately after starting, the metal halides to obtain a suitable light output at stable lighting, and the mercury It is sealed to obtain a sufficiently high inter-electrode voltage (lamp voltage) required for operation.

In particular, by the inclusion of mercury, it is possible to obtain a high inter-electrode voltage for the lamp being lit, and therefore the lamp is lit with a small lamp current. As a result, the heat load (joint loss) of the electrode is suppressed to be small, and lighting is enabled for a long time of several thousand hours.

As a specific example of the conventional metal halide lamp, the lamp suitable for the headlight of the automobile shown, for example in Unexamined-Japanese-Patent No. 59-111244 is known. Hereinafter, a conventional metal halide lamp according to the publication will be described with reference to FIG.

In Fig. 12, 101 is a light emitting tube made of quartz, and 102 at both ends of the light emitting tube 101 are sealing parts. 103 is a pair of electrodes made of tungsten, 104 is molybdenum foil, and 105 is a lead wire made of molybdenum as a material. The electrode 103 is electrically connected to one end of the molybdenum foil 104 sealed to the sealing portion 102, and the lead wire 105 is electrically connected to the other end of the molybdenum foil 104.

In the light emitting tube 101, the tip of the electrode 103 is arranged such that the distance between the tips, and eventually the distance between the electrodes, is about 4.2 (mm). The inner volume of the light emitting tube 101 is about 0.03 (cc), and about 0.7 mg (about 1.1 mg / cc per unit of the light emitting tube) of mercury 106 and a total amount of about 0.3 mg (unit light emitting tube contents). A halide 107 composed of about 12.0 mg / cc) of sodium iodide, scandium iodide, and thorium iodide, and 0.7 MPa of xenon gas, although not shown in the figure, is sealed at room temperature.

The metal halide lamp as described above has a lamp voltage of about 70 to 80 V, for example, when lighted at a lamp power of about 35 W, the lamp current is about 0.4 to 0.5 A.

As a result of obtaining a high lamp voltage by mercury, the conventional metal halide lamp can be turned on with a small current, and therefore, the conventional metal halide lamp has a long life of about 2000 hours.

As mentioned above, the inclusion of mercury results in an increase in lamp voltage, thereby providing us with a long lamp life of up to several thousand hours.

On the other hand, however, a process of injecting mercury, which is a liquid at the time of manufacture, requires drawbacks such as a tendency of high production cost. Recently, metal halide lamps containing no mercury have been desired in consideration of the global environment.

However, when mercury is removed from the conventional metal halide lamp, the lamp voltage is reduced to about 25V. In this case, the lamp current during lighting is about 1.5 A, and about three times that of the conventional metal halide lamp in which mercury is enclosed. For this reason, the heat load (joint loss) of an electrode increases, and heat generation of an electrode becomes active. Therefore, the mercury-free lamp of the structure which removes only mercury from the conventional metal halide lamp has a subject that a light tube becomes black in only several tens of hours, and reaches a lifetime in a very short time. This problem is particularly remarkable in so-called short arc lamps having an arc length (inter electrode distance) of, for example, about 10 mm or less.

In view of the above, the present invention is a mercury-free metal halide lamp that can increase the lamp life by increasing the lamp voltage, and also to increase the luminous flux emitted by the lamp (or decrease the luminous flux) The purpose is to provide.

1 is a cross-sectional view showing a mercury-free metal halide lamp of Embodiments 1 and 2;

FIG. 2 is a graph showing the relationship between the loading amount of an indium iodide InI ₃ of + trivalent indium of a mercury-free metal halide lamp of Embodiment 1 and a lamp voltage;

3 is a graph showing the relationship between the sealing pressure of Xe and the lamp voltage of the mercury-free metal halide lamp of Embodiment 1;

4 is a graph showing the relationship between the sealing pressure of Xe and the total luminous flux of the mercury-free metal halide lamp of Embodiment 1;

5 is a graph showing the relationship between the amount of encapsulated iodide InI ₃ of + trivalent indium and the total luminous flux when the anhydrous mercury metal halide lamp of Embodiment 1 is turned on at a power of 45 W;

6 is a graph showing the relationship between the amount of encapsulated iodide InI ₃ of + trivalent indium and the total luminous flux when the mercury-free metal halide lamp of Embodiment 1 is turned on at a power of 35 W;

