KR19990075797A - Optical disc and data recording method and apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an optical disc of a data structure suitable for shortening the access time.

An optical disc has a plurality of first unit areas provided by dividing a recording area in which data is to be recorded, and at least two spare areas distributed in each of the plurality of first unit areas for repairing a defect.

Description

Optical Disc and Data Recording Method and Apparatus

The present invention relates to an optical disc that is optically accessed, and more particularly to an optical disc capable of repairing defects. The present invention also relates to a method and apparatus for recording information on an optical disc capable of repairing defective sections.

Since optical discs for reproduction such as CDs (Compact Discs) and CD-ROMs have been popularized, recordable optical discs such as DVDs (Digital Versatile Discs) and magneto optical discs have recently emerged. On the recording surface of the recordable optical disc, defect areas such as scratches are usually formed. The defect causes errors in data when the optical disc is accessed. In other words, not only the data is recorded correctly in the defective recording section, but also the data is not reproduced correctly. In order to prevent such recording and reproducing errors of such data, a recordable optical disc is provided with a method for repairing defects.

Repair of a defect in the optical disc is achieved by replacing the defective recording area with an extra recording area. Two alternative methods are commonly used to repair such a combination. The first method is a primary replacement method that replaces only a defective section, that is, a sector, which is performed at the time of inspection or verification of an optical disk. The primary replacement method records test data in the recording sections of the optical disc, reproduces the test data recorded in the recording sections of the optical disc, and checks whether more than a predetermined number of errors have occurred in the test data for the reproduced recording sections. As a result, a defective recording section (hereinafter referred to as "defect section") is detected. Subsequently, in the primary replacement method, a defect management area provided in a predetermined area of an optical disc, for example, lead-in and / or lead-out, is assigned an address assigned to a defect section. Area (hereinafter referred to as " DMA ") as well as addresses sequentially assigned to the recording sections subsequent to the defect section to the recording sections subsequent to the recording section located after the defect section. Will be given. The list in which the addresses for the defect sections are recorded is usually called a "primary defect list". As a second method, a secondary replacement method is used to replace a recording block (hereinafter referred to as a "defect block") with an extra recording section, which is performed at the time of rewriting of data and which contains a predetermined number of recording sections together with a defect section. do. This recording block is made up of a predetermined number of recording sections (for example, 16) in which error correction of recording data can be performed. This is because even if a defect occurs only in one of the recording sections included in the recording block, a predetermined number, that is, all 16 recording sections are not used. In this secondary replacement method, information about a defective block and information about an extra defective block to be replaced are recorded in the DMA of the disk. The list in which the information about the defective block and the replacement block is recorded is usually called a "secondary defect list".

In addition, a spare area is provided in the optical disc to repair defects. An optical disk provided with this spare area may be a "Zoned" CLV (Constant Linear Velocity) type disk as shown in Fig. 1. The recording surface of this zoned CLV type disk is usually about 35 zones (Z1). To Z35), and each of these zones includes approximately 1000 tracks or more, and in each of the zones a certain area on the outer circumference (eg, 5% of the corresponding zones) is a spare area (SA1 to SA35). ) Will be assigned.

Pick-up moves the objective lens or the slad to change the position on the disk to which the light beam is irradiated. The objective lens is normally moved during Fine Search, and the movement of the objective lens allows the light beam to skip up to 400 to 500 signal tracks. On the other hand, the slad is moved during rough search, which causes the light beam to skip hundreds to thousands of tracks.

As such, the recording surface of the disc is divided into a number of zones (Z1 to Z35) having more than 1000 tracks, and at the time of fine search the light beam can only skip tracks of up to about 400 to 500. If the inner circumferential track is defective, rough search, not fine search, must be performed to search the recording section or recording block to be replaced therewith. In other words, the slad and not the objective lens must be moved. As a result, the access time becomes longer when the defect is on the inner peripheral side of the zone.

It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide an optical disc of a data structure suitable for shortening the access time.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a data recording method and apparatus suitable for shortening the access time.

1 is a diagram schematically showing a data structure of a conventional optical disc.

2 is a diagram schematically showing a data structure of an optical disc according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a plan view showing the data structure shown in Fig. 2;

4 is a diagram schematically showing a data structure of an optical disc according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a plan view showing the data structure shown in FIG. 4; FIG.

