KR20000021784A - Device for controlling temperature of steam of complex generation - Google Patents

Device for controlling temperature of steam of complex generation Download PDF

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Publication number
KR20000021784A
KR20000021784A KR1019980041054A KR19980041054A KR20000021784A KR 20000021784 A KR20000021784 A KR 20000021784A KR 1019980041054 A KR1019980041054 A KR 1019980041054A KR 19980041054 A KR19980041054 A KR 19980041054A KR 20000021784 A KR20000021784 A KR 20000021784A
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South Korea
Prior art keywords
steam
temperature
turbine
outlet
super heater
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KR1019980041054A
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Korean (ko)
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이기현
김현기
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윤영석
한국중공업 주식회사
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Priority to KR1019980041054A priority Critical patent/KR20000021784A/en
Publication of KR20000021784A publication Critical patent/KR20000021784A/en

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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01KSTEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K23/00Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids
    • F01K23/02Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled
    • F01K23/06Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle
    • F01K23/10Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle with exhaust fluid of one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle

Abstract

PURPOSE: A control device is provided to perform the control of temporary change of the temperature of steam due to the starting of a gas turbine and the temporary load change, to length the span of life of a steam turbine and to distribute to the stabilized operation of a waste heat recovery system. CONSTITUTION: A control device is installed in a distributed heat recovery boiler connected to the outlet of a gas turbine when the temperature of the distributed gas is up to 560-570°C, then rapid heat exchange is occurred in a super heater exposed directly to the distributed gas. Accordingly, the steam passing in the super heater is rapidly heated, and the pressure and the kinetic energy of the overheated steam are increased rapidly, so that the steam turbine is damaged due to the inflow of the overheated steam to the steam turbine connected to the super heater. Herein, the temperature of the steam falls temporarily by putting the steam of low temperature from an evaporator not over heated to the inlet of the secondary super heater when the temperature of the steam gushed from the outlet of a secondary super heater(3) is over a certain degree. Therefore, the range of temperature change is offset.

Description

복합발전 주증기온도 제어장치Combined cycle main steam temperature controller

본 발명은 복합발전 주증기온도 제어방법에 관한 것으로, 통상적으로 복합발전에 쓰이는 가스터빈의 출구 배가스온도가 부하변동이나 기동시에 이상적으로 변동할 때 이에 연동하여 증기터빈에 공급되는 주증기의 온도에 일시적인 변화를 초래하게 되는데, 이로인한 증기터빈의 수명단축을 막기 위해 효과적인 주증기온도의 변화폭을 상쇄시키는 장치를 제공함으로서 배열회수보일러의 안전운전은 물론 수명연장에 기여할 수 있다.The present invention relates to a method for controlling the main steam temperature of the combined cycle power generation, and generally, when the outlet flue gas temperature of the gas turbine used in the combined cycle power fluctuates ideally during load fluctuations or start-ups, the temperature of the main steam supplied to the steam turbine is linked. This results in a temporary change, which can contribute to the safe operation as well as the life of the waste heat recovery boiler by providing a device to offset the change in the effective main steam temperature to prevent the shortening of the steam turbine.

일반적으로 복합발전시스템은 연료를 연소시켜 고압고온의 연소가스를 발생시켜 이때의 연소가스로서 가스터빈을 구동하여 전기를 발생하는 가스터빈 시스템과, 상기 가스터빈을 구동하면서 배출되는 연소가스의 열로서 고온고압의 증기를 발생시키는 배열회수 증기발생기과, 상기 배열회수 증기발생기에서 발생된 증기로서 증기터빈을 구동시켜 전기를 얻는 증기터빈 시스템으로 구성되어 있다.In general, a combined power generation system burns fuel to generate a high-pressure, high-temperature combustion gas and drives gas turbines as combustion gases at this time, and generates electricity by driving gas turbines, and heat of combustion gas discharged while driving the gas turbines. A heat recovery steam generator that generates steam at high temperature and high pressure, and a steam turbine system that generates electricity by driving a steam turbine as steam generated in the heat recovery steam generator.

