KR20000055991A - Cold and heat cycle controll method - Google Patents
Cold and heat cycle controll method Download PDFInfo
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- KR20000055991A KR20000055991A KR1019990004967A KR19990004967A KR20000055991A KR 20000055991 A KR20000055991 A KR 20000055991A KR 1019990004967 A KR1019990004967 A KR 1019990004967A KR 19990004967 A KR19990004967 A KR 19990004967A KR 20000055991 A KR20000055991 A KR 20000055991A
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- expansion valve
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- refrigerant
- opening degree
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/70—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof
- F24F11/80—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air
- F24F11/83—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air by controlling the supply of heat-exchange fluids to heat-exchangers
- F24F11/84—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air by controlling the supply of heat-exchange fluids to heat-exchangers using valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
- F25B41/30—Expansion means; Dispositions thereof
- F25B41/31—Expansion valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F2110/00—Control inputs relating to air properties
- F24F2110/10—Temperature
Abstract
Description
본 발명은 냉난방사이클의 제어방법에 관한 것으로서, 특히 운전을 시작하게 되면 증발측의 입구공기온도를 감지하여 그에 따라 팽창밸브의 초기 개도를 조절한 다음 압축기를 동작시키게 함으로써 초기환경에 대응하여 운전이 가능한 동시에 초기운전효율이 향상되는 냉난방사이클의 제어방법에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a control method of a heating / cooling cycle. In particular, when the operation is started, the operation is performed in response to the initial environment by sensing the inlet air temperature on the evaporation side and adjusting the initial opening of the expansion valve and then operating the compressor. The present invention relates to a control method of a heating / cooling cycle in which initial operation efficiency is improved at the same time.
일반적으로, 공기조화기는 냉방 또는 난방을 주된 목적으로 사용되고, 부가적으로 제습이나 공기정화 기능 등을 갖춘 것이 있다. 이때, 공기조화기가 냉난방을 위하여 사용되는 경우 냉매를 증발시키기 위한 팽창밸브가 설치되어 있는데, 전자팽창밸브는 보통 스텝 모터(stepping motor)를 사용하여 제어부의 구동신호에 따라 스텝 모터가 회전하면 팽창밸브의 개도가 변화하여 통과되는 냉매의 유량을 변화시키는 것이 가능하다.In general, an air conditioner is used for the main purpose of cooling or heating, and additionally, a dehumidification or air purifying function is provided. At this time, when the air conditioner is used for cooling and heating, an expansion valve is installed to evaporate the refrigerant. The electronic expansion valve is an expansion valve when the step motor rotates according to the driving signal of the control unit using a stepping motor. It is possible to change the flow rate of the refrigerant passing through the opening degree of.
상기한 바와 같이 팽창밸브의 개도를 변화시키게 되면, 통과되는 냉매의 유량이 변하게 되고, 그에 따라 증발기로 유입되는 냉매의 유량이 변화되어 증발기의 온도가 변화되게 되고 전체 사이클이 변화하게 된다.As described above, when the opening degree of the expansion valve is changed, the flow rate of the refrigerant passing through is changed, so that the flow rate of the refrigerant flowing into the evaporator is changed to change the temperature of the evaporator and the entire cycle is changed.
따라서, 사이클의 외부환경과 압축기 운전주파수 등의 사이클 변화요소에 대응하여 팽창밸브의 개도를 변경함으로써 최적의 상태로 운전을 할 수 있다.Therefore, it is possible to operate in an optimal state by changing the opening degree of the expansion valve in response to cycle change factors such as the cycle environment and the compressor operating frequency.
참조된 도면, 도 1은 종래기술에 의한 공기조화기의 냉방운전시의 동작도이고, 도 2는 종래기술에 의한 공기조화기의 난방운전시의 동작도이다.Referring to FIG. 1, FIG. 1 is an operation diagram during a cooling operation of an air conditioner according to the prior art, and FIG. 2 is an operation diagram during heating operation of an air conditioner according to the prior art.
