KR20000030033A - Refractory composition and spin-type refractory body for deviding molten steel and molten slag - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: Provided is a fireproof construction for using separating solution from high temperature liquefied material with the specific gravity of the different kind such as mineral slag occurred with melting metal in the inside of construction naturally while melting metal refining work process of the steel industry or nonferrous industry. CONSTITUTION: The top shape fireproof construction(19) is characterized by using for putting the inside of outlet as discharge by gravity melting solution which is the different kind at high temperature. The composition of top shape fireproof construction contains 30-75wt.% of chromite powder of diameter 1mm or less, 5-20 wt.% of polstellite powder of diameter 5mm or less, 5-15wt.% of magnesia powder of diameter 0.074mm or less, 10-30wt.% of metal fiber, 1wt.% of perlite powder of 0.074mm or less, 4 wt.% of a binding material. The composition of fireproof construction for separating contains 14-30 wt.% of silica powder of diameter 1mm or less, 15-30 wt.% of agalmatolite, 20-60 wt.% of clay, 5-10 wt.% of alumina cement, 1-5 wt.% of perlite, 1-5% wt.% of spodumene, 5 wt.% of a binding materials.

Description

Refractory composition and spin-type refractory body for deviding molten steel and molten slag}

The present invention relates to a refractory structure for liquid separation which can be separated at high temperature in a container for processing or storing two or more melts having different specific weights in the steel industry, the non-ferrous industry, and the industrial fields dealing with molten materials. For the separation of molten slag in converters, for temporary molten metal discharge in storage and transport containers such as ladles and tundish, and for the separation of molten copper such as molten copper, aluminum and zinc in molten tanks in the non-ferrous industry. It can be used for separation of melting furnace or electric melting furnace or separation of refractory material for acid resistance.

In particular, in the industrial furnace body which handles high temperature melt which does not mix with each other with large specific gravity difference, melt-resistant structure of this invention can be used effectively, and the fireproof structure of this invention When the wettability of the solution is poor, the separation efficiency is better, and the effect is very high in an industrial furnace which requires separation in a short time.

As a technique known to separate hot melts which are not mixed with each other in an industrial furnace body, a spherical refractory structure 1 having a specific gravity control as shown in FIG. At a height between the high specific gravity melt (3) and the low specific gravity melt (2) due to the difference in specific gravity so that the outlet is closed by the fire resistant structure (1) at the end of the high specific melt discharge. A method of using the principle is known.

Also, as shown in FIG. 2, the branch for feeding is introduced into the passage 12 of the solution outlet 12 to separate the high specific gravity 9 and the low specific gravity 8 as described above. The method is known, and in a furnace such as glass melting furnace, Zhejiang ladle, and tundish, a method of using a flow control sliding nozzle outside the furnace for the purpose of discharging or closing a small amount of melt and a discharge outlet directly inside the furnace It is known to insert a refractory structure to control or close the discharge of molten metal or hot melt.

The method of FIG. 1 is to inject the refractory structure as shown in FIG. 3 into the outlet port inside the furnace body as an input device by using the transport hook 15, and the separation efficiency is large depending on the timing of the refractory structure and the accuracy of the input device. It is easy to be affected, especially when the high specific gravity melt (3) and the low specific gravity melt (2) are present in the form of a layer, it shows problems in accurate positioning according to the discharge speed of the melt. That is, when the refractory structure 1 is used at the end of the discharge of the high temperature specific gravity melt, the probability of closing the outlet 6 exactly as shown in FIG. The reason is that the refractory structure 1 is almost spherical and the center of gravity is located at the center so that it is easily moved along the flow direction of the melt in the melt having high fluidity. In addition, since the refractory structure of FIG. 3 tries to control the specific gravity by the specific gravity strengthening metal mass 14 and is spherical, it is difficult to keep the center of gravity from the transport hanger 15 during manufacturing, and it is difficult to handle the product. . Above all, the refractory structure of FIG. 1 is pointed out as a problem in that the success rate and efficiency of separation are not good for use for the purpose of separating from the inside of the furnace in discharging hot melts which are not mixed with each other.

