KR20000013758U - Methane Gas Treatment Device for Organic Matter - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a methane gas treatment device for organic materials, especially anaerobic by removing food wastes into the digester through a crushing process after removing certain foreign matters through a foreign matter sorting conveyor using a processing capacity of 2 m ³ / day as a standard. geotinde to induce the generation of methane gas according to the method of Kane a useful alternative fuels of various types, and the food waste of 2m ³ / day as a standard for them to crusher through the after conveyor which stores an organic material of a daily dose in the reservoir While transporting, foreign substances such as vinyl and metal are sorted out, and the selected foreign matters are collected in a collecting tank, and food waste contains a large amount of water. Organic matter crushed at the inlet of the digester main body The fermentation begins in the first digester and passes through a 82 cm gap between the wall A and the bottom of the bottom of the digester main body to maintain an 8-degree bottom slope between the first digester and the second digester. The bottom of the floor has a chin height of 7cm, and the organic material slowly passes through, so that methane gas is generated in the second digestion tank, the oxidized waste liquid and sludge are stored in the waste liquid storage tank, and the waste liquid is transferred to the waste liquid drying furnace through the waste liquid transfer pipe. The methane gas is dried in a drying furnace using the heat of the methane gas, and the steam generated during the drying process is sucked into the digester to maintain a temperature of 32-35 ° C., which is the optimum temperature for producing methane bacteria, and the generated gas passes through the deodorizer and then settles. After the liquid is collected in the gas storage tank, it is controlled by the pressure regulator, and then in the drying furnace through the liquefaction preventer to prevent explosion. And drying the liquid and the sludge using a water vapor generated in this is characterized in that for maintaining the optimum temperature of the methane gas.

Description

Methane Gas Treatment Device for Organic Matter

The present invention relates to an apparatus for treating methane gas of organic materials, in particular, anaerobic method by removing food wastes through a foreign matter sorting conveyor using a processing capacity of 2m ³ / day as standard and introducing them into the digester through a crushing process. It provides a methane gas treatment device that causes the generation of methane gas by use and makes it possible to use as a variety of useful alternative fuels.

In general, food waste treatment devices and methods among organic materials have been proposed and implemented in many countries at home and abroad, but only small-scale treatment methods are available, and technology for processing large quantities at a time is insufficient. In the treatment technology, the generation of secondary pollution is remarkable, which is a serious problem in the commercialization stage.

In the method of treating methane gas of organic materials, which has been tried in the past, the small-scale treatment technology of 150 L / day of organic material treatment includes a structural problem that cannot be practically implemented.

For example, summarizing the contents of Korean Patent Publication No. 96-14042, the installed organic material is crushed by installing a grinder driven by a grinding roller through a conveyor, and then the organic material is transferred to the low temperature chamber to open the passage in the upper part of the low temperature chamber. The organic material is transferred to the high temperature room through the inclined bottom surface of the medium temperature room and the partition wall, and methane gas is generated in the high temperature fermentation room, and the gas is supplied along the supply pipe piped on the high temperature fermentation room. After deodorization is removed, the boiler is driven by an incinerator which is burned using the gas stored in the gas storage tank, and the temperature of the low temperature room is 7-8 ° C. in the middle temperature room, 20 ° C., It is said that the greenhouse temperature is maintained at 35 ~ 50 ℃, but the hot water and steam are kept in the same temperature in the boiler. When the tank is divided into a chamber and a high temperature chamber, when the inside of the tank is divided and sealed, each tank can be kept at a low temperature, a medium temperature, and a high temperature. unrealistic.

In addition, since methane is sensitive to temperature for methane gasification of organic materials by anaerobic method, it is essential to maintain a constant temperature and maintain proper PH. Therefore, the temperature is maintained according to the classification of low temperature room, middle temperature room and high temperature room. Sudan is rather an inhibitor of methane production and functions as an impractical factor.

In addition, it is possible to maintain the temperature by supplying hot water or steam to the low temperature chamber, the middle temperature chamber, and the high temperature chamber through a heating tube by driving the boiler by the incinerator which is burned by storing the gas generated by methanation of organic substances in a storage tank. means even when the food waste 150L / day treatment in a preferred anaerobic conditions of optimum temperature 35 ℃ and PH 7.0 the organics to methane gas production is that there is O.O1m ³ / day produced, jeoonsil above, middle temperature chamber, high-temperature chamber nine minutes Therefore, only a small amount of methane gas is generated in an irregular state of temperature maintenance, and thus it is impossible to maintain a constant temperature by driving a boiler.