7 is a graph showing the relationship between the amount of thallium iodide encapsulated and the lamp voltage of the mercury-free metal halide lamp of Embodiment 2;

8 is a graph showing the relationship between the amount of thallium iodide encapsulated and the total luminous flux in the mercury-free metal halide lamp of Embodiment 2;

9 is a graph showing the relationship between the sealing pressure of Xe and the lamp voltage of the mercury-free metal halide lamp of Embodiment 2;

10 is a graph showing the relationship between the encapsulation pressure and the total luminous flux of Xe in the mercury-free metal halide lamp of Embodiment 2,

11 is a graph showing the lamp voltage and the luminous efficiency per distance between electrodes of Embodiments 1 and 2 and the conventional metal halide lamp;

12 is a cross-sectional view showing a conventional metal halide lamp.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is characterized in that at least a rare gas and a halide InX ₃ (X: halogen) of + trivalent indium are contained in the light emitting tube of the mercury-free metal halide lamp.

As a result, a high lamp voltage comparable to a metal halide lamp containing mercury can be obtained. In other words, the lamp voltage can be significantly increased as compared with the case of not containing InX ₃ or containing the halide InX of +1 valent indium. Therefore, since the current flowing through the lamp can be reduced, heat load to the electrode can be reduced, blackening of the light emitting tube due to scattering of the electrode can be suppressed, and long lamp life can be obtained.

In addition, while the rare gas contains at least Xe (xenon), the sealing pressure of the Xe is set to 0.1 MPa or more, more preferably 0.7 MPa or more, and 2.5 MPa or less at room temperature, and furthermore, halogen of thallium. By including the cargo, the lamp voltage can be further increased, and the total luminous flux can be increased. In particular, since the rate of increase of the lamp voltage with respect to the rate of increase of the Xe encapsulation pressure is larger than the case where + 1-valent indium halide InX is encapsulated, it is easy to make the lamp voltage higher by increasing the encapsulation pressure.

Furthermore, it is characterized by including a halide of scandium and a halide of sodium.

In addition, the encapsulation pressure of the rare gas, the encapsulation amount of the + trivalent indium halide, and the rated power of the lamp are such that the lamp voltage per distance between electrodes is 100 V / cm or more and the luminous efficiency is 601 m / W. It is characterized by being set.

In addition, the amount of the halide of + trivalent indium halide is characterized in that less than 90mg / cc per unit light tube.

Moreover, the rated power of the said lamp is set to 25W or more and 55W or less, It is characterized by the above-mentioned.

In addition, the halide of + trivalent indium is at least one of iodide or bromide.

As a result, it is possible to reliably increase the lamp voltage to lengthen the lamp life, to emit light of a large luminous flux, and to obtain a lamp suitable for use for automobile headlights, for example.

Detailed Description of the Preferred Embodiments

(Example 1)

EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION Below, Embodiment 1 of this invention is described. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a mercury-free metal halide lamp of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

In Fig. 1, 1 is a light emitting tube made of quartz, and 2 at both ends of the light emitting tube 1 is a sealing portion. 3 is a pair of electrodes made of tungsten, 4 is molybdenum foil, and 5 is a lead wire made of molybdenum as well. The electrode 3 is electrically connected to one end of the molybdenum foil 4 sealed to the sealing part 2, and the lead wire 5 is electrically connected to the other end of the molybdenum foil 4.

In the light emitting tube 1, the tip of the electrode 3 is arranged such that the distance between the tips, that is, the distance between the electrodes, is about 4.2 (mm).

The light tube 1 has an internal volume of about 0.025 (cc), and contains about 0.2 mg of + trivalent indium iodide (InI ₃ ) (about 8.0 mg / cc per unit light tube), and about 0.19. halide (7) consisting of mg scandium iodide (about 8.0 mg / cc per unit light tube content), about 0.16 mg of sodium iodide (about 6.4 mg / cc per unit light tube content), and not shown in the figure However, about 0.7 MPa of xenon gas is sealed at room temperature.

Compared with the structure of the conventional metal halide lamp, the feature of the large structure of the metal halide lamp of this embodiment is that it does not contain mercury, and that the indium iodide of indium which is encapsulated is + trivalent indium iodide InI ₃ . This mercury-free metal halide lamp is driven by a square wave voltage of, for example, 150 to 250 Hz.