In the method of FIG. 2, the refractory structure as shown in FIG. 4 is introduced into the outlet port of the inside of the furnace body by using the transporting or fixing hook 17, but the insertion branch 18 is inserted into the outlet 12. In this way, the separation efficiency is much improved compared to the method of FIG. 1, but the branch 18 for injection is too long and the center of gravity by the refractory 16 is concentrated on the upper portion of the refractory structure 7. When the refractory branch 18 is not inserted into the outlet 12 correctly when the refractory structure is initially input for the first time, the purpose of the liquid separation fails and the operation of the liquid separation is delayed. Therefore, the method of FIG. 2 is important, among other things, the success rate of the outlet inlet of the input branch and the stable coupling of the refractory 16 part.

Sliding nozzles made of refractory are mechanically opened and closed to the outside of the furnace to be used for casting molten metal.It is mainly used for controlling flow rate, ie, repeatedly discharging and blocking, rather than for liquid separation. When the structure is operated up and down mechanically to control the discharge of the solution also corresponds to the method used for the same purpose as the sliding nozzle.

The present invention effectively separates, ie, separates, two types of hot liquid materials having different specific gravity, such as inorganic molten slag, which inevitably occurs with molten metal in the furnace during molten metal refining operation in the steel industry or nonferrous industry. It relates to a refractory structure for use for the purpose of minimizing the mixing of molten slag at the time of discharging molten metal from the furnace, and melting the instantaneous excess of molten slag at the end of the discharge of high specific gravity molten metal Separation type fireproofing for liquid separation, which effectively captures and separates the separation moment with molten slag by appropriately slowing down the discharge rate of the end of metal discharge, and enables stable quality control of molten metal and smooth operation in subsequent processes. Its purpose is to provide structures and compositions.

1 is a conceptual diagram of a conventional liquid-resistant fireproof structure.

2 is a conceptual view of another conventional liquid-resistant refractory structure.

3 is a configuration diagram of the fireproof structure for liquid separation of FIG.

4 is a configuration diagram of the fireproof structure for liquid separation of FIG.

5 is a conceptual view of the liquid-resistant refractory structure of the present invention.

6 is a configuration diagram of the spinning top refractory structure for liquid separation of the present invention,

(a) is a refractory structure without branches.

(b) is a branched top refractory structure.

(c) is a top type fire-resistant structure with branches for feeding.

(d) is a top type fireproof structure with protective branches.

(e) is a fireproof structure of type (a) with a groove for controlling terminal flow rate.

*** Brief description of the main parts of the drawing ***

19: top type refractory structure 20: low specific gravity liquid

21: high specific gravity liquid 23: transport container

24: outlet 25: fixing hanger

26: top type fireproof structure 27: support anchor

28: metal ingot 29: metal shell

30: metal branch for insertion 31: protective branch

32: adjusting groove

According to the present invention, in the process of separating and discharging heterogeneous hot melts having different specific gravity from the industrial furnace through gravity through the lower outlet, the specific gravity difference and self weight from the suspended state without mechanical or electrical control from the outside of the furnace are separated. The fire resistant structure which isolate | separates, ie, separates a high temperature melt | dissolution by this, basically discloses a flame-resistant fire resistant structure.

The top type refractory structure of the present invention has a branched refractory structure as shown in (a) of FIG. 6 as a basic type, and a top type refractory structure having branches as shown in (b) of FIG. A top fireproof structure with a protective branch like (d), a top fireproof structure with a groove for controlling melt discharge rate such as (e), and the center of gravity of the present invention is characterized by It does not have a branch or a short form, and can take the stand-alone form, but once it is injected into the melt as shown in FIG. 5, it has a stable position. As shown in (30) and (31) of FIG. With or without eggplant, it is always possible to maintain a stable form in the melt.

Hereinafter, the structure and material in the fire resistant structure of this invention are explained in full detail.

