KR20000074099A - Concrete electric pole having an earth electrode and manufacturing method of it - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A concrete electric pole is provided to obtain less ground resistor, to improve the reliability of power supply, and to prevent the falling of a thunderbolt and safety accidents. CONSTITUTION: A concrete electric pole comprises a cylindric earth electrode(20). The cylindric earth electrode(20) consists of a cylindric ground ring(21), three unit ground electrodes, and a ground electrode support(25). Each of the unit ground electrodes consists of needle ground electrodes(23) attached at a lower part of the ground ring(21). The ground electrode support(25) connects the unit ground electrodes.

Description

Concrete electric pole having an earth electrode and manufacturing method of it}

The present invention relates to a concrete pole and a method for forming a ground pole of the grounding pole, and in particular, the concrete pole has a predetermined shape of grounding poles in the inner or outer periphery of the lower pole of the pole is buried in the ground, easy to embed, The present invention relates to a method of forming an internal and external concrete pole and a grounding electrode that can be improved, does not require a separate grounding line buried work and management of a buried wire, can supply stable power of high quality, and can reduce costs.

Increasingly industrialized, informatized and urbanized, modern society is characterized by consuming a lot of energy in dense areas, and the stable supply of electric power used as clean energy, which is the most convenient to use, simple to transport, and free of pollution. It is an important factor throughout.

The stable supply of power, which is important energy, must not only be supplied stably from natural disasters such as lightning strikes, but also the quality of electricity must be guaranteed. Of course, it is necessary to secure the quality of power distribution lines that are directly connected to power consumers.

Good grounding is essential for this high-quality, reliable power supply, and grounding not only functions to protect humans from power and lightning, but also provides a reference potential in terms of power business and protects power equipment from lightning strikes. .

In addition, grounding not only plays a very important role as a path for return current in the event of a system failure, and as the information society accelerates, facilities such as facsimile or computer-based image information and the Internet are used. The damage and the amount of damage is relatively high, especially since these devices have a weak side to surge surges, and therefore, the importance of power quality is more important.

In addition, the power transmitted from the power plant to the substation is often delivered to the home through a pole transformer around the pole along the distribution line supporting the concrete pole, which is classified into underground lines and overhead lines, and underground lines supply relatively stable power. On the other hand, the construction cost is more than 10 times that of overhead lines, and the impact of accidents is high. Particularly, considering the aesthetics of the city, underground lines are preferable, but it is not easy to construct underground lines in existing cities that have already been formed.

The overhead lines mostly use concrete poles as supports.

Hereinafter, a configuration of a general concrete pole will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Figure 1a is a schematic diagram for explaining the upper structure of a typical concrete pole,

Figure 1b is a schematic diagram for explaining the ground line of the concrete pole according to the prior art.

First, referring to FIG. 1A, a processing branch line 1 is installed at the top of the concrete pole 100 to protect the pole and power lines from lightning strikes. The processing branch line 1 is connected to the ground rod 11 by the ground line 2. Grounding, the lower end of the processing ground wire (1) is also grounded is a ground (7), which is a support of metal supporting various insulators and lightning arresters, and the image is supported by the support insulator (5) The conductor 4 and the lightning arrester 6 grounded are provided.

Here, the conductor 4 transmits electric power to the transformer of the pole through the transformer and the breaker of the substation, and the arrester 6 is connected to the insulator 5 by the arrester lead wire 3, by the reverse flashover An overvoltage or surge invading the power line is discharged to the ground rod 11 through the arrester ground line 8 and the ground line inlet 10.

In addition, a neutral line 9 connected to the neutral line of the column transformer is installed while the transformer neutral point of the substation is continuously connected to the lower part of the completion 7, and in the case of Korea, which is a multi-ground system, the ground is grounded at a certain distance.

In the above, all metals except for the conductor 4, for example, the processing ground wire 1, the lightning arrester 6, the finishing material 7 and the neutral wire 9 at the top are all grounded in the pole, so that the reliability of the power supply and lightning strike To prevent and prevent accidents, this grounding is made by a grounding rod 11, as shown in FIG. 1B.

In the above concrete pole 100, the total length is 8-18m, about 1.4-2.5m of the total length is buried in the ground. The grounding rod 11 can be connected as a rod of copper cloth having a length of about 1m, and the depth of embedding is about 75cm so as to avoid freezing in the cold winter. .

The method of grounding concrete poles according to the prior art using the ground rods as described above has a complex problem because the ground rods should be installed at a distance of 2.5 m or more. In addition, the construction using ground rods can be installed in rural areas, but in the city center, it is difficult to dig a large area of soil because the entire city is made of concrete or asphalt.