도 1은 종래의 스프레이밸브를 이용한 주증기온도 제어수단의 위치를 나타낸 개략 개통도이다.1 is a schematic opening diagram showing the position of the main steam temperature control means using a conventional spray valve.

상기 배열회수 보일러의 고압과열기로부터 배출되어 고압터빈을 돌리는 주증기에 있어서의 온도제어는 증기터빈(4')의 수명에 중대한 영향을 끼치는 것으로, 일반적으로 주증기온도제어는 도1에서 보는바와 같이 1차 과열기(2')와 2차 과열기(3')사이에 설치된 스프레이밸브(5')를 사용하여 제어를 한다.Temperature control in the main steam discharged from the high-pressure superheater of the heat recovery boiler to turn the high-pressure turbine has a significant effect on the life of the steam turbine (4 '), the main steam temperature control is generally shown in FIG. Similarly, control is performed using a spray valve 5 'installed between the primary superheater 2' and the secondary superheater 3 '.

그러나, 통상적으로 가스터빈 기동시나 부하변화시 등 가스터빈의 부하대별 가스터빈출구의 배가스온도가 변동이 심하여 이것이 주증기온도에 미치는 영향이 스프레이 유량의 변경에 의한 영향보다 커서 주증기온도를 제어하지 못하는 경우가 있다.However, in general, the flue gas temperature at the gas turbine outlet for each load band of the gas turbine is fluctuated such as when the gas turbine is started or when the load is changed. Therefore, the influence on the main steam temperature is greater than the effect of the change of the spray flow rate. You may not be able to.

기존의 주증기온도 제어방법은 도 1에서 보는 바와 같이 스프레이밸브(5')를 사용하여 제어를 한다. 그러나 가스터빈 부하가 100%인 정상운전 상태에서는 주증기온도의 설정치가 2차 과열기(3')출구의 온도보다 일반적으로 높아서 스프레이밸브(5')는 닫혀 있는 것이 일반적이다.The existing main steam temperature control method is controlled by using the spray valve (5 ') as shown in FIG. However, in the normal operation state where the gas turbine load is 100%, the set value of the main steam temperature is generally higher than the temperature of the secondary superheater 3 'exit, so that the spray valve 5' is generally closed.

따라서 주증기온도를 제어하기 위하여 스프레이밸브(5')가 열리는 현상은 주로 가스터빈의 기동시나 부하변화시 나타난다.Therefore, the opening of the spray valve 5 'to control the main steam temperature mainly occurs when the gas turbine is started or when the load changes.

일반적으로 기동시에는 먼저 주증기온도가 350℃이상이 되면 고압터빈(4')으로 통기를 시키고 그렇지 않을 경우에는 바이패스밸브(6')로 주증기를 보낸다. 이때 가스터빈부하는 40-50%정도이다.In general, when starting the main steam temperature is 350 ℃ or more first, the high-pressure turbine (4 ') is vented, otherwise the main steam to the bypass valve (6'). At this time, the gas turbine load is about 40-50%.

예를 들어 Westinghouse 501D5 가스터빈을 보면 가스터빈 부하가 약 60-70%대일 때 가스 터빈 출구배가스온도가 560-570℃로 최대로 되고 100%일 때는 509℃로 되기 때문에, 가스 터빈 부하가 60-70%대일 때 일시적으로 2차과열기(3')출구의 증기온도가 주증기 온도 설정치보다 상승하여 스프레이 밸브(5')가 열려 주증기온도를 제어하게 된다.For example, the Westinghouse 501D5 gas turbine shows that the gas turbine load exhaust gas temperature is about 560-570 ° C when the gas turbine load is about 60-70% and 509 ° C when it is 100%. At 70%, the steam temperature at the outlet of the secondary superheater 3 'temporarily rises above the main steam temperature set point, and the spray valve 5' opens to control the main steam temperature.

