KR20000058519A - A arrangement method of sector lens for panorama image - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A method for arranging sector lenses for a panorama picture is provided to improve the quality of the image without distortion in real time picturing. CONSTITUTION: A method for arranging sector lenses for a panorama picture includes a plurality of sector lenses(50) whose inlet apertures(20) are formed on the outside of an objective lens(89). The angle of 180 deg is divided by a vertical and horizontal incident angle of the inlet aperture of the sector lens. The plurality of sector lenses are attached on a vertical and a horizontal surface. The number of sector lenses is set to be the number of the angle of 360 deg divided by the vertical and the horizontal incident angle. A first row of the sector lenses is formed by arranging the sector lenses by one after the third. A second row which is parallel with the first one is formed by inputting sector lenses where they were omitted in the first row.

Description

Sector lens placement method for panoramic photography {A ARRANGEMENT METHOD OF SECTOR LENS FOR PANORAMA IMAGE}

According to the present invention, a plurality of sector lenses for capturing a limited area of a certain angle are arranged so that panorama shooting can be performed. In particular, a sector lens arrangement for allowing panoramic shooting, which is 360-degree wide-angle shooting, is possible. It is about a method.

A combination of a plurality of convex and concave lenses (lens) regularly is called a camera lens, and the film is exposed to an image of a subject formed by the light passing through the lens. After the exposure, a photograph is produced, or the formed image is recognized and processed as an electrical signal using an electronic charge coupled device (CCD) to be displayed on a monitor. do.

As an application device using the lens and the image pickup device (CCD) as described above, a camcorder, an electronic still camera, a closed circuit TV (CCTV) camera, a recording camera for a TV broadcasting station, and various surveillance cameras Etc.

The camera or image capturing apparatus may capture and recognize only a subject image included in an angle of incidence of a lens, and to recognize an image of a subject not included in the angle of incidence, the camera may be photographed at a predetermined angle centered on a focal point. There is a method of photographing a subject after using a sequential rotation and using a special mirror.

Hereinafter, a panoramic image capturing apparatus according to the related art will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 is a configuration diagram of a monitoring camera according to an embodiment of the prior art, FIG. 2 is an image photographed by a panoramic camera according to an example of the prior art, and FIG. 4 is a structural diagram of a panoramic camera according to another example of the prior art, and FIG. 4 is an image photographed and processed by another example of the prior art.

Referring to FIG. 1, the surveillance camera according to the prior art includes a camera unit 1 including a zoom lens capable of remote shooting and a camera including an image pickup device (CCD) for converting an image of an object into an electric video signal. Wow,

A pan / tilt part (2) fixed integrally with the camera part (1) to allow the camera to rotate left and right or move up and down about the entrance diameter;

By fixing and supporting the pan / tilt portion 2, the support (3) to facilitate the up, down, left and right rotational movement without shaking the camera unit 1,

A line 4 for transmitting a video signal photographed by the camera unit 1 and simultaneously transmitting and receiving control signals between the pan / tilt unit 2 and the camera unit 1,

A monitor unit 5 connected to the line 4 to process an image signal applied from the camera unit 1, and to display an image;

The control unit 6 is connected to the line 4 to control the pan / tilt unit 2 to rotate up, down, left and right, and at the same time to control the lens of the camera unit 1.

The monitoring camera according to the prior art having the above configuration will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

The support 3 is fixed around a subject to be photographed or recognized, and a pan / tilt portion 2 is attached to an upper portion thereof, and a camera 1 is installed on an upper side of the pan / tilt portion 2. do.

By adjusting the control unit 6, the user rotates the pan / tilt part 2 up, down, left, and right, and simultaneously controls the camera unit 1 fixed to the pan / tilt part 2 to photograph the subject. Is generated and output to the line (4).

The pan / tilt unit 2 moves according to the control signal, and the camera unit 1 outputs an image signal of a photographed subject to the monitor unit 5 through the line 4, and the monitor unit ( 5), by the image signal processing function, the applied image signal is processed and displayed as an image, whereby the image of the subject can be confirmed or identified remotely.

Surveillance camera of the above configuration, in order to reproduce a continuous planar image, that is, a panoramic image, as shown in Figure 2, so that the camera unit 1 rotates around the focal point (Focal Point), By rotating the pan / tilt part 2 by a predetermined angle sequentially or by rotating it continuously, the camera part 1 can check the image captured at the incident angle through the monitor part 5, As an example, the images of the first cut 7, the second cut 8, and the third cut 9 of FIG. 2 may be sequentially checked one by one.