In addition, since the information on the location of various facilities such as water pipes, gas pipes, and sewage pipes underground in the city is not accurate when the ground rods are buried, placing the ground rods may be in direct contact with other facilities. When installed on the street, ground rods and arcs may be caused by surge current, which makes it difficult to construct a safe ground. In the city center, there is a problem that the occurrence of power failure and the surge are not absorbed by the ground, thereby damaging the electrical equipment of the consumer.

In addition, even if the ground rods are installed, the ground resistance of 300Ω can be obtained by embedding one conventional grounding rod in the general soil of Korea, and the grounding resistance value larger than 150Ω can be obtained by using two grounding rods. Since it is impossible to obtain a ground resistance of 25 Ω or less, there is a problem in that it is more difficult to supply a stable power.

The present invention is to solve the above problems, an object of the present invention is to use a concrete pole built a predetermined shape of the ground pole, the construction of the construction is simple, preventing lightning accidents and safety accidents, supply of power The present invention provides a method of forming an internal and external concrete pole and a ground electrode for improving the reliability and at the same time obtaining a low ground resistance.

Figure 1a schematically shows a superstructure of a typical concrete pole

1b schematically illustrates a ground line of a concrete pole according to the prior art;

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram for explaining the built-in concrete pole pole built in accordance with the present invention

Figure 3 is a view showing an embodiment of the structure of a cylindrical ground electrode in the built-in concrete pole pole of Figure 2

Figure 4 is an enlarged perspective view of the ground ring and the needle ground electrode of FIG.

5 is a schematic view for explaining the structure of the steel structure requiring a ground, such as a transmission tower for supporting the transmission line

FIG. 6 is a schematic view for explaining a grounding method for preventing damage to ground resistance and lightning by using concrete having a low earth resistivity in the steel structure shown in FIG.

7 is an enlarged perspective view of the ground electrode shown in FIG.

8 is a view showing the installation state of the extrapolated ground electrode used in the foundation of the steel tower according to the present invention

9 is a flow chart of abnormal current in the built-in electrode pole concrete pole according to the invention

<Description of Signs of Major Parts of Drawings>

1: processing ground wire 2: ground wire

3: lightning arrester lead wire 4: conductor

5: support insulator 6: lightning arrester

7: completed 8: lightning arrester ground wire

9: neutral wire 10: ground wire inlet

11: ground rod 20: concrete recessed ground electrode

21: circular ground electrode 23: needle-type ground electrode

25: upper and lower ground electrode support 27: unit ground electrode

28: extrapolated ground electrode 29: auxiliary shell material of the support

31: plinth of the support 33: concrete foundation of the support

35: steel tower support 36: ground lead

37: circular ground electrode of the steel tower support 39: concentric round electrode

41: ground wire of a steel tower support

Ground pole embedded concrete pole according to the present invention for achieving the above object is characterized in that the built-in ground pole of a predetermined shape in the lower portion of the pole pole embedded in a certain depth of the concrete pole.

At this time, the grounding electrode is a cylindrical grounding electrode and a plurality of unit grounding electrodes consisting of a circular grounding ring and a needle-shaped grounding electrode which is attached to the lower portion of the grounding ring at regular intervals along the circumference thereof and spaced apart at regular intervals in the longitudinal direction. After that, it is formed of a support member for connecting each spaced unit ground electrode,

In addition, the ground electrode is concentrically arranged in a plurality of concentric circles of unit ground electrode consisting of a circular ground ring and a needle-shaped ground electrode attached to the lower portion of the ground ring at regular intervals along its circumference. .

In addition, the concrete pole of the present invention for achieving the above object,

In concrete pole of steel tower structure,

Characterized in that the grounding electrode is embedded around the iron tower foundation during the pole pole

In the above, the ground electrode is formed of a circular ground electrode.

In addition, the present invention for achieving the above object, in the method for forming a ground pole of concrete pole made of a steel tower structure,

After excavating the foundation of the steel tower, the grounding electrode is installed in the lower part, and then, the concrete structure is constructed to remove inconvenience caused when the grounding work after the construction of the steel tower.

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings with respect to the ground electrode built-in concrete pole of the present invention will be described in detail.

2 to 4 are views for explaining the ground pole for concrete pole according to the invention,

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram for explaining a grounding electrode embedded concrete pole according to the invention,

Figure 3 is a schematic diagram for explaining the cylindrical ground electrode in the ground electrode embedded concrete pole of Figure 2,

4 is a schematic view for explaining the ground ring and the needle ground electrode shown in FIG.

When the related drawings are described together, first, the cylindrical ground electrode 20 of the present invention is embedded in the lower end of the concrete pole 100. The cylindrical ground electrode 20 is a circular ground ring, as shown in FIG. A plurality of unit ground electrodes (27 in FIG. 4) coupled with the needle ground electrodes 23 attached to the lower portion of the ground ring 21 at predetermined intervals, for example, three unit ground electrodes 27 in the present embodiment. ) Is arranged in the longitudinal direction, and is composed of a ground electrode support 25 for connecting the unit ground electrodes (27). The cylindrical ground electrode 20 of the present invention is connected to the ground wire 2 of the upper pole, and the ground discharge is facilitated by the needle-shaped needle ground electrode 23.

