KR20000010247A - Heat pump system for cooling/heating with underground heat source using heat pipe having two headers - Google Patents

Heat pump system for cooling/heating with underground heat source using heat pipe having two headers Download PDF

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KR20000010247A
KR20000010247A KR1019980031089A KR19980031089A KR20000010247A KR 20000010247 A KR20000010247 A KR 20000010247A KR 1019980031089 A KR1019980031089 A KR 1019980031089A KR 19980031089 A KR19980031089 A KR 19980031089A KR 20000010247 A KR20000010247 A KR 20000010247A
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South Korea
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heat
heat pump
heating
cooling
headers
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KR1019980031089A
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Korean (ko)
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KR100296699B1 (en
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장기창
이기우
이영수
이계중
라호상
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최수현
한국에너지기술연구소
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/10Geothermal energy

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  • Compression-Type Refrigeration Machines With Reversible Cycles (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE: A heat pump system for cooling and heating with the underground heat source is provided to increase the utility of a heat pump by combining a cooling and a heating system with a heat pump. CONSTITUTION: The heat pump system is composed of:a heat pipe having two headers of an A header and a B header; an evaporator(10) functioned as a heat exchanger of the A header, accepting the refrigerant by a three-way valve(9) when a heat pump is operated to heat a room; a compressor of the heat pump accepting the refrigerant in a state of vapor by making the refrigerant flowing in the evaporator(10) absorb heat.

Description

두 헤더를 가진 히트파이프를 이용한 지중열원 냉난방 열펌프시스템Underground heat source cooling and heating heat pump system using heat pipe with two headers

본 발명은 지중의 열원을 이용하여 냉난방을 위한 열펌프시스템으로서 공기-공기 열펌프시스템은 동절기에 공기의 온도가 매우 낮은 한냉지에서는 공기를 열원으로 한 열펌프의 난방용으로 사용이 불가능하며, 하절기에 공기의 온도가 매우 높으면 열펌프로서의 냉방용으로 사용하는데 매우 낮은 효율을 가지므로 이러한 단점을 보완하고져 년중 온도가 거의 일정한 지중의 열을 전열소자인 두 헤더를 가진 히트파이프를 이용하여 열펌프로 난방과 냉방을 겸할 수 있도록 하여 열펌프의 효용성을 배가시키고져 한 장치이다.The present invention is a heat pump system for cooling and heating by using a heat source in the ground, the air-air heat pump system is not available for the heating of the heat pump using the air as a heat source in a cold place where the temperature of the air is very low in winter, summer If the air temperature is very high, it is used for cooling as a heat pump, so it has a very low efficiency to compensate for this disadvantage, so that the heat of the ground where the temperature is almost constant throughout the year is transferred to the heat pump using a heat pipe with two headers as heating elements. It is a device that doubles the utility of heat pump by enabling both heating and cooling.

히트파이프는 진공용기내에 적당량의 작동유체를 봉입하여 용기를 가열하면 작동유체가 증발하여 응축부로 이동하고 열을 방출한 후 응축되어 증발부로 순환하면서 열을 지속적으로 수송하게 된다. 따라서 응축부에서 응축된 작동유체가 증발부로 귀환하기 위해서는 용기내에 윅이 없으면 중력에 의해 유동하여야 하므로 응축부가 증발부보다 상단에 위치하여야 한다.Heat pipe is filled with a suitable amount of working fluid in a vacuum vessel to heat the container, the working fluid is evaporated to move to the condensation unit, release the heat and then condensing and circulating to the evaporator to transport the heat continuously. Therefore, in order to return the working fluid condensed in the condenser to the evaporator, the wick must flow by gravity if there is no wick in the container. Therefore, the condenser must be located above the evaporator.