In addition, the method and the technical idea of the above is to manufacture a capacity tank of about 40m ³ of steel structure and embed it in the basement, install an inlet in the upper part of the chamber, and put the organic material and excrement directly into the interior by 150L / day The methane gas generated by the denitrification is used only by the conventional method of deodorizing through the desulfurizer and discharged to the outside. The waste liquid generated in the process of oxidizing organic materials is not discharged and is naturally discharged, causing another secondary pollution. Is sitting down.

On the other hand, the structure and principle of the small-scale methanation treatment device having an input amount of 15OL / day and a volumetric capacity of about 4Om ³ provided to be applied to the organic material treatment and methanation treatment device of Korean Patent Publication No. 97-2627 Fermentation starts in the acid fermentation tank located at the bottom of the tank, and methane gas is generated in the methane gas fermentation chamber, and the oxidized waste liquid is partitioned to be collected in the alkaline fermentation chamber. It removes odors and releases it to the outside.The stirrer is installed at the inlet of organic materials, and about 5000 gauss of electromagnets are attached to the lower surface of the methane gas generating chamber. In order to prevent explosion in case of fire, constant water is stored in the upper part of methane gas generating chamber. In addition to installing a water tank, a heating cable is installed at the bottom of the tank, and four 5000 gauss of electromagnets are installed at the left and right sides of the methane gas generating chamber to decompose the polymer organic matter into a finer liquid state. Of organic waste, which leaves no residues of organic waste

In general, organic materials should be removed by using activated carbon or iron hydroxide by the method of wet or dry desulfurization to remove odors of hydrogen sulfide, ammonia, sulfur, skadol, and indole which are generated during oxidation. The adherence of the toxic gas generation stop plate by the principle of 5000 Gauss electromagnet has not been proved logically at all, and it is claimed that the pathogen killing plate is completely killed by the principle of electromagnetism. It is already known that pathogens and parasites are naturally killed without being influenced by the outside during the oxidation process.The polymer organic material is a finer low molecular organic material based on the principle of about 5000 Gauss electromagnet attached to the tank. Decomposes, leaving no residue It is unfounded that organic matters are analytically decomposed by organic methane into low molecular weight substances by various bacteria and finally decomposed by methane bacteria. none.

In addition, it is said that the installation of a water tank where constant water is circulated through the upper part of the methane gas generating chamber in the tank can prevent fire in case of explosion. It is naturally collected.

Although the oxidized waste liquid circulates around the tank to form a reservoir, the oxidized waste liquid is trapped in an alkaline fermenter and releases the waste liquid to the outside, thus confronting a structural problem that the reservoir cannot be formed.

Therefore, in practice, only the method of directly deodorizing the methane gas collected in the upper layer of the methane gas generating chamber by directly connecting the desulfurizer to the desulfurizer and then naturally discharging the trace amount of methane gas to the outside is adopted.

In order to improve the above problems, the present invention effectively treats food wastes from organic materials to small to large scale industries without secondary pollution, and methane gas produced in the process. Is proposed to be used as a separate alternative fuel.

Therefore, the object of the present invention is to start the fermentation of organic material is decomposed into low molecules in the polymer by starting fermentation, the wall is installed from the top of the digester to the bottom by a certain distance, for example, a 82cm organic material transfer passage between the bottom and the wall The organic material is allowed to pass through, and the jaw height of 7cm is placed at the bottom of the bottom between the first and second digesters maintaining an inclination of about 8 degrees, so that the number of digestion days and the digestion volume are constantly adjusted according to the inflow of organic materials. .

Another object of the present invention is to extinguish the waste liquid oxidized by methane in the digester and the sludge generated methane gas in the waste liquid drying furnace and inhale the steam generated in the process into the digester so that the optimum temperature for the production of methane is 32 ℃. When the temperature of the digester is maximized by maintaining the temperature of -35 ℃ and the optimum temperature of the digester is maintained, the excess waste liquid is used as a supplementary means by installing a combined purification tank of the flow rate adjusting aeration method. It is also possible to prevent the secondary pollution due to the waste liquid by discharging after discharge to less than 20ppm.