종래의 냉난방기로 사용되는 공기조화기는 도 1 및 도 2에 도시된 바와 같이 냉방운전에서는 증발기로 동작되고 난방운전에서는 응축기로 동작되는 실내 열 교환기(1)와, 상기 실내 열 교환기(1)와 실내공기의 열 교환이 잘 진행되도록 실내공기의 유동을 발생시키는 실내 팬(2)과, 실외에 설치되어 냉방운전에서는 응축기로 동작되고 난방운전에서는 증발기로 동작되는 실외 열 교환기(3)와, 실외 열 교환기(3)와 실외공기의 열 교환이 잘 이루어지도록 실외공기의 유동을 발생시키는 실외 팬(4)과, 응축된 냉매가 잘 증발되어 팽창될 수 있도록 상기 실내 열 교환기(1)와 상기 실외 열 교환기(3) 사이에 설치된 팽창밸브(5)와, 실외측에 설치되어 저온저압의 냉매가스를 고온고압의 냉매가스로 바꾸어 주는 압축기(6)와, 냉방운전시에는 상기 압축기(6)로부터 토출되는 고온고압의 가스가 상기 실내 열 교환기(1)로 이동되도록 하고 난방운전시에는 상기 실외 열 교환기(3)로 이동되도록 냉매가스의 이동을 절환시키는 사방밸브(7)로 구성된다.As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, an air conditioner used as a conventional air conditioner includes an indoor heat exchanger 1 that operates as an evaporator in a cooling operation and a condenser in a heating operation, and an indoor heat exchanger 1 and an interior. An indoor fan (2) for generating a flow of indoor air so that the heat exchange of the air proceeds well, an outdoor heat exchanger (3) installed outdoors to operate as a condenser in a cooling operation and an evaporator in a heating operation, and an outdoor heat An outdoor fan (4) generating a flow of outdoor air to facilitate heat exchange between the exchanger (3) and the outdoor air, and the indoor heat exchanger (1) and the outdoor heat so that the condensed refrigerant can evaporate and expand. Expansion valve (5) provided between the exchanger (3), a compressor (6) installed on the outside to convert the low-temperature low-pressure refrigerant gas into a high-temperature high-pressure refrigerant gas, and from the compressor (6) during cooling operation It consists of a four-way valve (7) for switching the movement of the refrigerant gas to be moved to the indoor heat exchanger (1) and the high temperature and high pressure gas is discharged to the indoor heat exchanger (3) during the heating operation.
상기와 같이 구성된 공기조화기의 동작은, 먼저 냉방운전의 경우에는 상기 압축기(6)로부터 토출되는 냉매가 상기 실외 열 교환기(3)로 이동되도록 상기 사방밸브(7)가 절환되고, 상기 팽창밸브(7)의 개도가 임의의 값으로 고정된 상태에서 상기 압축기(6)가 구동되어 상기 실내 열 교환기(1)에서는 냉매가스가 증발되고 상기 실외 열 교환기(3)에서는 냉매가스가 응축됨으로써 실내공기의 온도를 하강시키게 된다. 그리고, 난방운전의 경우에는 상기 사방밸브(7)가 상기 압축기(6)로부터 토출되는 냉매가 상기 실내 열 교환기(1)로 이동되도록 절환되고, 냉방운전과 마찬가지로 상기 팽창밸브(5)의 개도가 임의의 값으로 고정된 상태에서 상기 압축기(6)가 구동되어 상기 실외 열 교환기(3)에서는 냉매가스가 증발되고 상기 실내 열 교환기(1)에서는 냉매가스가 응축됨으로써 실내공기의 온도를 상승시키게 된다.In the operation of the air conditioner configured as described above, in the case of a cooling operation, the four-way valve 7 is switched so that the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 6 is moved to the outdoor heat exchanger 3, and the expansion valve The compressor 6 is driven while the opening degree of (7) is fixed to an arbitrary value so that the refrigerant gas is evaporated in the indoor heat exchanger (1) and the refrigerant gas is condensed in the outdoor heat exchanger (3). Will lower the temperature. In the heating operation, the four-way valve 7 is switched so that the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 6 is moved to the indoor heat exchanger 1, and the opening degree of the expansion valve 5 is changed as in the cooling operation. The compressor 6 is driven at a fixed value so that the refrigerant gas is evaporated in the outdoor heat exchanger 3 and the refrigerant gas is condensed in the indoor heat exchanger 1 to increase the temperature of the indoor air. .
그 후, 냉난방운전이 시작되면 통상적으로 증발기의 배관온도, 상기 압축기(6)에서 토출되는 냉매의 토출온도 등에 따라 상기 팽창밸브(7)의 개도를 조절하게 된다.After that, when the heating and cooling operation is started, the opening degree of the expansion valve 7 is generally adjusted according to the piping temperature of the evaporator, the discharge temperature of the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 6, and the like.