지중열을 이용하는 히트파이프는 용량이 크므로 내부에 윅을 삽입하여 모세관력으로 액체를 유동시키기 위해서는 한계가 있기 때문에 윅을 삽입하지 않고 중력에 의해서 액체를 귀환시키고 있다. 이러한 이유로 종래에는 히트파이프를 이용하여 지중열원을 열펌프에 활용하는데에는 난방용으로만 사용되어 왔으나 히트파이프의 크기가 커지므로 인해서 지중에 매설하는 비용이 과다해짐에 비해 열펌프의 효용성이 떨어져 보급에 장애를 가져왔다. 그러나 본 발명에서는 이를 열펌프의 냉난방용으로 사용할 수 있도록 하기 위해 냉방운전시에는 지중에 열을 방열시켜야 하므로 히트파이프 상단에 두개의 헤더를 부착시킨 히트파이프를 이용한 것이다.Since the heat pipe using the geothermal heat has a large capacity, there is a limit to inserting the wick inside and flowing the liquid by capillary force, so the liquid is returned by gravity without inserting the wick. For this reason, conventionally, the underground heat source is used only for heating by using a heat pipe, but the heat pipe becomes larger, and the cost of laying in the ground becomes excessive, and the efficiency of the heat pump is lowered. Brought disability. However, in the present invention, in order to be able to use this for the heating and cooling of the heat pump, the heat must be radiated in the ground during the cooling operation, and thus the heat pipe having two headers attached to the top of the heat pipe is used.

히트파이프 상단의 두 헤더는 서로 독립적으로 열펌프의 냉난방운전시에 각각 역할을 하며, 난방운전시에는 히트파이프의 헤더가 응축부로 작동하므로서 지중의 열을 회수하여 열펌프의 열원으로 활용하고, 냉방운전시에는 히트파이프의 헤더가 증발부로 작동하여 열펌프에서 방열시키는 열을 지중으로 전달시키는 역할을 한다. 이러한 역할을 하기 위해서 열펌프의 냉매유동이 히트파이프 두 헤더에는 3-way밸브를 사용하여 조절하고, 실내코일에 들어가는 냉매는 4-way밸브를 사용하여 조절함으로써 냉난방을 겸할 수 있는 열펌프시스템이다.The two headers at the top of the heat pipe independently play a role in the heating and cooling operation of the heat pump.In the heating operation, the header of the heat pipe acts as a condensing unit, which recovers heat from the ground and serves as a heat source for the heat pump. During operation, the header of the heat pipe acts as an evaporator to transfer heat radiated from the heat pump to the ground. In order to play this role, the refrigerant flow of the heat pump is controlled by using a 3-way valve on both headers of the heat pipe, and the refrigerant entering the indoor coil is controlled by using a 4-way valve. .

본 발명은 지중열원 열펌프시스템을 구성함에 있어서 지중에 있는 열을 흡수하여 난방운전시 열원으로 사용하고, 냉방운전시에는 지중에 열을 방출하는 역할을 할 수 있도록 히트파이프가 고안되었으며, 이의 활용효과를 극대화시키기 위해서 히트파이프 상단에 두 개의 헤더를 장착하였다. 따라서 열펌프의 난방운전시에는 열펌프의 증발기를 히트파이프 상단의 헤더에 내장시켜 히트파이프의 증발부를 통하여 지중에서 열을 흡수하여 작동유체가 증기로 상승하여서 상단의 헤더에 설치되어 있는 열펌프의 증발기에 잠열을 전달하고 작동유체는 응축하여 유동분리관을 통해서 중력에 의해 히트파이프의 증발부로 유동하게 된다.In the present invention, in the construction of the underground heat source heat pump system, the heat pipe is designed to absorb heat in the ground and use it as a heat source during the heating operation, and to discharge heat into the ground during the cooling operation. To maximize the effect, two headers were mounted on the top of the heatpipe. Therefore, during the heating operation of the heat pump, the evaporator of the heat pump is embedded in the header of the top of the heat pipe to absorb heat from the ground through the evaporation part of the heat pipe, so that the working fluid rises to steam, The latent heat is transferred to the evaporator and the working fluid condenses and flows to the evaporation part of the heat pipe by gravity through the flow separation tube.