Another object of the present invention is that the pressure of methane gas generated during the organic material treatment process has a considerable pressure in the order of 150-200mm, and there is a risk of explosion when the mixing ratio with air is 5-15%. In addition, liquefaction preventers, pressure regulators and deodorizers are installed to prevent the risk of explosion and to produce methane gas with high efficiency and to be used as a substitute fuel.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention uses a food waste of 2m ³ / day as a standard to store organic materials in a daily storage in a storage tank, and then transfer foreign materials such as vinyl and metal parts while transferring them to a crusher through a conveyor. Silver is collected in a collecting tank, and food waste contains a large amount of water. During the transfer, the waste liquid flows down to the wastewater support and is transferred to the digester body through the wastewater conveying pipe, and the organic material crushed in the crusher is transported by the organic material conveying pipe. Fermentation begins in the first digester and flows through the 82cm gap between the wall A and the bottom, which is connected from the upper part of the digester body to the lower part, and maintains the bottom slope of 8 degrees. The bottom of the digestion tank has a chin height of 7 cm, and organic matter slowly passes through it, causing methane And the oxidized waste liquid and sludge are stored in the waste liquid storage tank, and the waste liquid is transferred to the waste liquid drying furnace through the waste liquid conveying pipe and dried in the drying furnace using the generated methane gas heat, and the steam generated during the drying process is sucked into the digester. The temperature of 32 ~ 35 ℃ which is the optimum temperature for methane production is maintained, and the generated gas is passed through the deodorizer, collected in the gas storage tank through the immersion machine, controlled through the pressure regulator, and then liquefied to prevent explosion. It is characterized by a device for maintaining the optimum temperature of the methane gas by using the steam generated by drying the waste liquid and sludge in the drying furnace through a preventer.

1 is a schematic diagram showing an apparatus for treating methanation of organic materials according to an embodiment of the present invention.

* Description of the symbols for the main parts of the drawings *

1: digester body 14: sample collection

2: organic material storage tank 15: pressure regulator

3: Selection Conveyor 16: Waste Tank

4: wastewater support 17: deodorizer

5: foreign matter collecting tank 18: gas metering

6: crusher 19: gas storage tank

7: wastewater transport pipe 20: liquefaction prevention

8: organic material transfer pipe 21: immersion

9: inlet 22: waste liquid drying furnace

10: 1st digestion tank 23: waste liquid conveying pipe

11-1: A wall 24: steam supply pipe

11-2: B Wall 25: Feed Control Box

12: organic matter transfer path 26: bottom slope

13: second fire hydrant 27: merger septic tank

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 is a schematic diagram showing an apparatus for treating methanation of organic materials according to the present invention.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the microorganisms that drive the anaerobic reaction are conditional bacteria and anaerobic bacteria, and the aerobic reaction is continuously performed by various kinds of bacteria.

The anaerobic reaction of organic substances is largely divided into two stages. The first digestion tank 10, which is an acidic fermentation tank, is a reaction in which organic substances are converted into alcohols and organic acids. CH ₄ , CO ₂ , H ₂ S, NH ₃ and the like.

At this time, sugar, amino acid, glycerin, organic acid, etc. are fed to bacteria during fermentation process. In the reaction of the first digestion tank 10, the organic material of the polymer is decomposed into low molecular weight by various kinds of bacteria. In the second digestion tank 13, it is finally decomposed by methane bacteria.

For example, Valeric acid, a high molecular material, is decomposed into a small amount of acetic acid, a low molecular weight by such a chain reaction, and then reacted by methane bacteria as follows.

When the anaerobic reaction of organic substances is concentrated in the first digestion tank 10 and the second digestion tank 13 of the present invention, they are as follows.

Bacteria K ₁ of organic matter + digester ₁ → non-reactive + reactive + digester 2

Carbohydrates Mainly Acid Formation Products Bacteria

Fat Bacteria Stabilized CO ₂ , H ₂ Methane Bacteria

Protein intermediates. Alcohol

Cellular organic acid

Intermediate

K ₂ End Product

→ CH4 + CO2 + H ₂ S, NH ₃

Stable decomposition products.

cell.

And if the organic acid produced in the first digestion tank (10) step is not reacted in a second digestion tank 13 without delay by methane bacteria, acid and CO ₂ accumulate in the digestion tank, the pH is 5-6 if the buffer capacity is destroyed Is lowered.