그러나, 이 경우 스프레이 밸브배관의 설계유량이 부하변동시 2차과열기 출구에서의 증기온도 급상승 현상을 커버할 수 있을 정도로 설계가 되지 않아, 스프레이밸브로는 주증기온도를 완전히 콘트롤할 수 없으며, 가스터빈출구의 배가스온도의 급격한 변화로 인한 주증기온도의 불규칙한 변화가 증기터빈의 수명을 짧게 하는 문제점이 있다.However, in this case, the design flow rate of the spray valve piping is not designed to cover the sudden rise of the steam temperature at the outlet of the secondary superheater when the load fluctuates, and the spray valve cannot fully control the main steam temperature. An irregular change in the main steam temperature due to a sudden change in the exhaust gas temperature of the turbine outlet shortens the life of the steam turbine.

상기와 같은 문제점을 해결하기 위해 안출된 본 발명은, 2차과열기 출구에서의 온도측정을 위한 온도센서에 연결되어 작동하는 콘트롤밸브로서 과열(Super heating)되지 않은 증발기 출구의 증기를 2차과열기 출구의 과열증기 온도하강에 이용하도록 구성되어, 가스터빈의 기동과정 및 일시적인 부하변동으로 인한 주증기온도의 일시적인 변화의 제어를 효율적으로 행하고, 이로서 증기터빈의 수명을 연장토록하며, 폐열회수시스템의 안정된 운용에 기여하는 등 탁월한 효과를 가진 온도제어수단의 제공을 그 목적으로 한다.The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, the control valve is connected to the temperature sensor for measuring the temperature at the secondary superheater outlet to operate the steam of the evaporator outlet that is not superheated (secondary superheater outlet) It is designed to be used to reduce the superheated steam temperature of the gas turbine, so that it is possible to efficiently control the temporary change of the main steam temperature due to the start-up of the gas turbine and the temporary load fluctuation, thereby extending the life of the steam turbine and to stabilize the waste heat recovery system. It is an object of the present invention to provide a temperature control means having excellent effects such as contributing to the operation.

이와 같은 목적은, 2차과열기 출구에 설치된 센서와 상기 2차과열기 출구배관과 증발기 출구에 연결된 바이패스라인과 상기 바이패스라인을 개폐하며 상기 센서의 설정치를 기준으로 작동하는 콘트롤밸브로 구성된 본 발명에 의해 달성될 수 있는 바, 이하 첨부된 도면을 참고로 상세히 설명한다.The present invention comprises a sensor installed at a secondary superheater outlet, a bypass line connected to the secondary superheater outlet pipe and an evaporator outlet, and a control valve which opens and closes the bypass line and operates based on a set value of the sensor. It can be achieved by the bar, will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

도 1은 종래의 스프레이밸브를 이용한 주증기온도 제어수단의 위치를 나타낸 개략 개통도.1 is a schematic opening diagram showing the position of the main steam temperature control means using a conventional spray valve.

도 2는 본 발명의 주증기온도 제어장치의 설치위치를 나타낸 개략 개통도.Figure 2 is a schematic opening diagram showing the installation position of the main steam temperature control device of the present invention.

*도면의 주요부분에 대한 부호의 설명** Description of the symbols for the main parts of the drawings *

1. 증발기 2. 1차 과열기1. Evaporator 2. Primary Superheater

3. 2차 과열기 4. 증기터빈3. Secondary superheater 4. Steam turbine

5. 스프레이밸브 6, 7. 바이패스밸브5. Spray Valve 6, 7. Bypass Valve

8. 바이패스라인8. Bypass Line

도 2는 본 발명의 주증기온도 제어장치의 설치위치를 나타낸 개략 개통도이다.Figure 2 is a schematic opening diagram showing the installation position of the main steam temperature control device of the present invention.