또한, 열펌프의 냉방운전시에는 열펌프의 응축기를 또다른 상단의 헤더에 내장시켜 히트파이프의 작동유체가 열펌프의 응축기로부터 열을 흡수하여 증기로 변하고, 이의 증기는 내부압력차에 의해서 지중에 매설되어 있는 히트파이프의 응축부로 이동하게 된다. 여기서 작동유체는 지중에 열을 방출하고 작동유체는 액체로 변하므로 이를 다시 히트파이프 상단으로 보내기 위해서는 액체수송관에 펌프를 부착하여 강제수송을 할 수 있도록 하였다. 이때 펌프의 작동이 멈추었을 때 액체가 빠져나가 펌핑능력을 저하시키는 것을 방지하기 위해 액체수송관 하단에 첵밸브를 부착하고 펌프 출구에는 솔레노이드 밸브를 부착하였다. 그리고 히트파이프 상단의 헤더에서 히트파이프의 작동유체가 증발 및 응축의 역할이 바뀌므로 이의 효과를 상승시키기 위해서 두 개의 헤더를 부착하여 각각 다른 역할을 할 수 있도록 하였으며, 작동유체가 응축되는 헤더에서는 증기와 액체의 분리판을 설치하여 응축된 액체가 히트파이프의 하부인 증발부로 중력에 의해 이동할 수 있도록 하였다. 그리고 작동유체가 증발되는 헤더에서는 열교환기의 일부가 작동유체에 잠겨있도록 하기 위해서 저장조를 설치하여 비등의 효과를 상승시켰다.In addition, during the cooling operation of the heat pump, the condenser of the heat pump is embedded in another header of the heat pump so that the working fluid of the heat pipe absorbs heat from the condenser of the heat pump and turns into steam. It moves to the condensation part of the heat pipe embedded in the heat pipe. Here, the working fluid releases heat to the ground and the working fluid turns into a liquid, so in order to send it back to the top of the heat pipe, a pump is attached to the liquid transport pipe to allow forced transportation. At this time, in order to prevent the liquid from escaping when the operation of the pump is stopped and reducing the pumping capacity, a check valve is attached to the bottom of the liquid transport pipe and a solenoid valve is attached to the pump outlet. And in the header of the top of the heat pipe, the working fluid of the heat pipe changes the role of evaporation and condensation, so in order to increase the effect, two headers are attached to each other to play a different role. The liquid separation plate was installed to allow the condensed liquid to move by gravity to the evaporation unit under the heat pipe. In the header where the working fluid evaporates, a reservoir is installed to increase the boiling effect of the heat exchanger.

이와 같은 각각의 역할을 위해서 열펌프의 냉매유동을 제어하기 위해 3-way밸브를 설치하였고, 열펌프의 샐내코일이 냉방과 난방을 겸하여 사용하여야 하므로 4-way밸브 부착하여 냉매의 유동방향을 역으로 조절할 수 있도록 하였으며, 이에 따른 팽창밸브의 역할을 달리 하기 위해서 냉방용과 난방용의 팽창밸브를 각각 부착하고 첵밸브를 통하여 유동방향을 다르게 하였다.For each of these roles, a 3-way valve was installed to control the refrigerant flow of the heat pump, and since the coil inside the heat pump must be used for both cooling and heating, the 4-way valve is attached to reverse the flow direction of the refrigerant. In order to change the role of the expansion valve accordingly, expansion valves for cooling and heating were respectively attached, and the flow direction was changed through the valve.

따라서 지중열원을 이용해서 열펌프를 냉난방에 활용하기 위해서는 히트파이프와 열펌프의 복합시스템을 이루는데에 기술적인 핵심이 있다.Therefore, there is a technical core in forming a combined system of heat pipes and heat pumps in order to use heat pumps for cooling and heating using underground heat sources.

