KR20000051755A - Re-distributor of absorption solution in Absorption heating and cooling system - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: An apparatus for redistributing absorbed solution in an absorption cooling and heating apparatus is provided to prevent a drop in efficiency of an absorption unit by maintaining the bad surface wetting condition of the absorbed solution spread in the heat exchange plate of the absorption unit as a good condition. CONSTITUTION: An absorption cooling and heating system having a regenerator, a condenser, an absorbing unit, a rectifier, a freezer, and a solution heat exchanger, in which an apparatus for redistributing absorbed solution(30) in an absorption cooling and heating apparatus includes an absorbed solution receiver tank separated in the lower extension line of each fluid passage of an absorption unit(4) in the section type corresponding section of each fluid passage alternately with a refrigerant steam passage having the penetrated upper and lower part, and a plurality of tube type distribution tube in the lower part of the solution receiver tank.

Description

Re-distributor of absorption solution in Absorption heating and cooling system

The present invention relates to an absorption type air conditioner. More specifically, when the plate heat exchanger is used as the absorber unit, the plate surface wet state becomes poor due to the surface tension of the absorbent solution as the absorbent solution distributed from the upper part of the absorber to the lower part is lowered. The phenomenon is to redistribute the absorbent solution to improve the absorbent solution surface wetting condition in the plate.

In general, in the case of an absorption air conditioner, a heat exchanger composed of four components of a regenerator (1), a condenser (2), an evaporator (3), and an absorber unit (4) is basically used as shown in FIG. Heat exchangers are generally used.

Absorption heating and cooling systems include ammonia absorption and lithium bromide (LiBr) absorption heating and cooling systems. The difference is that ammonia solution is used as working fluid in case of ammonia absorption type, lithium bromide solution is used as working fluid in case of lithium bromide absorption type, ammonia is used in case of ammonia absorption type, and water is used in case of lithium bromide absorption type. .

Therefore, in the case of ammonia absorption type, ammonia as a refrigerant and a low concentration of an absorption medium are made in a regenerator, and in the case of lithium bromide absorption type, a concentrated solution of high concentration is separated into water and an absorption medium as a refrigerant in a regenerator.

The operating pressure range differs in that both the high pressure and the low pressure parts are formed at high pressures higher than atmospheric pressure in the case of ammonia absorption type, and at high pressures higher than atmospheric pressure in the case of lithium bromide absorption type.

In the ammonia absorption air-conditioning system, the regenerator 1 receives heat from the burner 5 on the heat source side and boils the working solution, which is a strong aqueous solution of ammonia, to obtain ammonia refrigerant vapor C1 and at the same time generates some ammonia evaporation. Each of the chemical solutions P1, which is a weak aqueous solution of ammonia, is prepared.

The condenser 2 condenses the refrigerant vapor C1 sent from the regenerator 1 to form a liquid refrigerant. At this time, heating is performed from the outdoor unit 6 in order to take heat from the refrigerant vapor C1 and condense it. Cooling water W1 is used, and this cooling water W1 flows out from the indoor unit 6 and branches off at a predetermined flow rate to the condenser 2 and the water cooling absorber 7.

The evaporator (3) passes through the subcooler (8) from the condenser (2) and further evaporates the liquid refrigerant which has been sent to the supercooled again to make the refrigerant vapor C2. At this time, the amount of heat required to evaporate the liquid refrigerant is supplied from the cold water W2 after cooling the room unit (9) and the temperature is increased, and the cold water W2 deprived of heat in this process is returned to the indoor unit (9). It is sent back to perform cooling.

The water cooling absorber (7) is a refrigerant solution C1 sent from the evaporator (3), the medicinal solution P1 sent from the regenerator (1) is passed through the GAX absorber (10, Generated Absorption Heat Exchanger) and the solution cooling absorber (11) In this case, the refrigerant vapor C2 is completely absorbed into the medicinal solution P1 so as to become the strong solution of the initial concentration of the original regenerator 1 in a partially absorbed state. In this case, the heat of the chemical solution P1 is removed to absorb the refrigerant vapor C2. In order to remove this amount of heat, the cooling water W1 which is heated in the outdoor unit 6 and returns is used.