A surprising thing in the mercury-free metal halide lamp of this embodiment in which the indium iodide InI ₃ of + trivalent indium is enclosed is that it operates at a very high lamp voltage even though it does not contain mercury. For example, the lamp voltage of the lamp of this embodiment when the lighting operation is performed at 45W lamp power is about 55V, and the lamp voltage when the lighting operation is performed at 35W lamp power is about 50V. In the lamp shown in the present embodiment, a lamp having a structure in which + trivalent indium iodide InI ₃ is removed can be obtained with only a lamp voltage of about 27 V even when the lamp is operated at a lamp power of 25 W to 50 W. Furthermore, even in the case where the anhydrous mercury metal halide lamp of the present embodiment replaces + trivalent indium iodide InI ₃ with + monovalent indium iodide InI, for example, during a lighting operation at a lamp power of 35 W, The lamp voltage is about 45V, which does not reach the lamp voltage of the lamp of this embodiment.

Since high lamp voltage is obtained by encapsulating InI ₃ in this manner, the lamp of the present embodiment can be turned on over several hundred hours or more without causing any change in actuality without blackening the light emitting tube.

In the above example, an anhydrous mercury metal halide lamp in which about 0.2 mg of + trivalent indium iodide InI ₃ (about 8.0 mg / cc per unit light tube content) is enumerated is illustrated as an example. It was found that a higher ramp voltage can be obtained by increasing the amount of encapsulated iodide InI ₃ of + trivalent indium, and therefore also has an advantageous effect on lifetime. Fig. 2 shows the increase in the amount of encapsulated iodide InI ₃ of + trivalent indium in the mercury-free metal halide lamp of the present embodiment, and the lamp voltage and + 3-valent value when the lamp is operated at a lamp power of 35 W or 45 W. a graph showing a relationship between the amount of the iodine encapsulated cargo InI ₃ of indium. The larger the amount of + trivalent indium iodide InI ₃ encapsulated, the higher the lamp voltage.

In addition, the synergistic effect of the lamp voltage due to the increase in the amount of the indium iodide InI ₃ of + trivalent indium is increased by the power of the lamp, the distance between the electrodes, the inner volume of the light emitting tube 1, the packing pressure of the Xe gas, and the scandium. It can be obtained regardless of the amount of iodide or sodium iodide, or the type or amount of other halides encapsulated with + trivalent indium iodide InI ₃ .

As shown in Fig. 3, when the encapsulation pressure of the xenon gas is increased, a higher lamp voltage is obtained. In addition, the rate of increase of the ramp voltage (inclination degree) with respect to the rate of increase of the encapsulation pressure is larger than that of the case in which + I-valent indium iodide InI is encapsulated, or InI ₃ or InI is not encapsulated. That is, the lamp voltage can be further increased by increasing the encapsulation pressure than when the InI ₃ is not encapsulated.

As shown in Fig. 4, when the encapsulation pressure of xenon gas is made high, the total luminous flux also increases substantially linearly. Fig. 4 shows the amount of the trivalent indium iodide InI ₃ in the relationship between the encapsulation pressure (room temperature conversion value) and the total luminous flux of xenon gas in the mercury-free metal halide lamp of the present embodiment lit with a lamp power of 45 W. This graph shows the parameters as. Surprisingly, in the mercury-free metal halide lamp of the present embodiment in which + trivalent indium iodide InI ₃ is encapsulated, the hot spot of the light emitting tube 1 according to the increase in the xenon gas encapsulation pressure (highest temperature portion: In other words, when the light emitting tube is kept horizontal and turned on, the temperature rise of the upper outer surface of the light emitting tube 1 is negligibly small, and thus the expansion of the light emitting tube 1 due to the increase in the encapsulation pressure of the xenon gas is increased. Unlikely

As described above, the anhydrous mercury metal halide lamp of the present embodiment in which at least xenon gas and + trivalent indium iodide InI ₃ is encapsulated in the light emitting tube 1 increases the encapsulation pressure of the xenon gas, and the temperature of the hot spot is almost increased. The total luminous flux increases without increasing, and when the iodide InI ₃ of indium trivalent is increased, the lamp voltage increases. And these effects are due to the lamp power, the distance between electrodes, the volume of the light emitting tube 1, the amount of iodide of scandium and of iodide of sodium, or of other halides enclosed with iodide InI ₃ of + trivalent indium. It is obtained regardless of other components such as type and quantity.