도 1은 두 헤더를 가진 열펌프의 작동원리도1 is an operating principle of a heat pump having two headers

도 2는 본 발명의 두 헤더를 가진 히트파이프와 열펌프시스템의 조립도2 is an assembly view of a heat pipe and heat pump system having two headers of the present invention;

도 3은 본 발명의 열펌프에 있어서 난방운전 회로도3 is a heating operation circuit diagram of the heat pump of the present invention

도 4는 본 발명의 열펌프에 있어서 냉방운전 회로도4 is a cooling operation circuit diagram of the heat pump of the present invention.

* 도면중 주요부분에 대한 부호의 설명* Explanation of symbols for main parts of the drawings

(1) : 압축기(1): compressor

(2) : 실내코일(난방운전시 열펌프의 응축기, 냉방운전시 열펌프의 증발기)(2): Indoor coil (condenser of heat pump in heating operation, evaporator of heat pump in cooling operation)

(3) : Liquid Accumulator (4) : 4-way밸브(reversing valve)(3): Liquid Accumulator (4): 4-way reversing valve

(5) : 팽창밸브(난방용) (6) : 팽창밸브(냉방용)(5): expansion valve (for heating) (6): expansion valve (for cooling)

(7) : 첵밸브(냉방운전시 닫힘) (8) : 첵밸브(난방운전시 닫힘)(7): Check valve (closed during cooling operation) (8): Check valve (closed during heating operation)

(9) : 3-way밸브 (10) : 열펌프의 증발기(난방운전시)(9): 3-way valve (10): Evaporator (heating operation) of heat pump

(11) : 열펌프의 응축기(냉방운전시)(11): Condenser of heat pump (at cooling operation)

(12) : 히트파이프의 용기(12): Heat Pipe Vessel

(13) : 히트파이프 작동유체의 증기와 액체의 유동분리관(13): Flow separation tube of vapor and liquid of heat pipe working fluid

(14) : 히트파이프 작동유체의 액체수송관(14): liquid transport pipe for heat pipe working fluid

(15) : 지중 토양 및 지하수 (16) : 첵밸브(15): underground soil and groundwater (16): check valve

(17) : 펌프 (18) : 솔레노이드밸브(17): Pump (18): Solenoid Valve

(19) : 분리판 (20) : 작동유체 저장조(19): Separator (20): working fluid reservoir

지중열원을 이용해서 열펌프로 냉난방을 하기 위해서는 지중에 열교환을 시킬 수 있는 히트파이프와 실내에 냉난방을 할 수 있는 열펌프로 크게 분류할 수 있다.In order to use the underground heat source to heat and heat a heat pump, it can be broadly classified into a heat pipe capable of heat exchange in the ground and a heat pump capable of cooling and heating the room.

두 헤더를 가진 히트파이프는 제1도에서와 같이 A헤더와 B헤더로 되어 있으며, 열펌프가 난방운전시에 냉매는 3-way밸브(9)에 의해서 A헤더의 열교환기인 증발기(10)로 흐르게 된다. 증발기(10) 관내에 흐르는 냉매는 열을 흡수하여 증기상태로 열펌프의 압축기로 유동된다. 따라서 증발기(10) 관외에서 열을 흡수하기 위해서는 지중(15)에 매설되어 있는 히트파이프의 작동유체가 지중(15)으로부터 열을 흡수하여 작동유체는 증기로 변하고 이 증기는 압력차에 의해서 히트파이프 상단의 A헤더로 모이게 된다. 이때 증발기(10) 관외에서 히트파이프의 작동유체는 잠열을 빼앗기고 응축되어 액체로 변하여 분리판(19)으로 떨어지며, 유동분리관(13)을 통하여 히트파이프의 하단에 이동하며, 반복작용에 의해서 지중의 열을 열펌프의 증발기로 전달하여 열원으로 사용된다.The heat pipe with two headers is made of header A and header B as shown in FIG. 1, and when the heat pump is heated, the refrigerant is transferred to the evaporator 10, which is the heat exchanger of the header A, by the 3-way valve 9. Will flow. The refrigerant flowing in the evaporator 10 tube absorbs heat and flows to the compressor of the heat pump in a vapor state. Therefore, in order to absorb heat outside the evaporator 10 tube, the working fluid of the heat pipe buried in the ground 15 absorbs heat from the ground 15 so that the working fluid turns into steam, and the steam is heated by the pressure difference. Will be gathered into the top A header. At this time, the working fluid of the heat pipe outside the tube of the evaporator 10 is deprived of latent heat, condensed and turned into a liquid, and falls into the separator plate 19, and moves to the bottom of the heat pipe through the flow separator tube 13, Heat is transferred to the heat pump's evaporator and used as a heat source.