본 발명은, 가스터빈으로부터의 배가스열원을 증기터빈 구동에 이용하며, 증발기와 과열기 그리고 스프레이배관으로 이루어진 배열회수보일러의 주증기온도 제어수단에 있어서, 상기 2차과열기(3) 출구에 설치된 센서(도시하지 않음)와, 상기 2차과열기(3) 출구배관과 증발기(1) 출구에 연결된 바이패스라인(8)과, 상기 바이패스라인(8)을 개폐하며 상기 센서(도시하지 않음)의 설정치를 기준으로 작동하는 콘트롤밸브(7)로 구성된다.In the present invention, the exhaust gas heat source from the gas turbine is used to drive the steam turbine, and in the main steam temperature control means of the heat recovery boiler consisting of an evaporator, a superheater and a spray pipe, the sensor installed at the outlet of the secondary superheater (3) Not shown), the bypass line 8 connected to the outlet pipe of the secondary superheater 3 and the outlet of the evaporator 1, and the set value of the sensor (not shown) by opening and closing the bypass line 8; It consists of a control valve (7) operating on the basis of.

미설명부호 6은 바이패스밸브이다.Reference numeral 6 is a bypass valve.

이하, 본 발명의 작용에 관해 상세히 설명한다.Hereinafter, the operation of the present invention will be described in detail.

2차과열기 출구에서 나오는 과열 주증기 온도의 급한 상승으로 인한 증기터빈의 수명단축 문제의 해결방안으로서, 종래에는 스프레이배관의 설계유량을 늘리든지, 혹은 다른 방법을 찾아야 하는데, 본 발명에서는 이러한 현상이 일시적으로 일어나는 현상이라는 점에 착안하여, 스프레이배관의 설계유량을 늘리는 방법보다는 도2에서 보는 바와 같이 1차과열기(2)입구(또는 증발기(1)출구)에 바이패스라인을 설치하여 문제를 해결하고자 하는 본 발명의 요지이다.As a solution to the problem of shortening the life of the steam turbine due to the rapid rise of the superheated main steam temperature from the secondary superheater outlet, it is conventionally required to increase the design flow rate of the spray piping or find another method. Focusing on the temporary phenomenon, rather than increasing the design flow rate of the spray piping, the problem is solved by installing a bypass line at the inlet of the primary superheater (2) (or the outlet of the evaporator (1)) as shown in FIG. It is the subject matter of the present invention.

가스터빈이 초기 기동시나 부하변화시에는 가스터빈의 출구 배가스 온도는 급격히 상승하여 배가스온도가 560-570℃에 이를 경우가 있는데, 이럴 경우 상기 가스터빈 출구에 연결된 배열회수보일러 내부에 설치되며 상기 배가스에 직접 노출되는 과열기에 급격한 열교환이 발생하게 된다.When the gas turbine is initially started or the load is changed, the exhaust gas temperature of the gas turbine may increase rapidly, and the exhaust gas temperature may reach 560-570 ° C. In this case, the exhaust gas is installed inside the heat recovery boiler connected to the gas turbine outlet. Sudden heat exchange occurs in the superheater directly exposed to the.

따라서, 상기 과열기 내부를 통과하는 증기가 급격히 과열될 것이고, 이러한 과열된 증기의 압력과 운동에너지가 급격히 상승하여 과열기와 연결된 증기터빈으로 유입되면서 증기터빈을 손상시키게 된다.Therefore, the steam passing through the inside of the superheater will be suddenly overheated, and the pressure and kinetic energy of the superheated steam will rise rapidly and will enter the steam turbine connected to the superheater and damage the steam turbine.