The cooling water W1 obtained in the heat from the condenser (2) and the water cooling absorber (7) is sent to the outdoor unit (6) for heating again, and the chemical solution (P1) absorbing the refrigerant vapor (C2) becomes a strong solution (P2). 12) to the rectifier (13). That is, during cooling, the cooling water W2 having a temperature dropped from the evaporator 3 is sent to the indoor unit 9 to perform cooling. The cooling water W1 cooling the condenser 2 and the absorber 4 has a high temperature, and thus the outdoor unit 6 is cooled. Is sent to and cooled again. In addition, during heating, condenser (2) and absorber (4), the temperature of the cooling water W1 is increased to the outdoor unit (6) is sent to perform the heating, cold water W2 passed through the evaporator (3) to the indoor unit (9) coil Is sent.

The GAX absorber 10 is formed in the regenerator 1 and the refrigerant vapor C2 generated in the evaporator 3 and introduced through the supercooler 8 in the medicinal solution P1 introduced through the rectifier 13 and the pressure reducing valve 15. The refrigerant vapor C2 and the medicinal solution P1 are mixed at the top of the GAX absorber 10 to be mixed into a mixed fluid. At this time, the refrigerant fluid C1 is absorbed into the medicinal solution P1 while the GAX absorber 10 flows, thereby increasing the concentration of the mixed fluid. In the state in which the liquid cooling absorber (11) in the lower portion is passed through the liquid cooling absorber (11), the refrigerant vapor is absorbed into the medicinal solution to become a more concentrated warming fluid (7) Flows into).

At this time, in order to continuously absorb the refrigerant vapor C2 in the GAX absorber 10 and the solution cooling absorber 11, the heat of absorption generated from the mixed fluid needs to be removed. The solution P2a flows through the flow paths opposite to the solution cooling absorber 11 and the GAX absorber 10 in order to remove heat of absorption through heat exchange with the mixed solution.

In absorption air-conditioning systems, on the other hand, additional devices are placed to increase the efficiency of the equipment. In particular, the analyzer 14 has a packing material therein from the GAX absorber 10 through heat exchange by direct contact with a relatively low temperature steel solution P2 flowing into the upper portion and a relatively high temperature refrigerant vapor C1. When the inflow, the boiling part of the steel solution P2 is further boiled to obtain the refrigerant vapor C2 and condensed water evaporated together in the refrigerant vapor C1 flowing from the regenerator (1). That is, to improve the contact between the strong solution P2 and the refrigerant vapor C1 is filled with a packing material.

Rectifier 13 serves to obtain a high concentration of ammonia refrigerant vapor C2 by condensing the moisture contained in the refrigerant vapor from the refrigerant vapor C1 flowing from the analyzer (14). At this time, the medium condensing water is a low temperature steel solution P2 sent from the solution pump (12) while flowing in the coil wound in the rectifier (13) while the heat contained in the refrigerant vapor through heat exchange with the high temperature refrigerant vapor To condense.

It also has a supercooler (8), which heats up the liquid refrigerant from the condenser (2) and the refrigerant vapor C2 from the evaporator (3) to bring the liquid refrigerant closer to the evaporation temperature in the evaporator (3). The temperature of the refrigerant vapor is raised to accelerate the absorption phenomenon in the absorber unit (4) and to evaporate a small amount of the liquid refrigerant contained in the refrigerant vapor C2.

In addition, a solution heat exchanger (16) is provided. The function of this element is to exchange heat with the chemical solution P1 flowing out of the regenerator 1 at high temperature and the cold steel solution flowing into the regenerator 1 from the GAX absorber 10. The medicinal solution is cooled down to near the saturation temperature in the absorber unit (4), and the strong solution P2 is heated up to the corresponding temperature and introduced into the regenerator (1), thereby heating the strong solution in the regenerator (1). Reduce the amount of heat you need to. That is, in the system, the regenerator 1 and the condenser 2 form a high pressure part, and the evaporator 3 and the absorber unit 4 form a low pressure part, wherein the pressure drop from the condenser 2 to the evaporator 3 and the regenerator ( The pressure drop between 1) and the absorber unit 4 uses a plurality of restrictors.

In the integrated plate heat exchanger structure used as the absorber unit 4, heat exchange fins 18 are provided between each heat exchange plate 17 as shown in FIG. 2, and one heat exchanger cools the solution with the GAX absorber 10 of the system. Absorber 11, water cooling absorber (7) performs both functions, the upper part of the heat exchanger is a GAX absorber 10, the middle portion is composed of a solution cooling absorber (11), the lower portion is composed of a water cooling absorber (7) On the side of the lower end, there is a refrigerant vapor inlet (19) flowing from the subcooler (8), and the nozzle (20) is mounted on the upper end, which flows out of the solution heat exchanger (16) through the nozzle (20). The chemical solution P1 flows into the GAX absorber 10 and is injected from the nozzle 20.