Here, the sealing pressure of xenon gas is demonstrated. In order to make a lamp suitable for practical use, in the mercury-free metal halide lamp shown in this embodiment, it is preferable to set the upper limit of the sealing pressure of xenon gas to about 2.5 MPa (room temperature conversion value). In the case of the sealing of about 2.5 MPa or more, in the structure of the mercury-free metal halide lamp of the present embodiment, the airtight inside the light emitting tube 1 leaks from the vicinity of the connection portion between the electrode 3 and the molybdenum foil 4 during the lighting operation. It is because it becomes high and it is not preferable. The upper limit of the sealing pressure of a more preferable xenon gas is about 2.0 MPa. On the other hand, the lower limit is preferably about 5 to 20 KPa in which a lamp is easily started. However, when using the mercury-free metal halide lamp of this invention as a light source for automobile headlights which requires a rise of light in a short time, the lower limit is more preferably about 0.1 MPa. In addition, it is suppressed to less reduction in light flux due to the inclusion of InI ₃ and, in order to reinforce or more preferable to set to at least 0.7 MPa, or 1MPa.

Next, the sealing amount and luminous flux of the + trivalent indium iodide InI ₃ are demonstrated. In the mercury-free metal halide lamp of the present invention, the amount of encapsulated indium iodide InI ₃ of + trivalent indium is set to a larger configuration, and a higher lamp voltage can be obtained, which is advantageous in terms of life. When the mercury-free lamp shown is used as a light source for automobile headlights, the amount of the indium iodide InI ₃ of + trivalent indium is preferably less than about 90.0 mg / cc per unit light tube content in the following points.

That is, halogen lamps, which are widely used for automobile headlights, have a total luminous flux of about 1100 (lm) with a power consumption of 55 W. In contrast, as shown in FIG. 5, the lamp of the present invention has only 45 W of electric power when the amount of indium iodide InI ₃ of + trivalent indium is less than about 90.0 mg / cc per unit light emitting tube. This is because more luminous flux is obtained than that of the halogen bulb, which is more economical. Fig. 5 shows the relationship between the total luminous flux and the loading amount of indium iodide InI ₃ of + trivalent indium in the mercury-free metal halide lamp of this embodiment, which is lit with a lamp power of 45 W; ) Is a graph shown as a parameter. In Fig. 5, when the encapsulation pressure of xenon gas is 2.5 MPa (room temperature conversion value) of the maximum allowable in the mercury-free lamp of the present embodiment, the encapsulation amount of indium iodide InI ₃ of + trivalent indium is about about the volume of the light-emitting tube. The luminous flux of 1100 (lm) or more is obtained at 90.0 mg / cc or less. When the encapsulation pressure of the xenon gas is set lower than that, for example, when the maximum pressure of the more preferable xenon gas that is acceptable in the configuration of the mercury-free lamp of the present embodiment is 2.0 MPa (room temperature conversion value), the mercury-free mercury of the present invention In the metal halide lamp, the upper limit of the amount of the indium iodide InI ₃ of + trivalent indium which is preferable for obtaining luminous flux of about 1100 (lm) or more is about 70.0 mg / cc per light tube content. That is, when the xenon gas has an encapsulation pressure of 2.0 MPa, a light flux of about 1100 (lm) or more can be obtained if the encapsulation amount is about 70.0 mg / cc or less per light tube content, which is more economical than that of a halogen bulb.

Similarly, Fig. 6 shows the relationship between the total luminous flux and the loading amount of indium iodide InI ₃ of + trivalent indium in the mercury-free metal halide lamp of the present embodiment, which is lit with a lamp power of 35 W. Value) is a graph shown as a parameter. The amount of the indium iodide InI ₃ of + trivalent indium is made less than about 50.0 mg / cc per unit light tube, and more light is obtained than conventional halogen bulbs with only 35 W of power, making it more economical. . When the encapsulation pressure of xenon gas is 2.5 MPa (room temperature conversion value), the luminous flux of about 1100 (lm) or more is obtained when the amount of indium iodide InI ₃ of + trivalent indium is about 50.0 mg / cc or less per light tube content. . When the encapsulation pressure of xenon gas is low, for example, in the case of 2.0 MPa (room temperature conversion value), the upper limit of the preferred amount of indium iodide InI ₃ of + trivalent indium is about 40.0 mg / cc per light tube content. With the following encapsulation amount, the luminous flux of about 1100 (lm) or more is obtained, making it more economical than the halogen bulb.