Here, the material of the poles surrounding the ground ring 21 and the needle ground electrode 23 is concrete, and the resistivity is quite good as 50 Ω · m to 60 Ω · m, and the needle ground electrode 23 is formed on the concrete pole 100. Because of the built-in, the tip of the needle can be minimized. Since the cylindrical ground electrode 20 according to the present invention is built in the lower portion of the concrete pole 100, the construction is convenient.

On the other hand, Figure 5 is a schematic diagram for explaining the steel structure requiring a ground, such as a transmission tower for supporting the transmission line,

FIG. 5A is a side view and FIG. 5B is a plan view of the concrete foundation.

As shown in FIG. 5, the iron tower support 35, which is an iron structure, has approximately four legs, that is, a concrete foundation 33, formed at a lower portion thereof, and the base material 31 of the support is formed from each of the foundations 33. Is extended to the upper portion, the auxiliary shell material 29 is provided between the main shell material 31.

The steel structure is connected to the ground wire 41 in four bridges (concrete foundation) 33 by copper wire and buried in a length of about 100m, in which case the buried construction is carried out after the foundation of the steel tower, there is a fear of enormous natural damage There is. Especially in the case of mountainous terrain, it is generally composed of soil with high earth resistivity, so even if you install a ground wire of about 100m, it will be ineffective. Falls.

On the other hand, Figure 6 shows another embodiment of the present invention, showing a grounding method that can prevent the damage of grounding resistance and lightning by using a low earth resistivity concrete.

As shown in the drawings, after the foundation of the steel tower first excavated a circular ground electrode (39) at the bottom of the construction of a concrete structure after construction of the construction of the steel tower after the construction of the construction will be no inconvenience, concrete In addition to using a good grounding body, the earth potential rise due to lightning can be suppressed to the maximum.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the ground electrode structure shown in FIG. 6.

6 and 7, the embodiment shows that the shape of the grounding electrode 39 installed in the concrete base 33 of the support has a concentric circle structure.

In the above-described concentric ground electrode 39 is embedded in the concrete mainly serves to reduce the ground resistance of the common commercial frequency. The illustrated ground electrode 39 includes circular ground rings 21a to 21c and needle-shaped ground electrodes 23a to 23c attached to a lower portion of each of the ground rings 21a to 21c at regular intervals along its circumference. Each of the unit ground electrodes 27a, 27b, and 27c formed is arranged in a plurality of concentric circles with different diameters.

The needle-shaped ground electrodes 23a to 23c are designed to play a role of suppressing earth potential when lightning current and blocking surge enter the phenomenon of underground discharge at the pointed tip. On the other hand, the number of the unit ground electrodes 27a to 27c arranged above is three to five.

On the other hand, in the above poles may be formed as a grounding pole exterior concrete pole by embedding the grounding electrode around the iron tower foundation of the pole.

8 is a view showing the installation state of the extrapolated ground electrode used in the foundation of the steel tower as another embodiment of the present invention.

8 is similar in function to the concentric round electrode 39 used in FIG. 6, but the ground resistance in the situation where ground resistance or ground discharge is not effective like a rock on the base of the pylon base. It is a structure.

9 is a diagram illustrating an abnormal current flow in the ground electrode-built concrete pole according to the present invention.

In general, the abnormal current penetrates the processing ground line 1 and the metal fittings 7 of the concrete support through two main paths.

First, there are natural lightning phenomena invaded by the direct processing ground (1) and the upper conductor (4) in the case of intrusion into the bracket, and second, there are induced lightning induced by the indirect effect of the lightning strikes. In particular, if the processing branch line (1) is invaded directly into the distribution line or invaded the processing branch line (1) or metal fittings and not immediately discharged to the ground can be a significant damage to the consumer if the intrusion into the distribution line (4).

The discharge mechanism of the abnormal current can be divided into two types according to the type of the current. One form is surge and the other is commercial frequency. The two forms occur with each other, but look at each one in consideration of which function is greatly influenced as follows.

First, when an abnormal current flows in, the main function of processing the abnormal current is divided into a surge or a commercial frequency.

Here, the grounding performance of the commercial frequency is mainly influenced by the grounding resistance, but when the inflow current and the earth potential rise generated by the inflowing current are in phase, the grounding performance is expressed by the grounding resistance, and the inflow current and the ground potential If the phase difference of the rise increases, the grounding performance should be evaluated by the grounding impedance.