6 (a) which corresponds to the basic structure of the top-type fireproof frame of the present invention is a refractory structure without branching, and the center of gravity at the time of inputting for discharging and discharging heterogeneous high temperature solution having different specific gravity in the furnace body is located at a high temperature. Regardless of the flow direction of the melt, it has the characteristic of standing up. That is, once it is injected directly into the outlet of the solid solution melt, the resistance of the melt is discharged along the inverted direction along the inverted cone shape of the top refractory structure 19 so that the outlet is naturally located on the outlet. It quickly leads to closure. In this case, the closing speed of the outlet by the top refractory structure is greatly influenced by the inclination angle of the inverted cone of the refractory structure. It is preferable to have an angle between 45 degrees and 75 degrees, ideally at 60 degrees. However, as the angle becomes sharper, that is, when it is smaller than 45 degrees, it is affected by the discharge speed so that the closing speed of the discharge port is not only faster, but also the barrier is strongly blocked, which makes it difficult to follow-up operation and the liquid separation efficiency becomes worse. As the angle becomes slower, that is, when it exceeds 75 degrees, the influence of the discharge rate is reduced and the resistance to the inclined surface of the inverted cone becomes too small, so that the outlet flows as the melt flow moves during the hot melt discharge process. It is easy to get out of the upper part, and the likelihood of failure to separate the desired heterogeneous hot melt increases. Therefore, in the top-shaped refractory structure 19 for discharging and discharging heterogeneous hot melt having different specific gravity, the angle of the inverted conical inclined surface is ideally around 60 degrees, and the inconvenience of manufacturing the refractory structure. It can be less, but a structure with a slight curvature is also acceptable.

On the other hand, one of the important technical gist of the top type fireproof structure of the present invention is that the low center of gravity of the fireproof structure is efficiently maintained while maintaining a stable inverse cone shape in the high temperature melt and the low specific gravity ( 20) can be separated. That is, in the related art, as in the refractory structure of FIG. 4, the center of gravity is located at the upper part according to the addition of specific gravity control metal pieces or metal fibers in the refractory structure, so that the stability of the refractory structure in the melt cannot be secured. In order to adopt the method of fitting the iron rods, such as the fixing hook 17 of Figure 4 in order to do this also had a large effect due to the high specific gravity melt. In order to solve such a drawback, the present invention is a material in which the refractory composition of the top type refractory structure 26 has good corrosion resistance and heat insulation in hot melt and has very bad wettability to hot melt. In view of the selective adoption of the annular metal mass corresponding to the weight of the specific gravity control metal piece or metal fiber added to the refractory structure is formed by installing and molding the refractory structure 19, as shown in FIG. At this time, the fixing hanger 25 of Figure 6 may be made by welding to the refractory structure 19, the support anchor 27, or to be assembled to the annular metal mass 28 in the form of the impending use after manufacturing the refractory structure It is okay. The cyclic metal mass depends on the heterogeneous melt to be separated, but it is generally recommended to use at least 10% by weight to 30% by weight relative to the weight of the refractory structure. The efficiency is lowered, and if it exceeds 30% by weight, the separation is terminated early and the efficiency is also lowered. In addition, the weight ratio of the annular metal mass for the center of gravity can be reduced from 95% to 50% according to the difference in specific gravity or the difference in viscosity of the hot melt, and an iron core such as stainless fiber may be added for extra weight reinforcement. If the weight is distributed around 10% by weight, the ideal center of gravity and the thermal shock resistance can be improved.

In addition, the refractory structure of the present invention has a feature that includes a metal shell 29 for protecting the refractory structure as shown in (b) of FIG. 6, which is advantageous in handling storage, movement, etc. of the refractory structure 19, but at the same time, Has the advantage of. In other words, the conventional refractory structure has a hassle to put the refractory composition in a specific mold and demoulded through various molding methods such as vibration molding, press molding or injection molding, but the present invention can reduce the demolding process, thereby reducing the manufacturing cost. When used for the separation of high-yield melt, the metal shell with a thickness of about 0.5 ~ 1mm is dissolved into the high-density hot melt as it is, which helps in the stable use of the refractory structure. In addition, there is an advantage that can reduce the damage during transportation.