그러므로, 2차과열기출구에서 분출되는 주증기의 온도가 급격히 상승되었을 경우에는 이를 적정한 수준으로 낮출 필요가 있는데, 이에 따라 우선 본 발명에서는 주증기의 온도를 측정하는 수단으로서 2차과열기 출구의 주증기온도를 측정하는 수단으로 센서를 갖추었으며, 상기 센서에서 측정된 온도가 미리 설정된 적정수준이상일 경우(가스터빈이나 증기터빈의 용량에 따라 주증기의 온도의 적정온도가 다양하게 됨)에 작동하는 콘트롤밸브(7)를, 2차과열기 출구와 1차과열기 입구(또는 증발기 출구) 사이에 설치된 바이패스배관에 부착하여, 주증기온도가 일정수준 이상일 때 아직 과열되지 증발기로부터의 저온증기를 2차과열기 출구에 투입함으로서 급격히 상승한 주증기의 온도를 일시적으로 떨어뜨려 변화폭을 상쇄시키는 작용을 하게 된다.Therefore, when the temperature of the main steam spouted from the secondary superheater outlet rises sharply, it is necessary to lower it to an appropriate level. Accordingly, in the present invention, the main steam at the outlet of the secondary superheater is first measured as a means for measuring the temperature of the main steam. It is equipped with a sensor as a means of measuring the temperature, and the control operates when the temperature measured by the sensor is higher than the preset appropriate level (the proper temperature of the main steam varies depending on the capacity of the gas turbine or steam turbine). Attach the valve (7) to the bypass pipe installed between the secondary superheater outlet and the primary superheater inlet (or evaporator outlet), so that the low temperature steam from the evaporator is not yet overheated when the primary steam temperature is above a certain level. By inputting to the outlet, the temperature of the main steam, which has risen sharply, is temporarily dropped to offset the change.

이상과 같이, 가스터빈의 일시적인 부하변화나 기동에 따른 주증기온도의 일시적인 변화를 상쇄함으로서 주증기온도를 증기터빈의 가동에 적정한 수준으로 제어할 수 있게 된다.As described above, the main steam temperature can be controlled to a level suitable for the operation of the steam turbine by canceling the temporary load change of the gas turbine or the temporary change of the main steam temperature due to the start-up.

본 발명을 적용하면 가스터빈의 기동이나 부하변화에 따라 배열회수보일러 입구의 배가스온도가 변화함에 따라 주증기온도에 미치는 영향을 줄임으로서 주증기온도제어의 성능을 향상시킬 수 있으며, 증기터빈의 수명을 획기적으로 연장시킴으로서, 배열회수보일러의 운용을 원활히 하고 또한 운전효율을 높이는 효과가 있다.Application of the present invention can improve the performance of the main steam temperature control by reducing the effect on the main steam temperature as the flue gas temperature of the heat recovery boiler inlet changes with the start of the gas turbine or load changes, the life of the steam turbine By significantly extending the efficiency of the heat recovery boiler, the operation efficiency is increased.

Claims (1)

가스터빈으로부터의 배가스열원을 증기터빈 구동에 이용하며, 증발기와 과열기 그리고 스프레이배관으로 이루어진 배열회수보일러의 주증기온도 제어수단에 있어서, 상기 2차과열기(3) 출구에 설치된 센서(도시하지 않음)와, 상기 2차과열기(3) 출구배관과 증발기(1) 출구에 연결된 바이패스라인(8)과, 상기 바이패스라인(8)을 개폐하며 상기 센서(도시하지 않음)의 설정치를 기준으로 작동하는 콘트롤밸브(7)로 구성되는 것을 특징으로 하는 복합발전 주증기온도 제어장치.In the main steam temperature control means of the heat recovery boiler consisting of an evaporator, a superheater, and a spray piping, the exhaust gas heat source from the gas turbine is used to drive a steam turbine, and a sensor (not shown) installed at the outlet of the secondary superheater (3). And a bypass line 8 connected to the outlet pipe of the secondary superheater 3 and an outlet of the evaporator 1, and opening and closing the bypass line 8 and operating based on a set value of the sensor (not shown). Combined power generation main steam temperature control device, characterized in that consisting of a control valve (7).
KR1019980041054A 1998-09-30 1998-09-30 Device for controlling temperature of steam of complex generation KR20000021784A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR101428418B1 (en) * 2012-08-29 2014-08-07 가부시키가이샤 고베 세이코쇼 Power generation apparatus and control method thereof

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR101428418B1 (en) * 2012-08-29 2014-08-07 가부시키가이샤 고베 세이코쇼 Power generation apparatus and control method thereof

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