For example, the monitoring camera as described above does not monitor the first cut 7 or the third cut 9 when the second cut 8 is monitored, and thus the image of each cut ( Image) is a concept of a still image, which will be described in more detail. The problem of not being able to simultaneously monitor the moving state of multiple cuts in real time, and the accuracy of the mechanically driven pan / tilt part 2 are deteriorated due to continuous use. In addition, there is a problem such as limited life and difficult maintenance.

The panoramic camera, which partially improves the problem of the surveillance camera as described above, includes a fixed semi-circular special mirror 11, as shown in FIG.

It is fixed to the lower portion of the special mirror 11, and consists of a camera unit 1 consisting of a lens (Lens) and an image pickup device (CCD).

The panoramic camera having the above-described configuration is reflected by the special mirror 11, so that the surrounding image having a 360 degree is transmitted by the camera unit 11 to the first frame 12 shown in FIG. The monitor unit 5 recognizes or photographs and outputs the image signal, and receives the image output signal. The digital image processing (DSP) is performed by the image signal processing function, so that the second frame 13 Display the panoramic image.

The above-described panoramic camera can simultaneously record 360-degree omnidirectional images as a video state in real time, but cannot improve resolution in a zoom process of enlarging a specific area to be monitored. For industrial use, there is a problem that the quality of the image is poor, and it is difficult to completely remove the distortion of the image.

The technique of the present invention provides a method of arranging a sector lens for panoramic shooting, which can simultaneously capture 360-degree panoramic video in real time without using a mechanically moving pan / tilt, while capturing an image of a subject at high resolution without distortion. The purpose is to.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a sector lens in which an incident diameter is formed outside of an objective lens, wherein 180 degrees are divided by vertical and horizontal incidence angles caused by an incident diameter of the sector lens, and the sector The lens is characterized in that the continuous attachment to the number on the same vertical or horizontal plane.

According to still another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a display apparatus comprising: a first step including the sector lens by a number obtained by dividing 360 degrees of the same plane by a horizontal incident angle due to an incident diameter of a sector lens; The second step of forming a first row by arranging sector lenses by jumping one by one in a plurality of horizontal incidence angles, and in the first row by the second step, the sector lenses are all positioned at positions of horizontal incidence angles where the sector lenses are not arranged. A third step of forming a second row parallel to the first row, and a lower side of the second row sector lens on the vertical incidence alignment line of the first row sector lens so as not to overlap or the second row And a fourth step of spaced apart from each other in a state closest to each other so that an image side portion of the first column sector lens does not overlap a vertical alignment line of the column sector lens.

1 is a block diagram of a surveillance camera according to an embodiment of the prior art,

2 is an image taken by a panoramic camera according to an example of the prior art,

3 is a structural diagram of a panoramic camera according to another embodiment of the prior art,

4 is an image photographed and processed by another example of the prior art;

5 is a basic theory explanatory diagram of a sector lens used in the present technology;

6 is a diagram illustrating a sector lens configuration according to an embodiment of the present invention;

7 is a perspective view of a sector lens according to an embodiment of the present invention;

8 is a layout view of a sector lens for photographing a panoramic image in a vertical or horizontal plane according to an embodiment of the present invention;

9 is an explanatory diagram of resolution increase by divisional photographing of a subject;

10 is a state diagram showing the arrangement of the first row lenses of 360-degree panoramic photography according to an embodiment of the present invention;

11 is a state diagram of the second row lens arrangement for 360-degree panoramic photography according to an embodiment of the present invention;

12 is a cross-sectional state diagram of a first row and second row lens arrangement for 360-degree panoramic photography according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 13 is a perspective view of the first and second row lens arrangement for 360-degree panoramic photography according to an embodiment of the present invention,

14 is a cross-sectional state diagram of the first and second row lens arrays for 360-degree panoramic photography according to another embodiment of the present invention;

15 is a perspective view of a first row and second row lens arrangement for 360-degree panoramic photography according to an embodiment of the present invention;

16 is a diagram showing a state of use of the lens for panoramic photographing disposed according to the embodiment of the present invention;

17 is a flowchart of a panoramic lens arrangement method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

** Explanation of symbols on the main parts of the drawing **

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Camera part 2 Pan / tilt part 3 Support stand

4 line 5 monitor 6 control unit

7,8,9: Image 10: Real object (subject) 11: Special mirror

20: entrance diameter 25: incident angle 26: horizontal incident angle

27: vertical incidence 30: frame 40,70: image

45: screen 50: sector lens 60: image pickup device

80,85: first column 82: first boundary surface 83: uppermost alignment line

84: second boundary 86: fastening groove 87: protrusion piece

89: objective lens 90,95: second column 93: lowest alignment line

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings will be described a lens positioning method for panoramic photography according to an embodiment of the present invention.