As described above, in the constitution of the mercury-free metal halide lamp of the present invention, the upper limit of 2.5 MPa is filled with xenon gas at an appropriate pressure, and the upper limit is about 90.0 mg / cc per light tube content. When the trivalent indium iodide InI ₃ is encapsulated, a high lamp voltage is obtained without fear of breaking the airtight in the light emitting tube 1 when the lamp is operated with a lamp power of approximately 25 W or more, thereby providing a long service life. It is a so-called light source for headlights for automobiles that generates more luminous flux than halogen bulbs, and is an optimum mercury-free metal halide lamp.

Regarding the lamp power, the more luminous flux is obtained as the mercury-free lamp of the present embodiment lights up with a larger lamp power. However, in the use range called an automobile headlight, the upper limit of the power consumption of the mercury-free lamp of this embodiment is actually about 55W. This is because lighting in a range exceeding the power consumption of the conventional halogen bulb is not desirable in a parenteral manner.

Next, the light color of the mercury-free metal halide lamp of the present embodiment will be described.

In the mercury-free metal halide lamp of the present embodiment, an appropriate amount of + trivalent indium is sealed with 2.5 MPa as an upper limit and an xenon gas at an appropriate pressure, and an upper limit of about 90.0 mg / cc per light tube content. In the case where the iodine InI ₃ is sealed, and the light is turned on at a power of approximately 25 W to 55 W, the light color of the mercury-free lamp of the present embodiment is the HID light source for automobile headlights of the Japan Electric Light Industry Association standard (JEL 215). It was confirmed that the chromaticity range of the white light source that is specified as. That is, by setting the type and amount of the inclusion containing iodide InI ₃ of + trivalent indium and the rated power as described above, for example, the chromaticity point of the emitted light of the lamp is determined by the CIE1931xy chromaticity diagram.

x ≥ 0.310,

x ≤ 0.500,

y ≤ 0.150 + 0.640x,

y ≤ 0.440

y ≥0.050 + 0.750x,

y ≥0.382 (but x ≥0.44)

It is possible to make the chromaticity range of. Therefore, the anhydrous mercury metal halide lamp of this embodiment in terms of the sealing pressure of the xenon gas in the limited range as described above, the loading amount of the indium iodide InI ₃ of + trivalent indium, and the lamp power is completely used as a light source for an automobile headlight. Can be used.

(Embodiment 2)

EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION Below, Embodiment 2 of this invention is described. The structural configuration of this lamp is the same as that of the lamp of Embodiment 1 shown in FIG. 1, except that the pressure of the sealed halide 7 and the xenon gas sealed is about 1.4 MPa at room temperature. That is, halide (7) is about 0.1 mg of + trivalent indium iodide InI ₃ (about 4.0 mg / cc per unit light tube content) and about 0.1 mg of thallium iodide TlI per unit light tube content About 4.0 mg / cc), about 0.19 mg of scandium iodide (about 8.0 mg / cc per unit light tube) and about 0.16 mg of sodium iodide (about 6.4 mg / cc per unit light tube) have.

Compared with the structure of the conventional metal halide lamp, the feature of the large structure of the metal halide lamp of this embodiment is that it does not contain mercury as in Embodiment 1, and that the indium iodide of indium encapsulated is + in addition to being of a trivalent of indium iodide InI _3, in addition, the fact that the thallium iodide is enclosed.

A surprising thing in the mercury-free metal halide lamp of this embodiment is that it does not contain mercury, but it is turned on at a very high lamp voltage. FIG. 7 shows the change in the lamp voltage when the amount of thallium iodide (TlI) is changed and lit at 35 W as in the first embodiment. When thallium iodide (TlI) is added, the lamp voltage increases dramatically, and when the amount to be added is large, it further rises. For example, the lamp voltage when the lamp is operated with a lamp power of 35W is about 70V. Since a high lamp voltage is thus obtained, the lamp of the present embodiment can be turned on over hundreds of hours or more without causing any change in virtually without blackening the light emitting tube.