6 is a diagram schematically showing a data recording apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;

7 is a flowchart for explaining a data recording method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

<Description of Symbols for Main Parts of Drawings>

10: repeater 12: pickup

14: recording signal processor 16: optical controller

18: detection signal processor 20: playback signal processor

22 microcomputer 24 address detector

26: servo

In order to achieve the above object, an optical disc according to the present invention is divided into a plurality of first unit areas provided by dividing a recording area in which data is to be recorded, and each of the plurality of first unit areas to repair a defect. At least two spare areas.

The data recording method according to the present invention comprises the steps of: recording data on an optical disc having at least two spare areas for repairing defects in each of a plurality of first unit areas provided by dividing a recording area in which data is to be recorded; Reproducing data recorded on the optical disc, determining whether or not a recording section in which data is recorded by the reproduced data is defective, and selecting recording sections on the spare area close to the defective recording section as spare recording sections. And recording data in the spare recording sections.

In the data recording apparatus according to the present invention, recording means for recording data on an optical disk in which at least two spare areas for repairing defects are distributed in each of a plurality of first unit areas provided by dividing a recording area in which data is to be recorded. Playback means for reproducing data recorded on the optical disc, defect detection means for detecting a defect section by the reproduced data, spare selection means for selecting recording sections on the spare area close to the defect section as spare recording sections; And control means for controlling the recording means such that data is recorded in the selected spare recording sections.

Other objects and advantages of the present invention in addition to the above objects will become apparent from the detailed description of the following embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 2 to 7.

Referring to FIG. 2, an optical disk according to an embodiment of the present invention divided into 35 zones Z1 to Z35 is shown. Each of the zones Z1 through Z35 includes more than 1000 tracks. The tracks included in each of the zones Z1 to Z35 include the same number of sectors, whereas the tracks included in the inner circumferential zones contain a smaller number of sectors than the tracks included in the outer circumferential zones. . Each of the zones Z1 to Z35 is provided with the odd-numbered spare areas SA1, SA3, ..., SA69 located on the inner circumferential side and the even-numbered spare areas SA2, SA4, ..., SA70 located on the outer circumferential side. Each of the odd-numbered spare areas SA1, SA3, ..., SA69 has secondary recording sections as shown in FIG. 3 that will be replaced by a defective block detected upon rewriting, for example, an ECC block containing a defective sector. Only (SDL) will be included. In addition, each of the odd-numbered spare areas SA1, SA3, ..., SA69 replaces a defective block including 16 sectors including the defective sector when a defect occurs on the inner half of the track in the zone as shown in FIG. Will be used for. On the contrary, each of the even-numbered spare areas SA2, SA4, ..., SA70 is a defect detected during verification of the disc and the secondary recording sections SDL to be replaced with a defective block which is detected by re-oxylogging as shown in FIG. It is divided into primary write intervals (PDL) that will be replaced by sectors. Secondary recording sections (SDL) included in each of the even-numbered spare areas SA2, SA4, ..., SA70 include the defect sectors when a defect occurs on the outer half of the track in the zone as shown in FIG. It will be used instead of the defective block containing 16 sectors. In addition, the primary recording sections PDL included in each of the even-numbered spare areas SA2, SA4, ..., SA70 are used instead of the defective sectors in which all tracks in the zone are defective.