The medicinal solution P1 injected in the upper part of the GAX absorber 10 mixes with the refrigerant vapor C2 in the upper space and forms a film on the surface of the plate along the flow path formed between the plates and simultaneously flows downward to absorb the refrigerant vapor. Heat of absorption is removed by the strong solution flowing to the opposite flow path.

That is, if the mixed fluid of the refrigerant vapor C2 and the medicinal solution P1 flows between the first plate (a) and the second plate (b) (ab), between the second plate (b) and the third plate (c) (bc) The furnace flows the steel solution and again between the third plate (c) and the fourth plate (d) (cd) The furnace solution flows into the furnace and again between the third plate (c) and the fourth plate (d) (cd). This flow is repeated between different plates.

In other words, the upper space in which the medicinal solution-refrigerant vapor of the GAX absorber 10 is mixed is between the first plate (a) and the second plate (b) (ab), the third plate (c) and the fourth plate (d). In communication with the flow path formed between the (cd) and the continuous flow path formed in this order in succession, the strong liquid inlet 21 and the outlet 22 between the second plate (b) and the third plate (c), Similarly, the fourth plate and the fifth plate flow along the flow paths connected in sequence. The absorbing solution flows through the GAX absorber 10 and the solution cooling absorber 11 along the flow path continuously connected to the lower portion, and continuously absorbs the refrigerant vapor to increase the concentration. The absorption heat generated at this time is lower than the solution cooling absorber 11. The steel solution introduced into the installed steel solution inlet 21 removes the flow path opposite to the solution cooling absorber 11 and the GAX absorber 10 while flowing upward.

However, in the water cooling absorber 7, the cooling water W1 flowing through the cooling water inlet 23 flows to the steel solution passage portion instead, and the cooling water W1 is absorbed as the chemical solution absorbs the refrigerant vapor in the water cooling absorber 7. Heat is removed and flows out through the coolant outlet 24.

Here, the steel solution passage and the cooling water passage of the upper portion of the water cooling absorber 7 are separated, and the GAX absorber 10 and the solution cooling absorber 11 are identically formed.

In the lower space of the water cooling absorber 7, the medicinal solution flowing into the upper portion of the GAX absorber 10 absorbs the refrigerant vapor C2 flowing from the subcooler 8 while passing through each part of the absorber unit 4, thereby initial concentration. It becomes a strong solution of, and flows out through the river solution outlet 25 installed at the bottom.

Therefore, the conventional absorber unit 4 has the characteristic that the flow path of the absorbing solution between the solution cooling absorber 11 and the water cooling absorber 7 is continuously communicated with the upper part and the lower part.

However, in the conventional absorber unit, the absorbent solution sprayed by the nozzle on the top of the GAX absorber structurally forms an even film on the surface of the heat exchanger plate only in the upper region, and flows downward to unite the solutions by the surface tension of the absorbent solution. The surface wetting of the surface becomes extremely bad. This phenomenon acts as a problem of degrading the absorber performance because the contact area between the absorbing solution and the refrigerant vapor and the heat of the contact with the relative heat medium flowing in the opposite flow path is reduced to remove the heat of absorption and the absorption heat.

It is therefore an object of the present invention to maintain the poor surface wetting condition of the absorbent solution sprayed on the heat exchanger plate of the absorber unit in a good state to prevent deterioration of the absorber.

1 is a schematic diagram of an absorption heat pump cycle;

2 is a schematic view of a conventional absorber unit;

3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA ′ of FIG. 2.

4 is a schematic diagram of an absorber unit according to the present invention;

Figure 5 is an absorption redistribution device according to the invention.

Figure 6 is a combined state of the absorbing solution redistribution device according to the invention.