More surprisingly, when the lamp of this embodiment is lit at 35W, for example, a very large luminous flux of 3250 (lm) can be obtained. FIG. 8 shows a change in the luminous flux when the amount of thallium iodide (TlI) enclosed in the lamp is changed and lit at 35 W in the same manner as in the first embodiment. As shown in the figure, a large luminous flux can be obtained by adding thallium iodide (TlI), and the luminous flux increases further when the amount of encapsulation of thallium iodide is increased.

The increase in the lamp voltage and the increase in the luminous flux due to the increase in the amount of thallium iodide (TlI) is increased by the lamp power, the distance between the electrodes, the volume of the light emitting tube 1, the Xe gas loading pressure, and the scandium iodide. It is obtained irrespective of other components such as the amount of sodium iodide or the type or amount of other halides encapsulated with thallium iodide.

Further, it was found that increasing the pressure of the enclosed xenon (Xe) gas further increased the lamp voltage and luminous flux. 9 and 10 show the relationship between the sealing pressure of Xe and the lamp voltage or luminous flux when lit at 35W. As shown in these figures, it is understood that the lamp voltage and the luminous flux increase as the Xe pressure increases. However, the encapsulation pressure of xenon gas is 2.5 MPa or less, more preferably 2.0 MPa or less, 5 to 20 KPa or more, more preferably about 0.1 MPa or more, and more preferably 0.7 as described in Embodiment 1 It is desirable to set it to MPa or 1 MPa or more from the viewpoint of airtight maintenance and easy starting.

As described above, the anhydrous mercury metal halide lamp of the present embodiment in which at least xenon gas, + trivalent indium iodide InI ₃ and thallium iodide is encapsulated in the light emitting tube 1, the thallium iodide iodide as described above. Increasing increases the lamp voltage and total luminous flux, and increases the lamp voltage and total luminous flux even when the encapsulation pressure of xenon gas is increased. In addition, this effect may include other configurations such as lamp power, distance between electrodes, the volume of the light emitting tube 1, the amount of iodide and sodium iodide of scandium, or the type or amount of other halides encapsulated with thallium iodide. Obtained regardless of the element.

Therefore, in the structure of the mercury-free metal halide lamp of the present embodiment, xenon gas at a suitable pressure is sealed with 2.5 MPa as an upper limit, and indium iodide and thallium iodide, which are + trivalent indium iodide, are enclosed. In this case, a high lamp voltage is obtained, and therefore, an optimum mercury free metal halide lamp is used as a so-called light source for automobile headlamps which has a long service life and generates more luminous flux than a halogen bulb.

Regarding the lamp power, as in the first embodiment, the more luminous flux is obtained as the lamp power is turned on with a larger lamp power. However, in the use range called an automobile headlight, the upper limit of the power consumption of the mercury-free lamp of this embodiment is actually about 55W. Because lighting in the range beyond the power consumption of the conventional halogen bulb is uneconomical and not very desirable.

In the same manner as in Embodiment 1, in the mercury-free metal halide lamp of the present embodiment, xenon gas at an appropriate pressure was sealed at an upper limit of 2.5 MPa, and about 90.0 mg / cc per light tube content. When the upper limit is set as the upper limit, an appropriate amount of + trivalent indium iodide InI ₃ and thallium iodide are encapsulated, and when the light is turned on at a power of approximately 25 W to 55 W, the light color of the mercury-free lamp of the present embodiment Confirmed that it was in the chromaticity range of the white light source, which is specified as the HID light source (JEL 215) for automobile headlights of the Japan Bulb Industry Association standard. That is, the chromaticity point of the radiated light of the lamp is set at CIE1931xy chromaticity diagram by setting the type and amount of inclusions containing + trivalent indium iodide InI ₃ and thallium iodide and the rated power as described above, for example.

x ≥ 0.310,

x ≤ 0.500,

y ≤ 0.150 + 0.640x,

y ≤ 0.440

y ≥0.050 + 0.750x,

y ≥0.382 (but x ≥0.44)

It is possible to make the chromaticity range of. Therefore, in the above-mentioned limited range of xenon gas encapsulation pressure, + trivalent indium iodide InI ₃ encapsulation, and lamp power, the mercury-free metal halide lamp of this embodiment is used as a light source for automobile headlights. It is completely usable.