4 shows a data structure of an optical disc according to another embodiment of the present invention. In Fig. 4, the optical disc has 35 zones Z1 to Z35, each of which includes more than 1000 tracks. Each of these zones Z1 to Z35 has an inner spare area (ISA1, ISA2, ..., ISA35) located on the inner circumferential side, an outer spare area (ESA1, ESA2, ..., ESA35) located on the outer circumferential side, and an inner spare area (ISA1, ISA2). Intermediate spare regions MSA1, MSA2, ..., MSA35, which are located in between, are provided between the ..., ISA35 and the outer spare regions ESA1, ESA2, ..., ESA35. Each of the inner spare regions ISA1, ISA2, ..., ISA35 includes only secondary recording sections SDL as shown in FIG. 5 to be replaced by a defective block detected upon rewriting. In addition, each of the inner spare regions ISA1, ISA2, ..., ISA35 may be used in place of a defect block when a defect occurs on the inner half of the track between the intermediate spare regions MSA1, MSA2, ..., MSA35. do. In contrast, each of the intermediate spare regions MSA1, MSA2, ..., MSA35 and the outer spare regions ESA1, ESA2, ..., ESA35 each have a secondary write that will be replaced by a defective block that is reoxygen detected as in FIG. The sections SDL and primary recording sections PDL to be replaced by defective sectors detected during verification of the disc are divided. The secondary recording sections SDL included in each of the outer spare areas ESA1, ESA2, ..., ESA35 are formed on the outer half of the track between the intermediate spare areas MSA1, MSA2, ..., MSA35. It will be used instead of defective blocks. In addition, the primary recording sections SDL included in each of the outer spare areas ESA1, ESA2, ..., ESA35 are defective in the outer tracks after the intermediate spare areas MSA1, MSA2, ..., MSA35. It will be used instead of sectors. The secondary recording section SDL included in each of the intermediate spare areas MSA1, MSA2, ..., MSA35 replaces the defective blocks that are defective in the peripheral tracks of the intermediate spare areas MSA1, MSA2, ..., MSA35. Will be used. The primary recording section PDL included in each of the intermediate spare regions MSA1, MSA2, ..., MSA35 is between the inner spare regions MSA1, MSA2, ..., MSA35 from the innermost circumference of the zones Z1 to Z35. It will be used in place of the defective sectors where the tracks are defective.

In this way, two or more spare areas are distributed in each of the zones including more than 1000 tracks so that the distance between the spare recording section and / or the spare recording block and the defect section and / or the defective block can be moved in the light beam during search, That is, it becomes smaller than 400 to 500 track widths. As a result, the spare section and / or spare recording block to be replaced with the defective section and / or defective block in the optical disc according to the present invention will be subjected to fine search. As a result, the access time is shortened in the optical disc according to the present invention.

Referring to Fig. 6, there is shown an optical disk driver according to an embodiment of the present invention having a recording signal processor 14 and an optical controller 16 connected in series between a repeater 10 and a pickup 12. The recording signal processor 14 codes user information or test data from the host, which is input via the repeater 10, into a channel bit string requested by the optical disk. The optical controller 16 interrupts the light source included in the pickup 12 in accordance with the logical value of the channel bit string from the recording signal processor 14 so that the user information is recorded on the recording surface of the optical disc. The optical disc driver further includes a detection signal processor 18 and a reproduction signal processor 20 connected in series between the pickup 12 and the repeater 10. The detection signal processor 18 detects a radio frequency (hereinafter referred to as "RF") signal from an electrical signal from a photodetector (not shown) included in the pickup 12. The reproduction signal processor 20 recovers the user information by detecting the channel bit string from the RF signal from the detection signal processor 18 and decoding and error correcting the detected channel bit string. The user information restored by the reproduction signal processor 20 is supplied to the microcomputer 22 and to the host via the repeater 10. The optical disc driver also includes an address detector 24 connected between the detection signal processor 18 and the microcomputer 22 and a servo (Servo) 26 connected between the microcomputer 22 and the pickup 12. do. The address detector 24 detects an address from the RF signal from the detection signal processor 18 and supplies the detected physical address to the microcomputer 22. The servo 26 changes the position of the pickup 12 in the radial direction of the optical disc by a jump command from the microcomputer 22 and finely adjusts the position of the light beam by the electrical signal from the pickup 12. do. The microcomputer 22 controls the servo 26 and the recording signal processor 14 and / or the reproduction signal processor 20 in response to an address inputted from the host via the relay 10 and a verification, recording or reproducing command. This allows the sectors on the optical disc desired by the user to be accessed. In addition, the microcomputer 22 compares the information or test data reproduced from the reproduction signal processor 20 with the user information or test data from the repeater 10 to determine whether an error has occurred, as well as a defect sector on the optical disc. Defect block is detected. When a defective sector and / or a defective block is detected, the microcomputer 22 replaces the defective sector and / or the defective block with a recording section and / or a recording block on the adjacent spare area, and the information thereof is transferred to the optical disc. To be written on the DMA.

7 is a flowchart illustrating a data recording method according to an embodiment of the present invention, which is performed by the microcomputer 22 in FIG.

