KR19990042368A - Configuration method of integrated distribution panel - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an ultra-small extra-high voltage closed switchgear, which is miniaturized in a sequential arrangement according to the stacked structure arrangement and energization order of the equipment as shown in FIG. 1, and is closed and cooled at the origin of the heat generated by the heat source (28). Stable circuits are minimized by minimizing the electrical and mechanical characteristics and influences on other devices.The doors of adjacent high voltage converters, the temperature and humidity sensors, the shock sensors on both sides, the abnormal noise sensors, and the current sensors Using a situation determination intelligence algorithm, which is a combination of the back and the like, a stable electrical circuit was constructed and integrated into one panel.

In addition, through the inside without opening and closing the door from the outside to facilitate the daily management without access to the converter.

Conventional closed water distribution equipment is a sequential arrangement structure, not a laminated structure consisting of a plurality of separated panels of at least four sides, requires a large required area and space compared to the present invention, installation according to the configuration of a plurality of partition panels The present invention has been enormous in cost. The present invention provides safety and safety, blocks heat source, increases the efficiency of equipment by minimizing and cooling the heat source generating part, and maintains the space compartment on a minimum scale appropriately for unnecessary waste of space. It is a very useful and practical invention that is designed to be fully utilized, and it is highly desirable to use this construction method to reduce construction air, reduce the cost, reduce the required area, and achieve electrical stability and safety at the same time. Invention.

Description

Configuration method of integrated distribution panel

Conventional high-voltage switchgear facilities usually include power section, auto section switch, lightning arrester, power fuse or COS, metering out fit, and transformer (electric potential). TR), the main control circuit breaker (Main Control Circuit Breaker) is composed of a separate panel of at least four sides as a sequential configuration, it requires a larger required area and space than the present invention, and also according to the configuration of a plurality of partition separation panel As the cost of manufacturing and installation was enormous, the waste of constituent resources and space for the installation of urea equipment required for the construction of the entire power distribution facility was severe. Not.

Therefore, the present invention improves and supplements the disadvantages of the conventional facilities, and removes inefficiency due to the use of a panel separated over four sides. In order to maintain the stability of large-capacity power input control by arranging the laminated structure and arranging the energization order of the concentrated element components in an efficient space compartment, the door of the adjacent part of the high voltage converter in order to increase the stability than the standard conventional switchgear facility. ) To ensure stability and safety at the same time using only one set of situational judgment intelligent sensor algorithms that combine open / close signal alarm, temperature / humidity sensor, shock sensor, cubic noise sensor, current sensor, etc. It consists of an integrated panel on one side and maintains stability Significantly reduce manufacturing and installation costs by reducing the size of the device while maintaining the required separation distance, and maximize installation efficiency by installing installations for temporary power supply or power distribution facilities for temporary power supply in confined spaces Inhibitors of various conditions have been drastically improved.

In addition, by maintaining the proper space of the electric potential transmitter, which is a key element in the construction of the water distribution facility, at the same time, it is possible to reduce waste of unnecessary space and to easily set the minimum compartment of the heat generating part. As the space to be used for the cooling device is concentrated, there is an advantage that the configuration can be simplified.

Figure 1: Schematic perspective view

Figure 2: Appearance of the exterior from the H2 side

Figure 3: Appearance of the exterior from the H1 side

Fig. 4: Appearance of appearance from the perspective of Fig. 1

Figure 5: Detailed drawing of the installation of sealing plate and gasket

6: Detail view of A-A 'plane

Figure 7: Top perspective view of a transformer

8 is a schematic circuit diagram of the present invention

Fig. 9: Outline view of panel composition of existing facilities

Figure 10: Situation Judgment Control Algorithm for Emergency Response

11: A perspective view of the heat dissipation structure with the detail of the B part