Since methane bacteria are sensitive to PH, digestion is slow at excessively low or high pH and the production rate of CH ₄ decreases. Therefore, samples should be collected through the sampling hole 14 to adjust the pH. Should put the pH up.

In addition, in the anaerobic treatment of organic substances, the methane forming bacteria are more affected than the acidic bacteria as the temperature decreases. As the reaction rate of these methane bacteria decreases, the methane production rate also decreases.

The optimum temperature for methane evolution is usually 35 ° C at medium and 55 ° C at high temperatures.

In the present invention, the waste liquid generated in the digestion process is transferred to the drying furnace 22 by using the gas generated in order to keep the optimum temperature 32-35 ° C. of methane bacteria at a constant temperature. The temperature control box 25 is installed to suck the generated water vapor into the first digestion tank 10 and the second digestion tank 13 to maintain a constant temperature.

In addition, the organic material introduced into the inlet 9 is concentrated in the first digestion tank 10, which is an acid fermentation tank, to prevent accumulation, and to uniformly adjust the number of days of digestion and the amount of digestion according to the inflow amount, and the waste liquid. The bottom between the reservoirs 16 has an inclination of 8 degrees and a 7 cm jaw height on the bottom to allow organic materials to naturally disperse. The A wall is a means to promote the digestion of organic materials by clarifying the classification of the digesters. (11-1) and B wall (11-2) are installed, and there is an 82 cm organic material transfer passage (12) between the lower end of the A wall (11-1) and the B wall (11-2) and the bottom of the bottom surface. have.

The food waste in the subject innovation a 2m ³ / day treatment standard by the water vapor generated in the course of using the methane gas generated in the digester capacity 8Om ^3, pH 50Omg / L, PH 7.3 Condition of cold temperature 5 ℃ drying the waste Inhalation into the digester maintained the temperature of the digester at 35 ° C. and the digestion took 30 days.

Here, the amount of methane generated was 0.9 m ³ / day, and the amount of generated heat was 7000O KJ / day.

In sikineunde digestion process the food waste in such a capacity as a standard can be variously treated depending on the requirement from 1OOL / day to 5Om ³ / day.

In addition, the pressure of methane gas usually has a considerable pressure in the order of 150-200mm, and there is a risk of explosion when the mixing ratio with air is 5-15%.

The gas pipe is a low pressure gas drawn from the digester, so use a PVC pipe, and the diameter of the pipe is not based on the daily average gas generation, but considering the gas generation at the maximum time. 22) The pressure loss should be the smallest.

Since the gas storage tank 19 does not coincide with the amount of gas produced and the amount of consumption varies with time, the amount of gas generated per day should be 25% for large-scale treatment plants and 40% for small-scale treatments.

The deodorizer 17 is a device for removing hydrogen sulfide (H ₂ S) because the generated gas is used as a heating fuel of the digester, and iron hydroxide is used by a dry desulfurization apparatus method. When iron hydroxide is used, the chemical reaction is

2Fe (OH) ₃ + 3H ₂ S → Fe ₂ S ₂ + 6H ₂ O + 14.79 Kcal

Fe ₂ O ₃ 3H ₂ O + 3H ₂ S → 2FeS + S + 6H ₂ O

In this method, the hydrogen sulfide removal rate is about 90%.

And the immersion tank 21 is installed in front of the gas storage tank 19 and the waste liquid drying furnace 22 in order to prevent the condensation water is generated due to the temperature drop, such as piping, the liquefaction preventer 20 is to explode the pipe of the flammable gas. It should be installed on top of the gas storage tank 19 to prevent it. Acceleration and deceleration regulator 15 is installed on the upper part of the digester (1) so that overpressure and negative pressure are operated at the same time, and the pressure in the digester must be constantly changed to prevent breakage of the digester (1), when the negative pressure of the air Since there is an intrusion, it is desirable to install an alarm device to prevent an explosion.

Gas meter 18 should be installed on the front of the gas storage tank in the fire extinguishing efficiency and combustion plan by accurately grasping the gas generated in the digester (1).

In addition, functional management that can maximize the function of the digester by promoting the reaction of microorganisms are as follows.

Example

That is, (1) In order to minimize heat loss, 100mm styrofoam is coated on the floor or wall, and it is constructed of reinforced concrete and covered with soil.