5 is a basic theory explanatory diagram of a sector lens used in the present technology, FIG. 6 is a configuration of a sector lens according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 8 is a perspective view of a sector lens according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, FIG. 8 is a layout view of a sector lens for panoramic image shooting in a vertical or horizontal plane according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, and FIG. 9 is a division of a subject 10 is an explanatory diagram of the resolution increase by photographing, and FIG. 10 is a state diagram of a first-row lens arrangement of 360-degree panoramic photographing according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 11 is a 360-degree panoramic view according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Fig. 12 is a state diagram of the second-row lens arrangement for photographing, and Fig. 12 is a cross-sectional state diagram of the first-row and second-row lens arrangement for 360-degree panoramic photographing according to an embodiment of the present invention. 1 is a perspective view of a first row and a second row lens arrangement for 360 degree panoramic shooting according to an embodiment, and FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view of a first row and second row lens arrangement for 360 degree panoramic shooting according to another embodiment of the present invention. 15 is a perspective view of a first row and a second row lens arrangement for 360-degree panoramic photography according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 16 is a panoramic lens disposed according to an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 17 is a flowchart of a panoramic lens arrangement method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, in the sector lens positioning method according to the present invention, the sector (Aperture Stop or Focal Point) 20 is a sector formed outside the objective lens (89) In the (Sector) lens 50,

The horizontal angle of incidence 26 of the sector lens 50 is divided by a horizontal incident angle 26, and the required number of sector lenses 50 are continuously attached on the same horizontal plane. Further, 180 degrees of vertical are divided by the vertical incident angle 27 by the incident aperture 20 of the sector lens 50, and the required number of sector lenses 50 are successively arranged on the same vertical plane. To attach.

According to another aspect of the present invention, the sector lens 50 may be prepared or provided by the number of divisions of 360 degrees of the same plane by the horizontal incidence angle 26 by the incident aperture 20 of the sector lens 50. 1 step (S10),

In the first step S10, the sector lenses 50 are formed by dividing the sector lenses 50 in the horizontal incidence angles 26 divided by one, and the sector lenses 50 are skipped one by one, and at the same horizontal plane, the incident diameter A second step S20 of forming a sector lens group of the first row 80 by arranging the 20 to coincide at one point;

In the first row 80 of the second step S20, the sector lens 50 is disposed at the position of the horizontal incident angle 26 where the sector lens 50 is not disposed, thereby providing the first lens. A third step S30 of forming a sector lens group of the second row 90 having a plane parallel to the plane formed by the row 80;

The second row 90 sectors by the third step S30 on the alignment line 27 of the vertical incident angle 27 of the sector lens 50 of the first row 80 by the second step S20. Arrange so that the lower side of the lens 50 does not overlap, or the alignment line 27 of the vertical incident angle 27 of the sector lens 50 of the second row 90 according to the third step S30. ) And a fourth step (S40) in which the image-side portions of the sector lens (50) of the first row (80) by the second step (S20) are spaced apart from each other so as not to overlap each other.

Hereinafter, the configuration of the present invention as described above according to an embodiment will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Referring to the basic principle of the sector lens, as shown in FIG. 5, in the frame 30 forming a constant square cube, a small hole is formed in the center portion of one side, and the entrance diameter ( An aperture stop or focal point 20 is formed, and a screen 45 is formed on the opposite side of the entrance diameter 20.

When the incident aperture 20 of the frame 30 coincides with the direction in which the subject or object 10 is to be photographed, an inverted image 40 of the object 10 is formed on the film 45. Or bears.

Such a configuration is called a pinhole camera.

The sector lens 50 used in the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 6 and 7, and coincide with an extension line of the incident angle α 25 formed by the incident aperture 20. By forming the planar upper and lower first and second boundary surfaces 82 and the left and right second boundary surfaces, respectively, the shape of the square pyramid-shaped sector lens 50 is achieved, and the square-shaped object is disposed at an appropriate position of the square-corner end portion. By attaching a lens 89 and simultaneously placing a plurality of convex and concave lenses on a straight line where the incident aperture 20 and the objective lens 89 coincide, chromatic aberration is eliminated, and an image 70 is provided. In order to ensure this, the distance from the image pickup device 60 to which the image 70 is formed is adjusted.