The size and weight of the refractory structure is preferably different depending on the amount of heterogeneous hot solution with different specific gravity or the discharge port installed in the furnace.The diameter of the upper part of the refractory structure is at least 1.1 times the diameter of the melt outlet and at most 1.5. The size of is good, the ideal size is 1.2 times and the separation efficiency is the best. The reason is that if the diameter of the inverted cone upper part of the refractory structure is less than 1.1 times the diameter of the melt outlet, the phenomenon of the refractory structure is easily jammed in the outlet of the refractory structure, and if it exceeds 1.5 times, the refractory structure becomes excessive, resulting in inconvenience in use. Of course, it is easy to hinder operation such as difficulty in processing the residual refractory structure after separation.

In addition, the top type refractory structure for liquid separation of the present invention has a branched structure, a branched structure, and a protective structure that can be selectively employed according to the characteristics of different types of high-temperature melt, that is, the viscosity and the vortex state before discharge in the furnace body. It features a branched structure and a flow rate groove.

That is, as shown in (c) of FIG. 6, a refractory structure having a simple branch or an input branch 30 has a lower melting temperature than a branch of the refractory structure or a vortex immediately before the discharge of the melt, or in a furnace. In the case where the high and low specific melt concentrations of the shelf require excessive discharge and liquid separation at the correct rates, the refractory structure with the protective branch of (d) has a different melt temperature. (E) If the discharge rate of the refractory structure is longer than the melting point of the molten metal, or (e), the discharge rate of heterogeneous hot melt is excessive. In order to prevent the mixing of low specific gravity melt due to the vortex generated by the fire resistant structure of each can be properly employed to maximize the separation efficiency.

Hereinafter, the fire resistance composition of the spinning top fire-resistant structure of this invention is described.

The fire resistant structure of FIG. 6 is (a), (b), (c), (d) and (e) all the same, and when used, it is resistant to the instantaneous temperature increase while maintaining the shape for a certain time in different hot melts. It is strong and requires a composition that does not cause defects such as destruction. To achieve this, chromium ore, magnesium oxide, and phosphite are mainly composed of other binders. Chromium ore and phosphite have excellent thermal shock resistance and high fire resistance, and can be used without thermal shock damage inside the furnace body where different types of hot melts are interposed.Magnesium oxide is a high fire resistant material. By suppressing the thermal shock damage is reduced to maintain the strength at the operating temperature, the binder plays a role in each of the necessary to form the refractory structure. In addition, a small amount of metal fiber or vinylon is added in order to improve thermal shock damage when the top-shaped structure is introduced into the hot melt. Hereinafter, the specific composition of each refractory composition is demonstrated.

The gyro-type fireproof structure of the present invention has a chromium ore of at least 30% by weight up to 75% by weight for particles having a particle diameter of 1 mm or less used for the manufacture of a conventional firebrick, and at least 5% by weight for up to 20% of particles having a particle diameter of 5 mm or 3 mm or less. By weight, magnesium oxide is at least 5% by weight up to 15% by weight of powders less than 0.074 mm, metal fibers at least 10% by weight up to 30% by weight, and around 1% of Petalite powder is less than 0.074 mm, and the binder is about 4% by weight. It is composed. Chromium ore is less than 30% by weight of the refractory structure, the thermal shock resistance is lowered, and there is a risk of breakage before the end of the liquid separation when using the refractory structure. Extremely bad When the content is less than 5% by weight, the effect of improving the thermal shock resistance is almost no, and if the content exceeds 20% by weight, the moldability of the fire resistant structure is lowered and the fire resistance is lowered, so that it is difficult to maintain sufficient fire resistance during the separation time. If the magnesium oxide content is less than 5% by weight, the effect of improving the fire resistance of the refractory structure is insufficient, and if the content exceeds 15% by weight, the thermal shock resistance is sharply dropped and there is a risk of breakage during use. In addition, the metal fiber is used together with the annular metal mass for the center of gravity. If less than 10% by weight of the refractory composition, the effect of suppressing crack formation that occurs during the use of the refractory structure is insufficient, and when it exceeds 30% by weight, the specific gravity of the refractory structure is exceeded. This increases, causing problems in separation efficiency. The addition amount of the waste delite powder is usually good at around 1%, but when it is excessive, the fire resistance of the structure is drastically decreased. The binder is preferably an inorganic binder, preferably around 4% by weight, which is an amount usually added to the refractory material.