(2) In a total capacity of 80m ³ of fire extinguishing tank (1), 20% of 16m ³ hot water is introduced into digestion tank (1) at a temperature of 35 ° C. to make anaerobic conditions and then maintain a temperature suitable for the production of microorganisms.

In the relationship between the extinguishing temperature and the number of days of extinguishing, the number of days of extinguishing takes 25-30 days at the medium temperature of 30-37 ℃, and the minimum temperature is 10-15 ℃ at the medium temperature and the maximum is 45 ℃.

3 by methane fermentation microorganisms of raw manure or manure is added 2O% of the total capacity of approximately 16m ^{3 3} 8Om cultured methane bacteria.

Spawning is necessary for early promotion and stabilization of the digester.

(4) After 2 ~ 3 days, the inflow of organic material is started, and at least 15 days should be less than 1/2 of the daily input, and gradually increase after that.

(5) Over-injection of organic substances creates excessive products, breaks the nutrient balance in the digester, and if insufficient, it causes nutrient deficiency of microorganisms and kills microorganisms.

(6) Check the progress of extinguishing by measuring the amount of gas produced, pH, alkalinity, etc.

Digestion proceeded smoothly when the pH became less than 8.0 and the alkali acidity increased and the amount of methane gas generated increased.

(7) When inhaling water vapor into the digester, the water pressure is 0.5 Kg / cm ³ or less.

At this time, the inhalation of the low pressure steam should be used by connecting a steam injector to the digester, and the proliferation of anaerobic bacteria is temporarily suppressed by local high temperature contact with the steam injection point, but is recovered immediately because the subsequent growth increases.

Therefore, the present invention is particularly effective in treating food wastes of organic materials from small scale to large scale industries without secondary pollution, and methane gas produced in the process can be used as a separate alternative fuel. Will have

Meanwhile, the present invention exemplifies the best embodiment thereof, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and the present invention may be considered without departing from the scope of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention. Of course it will.

Claims (3)

The inside of the digester is divided into the first digester 10, the second digester 13, and the waste liquid storage tank 16, and the A wall 11-1 and the B wall 11- from the upper part of the digester main body 1 to the lower part. 2) is divided into 2) in the process of methane gasification of organic material, the 82cm organic material transfer passage 12 is installed between the bottom of the bottom after installing the A wall (11-1) and B wall (11-2) and The bottom surface between the first digestion tank 10 and the waste liquid storage tank 16 is maintained at an inclination of 8 degrees, and the jaw height of 7 cm is placed on the bottom bottom between the first digestion tank 10 and the second digestion tank 13 and the organic material. The 8-degree slope (26) of the bottom to constantly adjust the number of days of digestion and the amount of digestion according to the inflow, and the sampling hole (14) that is installed to check the reaction rate of methane and PH, etc. The temperature control box 25 is installed for temperature control, and is installed at the upper part of the methane gas generating chamber to operate the overpressure and the negative pressure simultaneously. By adjusting the pressure in the digester 1, the pressure regulator 15 to prevent breakage and explosion, the deodorizer 17 installed to remove odors, and pipes, etc., to prevent condensation from occurring due to a temperature drop. In order to prevent the pipe explosion of the combustible gas and the gas meter 18 for accurately grasping the gas generation of the digester, the liquefied preventer 20 is installed in order to prevent the pipe explosion of the combustible gas Methane gas treatment apparatus for an organic material, characterized in that it comprises a. The waste liquid stored in the waste liquid storage tank 16 is dried in a waste liquid drying furnace 22 through a waste liquid conveying pipe 23, and the steam generated in the drying process is digested through a steam supply pipe 24. 1) to maintain the optimum temperature of methane bacteria production, and to maintain the optimum temperature of the digestion tank and to temporarily stop the inhalation of water vapor, install the combined purification tank (27) of the flow control contact aeration method as an auxiliary means. Methane gas treatment apparatus for organic material, characterized in that the discharge after treating the BOD, SS to 20ppm or less. According to claim 1, wherein the 82cm organic material transfer passage 12 installed between the A wall (11-1) and the bottom of the bottom by mixing 16m ³ of hot water of 35 ℃ and 16m ³ of live manure or system powder of methane spawn; Fill the mixture in the first digestion tank 10 and the second digestion tank 13 so as not to allow air to pass through, and incubate the methane bacteria at a temperature suitable for the production of microorganisms. Methane gas treatment apparatus for organic matter, characterized in that less than 2 and configured to increase gradually thereafter.