The microcomputer 22 waits until a recording command is input from the host computer via the repeater 10 (step 30). When the recording command is input, the microcomputer 22 inputs the start address for the recording start sector and the recording end address for the recording end sector from the host computer via the repeater 10 (step 32). Subsequently, the microcomputer 22 controls the servo 26 and the reproduction signal processor 20 to reproduce the defect information list recorded in the read-in or read-out DMA of the optical disc so that the pickup 12 and the detection signal can be reproduced. The defect information list input via the processor 18 and the reproduction signal processor 20 is input (step 34). In addition, the microcomputer 22 controls the pickup 12 via the servo 26 so that the light beam generated by the pickup 26 is irradiated to the sector corresponding to the recording start address, and at the same time, any one of the registers in the microcomputer 22 is used. Initialize the value of the error counter allocated to "0" (step 36). Further, the microcomputer 22 causes the recording signal processor 14 and the reproduction signal processor 20 to operate (38). At this time, the recording signal processing unit 14 converts the user information input via the repeater 10 from the host computer into a channel bit string and supplies the channel information to the optical controller 16 so that the user information is picked up ( 12) is recorded in the sector on the track of the optical disc. On the other hand, the reproduction signal processing unit 20 reproduces the user information which has just been recorded from the electrical signal from the pickup 12 input via the detection signal processor 18. The user information reproduced by this reproduction signal processing unit 20 is supplied to the microcomputer 22.

Next, the microcomputer 22 detects whether an error has occurred by comparing the user information to be reproduced from the reproduction signal processor 20 with the recording user information from the repeater 10 (step 40). . When an error occurs in step 40, the microcomputer 22 increases the value of the error counter by " 1 " (step 42). If no error occurs after performing the 42nd step or the 40th step, the microcomputer 22 checks whether the address information reproduced from the address detector 24 is input to determine whether the light beam has reached the end point of the sector. (Step 44). If the address information is not input in step 44, the microcomputer 22 returns to step 38. In contrast, when the light beam reaches the end point of the sector in step 44, the microcomputer 22 checks whether the value of the error counter is larger than the threshold value to determine whether the sector in which the current user information is recorded is defective. Becomes Panda (Step 46). When the value of the error counter is smaller than the threshold in step 46, the microcomputer 22 determines whether the recording ends by checking whether the address from the address detector 24 matches the end address (step 48). If the recording is not completed in step 48, the microcomputer 22 increments the start address by "1" (step 50), initializes the value of the error counter to "0", and returns to step 38 ( Step 52).

When the value of the error counter is greater than or equal to the threshold in step 46, the microcomputer 22 determines that the sector in which the current user information was recorded is defective. In this case, the microcomputer 22 stops the recording and reproducing of the user information by stopping the operations of the recording signal processor 14 and the reproduction signal processor 20 (step 54). The microcomputer 22 searches for a spare area close to the defect sector currently accessed, and selects a spare recording block included in the spare area using the defect list (step 56). The microcomputer 22 then uses the address of the first sector and the end address of the last sector of the defective block containing the defective sector and the address of the first sector and the address of the last sector of the spare recording block. The information is created and the created defect list information is stored in the working memory therein (step 58). In other words, the microcomputer 22 creates and stores defect block information including the start and end addresses of the defective blocks and the start and end addresses of the spare recording blocks to be replaced with the defective blocks. The microcomputer 22 then moves the objective lens (not shown) of the pickup 12 via the servo 26 so that the light beam is irradiated to the first sector of the spare recording block (step 60). The microcomputer 22 also drives the recording signal processor 14 to cause the user information to be recorded in the spare recording block (step 62). When the recording of the user information in the spare recording block is completed, the microcomputer 22 stops the operation of the recording signal processor 14 to stop the recording of the user information (step 64). The microcomputer 22 judges whether or not the recording of the user information is completed by comparing the end address of the defective block and the recording end address (step 66). If the end address of the defective block has not reached the recording end address in step 66, the microcomputer 22 sets the recording start address to a value that is increased by one more than the end address of the defective block, and then returns to step 36. Step 68).