Hereinafter, the first embodiment will be described as relief.

Example 1

When the content of the chromium ore in the refractory composition of the top type refractory structure is less than 30% by weight as in Comparative Example '5' of Table 1 described below, even if the amount of addition of the metal fiber is excessive, the thermal shock resistance is not good, which is a problem. When the content exceeds 75% by weight, such as '10', the content of phosphite and metal fibers is limited, thereby reducing the thermal shock resistance. Folsterite is a material with high thermal shock resistance and relatively high refractory point with melting point of more than 1700 ℃. However, if it exceeds 20% by weight as in Comparative Example 6, the fire resistance of the refractory structure is lowered. If less than 5% by weight, as in Comparative Example '10', the degree of fire resistance is somewhat high, but there is a problem in the thermal shock resistance. Magnesium oxide, which exhibits high fire resistance of the refractory structure, when the content exceeds 15% by weight, the wettability to the molten metal is increased as in Comparative Example 6, and the separation efficiency is lowered, and less than 5% by weight as in '9'. The wettability of the molten metal or inorganic hot liquid phase in this figure is suitable as a fireproof structure for liquid separation, but the thermal shock resistance is poor and therefore not practical. In addition, when the refractory structure is added for separation, the metal fiber exhibiting initial heat shock resistance is extremely worse than the short time of the initial input when the metal fiber exhibiting more than 30% by weight, as in Comparative Example 5, also has a low degree of fire resistance. It can not be used as a refractory structure for separating high-temperature solutions. In addition, when less than 10% by weight, as in Comparative Examples '9' and '10', the content of the metal fiber is relatively low, and thus the thermal shock resistance is inferior. Petalite is a low melting point and low-expansion material with spodumene, which can suppress thermal expansion in a small amount by adding a small amount, and can instantly improve thermal shock resistance. When slightly excessive, such as 8 'causes a problem that the degree of fire resistance falls due to the low melting point material of melting temperature 1350 ℃. Organic fiber is sufficient to maintain strength before use of the refractory structure by adding 0.01 ~ 0.02% by weight of copper in the refractory composition of Table 1, and when the refractory structure is injected into the hot melt, it burns in a short time and has a great effect on the separation efficiency. There is no

In the top-type fireproof structure having a protective branch, the fireproof composition of the protective branch should be a material having excellent thermal shock resistance. The reason is that when the refractory structure is instantaneously injected into a high temperature liquid of 1500 ° C. or higher like molten metal, This is because failure of spalling due to thermal shock increases the possibility of liquid separation failure. Therefore, a siliceous refractory composition can be expected as the most suitable material. The fireproof composition of the protective branch in the gyro-type fireproof structure of the present invention focuses on such a point. First, the form of the protective branch 31 of (d) is formed at the lower end of the fixing hanger 25 of FIG. The first method was to wrap the ceramic fiber as much as possible and cover the outside with the silica fireproof composition, and second, to assemble the silica fireproof composition to have the form of '31'. At least 14% by weight of up to 30% by weight of silica powder, at least 15% by weight of up to 10% by weight of feldspar, at least 1% by weight of up to 5% by weight of petalite or spodumene, and 5% by weight of binder. do.

Hereinafter, the reason for limiting the range for each material constituting the refractory composition of the protective branch in the top type refractory structure will be described in detail.