참고로, 상기 팽창밸브(7)의 개도 범위가 0에서 500pulse인 경우에는 보통 냉방운전의 경우에는 초기 개도가 170pulse로, 난방운전의 경우에는 120pulse로 고정된 값을 사용한다.For reference, when the opening degree range of the expansion valve 7 is 0 to 500 pulses, the initial opening degree is 170 pulses in the case of a cooling operation, and a fixed value of 120 pulses is used in the heating operation.
그러나, 종래의 공기조화기는 상기 압축기(6)를 구동하기 전에 주위의 환경을 고려하지 않은 상태에서 냉난방운전시에 각각 임의의 고정된 값을 상기 팽창밸브(7)의 개도로 정하기 때문에 외부환경요소에 의한 상기 압축기(6)의 초기운전부하에 능동적으로 대응할 수 없는 문제점이 있다.However, since the conventional air conditioner determines each of the fixed values at the opening degree of the expansion valve 7 during the heating and cooling operation without considering the surrounding environment before driving the compressor 6, the external environmental element There is a problem that can not actively cope with the initial operating load of the compressor (6).
본 발명은 상기한 종래 기술의 문제점을 해결하기 위하여 안출된 것으로서, 냉난방운전 초기에 증발기 입구공기의 온도를 감지하여 그 온도에 따라 팽창밸브의 초기 개도를 결정함으로써 압축기의 기동초기부하를 저감시킬 수 있는 냉난방사이클의 제어방법을 제공하는데 그 목적이 있다.The present invention has been made to solve the above problems of the prior art, it is possible to reduce the initial starting load of the compressor by detecting the temperature of the evaporator inlet air at the beginning of the heating and cooling operation to determine the initial opening of the expansion valve according to the temperature The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method of controlling a heating / cooling cycle.
도 1은 종래기술에 의한 공기조화기의 냉방운전시의 동작도,1 is an operation of the air conditioner of the prior art in the cooling operation,
도 2는 종래기술에 의한 공기조화기의 난방운전시의 동작도,2 is an operation of the heating operation of the air conditioner according to the prior art,
도 3은 본 발명에 의한 팽창밸브의 초기 개도 설정에 관한 블록도,3 is a block diagram for setting an initial opening degree of an expansion valve according to the present invention;
도 4는 본 발명에 의한 팽창밸브의 초기 개도 설정에 관한 순서도이다.Figure 4 is a flow chart related to the initial opening degree setting of the expansion valve according to the present invention.
〈도면의 주요 부분에 관한 부호의 설명〉<Explanation of symbols about main part of drawing>
Cv: 팽창밸브의 지름 fn: 실험상수C v : Diameter of expansion valve f n : Experimental constant
Nf: 초기 개도 Nmin: 팽창밸브의 최소 개도N f : Initial opening N min : Minimum opening of expansion valve
Tie: 증발기의 입구공기온도,T ie : inlet air temperature of the evaporator,
본 발명은 냉매를 압축하여 토출하는 압축기와, 상기 압축기에서 토출된 냉매의 유동 방향을 변환해 주는 사방밸브와, 냉매와 외부 공기와 열 교환이 일어나는 실내외측의 열 교환기와, 상기 실내외측의 열 교환기의 냉매유량을 제어하는 팽창밸브를 포함하는 냉난방사이클의 제어방법에 있어서,The present invention provides a compressor for compressing and discharging a refrigerant, a four-way valve for changing a flow direction of the refrigerant discharged from the compressor, a heat exchanger inside and outside where heat exchange occurs between the refrigerant and outside air, and heat inside and outside the room. In the control method of the heating and cooling cycle comprising an expansion valve for controlling the refrigerant flow rate of the exchanger,
전원이 공급되면 상기 압축기의 기동전에 상기 냉난방사이클의 부하에 따라 상기 팽창밸브의 개도를 제어하는 팽창밸브 개도제어단계를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 한다.And an expansion valve opening degree control step of controlling the opening degree of the expansion valve according to the load of the air-conditioning cycle when the power is supplied before starting the compressor.