이와 반대로 열펌프로 냉방운전시에는 냉매는 3-way밸브(9)에 의해서 B헤더의 열교환기인 응축기(11)로 흐르며, 응축기(11) 관내의 냉매는 증기상태에서 외부로 열을 방출하고 응축되어 액체상태로 팽창밸브쪽으로 흐르게 된다. 이때 응축기(11) 관외측에서는 히트파이프의 작동유체가 열을 흡수하여 증기상태로 변하고 압력차에 의해 지중(15)에 매설되어 있는 공간으로 이동하여 지중으로 열을 방출하고 응축되어 액체상태로 변하게 된다. 응축된 액체는 자연대류에 의해서 상단 B헤더의 열교환기쪽으로 이동시킬 수가 없어서 펌프(17)에 의해서 강제적으로 이동시켜야 한다. 이때 펌프가 정지되었을 때 액체가 채워지지 않으면 펌핑능력이 감소되는 것을 방지하기 위해 액체수송관(14) 하단에 첵밸브(16)와 펌프(17) 출구에 솔레노이드 밸브(18)을 부착하였다. 그리고 열펌프 응축기(11)의 관외에서 히트파이프의 작동유체가 증발이 잘 이루어지도록 저장조(20)를 설치하여 증발효과를 극대화시켜서 히트파이프의 성능을 향상시킬 수가 있다.On the contrary, during the cooling operation with the heat pump, the refrigerant flows to the condenser 11, which is the heat exchanger of the B header, by the 3-way valve 9, and the refrigerant in the condenser 11 tube discharges heat to the outside in the vapor state and condenses. The liquid flows to the expansion valve. At this time, the working fluid of the heat pipe absorbs heat and changes to a vapor state on the outside of the condenser 11 tube and moves to a space buried in the ground 15 due to a pressure difference to release heat to the ground and condense to change into a liquid state. . The condensed liquid cannot be moved to the heat exchanger of the upper B header by natural convection and must be forcibly moved by the pump 17. At this time, if the liquid is not filled when the pump is stopped, the solenoid valve 18 is attached to the check valve 16 and the pump 17 outlet at the bottom of the liquid transport pipe 14 to prevent the pumping capacity is reduced. In addition, by installing the storage tank 20 so that the working fluid of the heat pipe is easily evaporated outside the tube of the heat pump condenser 11, the performance of the heat pipe can be improved by maximizing the evaporation effect.

이와 같이 히트파이프의 상단에 헤더를 두 개 부착한 것은 히트파이프의 작동유체가 증발 및 응축효과를 향상시키기 위한 것이다.The two headers are attached to the top of the heat pipe in order to improve the evaporation and condensation effect of the working fluid of the heat pipe.

제2도는 히트파이프와 열펌프를 조합한 시스템을 나타낸 것으로서 실내코일(2)을 하나만 설치하고 냉방과 난방을 겸하여 사용할 수 있도록 하기 위해서 냉매의 유동을 역으로 하기 위한 4-way밸브(4)를 부착하였고, 팽창밸브는 냉방용(6)과 난방용(5)으로 분리하여 설치하고 첵밸브(7, 8)에 의해서 유동방향을 조절할 수 있도록 구성하였다.2 shows a system in which a heat pipe and a heat pump are combined, and a 4-way valve 4 for reversing the flow of refrigerant to install only one indoor coil 2 and to use both cooling and heating is shown. The expansion valve was installed separately for cooling (6) and heating (5) and configured to control the flow direction by the valves (7, 8).