* Description of the symbols for the main parts of the drawings *

1: regenerator 2: condenser

3: Evaporator 4: Absorber Unit

5: burner 6: outdoor unit

7: Water Cooled Absorber 8: Super Cooler

10: GAX Absorber 11: Solution Cooling Absorber

12: Water Cooling Absorber 13: Rectifier

14: analyzer 16: solution heat exchanger

17: Heat exchange plate 18: Heat exchange pin

19: refrigerant steam inlet 20: nozzle

21: Strong solution inlet 22: Outlet

23: cooling water inlet 24: cooling water inlet

25: Strong solution outlet 30: Absorption solution redistribution device

31: Absorption solution receiver 32: refrigerant vapor flow path

33: Distribution pipe 34: Absorption solution guide

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a cooling and heating system including a regenerator, a condenser, an evaporator, an absorber unit, a rectifier, a refrigerant heat exchanger, a solution heat exchanger, and the like;

The absorber unit,

A tray-shaped absorbent liquid receiver and a refrigerant vapor flow path penetrating the upper and lower parts of the same shape as the outer shape of the absorber and separated in the same cross-sectional shape as the cross section of each fluid flow path on the lower extension line of each fluid flow path of the absorber unit. Alternately, the solution receiver is characterized in that it has a plurality of tube-type distribution pipes.

Preferably, the distribution pipe is installed at both sides at regular intervals in a row at the bottom of the absorbent solution receiver and has a zigzag arrangement, and the same distribution pipes are also installed at the bottom of the absorbent solution receiver other than the cataclysm. .

Optionally, the diameter of the distribution tube is adjusted according to the distance between the plates, which are one absorbing solution flow paths, and the absorbing solution flow rate, and the lower end thereof is cut at an angle of about 45 ° upwardly and horizontally opposite to the plate surface. It is done.

Optionally, the lower end of both plates of the absorbent solution flower upper solution cooling absorber has an absorbent solution guide bent into the absorbent solution flow path.

If the absorber redistribution device consisting of the absorber solution receiver and the distribution tube is separately made in the absorber unit, the absorbent solution sprayed from the upper part of the absorber forms an even film on the entire surface of the heat exchanger plate. That is, it is possible to obtain a good absorbing solution wet state by reducing the aggregation by surface tension, and to improve the absorber performance by expanding the contact area between the heating mediums.

An embodiment of the present invention is an absorption type heating and cooling system including a regenerator 1, a condenser 2, an evaporator 3, an absorber unit 4, a rectifier 13, a supercooler 8, a solution heat exchanger 16, and the like. In the system, in particular, in a system in which the plate heat exchanger is installed as an integrated absorber unit and a solution heat exchanger, an absorbent solution redistribution device 30 as shown in FIG. 4 is provided below the solution cooling absorber constituting the integrated absorber unit.

The absorbent solution redistribution device 30 has the same shape as the outer shape of the absorber unit 4 and is isolated inside the same cross-sectional shape as the cross section of each fluid flow path on the lower extension line of each fluid flow path of the absorber unit 4. The tray-shaped absorbing solution receiver 31 and the upper and lower coolant vapor flow passage 32 alternately and alternately, the lower portion of the solution receiver 31 has a plurality of tube-type distribution pipes (33) ) Is installed.

These distribution pipes 33 are installed at both sides at regular intervals in a row at a lower portion of the absorbent solution receiver 31 and have a zigzag arrangement, and the same distribution tubes 33 are also installed below the absorbent solution receiver 31. It is. The diameter of the distribution tube 33 changes fluidly according to the distance between the plates, which are one absorption solution flow path, and the absorption liquid flow rate, and the lower end of the distribution pipe is upwardly opposite from the horizontal by about 45 ° from the portion in contact with the surface of the plate. It is cut obliquely.

And the lower end of both plates of the absorbent solution flow path of the solution cooling absorber 11 above the absorbent solution receiver 31 has an absorbent solution guide 34 which is bent inward to the absorbent solution flow path.

By inserting the absorbing solution redistribution device 30 between the solution cooling absorber 11 and the water cooling absorber 7 as described above, the plate surface wetting state of the absorbing solution can be improved.

Absorber solution redistribution device 30 has the same shape as the outer shape of the absorber unit.

Inside the liquid cooling absorber 11, there is a tray-shaped absorbing solution receiver 31 which is isolated in the same cross-sectional shape as the cross section of each fluid passage on the lower extension line of each absorbing solution passage. The absorbent solution that flows down is once accumulated through it, and each absorbent solution receiver 31 on the extension line of each absorbent solution flow passage in the upper part contains the absorbent solution flowing down as each absorbing solution flow passage flows. When a certain level is reached, the absorbent solution is distributed on the surface of the lower water cooling absorber 7 plate by a plurality of distribution pipes 33 installed below the solution receiver 31 by the head.