The ground resistance and the ground impedance are emitted through a ground electrode having a large ground area, such as the ground ring 21, and the inflow current having a sinusoidal frequency characteristic passing through the ground ring 21 is mostly an overcurrent or a three-phase unbalanced current. To return to the substation or power plant that supplied the magnetic through the ground, such a passage is a ground wire, ground ring, the bottom of the pole, the ground, as described above, when the ground ring 21 is embedded in the concrete pole, between the ground electrode and the soil The grounding effect can be enhanced by reducing the contact resistance. In other words, the fault current or unbalanced current at the normal frequency of 60 kHz is in charge of the ring-shaped ground ring 21, and the ground resistance is inversely proportional to the ground area, and thus has a much larger ground area than the rod-type up to now. Deep.

In addition, the grounding performance of surge-induced inrush currents called traveling waves caused by lightning strikes, induced lightning strikes, and substations or breakers in distribution lines is determined by the surge impedance, which is not governed by grounding resistance and depends on changes in the transmission medium. The surge impedance is emitted using a property that discharge occurs when an electric field is concentrated at the tip of the needle ground electrode 23.

In addition, in order to prevent corrosion caused by the discharge, the needle ground electrode 23 is formed of a material of stainless steel, not copper, and when discharge occurs in the soil as described above, a large amount of energy is instantly released to the soil, thus causing a contraction accident (?) And It secures safety by suppressing risks by suppressing earth potential rise that affects power facilities.

Summarizing the phenomena acting in the above two paths, the inrush current of the commercial frequency is sent to the substation or power plant where the copper ground ring acts as a passage, and the second surge current is transmitted from the needle tip. It radiates to the earth and is radiated to the earth without raising the earth potential. In other words, it is possible to reduce the contact resistance with the ground, to secure the safety of underground buried ground near the ground rod, and to increase the reliability of the power.

As described above, the ground pole embedded concrete pole according to the present invention has a built-in cylindrical ground pole consisting of a ground ring and a needle ground pole in the lower portion of the concrete pole, the ground ring and the needle ground pole built in the lower end of the pole pole automatically By being buried in the ground, the commercial frequency and the surge current can be discharged through the ground ring and the needle ground electrode, respectively, so that the installation of the pole can be made easier and the stability of the construction can be improved.

In other words, when the pole is buried, it is not necessary to dig around the pole and bury the ground pole, so it is easy to bury the pole and install the ground and improve the safety during construction. It is possible to reduce the ground resistance and to reduce the lightning damage due to the surge propagation wave due to the ground discharge effect of the needle ground electrode, thereby reducing the cost and providing high quality power.

In particular, in the case of the grounding of a steel tower such as a transmission line, the disadvantage of constructing the grounding after the construction can be compensated, and thus, there is an advantage in that construction cost reduction effect is large.

In addition, concrete is alkaline once it is formed, which has the advantage of preventing the ground electrode from corroding. Since the grounding depth of the ground electrode reaches several meters, it can play an important role in obtaining lightning damage and necessary ground resistance. Will be done.

On the other hand, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, but can be modified and modified within the scope not departing from the gist of the present invention, these modifications and the like will be seen to belong to the following claims.

Claims (8)

In the concrete pole, A concrete pole built-in concrete pole, characterized in that the built-in ground pole of a predetermined shape in the lower portion of the pole embedded in the ground of the concrete pole. The method of claim 1, The grounding electrode is a cylindrical grounding electrode and a plurality of unit grounding electrodes consisting of a circular grounding ring and a needle-shaped grounding electrode attached to the lower portion of the grounding ring at regular intervals along the circumference thereof are spaced apart at regular intervals in the longitudinal direction, Ground pole embedded concrete pole characterized in that it is formed of a support member for connecting each spaced unit ground electrode. The method of claim 1, The grounding electrode has a concentric circular shape and a plurality of unit grounding electrodes having a circular ground ring and a needle-shaped grounding electrode attached to the lower portion of the grounding ring at predetermined intervals along the circumference thereof in different concentric circles. Ground pole built-in concrete pole. The method of claim 2 or 3, The ground pole built-in concrete pole characterized in that the number of the unit ground electrode is built in the lower portion of the pole. The method of claim 1, The ground electrode is a built-in concrete pole pole pole, characterized in that embedded in the lower portion of the steel tower structure of the steel tower structure In concrete pole of steel tower structure, Ground pole exterior concrete pole characterized in that the ground electrode is embedded around the iron tower foundation of the pole The method of claim 6, The grounding electrode is a concrete ground pole characterized in that the grounding electrode is a circular grounding electrode In the method of forming a ground electrode of concrete pole made of a steel tower structure, After excavating the foundation of the steel tower, the ground electrode is constructed in the lower part, and then the construction of a concrete electrode characterized in that the inconvenience caused when the grounding work after the construction of the steel tower to remove the inconvenience.