<Description of Symbols for Main Parts of Drawings>

1. Eye bolt for device transfer 2. Heat reflection insulation

3. Water-proof cover on the top of the device 4. Safety cover for internal viewing

5. Opening and closing handle 6. Lightning arrester

7. Power Fuse Device 8. Internal Lighting Lamp

9. Instrument box for status display 10. Cooling air passage

11. Transformer 11 '. space

12. Rail 13. Integrated Panel

14. Power metering device 14 '. space

15. Circuit section automatic switchgear

15 '. Space 16. Brackets for internal support

17. BUS BAR 18. High Voltage Terminal Insulator

19. Low voltage terminal insulator 20. Central control breaker

21. Integrated panel 22. Transformer surface or radiator surface of transformer

23. Disconnect switch 24. Breaker switch knob

25. Transformer upper tightening bolt 26. Transformer upper hatch

27. Safety valve for internal pressure control of transformer

28. Sealing plate on the upper part of transformer 29. Perspective window

30. Power Cable 31. Viewing Window

32. Space 33. Cooling air passage

34. Cooling air nozzle 35. Heat dissipation structure

S1. Transformer temperature sensing control S2. External temperature sensing control

S3. Door lock sensor S4. External shock sensor

S5. Voltage current monitor S6. Power factor and frequency detector

This will be described through the accompanying drawings as follows.

"Figure 1" is a schematic perspective view of the present invention as seen from any side of the device without any distinction, and described based on the main configuration and the main flow order of the converter (15) at the upper terminal of the circuit protection line section automatic switch The high voltage power starts to be introduced and sequentially passes through the transformer of the power metering device 11 of the line breaker 14 of the arrester 7 of the conventional art. Was used.

The present invention is based on the transformer of (11), (15) circuit protection line section automatic locking device and (15 ') space in the upper one side portion (6) lightning arrester and (7) power fuse device After positioning on one side, it is laminated with an internal support bracket configured as in (16), and the power metering device of (14), the transformer of (11) and the transformer surrounding space of (11 ') By separately partitioning the lower part, it was possible to construct a consistent order inside a panel. Through this, effective space partitioning was able to reduce the size of the device significantly compared to existing facilities.

In addition, the present invention is to install the heat generated in the transformer of (11) as shown in (28) and the gasket of the (30) and the gasket (30) as shown in "Figure 6" and "Figure 7" of the transformer The advantage is that the cooling target area can be reduced in a limited space very easily according to the type, capacity, or size scale. The conceptual definition is assumed by the opaque cover in Fig. 6 and the transparent in Fig. 7. It described and configured as the shape of "figure 5".

Heat generated in the transformer of (11) is usually not high heat generated in the case of a molded transformer, but in the case of an inflow transformer is generated heat is higher than that of a molded transformer, it is necessary to cool the bar in the present invention Although it can be used without restriction and a mold type transformer, it is assumed that the main use of the inlet transformer. As a whole, regardless of which type is used, the volume of the limited space is (L2) × (H5) × (L4), which subtracts the volume of its own transformer, thus reducing the space required for cooling, resulting in a more compact and compact device. The production configuration of the can be possible.

It is preferable to use a small blower or ventilation fan for air conditioning, and in some cases, in order to increase the efficiency of the cooling, it may be necessary to use a cooling apparatus such as "10" of FIG. As shown in (10 ') of FIG. 3, the direction of the cooling air can be configured, and the roles of (10) and (10'), which are the directions of inlet / outlet of the cooling air, can be changed according to the conditions of the site.

In addition, the cooling air conveyed along the passage of (33) needs to maintain the wind pressure at the tip of the row through the nozzle of (34) at a pressure of 1.5 to 3.0 atm or more, and is based on the "first law thermodynamics". Therefore, the higher the compression and compression release ratio of the cooling air is, the more preferable it is. Therefore, it is necessary to ensure sufficient cooling heat required for cooling through calculation of this. With proper cooling, the rated capacity of the transformer is improved by 30-50% in the case of a molded transformer. In the case of inlet transformers, the rated capacity can be increased by 10 – 20%.

In addition, in order to increase the energy utilization efficiency, it is necessary to make the upflow shower as shown in (b) and (c) of FIG. 11 sufficiently in the limited space enclosed by (28). Can be. In addition, in the present invention, the space limited to the enclosed plate as shown in (28) can actually be always below 1 m 3, and the specific heat of general air is approximately 0.3105 kcal / m 3 C at 0 ° C. Even if the load loss rate of the winding is aging and rises to 5%, the actual amount of heat required for cooling according to the load loss is (600) in consideration of the general maximum load calorific value of the transformer. Equation can be used to calculate the amount of air required to move the cooling air to perform the work of expansion.