The distribution pipes 33 are installed in a line at regular intervals and are respectively installed on both sides, and the distribution pipes 33 installed on both sides are installed in a zigzag arrangement so that the membrane of the absorbent solution may be broken at the interval between the distribution pipes 33 installed on one side. Complementary situations can be made to allow more continuous absorbent solution films to form on the plate surface.

The same distribution pipe 33 is provided also in the lower part of the absorption liquid receiver 31 other than a catastrophic event. In general, the diameter of the distribution pipe 33 is fluidly changed according to the distance between the plates, which are one absorption solution flow path, and the absorption solution flow rate. The lower end of the distribution pipe 33 is cut inclined upwardly by about 45 ° from the horizontal in contact with the surface of the plate so that a better distribution is possible on the surface of the plate.

Refrigerant rising from the water cooling absorber 7 is an area in contact with the absorbing solution receiver 31 having the same cross-sectional area on the lower extension line of the strong solution flow path of the solution cooling absorber 11 of the absorption liquid redistribution device 30. A coolant vapor passage 32 is provided to penetrate the upper and lower portions so as to be used as the flow passage of steam. That is, the refrigerant vapor flowing into the lower portion of the water cooling absorber 7 rises in the same flow path as the absorption liquid flow path of the water cooling absorber 7, while some refrigerant vapor is absorbed in the absorption liquid, and then the distribution pipe of the absorption liquid redistribution device 33 After passing through the space between the through the refrigerant vapor flow path 32 of the absorption solution redistribution device 30 is introduced into the absorption solution flow path of the solution cooling absorber (11).

The lower end of both plates of the absorbent solution flow path of the solution cooling absorber 11 above the absorbent solution receiver 31 has an absorbent solution guide 34 that is bent into the absorbent solution flow path. In this way, the absorbent solution is not likely to flow into the refrigerant vapor flow path 32 in contact with the absorbent solution receiver 31 so that the entire absorbent solution is contained in the absorbent solution receiver 31.

Therefore, as the absorbent solution sprayed by the nozzle on the upper part of the GAX absorber 10 of the absorber unit 4 forms a stable film on the surface of the heat exchange plate in the upper region and then flows downward, the solution aggregates together by the surface tension of the absorbent solution. In the upper part of the water cooling absorber 7 by the absorbing solution redistribution device 30 between the solution cooling absorber 11 and the water cooling absorber 7, the phenomenon of surface wetting of the absorbent solution becomes worse. By redistributing the absorbent solution once again, the absorbing solution wetting condition on the surface of both sides of the absorbent solution flow path of the water-cooled absorber (7) where most of the absorption phenomenon occurs is improved, enabling a uniform film formation on the heat exchanger plate in the lower region. Do.

As such, the present invention removes the contact area of the absorbent solution and the refrigerant vapor and the heat of absorption by inducing the absorbent solution sprayed by the nozzle in the upper part of the absorber unit to obtain a good surface wet state by forming a uniform film in the upper and lower regions of the heat exchanger plate. To improve the absorption performance of the absorber by increasing the contact area with the relative heat medium that is isolated to flow through the opposite flow path, and the overall efficiency and performance of the system.

Claims (4)

A cooling and heating system including a regenerator, a condenser, an evaporator, an absorber unit, a rectifier, a refrigerant heat exchanger, a solution heat exchanger, and the like; The absorber unit alternately has an absorbent solution receiver separated from each other in the cross section corresponding to the cross section of each fluid passage on the lower end of the fluid passage, and a refrigerant vapor passage through which the upper and lower portions pass. Absorption solution redistribution device of the absorption air-conditioner, characterized in that it has a distribution tube. The method of claim 1, The distribution pipes are installed in a zigzag arrangement on both sides at regular intervals in a row at a lower portion of the absorbent solution receiver, and the same absorption pipe is installed at the lower portion of the absorbent solution receiver other than the catastrophic absorber. Distribution device. The method according to claim 1 or 2, The diameter of the distribution pipe is adjusted according to the distance between the plates and the absorption liquid flow rate of one absorbing solution flow path, and the lower end thereof is inclined and cut at an opposite side about 45 ° upward from the horizontal surface in contact with the plate surface. Absorption solution redistribution device of the absorption air-conditioner. The method of claim 1, Absorbing solution redistribution device of the absorption type air conditioner, characterized in that the lower end of the both sides of the absorption solution flow path of the absorption solution receiver upper solution cooling absorber has an absorption solution guide bent into the absorption solution flow path.