Comparison of lamp voltage and luminous flux between the lamp of Embodiment 1. 2 (InI ₃ or a lamp in which InI ₃ and TlI are enclosed), a lamp in which InI is enclosed, and a lamp in which neither InI ₃ or InI is also enclosed Are summarized below (Table 1). 11 shows lamp voltages and luminous efficiency (total luminous flux per lamp power) per electrode distance between these lamps and conventional lamps. As shown in the figure, the inclusion of + trivalent indium iodide InI ₃ as an encapsulation product results in a lamp voltage of 100 V / cm or more and 601 m / W or more (an oblique region in the figure). Can be obtained. As for the voltage rise effect by the inclusion of InI ₃ is InI and InI ₃ even if, based on the lamp (copper lamp A in the figure) that are not sealed, InI ₃ is filled with the rise of the lamp voltage of a lamp (lamp B) The precision (solid line arrow P) becomes larger than the degree of increase (dashed line arrow Q) of the lamp voltage of the lamp (lamp C) in which InI is sealed. Further, when the sealing pressure of Xe is high (1.4 MPa) with respect to the lamp B sealed with InI ₃ (solid arrow R, lamp D), the lamp voltage is increased (solid arrow R), but the rising degree is InI. In addition, when the sealing pressure of Xe is increased in the lamp A which is not filled with InI ₃ (dashed arrow S, lamp E), it becomes considerably larger. In particular, for example, to the total luminous flux of substantially the same degree of light A does not include a InI ₃ by setting the like enclosed amount of InI _3, such as a lamp D (light emitting efficiency), and 140V for distance per lamp voltage between the electrode / It can be made easy to make cm or more, and a general inexpensive driving circuit can be used. In addition, when thallium iodide (TlI) is encapsulated in addition to InI ₃ , the lamp voltage can be further increased and the luminous efficiency can be increased.

As described above, at least + trivalent indium halide InX ₃ (X: halogen), a rare gas, and further, a halide of thallium are encapsulated in a light emitting tube, and a mercury-free metal halide is composed of a mercury free metal halide lamp. It is possible to obtain a high lamp voltage comparable to the lamp, and thus it is possible to provide a mercury free metal halide lamp with a very long lifetime. InI ₃ also tends to evaporate more easily than InI, so that starting is easy. The upper limit of 2.5 MPa is filled with xenon gas at an appropriate pressure, and the upper limit is about 90.0 mg / cc per light tube volume, and a suitable amount of + trivalent indium halide InX ₃ and further, thallium halide When the electric power is turned on between about 25 W and 55 W, the light color of the mercury-free lamp of the present invention is the white light source of the HID light source (JEL 215) for automobile headlamps of the Japan Bulb Industry Association standard. It is in the chromaticity range and generates more luminous flux with less power than halogen bulbs. In this regard, the mercury-free metal halide lamp of the present invention means that it can be completely replaced by halogen bulbs, thus greatly contributing to biomass and bioenergy, and providing the user with great economic and global environmental benefits. can do.

In the second embodiment, a mercury-free lamp in which thallium iodide is encapsulated is described as an example, but may be thallium bromide (TlBr) or thallium chloride (TlCl). Alternatively, the Tl metal and the halogen may be separately stored.

In addition, the shape of each embodiment has been described for a mercury-free lamp sealing a +3 valent indium iodide InI ₃ of example, indium iodide InI in the +3 valence ₃ may be a valence of +3 indium bromide InBr _3, + 3-valent Indium iodide InI ₃ and + trivalent indium bromide InBr ₃ may be used.

In addition, the + trivalent indium iodide InI ₃ may be divided into the + monovalent indium iodide InI and iodine I ₂ and enclosed in the light emitting tube 1. Also in the case of encapsulating + trivalent indium bromide InBr ₃ , similarly, the + trivalent indium bromide InBr and bromine Br _{2 may} be divided and encapsulated in the light emitting tube 1. + Monovalent indium iodide InI and bromine Br ₂ are encapsulated in the light emitting tube 1, and + trivalent indium iodide InI ₃ and + trivalent indium bromide InBr _{3 are} both contained in the light emitting tube 1 You can also create from. In addition, halogen such as InI (or InBr) and AgI (or AgBr) may be encapsulated with a halide which is easily separated at high temperature. That is, substantially InX _y (X is iodine or bromine, y> 1) may be included in the enclosure.