The image 70 formed by the sector lens 50 is converted into an electrical signal by the imaging device (CCD) 60 and output.

The position of the objective lens 89 and the size of the incident angle 25 in the sector lens 50 are appropriately determined by the designer.

The sector lens 50 has a constant incidence angle 25. In the present invention, the sector lens 50 has an incidence angle of 36 degrees each in the vertical and horizontal directions, and the fastening groove 86 is integral with the first boundary surface 82. And a projection piece 87 coupled to the fastening groove 86 on the second boundary surface 84.

Referring to FIG. 8 according to an embodiment, three sector lenses 50 may be aligned to match the entrance diameter 20 on a vertical plane by using the fastening grooves 86 and the projection pieces 87 of the sector lens 50. ) Up and down continuously, the subject in the area corresponding to the vertical angle of 108 degrees and the horizontal angle of 36 degrees with respect to the entrance diameter 20 can be photographed or recognized.

Alternatively, when the sector lens 50 is continuously disposed from side to side on the horizontal plane in the same manner as described above, a subject of an area corresponding to an angle of 108 degrees horizontally and an angle of 36 degrees vertically may be photographed or recognized.

As described above, by arranging one, two, or up to five sector lenses 50 as necessary, there is no distortion such as distortion or distortion in an area corresponding to an angle of 36 degrees up to 180 degrees vertically or horizontally. A signal accurately captured and output from the image pickup device 60 of each of the sector lenses 50 continuously arranged is applied by the monitor unit 5 and displayed by performing digital image signal processing (DSP).

An advantage of increasing the resolution displayed using the plurality of sector lenses 50 as described above will be described in detail with reference to FIG.

As an example, when the resolution of the image 70 recognized by one sector lens 50 is 760: 490 pixels (Pixel) in the aspect ratio, the left view of FIG. 9 shows one sector lens 50. The subject is photographed with a), and the resolution is 372,400 pixels (Pixel) in total, and the center diagram of FIG. 9 shows two sector lenses arranged side by side and two up and down, that is, four in total. By photographing subjects identical to each other by sector, each image is recognized as a total of 1,489,600 pixels, so the resolution is increased by four times, and the right view of FIG. The same subject is photographed by the sector lens 50 in which nine pieces are arranged left, right, up and down, and have a resolution of a total of 3,351,600 pixels (Pixel) which is increased nine times.

The signal of the image (Image) captured as described above can be enlarged and displayed in a specific part requiring centralized monitoring while recognizing or monitoring the entire area by digital signal processing (DSP).

As another embodiment of the present invention, the 360-degree omnidirectional photographing or recognition will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 10 to 17.

Since the sector lens 50 has an angle of incidence of 36 degrees each in the vertical and horizontal directions, when the horizontal 360 degree is divided by the angle of incidence of the sector lens at 36 degrees according to the first step, the sector lens 50 is divided into 10 regions.

As described above, the photographing area of the sector lens 50 divided into 10 is divided into 10 areas from 'A' to 'J' as shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, and the number of the divided areas is 10 The sector lens 50 is prepared (S10).

In the second step, the sector lens 50 is disposed in the B, D, F, H, and J regions of the 10 regions from the divided 'A' to 'J', as shown in FIG. By arranging the apertures 20 to coincide on the same horizontal plane, the sector lens group of the first row 80 is formed or formed (S20).

The attached FIG. 11 shows, as a third step, regions A, C, E, G, and I, in which the sector lens 50 is not arranged, by the second step S20 of the divided ten areas. The sector lens 50 is disposed on the same plane, the aperture stop 20 coincides with one point, and is parallel to the plane formed by the first column 80. A sector lens group of the second row 90 is formed or formed in a horizontal plane such that 20) coincides on the same straight line (S30).

Referring to FIG. 12, the sector lens group 80 of the first column 80 is a cross-sectional state in which the sector lenses 50 of the first row 80 and the second row 90 are disposed by the above steps. Arrange the lower side of the sector lens group 90 in the second row so as to overlap the vertical incidence angle 27 alignment line formed by the?), Or the sector lens group 90 in the second row. The state in which the image side portion of the sector lens group 80 in the first row is arranged or arranged (Arrange) S40 is disposed on the alignment line 27 to form the vertical incident angle 27.