ΔE = Δq + Δw ---------------- Formula (1-1)

= Δq + (-ΔP _ext ΔV --------- Equation (1-2)

= Δq-ΔP _ext ΔV ------------ Equation (1-3)

Where ΔE is the amount of energy change, Δq is the amount of heat, and Δw is the amount of work. In this case, ΔP _ext is the difference between the externally applied pressure and the released pressure. By using the adiabatic expansion of the upflow compressed cooling air, the volume change of the ΔV cooling gas may occur.

In addition, in order to achieve the purpose of effective use of the required cooling air of the space limited by (22) and (28), faster heat dissipation of the transformer, which is a heating element, is required. The cooling process of the present invention is mainly performed by convection and heat transfer processes. This heat generation is controlled and it is necessary to improve the efficiency of convection and heat transfer to make the most of the difference between the temperature T1 and the outside air temperature T2 on the surface of the transformer that dissipates heat. "If the heat dissipation structure constructed as (35) is closely attached to the periphery of (22), the efficiency can be further increased. In this case, the heat dissipation structure is made of aluminum sheet having high heat transfer effect, electrolytic copper sheet, cast iron or iron incidence plate. It can be used to increase the heat transfer coefficient (kcal / ㎥hr ℃) than natural convection and (2) insulation material surrounding (22) transformer surface radiator and (35) heat dissipation structure. If may be used had a thermal conductivity of a very low electrical conductivity is very low wood or leather, rubber or celluloid slate and the like.

At this time, the amount of air required for the cooling of the (22) and (35) in the limited space in the present invention can be considered as follows (34) Difference ΔP between the pressure P1 at the tip of the nozzle and the pressure P2 released as it flows upward The difference ΔT between the temperature T1 on the surface of the transformer and the outside temperature T2 is always a constant and can be calculated from the above equation, which can be detected by the measuring instrument, to easily calculate the amount of air and energy required.

P1V1-= T1 ------------- Formula (2-1)

P2V2 = T2 -------------- Formula (2-2)

(P1 -P2) (V1-V2) = (T1-T2)-Equation (2-3)

So ΔP (V1 -V2) = ΔT ------ Equation (2-3-1)

Since the V2 volume is limited by (28), it is possible to easily calculate the required air volume V1 to be supplied in a constant relationship.

Therefore, the required air amount can be calculated by the calculations of "figure 10" (S1) and (S2) and can be applied in practice. In this specification, reference examples of the substitution of each individual constant can be applied to various models and capacities. Omitted to establish the concept of 'yes'. In addition, the heat dissipation has the following characteristics, it is preferable to start the intake of the outside air from the bottom, it was found that the heat dissipation coefficient (Ec) must be high in order to more effectively limit the heat dissipation process in a small space.

For upflow

For downflow Ec = 1.5 ⁴ √ T1-T2 --------- Equation (3-2) provided, T1> T2

Therefore, assuming that the temperature of the cooling air is room temperature, the cooling air required for the cooling passage is measured at constant temperature of T1 and T2 as multiples of natural water in the space limited by (22) and (28). The proportional function can be calculated and the address of the proportional control operation of the blower motor, which can not only determine the size of the cooling system but also change the ventilation volume, is shown in (S1) of FIG. Could be set as a concept.

According to the present invention, a control element necessary for the cooling process operation is formed by forming a passage to effectively control the heat generated from the transformer. The control element as shown in FIG. Rapidly flowing air (34) forms a nozzle passage, where the air cooled by the adiabatic expansion gas generated in the process of releasing pressure is efficiently stacked in three-dimensional space (35). Due to the intensive cooling due to contact with the acid structure, it can help to prolong the life of the transformer.The configuration as shown in (b) can expect more effect in the upflow cooling. It can pursue the convenience of operation management far superior to the conventional cooling system of the panel.

Therefore, in realizing the miniaturization of the device, which is the main object of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 2, FIG. 3, and FIG. It can be maintained in the range of 1: 1.2 or 1: 1.5 level as standard, but in existing facilities, the ratio of about 1: 3.5 or 1: 4 can be maintained as in the "Figure 8". Compared to the existing panels, the floor area is greatly reduced.