여기서, 상기 팽창밸브 개도제어단계는 증발기의 입구공기온도를 감지하는 제 1과정과, 상기 제 1과정에서 감지된 증발기의 입구공기온도에 따라 상기 압축기의 기동운전부하가 저감되도록 상기 팽창밸브의 초기 개도를 조절하는 제 2과정을 포함하여 구성된 것을 특징으로 한다.Here, the expansion valve opening control step is the first step of detecting the inlet air temperature of the evaporator, and the initial operation of the expansion valve to reduce the starting operation load of the compressor according to the inlet air temperature of the evaporator detected in the first step Characterized in that it comprises a second process for adjusting the opening degree.
이하, 본 발명의 실시예를 참조된 도면을 참조하여 설명하면 다음과 같다.Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
우선 참조된 도면, 도 3은 본 발명에 의한 팽창밸브의 초기 개도 설정에 관한 블록도, 도 4는 본 발명에 의한 팽창밸브의 초기 개도 설정에 관한 순서도이다.3 is a block diagram of an initial opening degree setting of an expansion valve according to the present invention, and FIG. 4 is a flowchart of an initial opening degree setting of an expansion valve according to the present invention.
본 발명에 의한 냉난방사이클의 제어방법은 도 3 및 도 4에 도시된 바와 같이 공기조화기에 전원이 공급되면, 냉방운전의 경우에는 실내 열 교환기, 난방운전의 경우에는 실외 열 교환기에 각각 설치된, 즉 증발기에 설치된 온도센서가 증발기의 입구공기온도(Tie)를 감지하고, 상기 증발기의 입구공기온도(Tie)를 제어부로 출력하면 상기 제어부는 아래의 식에 따라 팽창밸브의 초기 개도(Nf)를 결정한다.3 and 4, the control method of the cooling and heating cycle according to the present invention, if the air conditioner is supplied with power, installed in the indoor heat exchanger in the case of cooling operation, the outdoor heat exchanger in the case of heating operation, that is, When the temperature sensor installed in the evaporator detects the inlet air temperature (T ie ) of the evaporator and outputs the inlet air temperature (T ie ) of the evaporator to the control unit, the control unit may initialize the initial opening degree (N f ) of the expansion valve according to the following equation. Is determined.
Nf= Cv* fn* Tie+ Nmin N f = C v * f n * T ie + N min
여기서, Nf는 초기 개도,Where N f is the initial opening degree,
Cv는 팽창밸브의 지름,C v is the diameter of the expansion valve,
fn는 실험상수,f n is the experimental constant,
Tie는 증발기의 입구공기온도,T ie is the inlet air temperature of the evaporator,
Nmin은 팽창밸브의 최소 개도를 각각 나타낸다.N min represents the minimum opening degree of the expansion valve, respectively.
그 후, 상기 제어부는 계산된 상기 팽창밸브의 초기 개도(Nf)에 따라 상기 팽창밸브를 개도를 제어하게 된다.Thereafter, the controller controls the opening degree of the expansion valve according to the calculated initial opening degree N f of the expansion valve.
상기와 같이 상기 팽창밸브의 초기 개도(Nf)가 결정되면, 압축기가 동작하게 되고, 그 이후 상기 팽창밸브의 개도는 조건별로 동작하게 된다.As described above, when the initial opening degree N f of the expansion valve is determined, the compressor is operated, and then the opening degree of the expansion valve is operated according to the condition.
이와 같이, 본 발명에 의한 냉난방사이클의 제어방법은 상기 압축기 기동 전에 상기 증발기의 입구공기온도(Tie)에 따라 상기 팽창밸브의 초기 개도(Nf)를 조절함으로 상기 압축기의 초기 기동운전부하가 저감되는 효과를 제공한다.As described above, in the control method of the heating and cooling cycle according to the present invention, the initial starting operation load of the compressor is adjusted by adjusting the initial opening degree (N f ) of the expansion valve according to the inlet air temperature (T ie ) of the evaporator before starting the compressor. To provide a reduced effect.
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CN111122644A (en) * | 2020-01-08 | 2020-05-08 | 中建材创新科技研究院有限公司 | System and method for testing cold-hot circulation stability of phase-change material |
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN111122644A (en) * | 2020-01-08 | 2020-05-08 | 中建材创新科技研究院有限公司 | System and method for testing cold-hot circulation stability of phase-change material |
CN111122644B (en) * | 2020-01-08 | 2022-07-08 | 中建材创新科技研究院有限公司 | System and method for testing cold-hot circulation stability of phase-change material |
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KR100300581B1 (en) | 2001-09-13 |
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