The plurality of sector lenses 50 arranged by the technique of the present invention as described above may be 360 degrees in the horizontal plane by the sector lens groups of the first row 80 and the second row 90. It can capture or recognize, and can capture or recognize an area of 36 degrees on a vertical plane.

The three-dimensional configuration of the first row 80 and the second row 90 sector lenses arranged as described above is shown three-dimensionally in FIG.

As described above, the method for arranging a sector lens for panoramic photographing may include capturing or recognizing a horizontal 360 degree and a vertical 36 degree region, and as another embodiment, when capturing or recognizing a horizontal 360 degree and vertical 72 degree region is described above. As shown in FIG.

Referring to FIG. 14, another sector lens 50 is attached to each of the sector lenses 50 constituting the first column 80 by successively attaching the sector lens 50 up and down so that the incident aperture 20 coincides with one point. By arranging the first row 85 and simultaneously attaching the incident apertures 20 to the sector lenses 50 of the second row 90 up and down so as to coincide with one point, the second row of second columns ( 95).

The uppermost alignment line 83 formed by the alignment lines of the uppermost vertical incident angle 27 of the first columns 80 and 85 and the lowermost sector lens 90 of the second columns 90 and 95 arranged as described above. ), Or the lowermost alignment line 93 and the first column 80 (formed by an alignment line of the lowest vertical incidence 27 of the second column 90 and 95). The entrance diameter 20 formed by the first row 80, 85 and the second row 90, 95, respectively, is disposed so that the upper side of the uppermost sector lens 85 of the 85 does not overlap. The first and second columns 80 and 85 and 90 and 95 are arranged at the closest distances while being aligned on the same vertical line.

FIG. 15 is a stereoscopic diagram of a group of sector lenses of the first row 80,85 and the second row 90,95 arranged as described above.

In more detail, by adding the sector lens 50 up and down in the first column 80,85 and the second column 90,95, by attaching continuously, the vertical region or angle to capture or recognize can be expanded. Can be.

16 is a view illustrating a complete use state of a sector lens for panoramic photographing according to the present invention.

The sector lens arrangement method for panoramic photographing according to the configuration of the present invention has an effect of capturing or recognizing a moving image of a subject in a 360 degree region without a mechanical driving unit in real time.

In addition, by enlarging a specific part of the photographed subject by the digital processing technology of the image signal, there is an effect of precisely intensively checking or monitoring.

In addition, the price is low, the maintenance cost is low, and an unskilled operator can easily photograph or recognize the subject at 360 degrees.

Claims (6)

In a sector lens in which the entrance diameter is formed outside of the objective lens, And dividing 180 degrees into vertical and horizontal incidence angles due to the incident diameter of the sector lens, and continuously attaching the sector lenses by the corresponding number on the same vertical or horizontal plane. In a sector lens in which the entrance diameter is formed outside of the objective lens, A first step of providing the sector lenses by the number of dividing 360 degrees of the same plane by the horizontal incident angle by the sector lens incidence aperture; A second step of forming a first row by arranging sector lenses by skipping one by one to a plurality of horizontal incidence angles divided by the sector lens in the first step; A third step of forming a second row parallel to the first row by arranging all of the sector lenses at a horizontal incident angle where the sector lenses are not arranged in the first row of the second step; The lower side of the second column sector lens is disposed not to overlap the vertical incidence alignment line of the first column sector lens or the upper side of the first column sector lens is spaced apart so as not to overlap the vertical incidence line of the second column sector lens. And a fourth step of arranging the sector lens. The method according to claim 1 or 2, And the incident aperture formed by the sector lens coincides with one point on the same plane. The method of claim 2, Each sector lens of the first row is attached to a plurality of consecutive up and down so that the incident diameter coincides with a point on the same vertical plane, And a plurality of sector lenses of the second row are successively attached up and down so that the incident diameters coincide with one point on the same vertical plane. The method of claim 4, wherein The first column and the second column so that the uppermost alignment line of the first row and the lower side of the lowermost sector lens of the second row do not overlap or the lowermost alignment line of the second row and the upper side of the uppermost sector lens of the first row do not overlap. A method of arranging sector lenses for panoramic photography, wherein the rows are spaced apart from each other in a state closest to each other. The method according to claim 2, 4 or 5, And the incident apertures formed by the first and second columns are arranged to coincide on the same vertical line.