In addition to the xenon gas and the + trivalent indium iodide InI ₃ , a lamp composed of scandium iodide and sodium iodide has been described as an example, but scandium iodide and sodium iodide may be composed of other metal halides. Does not matter.

For example, scandium iodide may be scandium bromide, and sodium iodide may be sodium bromide. In addition, scandium and sodium may be an iodide or bromide of another metal such as thallium. Their sealing amount is not limited to the quantity shown by the lamp of this embodiment.

In addition, components other than the + trivalent indium halide or xenon gas, such as the distance between electrodes shown in the mercury-free lamp of each embodiment, the volume of the light emitting tube 1, the amount of scandium iodide and sodium iodide, etc. It is an example to the last, For example, the distance between electrodes may be 4.2 mm or more, and the inside volume of the light emitting tube 1 is not limited to 0.025cc.

In the above example, the xenon gas of about 0.7 MPa or 1.4 MPa is enclosed in the light emitting tube 1 at room temperature for the purpose of assisting starting. However, in consideration of the use as a headlamp of a car, the rare gas is suitable for the xenon gas. The rare gas may be a rare gas other than xenon gas, such as argon gas, and the encapsulation pressure is not limited to about 0.7 MPa at room temperature.

As mentioned above, although the example which was especially preferable for this invention was demonstrated in the said embodiment, such a detail is not a limitation and of course various modifications are possible. The metal halide lamp of this invention shown by this embodiment is an illustration, The scope of this invention is determined by a claim.

As described above, according to the present invention, at least + trivalent indium halide InX ₃ (X: halogen), a rare gas, and further, a halide of thallium are encapsulated in a light emitting tube, and mercury is formed by forming a mercury free metal halide lamp. It is possible to obtain a high lamp voltage comparable to the metal halide lamp included, and thus it is possible to provide a mercury free metal halide lamp with a very long lifetime. InI ₃ also tends to evaporate more easily than InI, so that starting is easy. The upper limit of 2.5 MPa is filled with xenon gas at an appropriate pressure, and the upper limit is about 90.0 mg / cc per light tube volume, and a suitable amount of + trivalent indium halide InX ₃ and further, thallium halide When the electric power is turned on between about 25 W and 55 W, the light color of the mercury-free lamp of the present invention is the white light source of the HID light source (JEL 215) for automobile headlamps of the Japan Bulb Industry Association standard. It is in the chromaticity range and generates more luminous flux with less power than halogen bulbs. In this regard, the mercury-free metal halide lamp of the present invention means that it can be completely replaced by halogen bulbs, thus greatly contributing to biomass and bioenergy, and providing the user with great economic and global environmental benefits. can do

Claims (9)

A mercury-free metal halide lamp comprising at least a rare gas and a halide of + trivalent indium in a light emitting tube. The method of claim 1, While the rare gas contains at least Xe (xenon), The Xe encapsulation pressure is 0.1 MPa or more, 2.5 MPa or less at room temperature, mercury-free metal halide lamp. The method of claim 2, The encapsulation pressure of the Xe is a mercury-free metal halide lamp, characterized in that more than 0.7MPa at room temperature. The method of claim 1, A mercury-free metal halide lamp further comprising a halide of thallium in the light tube. The method according to claim 1 or 4, The encapsulation pressure of the rare gas, the encapsulation amount of the + trivalent indium halide, and the rated power of the lamp are set such that the lamp voltage per distance between electrodes is 100 V / cm or more and the luminous efficiency is 601 m / W. Mercury-free metal halide lamp, characterized in that. The method according to claim 1 or 4, A mercury-free metal halide lamp further comprising at least one of a halide of scandium and a halide of sodium in the light emitting tube. The method of claim 1, The mercury-free metal halide lamp according to claim 1, wherein the amount of the indium halide of + trivalent indium is 90 mg / cc or less per unit light tube. The method according to claim 1 or 4, Mercury-free metal halide lamp, characterized in that the rated power of the lamp is set to 25W or more, 55W or less. The method according to claim 1 or 4, The halide of + trivalent indium is mercury-free metal halide lamp, characterized in that at least one of iodide or bromide.