Thus, the use of one end of the present invention having a greatly reduced floor area is not shown in the present specification, but when the entire panel is mounted on wheels or rails, it is easy to transport and relocate, mainly for medium and large construction sites or long construction periods. This plant can be easily used for temporary power supply by changing the installation location at the site of installation, and it can also be used very usefully for continuous power supply. Although it is difficult to be located in the center, it is installed in a place far from the center of load generation, such as a place where humanity such as the basement or the rooftop is rare and the floor space utilization is low, but according to the present invention, a narrow floor space is required. So that it can be directly located in the center of load generation do. Therefore, on the basis of being able to distribute power in the center of load generation, it is possible to reduce many converter construction elements, and it is a very practical invention that can naturally increase the efficiency of electricity use.

This will be described in detail through the accompanying drawings as follows.

"Figure 2" is one of the four sides that can be closed at all times due to the configuration of the device. The situation determination control algorithm device for emergency response, which is configured as "Figure 10", mainly for facilitating the stability check and alarm of the panel. (9), the status display instrument box is located so that it can be easily different, and "third" is one of four sides located on the opposite side of "second degree". The side of FIG. 3 is mainly for the low pressure side of the power distribution, which enables easy operation of switches and breaker knobs. "FIG. 4" is shown in this specification only one of the configuration of the opposite surface as one side of "FIG. 2" and "FIG. 3". "FIG. 4" is not shown in the present specification, but the existing magnet-operated push-type doors can be mounted by mounting elements, so once pressed, the compartments opened on the outer surface can be easily opened. In particular, when using an inflow transformer, it can be taken out through the rail of (12) to facilitate the maintenance.

Thus, the panel consisting of four sides can be equipped with a feature that can be checked at all times without distinction between the front and rear and left and right sides, even if a certain distance is separated from the side wall on which the equipment of the present invention is mounted. The inconvenience of controlling the operation can be avoided.

Therefore, the present invention can effectively improve the shortcomings of the conventional water distribution facilities and at the same time reduce the use space and increase the stability and safety, and use less expensive panels compared to the conventional water distribution facilities, it takes a low production cost and economical to be. In addition, it is very easy to install and install directly in the center of load based on the size and efficiency of the device, which greatly reduces the size of the load-side distribution line facility and saves permanent electric energy by reducing the length of the distribution line. It is a revolutionary invention that is advantageous in response to the rated capacity load.

The present invention has been developed for the purpose of maximizing the space utilization efficiency and maximizing power supply stability and use stability in the design and manufacturing process of the high voltage switchgear facility of 6,600V or more.

Claims (4)

In the construction of the integrated power distribution panel, as shown in FIG. 1, the components 6, 7, and 15 of the components are stacked and mounted on the structure formed as shown in (16) at the top, and (28) at the bottom. In order to maintain the efficiency of cooling by separately partitioning the cooling target space in the restricted space enclosed by (30), the algorithm is operated as in (S1) of FIG. 10 while the lower space with the metering device of (14). The distribution panel is designed to maintain safety and stability by forming a compartment. The heat dissipation structure of (35) in the confined space constituted by (28) and (22) as in (a), (b), (c), (d) of FIG. In addition to the laminated structure in the three-dimensional space and pressurized air passing through the nozzle of 34, the pressure is released to form an upflow air flow as shown in "figure 6" to cool the transformer in the confined space "figure 11 (35) In the multi-layer structure in the application space, the lower and upper sets forming the laminar flow face each other so that the turbulent flow of the passing gas is formed, and the distribution panel is designed to maintain the cooling efficiency. The material according to claim 1 and 2, wherein the material of (35) is mixed or used alone or in combination with an aluminum thin plate, an electrolytic copper thin plate, or a metal cast iron, or an iron incidence plate. It is formed to induce the flow of air upward. In the distribution panel constructed as described in claim 1, the ratio of width to height is in the range of 1: 1.2 to 1: 1.5 based on the narrow one side, and the main equipment for the control of the four sides is "FIGS. 2" and "3. It is easily observed by the see-through window as shown in Fig. 4 and Fig. 4, and the algorithm and measuring instrument of the situation judgment as shown in Fig. 10 maintains safety and stability in use by using only one set of sensors. It is a distribution panel that can be installed remotely by installing in load centers indoors and outdoors without giving the left and right distinction.