제3도는 열펌프가 난방운전시 냉매의 회로도를 나타낸 것이고, 제4도는 냉방운전시의 냉매의 회로도를 나타낸 것이다.3 is a circuit diagram of the refrigerant during the heating operation of the heat pump, and FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram of the refrigerant during the cooling operation.

두 헤더를 가진 히트파이프를 이용한 지중열원 냉난방 열펌프시스템은 종래방식의 히트파이프를 이용하여 지중열원으로 한 열펌프에서는 히트파이프 상단에 1개의 헤더만 부착하여 난방용으로 사용되어 왔으나 이를 응축과 증발의 역할을 달리 하는 헤더를 2개를 부착하여 지중열원을 이용하는 열펌프로 실내를 난방과 냉방을 겸할 수 있어서 효용성을 배가시킬 수 있으며, 하절기에는 지중에 축열을 하고 동절기에는 그 열원을 이용할 수가 있어서 열펌프의 소비동력을 절약시킬 수 있는 효과를 가지고 있다.Underground heat source air-conditioning heat pump system using a heat pipe with two headers has been used for heating by attaching only one header to the top of the heat pipe in the underground heat source using a conventional heat pipe. By attaching two different headers, the heat pump using underground heat source can double the efficiency by heating and cooling the room.The heat can be stored in the ground in summer and the heat source can be used in winter. It has the effect of saving the power consumption of the pump.

Claims (1)

지중의 열원을 열펌프의 냉방과 난방에 사용할 수 있도록 하기 위해서 히트파이프의 상단에 두개의 헤더를 부착하여 히트파이프의 작동유체가 증발과 응축의 역할을 서로 독립적으로 작용하도록 하는 것을 특징으로 하고, 이를 열펌프와 조합하여 하나의 실내코일로 냉방과 난방을 할 수 있도록 회로를 구성한 것을 특징으로 하는 두 헤더를 가진 히트파이프를 이용한 지중열원 냉난방 열펌프시스템 .In order to allow the underground heat source to be used for cooling and heating the heat pump, two headers are attached to the top of the heat pipe so that the working fluid of the heat pipe acts independently of each other to serve as evaporation and condensation. Underground heat source cooling and heating heat pump system using heat pipes with two headers characterized in that the circuit is configured to cool and heat with a single indoor coil in combination with the heat pump.
KR1019980031089A 1998-07-31 1998-07-31 Ground source cooling and heating pump system using heat pipe with two headers KR100296699B1 (en)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20030096468A (en) * 2002-06-12 2003-12-31 이수현 Heating and air-conditioning device by subterranean heat
KR100787184B1 (en) * 2007-02-20 2007-12-21 소인섭 Application device of an underground temperature and a rainwater
KR100868099B1 (en) * 2008-01-18 2008-11-11 조희남 Ground heat returning device for improving underground heat exchange efficiency by connecting with empty pipes installed to the bottom of groundwater core
KR100880675B1 (en) * 2008-05-01 2009-01-30 주식회사 지앤지테크놀러지 Closed type underground heat exchanger device and construction method using double insertion geothermal tube

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR950000021B1 (en) * 1992-07-27 1995-01-07 박화랑 Solar heat collector
KR960005780B1 (en) * 1993-06-09 1996-05-01 한국에너지기술연구소 Tubeless plate-type solar-heat collectors

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20030096468A (en) * 2002-06-12 2003-12-31 이수현 Heating and air-conditioning device by subterranean heat
KR100787184B1 (en) * 2007-02-20 2007-12-21 소인섭 Application device of an underground temperature and a rainwater
KR100868099B1 (en) * 2008-01-18 2008-11-11 조희남 Ground heat returning device for improving underground heat exchange efficiency by connecting with empty pipes installed to the bottom of groundwater core
KR100880675B1 (en) * 2008-05-01 2009-01-30 주식회사 지앤지테크놀러지 Closed type underground heat exchanger device and construction method using double insertion geothermal tube

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