On the other hand, when the recording start address is the same as the recording end address in step 48, the microcomputer 22 stops the operation of the recording signal processor 14 and the reproduction signal processor 20 to stop recording of the user information ( Step 70). After performing step 70 or when the end address of the defective block reaches the end address of the recording in step 66, the microcomputer 22 reads in and / or reads-out the light beam generated from the pickup 12. The defective block information stored in the working memory therein is supplied to the recording signal processor 14 to be recorded in the defect information list as well as being irradiated on the DMA of the out (step 72).

As described above, in the data recording method according to the present invention, when a defective sector is detected, the spare recording block is replaced by a fine search by replacing the defective block including the defective sector with the spare recording block included in the spare area closest to the defective sector. Searched. Accordingly, in the data recording method according to the present invention, the access time of the disc is shortened.

As described above, in the optical disc according to the present invention, two or more spare areas are distributed in each of the zones including more than 1000 tracks, so that the spare recording section and / or the distance between the spare recording block and the defective section and / or the defective block are fine. The search becomes smaller than the movable distance of the light beam, i.e. 400 to 500 track widths. As a result, the spare section and / or spare recording block to be replaced with the defective section and / or defective block in the optical disc according to the present invention will be subjected to fine search. As a result, the access time is shortened in the optical disc according to the present invention.

In the data recording apparatus and method according to the present invention, when a defective sector is detected, the spare recording block is replaced by a spare search by replacing the defective block including the defective sector with the spare recording block included in the spare area closest to the defective sector. Will be searched. Accordingly, in the data recording apparatus and method according to the present invention, the access time of the disc is shortened.

Those skilled in the art will appreciate that various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention. Therefore, the technical scope of the present invention should not be limited to the contents described in the detailed description of the specification but should be defined by the claims.

Claims (10)

A plurality of first unit areas provided by dividing a recording area in which data is to be recorded; And at least two spare areas distributed in each of the plurality of first unit areas to repair a defect. The method of claim 1, The two or more spare regions A first spare area positioned at a start of the first unit area; And a second spare area positioned at an end of the first unit area. The method of claim 2, The first spare area includes primary recording sections for repairing defects block by block, And the second spare area includes primary recording sections for repairing defects block-by-block and secondary recording sections for repairing defects sector-by-sector. The method of claim 3, wherein The primary recording sections included in the first spare area repair defects occurring between the beginning and the middle of the first unit area. And the primary recording sections included in the second spare area repair defects generated between an end portion and a middle portion of the first unit region. The method of claim 1, The at least two spare areas, A first spare area positioned at a start of the first unit area; A second spare area positioned at an end of the first unit area; And a third spare area positioned at an intermediate portion of the first unit area. The method of claim 5, The first spare area includes primary recording sections for repairing defects block by block, Each of the second spare area and the third spare area includes primary recording sections for repairing defects block-by-block and secondary recording sections for repairing defects sector-by-sector. The method of claim 5, The primary recording sections included in the first spare area repair defects occurring between the beginning of the first unit area and the middle part of the second spare area. The primary recording sections included in the second spare area repair defects occurring between the end portions of the first unit area from an intermediate point between the third and second spare areas. And the primary recording sections included in the third spare area repair defects occurring in an intermediate portion of the first unit area. The method of claim 5, The secondary recording sections included in the second spare area repair defects occurring between the middle part and the end part of the first unit area. And the secondary recording sections included in the third spare area repair defects generated between a start part and a middle part of the first unit area. A method of recording data on an optical disc having at least two spare areas for repairing defects in each of a plurality of first unit areas provided by dividing a recording area in which data is to be recorded, wherein: Means for recording data on the optical disc; Playing back data recorded on the optical disc; Determining whether or not a recording section in which data is recorded is reproduced by the reproduced data; Selecting the recording sections on the spare area close to the defective recording section as the spare recording sections; And recording data in the spare recording sections. A method of recording data on an optical disc having at least two spare areas for repairing defects in each of a plurality of first unit areas provided by dividing a recording area in which data is to be recorded, wherein: Recording means for recording data on the optical disc; Reproducing means for reproducing data recorded on the optical disc; Defect detection means for detecting a defect section by the reproduced data; Spare selection means for selecting recording sections on the spare area close to the defect section as spare recording sections; And control means for controlling the recording means to record data in the selected spare recording sections.