Example 2

In the fireproof composition constituting the protective branch, the content of silica giving heat shock resistance is ideally about 20% by weight. If it is less than 14% by weight, the thermal shock reduction effect is insufficient. The impact resistance is not good and can not be used as a protective branch, if more than 30% by weight, such as '10' causes a problem of poor corrosion resistance to molten metal. Pyrite acts to increase the fire resistance of protective branches. If less than 15% by weight is added, the thermal shock resistance and corrosion resistance to the metal are insufficient. If the content is more than 30% by weight, the thermal shock resistance is also increased as in Comparative Example '9'. Falls.

The clay has a dense protective branch and gives proper corrosion resistance. If it is less than 20% by weight, the fire resistance is lowered, and if it exceeds 60% by weight, the tissue becomes too dense and the thermal shock resistance is low. In addition, alumina cement plays a role in indicating the mechanical strength of the protective gouge at room temperature. If the added amount is less than 5% by weight, the bond strength at room temperature is insufficient and the thermal shock resistance is lowered. This falls too. Petalite is a lithium crab mineral such as spodumene, which is added in a small amount to suppress the expansion of the dragons in the heat, thereby improving the thermal shock resistance.If not added as in Comparative Example '6' or when 10% by weight is exceeded as in '8', It is not possible to improve the thermal shock at.

As described above, the present invention relates to a powder-resistant refractory structure capable of separating at least two different melts having a specific gravity that do not mix with each other in the steel industry, the non-ferrous industry, and the industrial field for handling molten materials. In this case, the molten slag of the converter can be effectively separated, and the residual molten metal in temporary storage and transport containers such as rattles and tundish can be effectively controlled and discharged, and in the non-ferrous industry, molten copper, aluminum, zinc in the molten tank Such a melt can be efficiently separated from the molten material of the glass melting furnace or the electric melting furnace, and can increase the separation efficiency to obtain industrial economic benefits. In particular, in the industrial furnace body which handles high temperature melt which does not mix with each other and the specific gravity difference of melt is large, when the two or more melts are distributed in layer form, the fire resistant structure of this invention can obtain the extremely big effect, and this invention When the wettability of the melt with respect to the refractory structure is poor, the separation efficiency is better, and the effect is very high in an industrial furnace which requires separation in a short time.

Claims (7)

In the fire-resistant structure which is used for discharging the molten liquid from the inner surface of the discharge port when discharging the hot heterogeneous melt in the furnace by gravity; The fire resistant structure, A refractory structure for liquid separation, characterized in that the conical shape is introduced into the melt in the furnace body having a stable position at the outlet. The method of claim 1, A fireproof structure for liquid separation, characterized in that the refractory structure has a branch for injection. The method according to claim 1 or 2, A fireproof structure for liquid separation, characterized in that the film is coated on the fireproof structure. The method of claim 2, Fireproof structure for liquid separation, characterized in that there is a protective branch along the input branch. In the fire-resistant structure which is used for discharging the molten liquid from the inner surface of the discharge port when discharging the hot heterogeneous melt in the furnace by gravity; The fire resistant structure, There is a melt discharge rate adjusting groove, Its tip and bottom are asymmetric inverted cones, Refractory structure for liquid separation, characterized in that there is a center of gravity on the middle of the lower part having a stable position is introduced into the melt in the furnace At least 30% by weight and at most 75% by weight of chromium ore powder having a particle size of less than 1mm, at least 5% by weight and at least 20% by weight of foslite powder having a particle size of 5mm or less, and at least 5% by weight of magnesium oxide powder having a particle size of less than 0.074mm. A fire-resistant composition of a fire-resistant structure for liquid separation consisting of 15% by weight, at least 10% by weight of metal fibers up to 30% by weight, 1% by weight of Petallite powder of 0.074 mm or less, and 4% by weight of binder. At least 14% by weight and up to 30% by weight of silica powder with a particle diameter of 1mm or less, at least 15% by weight and up to 30% by weight of feldspar, at least 20% by weight of clay, at least 20% by weight of alumina cement, at least 5% by weight and up to 10% by weight of alumina cement, A composition of a refractory structure for liquid separation consisting of at least 1% by weight and up to 5% by weight of petalite or spodumene and 5% by weight of a binder.