KR19990009824A - Preparation of Taxol Using Fungi - Google Patents

Abstract

The fungi, named Pestalalotia Heterocornis, which produce taxols and taxanes, and the method of separation of these fungi, screening methods for taxol and taxane production capacity, facilitate the use of taxols and taxanes in significantly higher yields. It can manufacture.

Description

Preparation of Taxol Using Fungi

[Industrial use]

The present invention relates to the preparation of Taxol using fungi, and more particularly, Pestalotea heterocornis (Pestalotia), which is obtained from Taxus genus or yew tree or the soil in which the tree grows and produces Taxol and Taxane. Heterocornis) and a method for isolating the fungi and screening for Taxol and taxane production capacity. The present invention also relates to a method for producing taxol and taxane using the fungus.

Taxol is a substance having excellent anticancer activity and is known for its use as a therapeutic agent and anticancer agent for leukemia.

[Private Technology]

Taxol is a terpenoid-based compound contained in the bark of yew, and its structure is represented by the following Chemical Formula 1.

[Formula 1]

Taxol is a compound approved by the US Food and Drug Administration as a leukemia therapeutic agent and an anticancer agent, and is particularly a compound having excellent anticancer activity against breast cancer and ovarian cancer.

The use of the aforementioned Taxol structure, leukemia therapeutics and anticancer agents has been described in the Journal of the American Chemical Society, May 1971, Vol 93, No 9, pager 2325-2327 by Wany et al. In addition, the above-mentioned document also describes the alcohol extraction method of Taxol.

As mentioned above, Taxol can be extracted from the bark of the yew tree, but the yield obtained therefrom is extremely low at about 100 mg / kg of bark, and there is a risk of environmental destruction, and the production thereof is inferior to the growth of the yew tree. There is a problem that the supply is not so smoothly dependent on.

Accordingly, US Pat. No. 4,924,011 discloses a chemical method for preparing taxol, but the above-described chemical method requires a complicated process and thus has a problem of low economic efficiency.

On the other hand, the seed of Taxus cuspidata seed growing in Korea has been reported to contain more than 200 times more taxol than the maximum amount of Taxol content in the bark of yew tree.

Recently, in PCT / US 93/03416, University of Montana US plant pathologist Andrea Stierle et al. A method for isolating andreanae is disclosed. However, there is a problem that the taxol produced in the mold is only a trace amount of 1-2 micrograms per liter.

The present invention is to solve the above problems of the prior art, an object of the present invention is obtained from the Taxus genus (Taxus) tree or the soil in which the tree grows, which can easily produce Taxol and taxanes in a remarkably high yield It provides a fungus named Pestalotia Heterocornis, which produces Taxol and Taxane, a method for isolating the fungus and a method for producing Taxol and Taxane using the fungus.

1A is a HPLC analysis graph of Taxol prepared according to the method of the present invention,

1B is a HPLC analysis graph of Taxol standard,

2 is a mass spectrum using a mass spectrometer of Taxol prepared according to the method of the present invention,

Figure 3a is a front photograph of the proliferation state of the Pestolotia Heterocornis mycelium isolated according to the method of the present invention,

Figure 3b is a backside photo showing the proliferation state of the Pestalotia Heterocornis mycelium isolated according to the method of the present invention.

[Means for solving the problem]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a fungus named Pestolotia Heterocornis, which produces Taxol and Taxane.

The fungus is preferably obtained from the tree Taxus (Taxus) or the soil in which the tree grows.

The soil is preferably collected from a humid soil within a radius of 1m centered on the roots of the tree in the tree in the naturally occurring colony of yew tree.

The present invention, (1) take a part of the soil in which the tree in the taxus is native; (2) the soil was deposited in 50-95% alcohol and the deposit was filtered to obtain a residue; (3) adding sterile saline to the residue and shaking to make a shake; (4) a portion of the supernatant of the shaker was grown on agar medium for 2-5 days until the fungus had grown; (5) transferring the proliferating mycelia to the fungal experimental growth medium to propagate the fungal culture; (6) separating at least a portion of the medium containing the fungal culture and grinding the hyphae completely to add a high performance liquid chromatography solvent to the mixture; (7) obtaining a chromatograph of fungal culture contained in said solvent; (8) A portion of the culture is taken to quantify taxane, taxol and baccatin, respectively, and the chromatograph is one or more taxane standards selected from the group consisting of taxol, baccardine and cephalomannine. Comparing; It provides a method for isolating fungi named Pestalotia Heterocornis (Pestalotia Heterocornis) comprising a.

The method preferably further comprises the step (4), followed by (4A) placing the proliferating mycelia on mycelial agar and transplanting them onto the mycelial agar until a single species is formed.

The method preferably further comprises the step (8), followed by (9) removing the culture that does not produce Taxol.

The present invention is also directed to (1) exposing a fungus named Pestalotia Heterocornis to a nutrient medium capable of causing fungal growth; (2) providing culture conditions for a medium containing fungi, including conditions under which the fungi can grow and replicate; (3) separating or concentrating the desired taxane from the culture medium or fungus; provides a method for producing taxane.

It is preferable that the said taxane in the said method is Taxol.

The nutrient medium preferably contains a compound selected from the group consisting of benzoic acid, benzoic acid metabolite precursors and sodium benzoate.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail.

From the soil in which the tree of interest grows, soil is collected within a radius of 1 m from the root of the tree of interest, sterilized with 50 to 95% ethanol for 10 to 30 seconds, the residue is filtered, and then shaken with sterile saline to obtain a shake. Take a portion of the supernatant of the shaker and apply it to the agar medium, and then cultured in a constant temperature incubator at 15 ° C., 20 ° C., and 25 ° C. under incubation conditions for 12 hours and dark conditions for 24 hours, respectively. Proliferate mycelia for 4 days. In this case, contamination of foreign matter is minimized.

Single isolates are obtained by continuous culturing until isolated mold is obtained in a single species form, which is transferred to one or more test media. The medium used at this time is Sabouraud dextrose agar (DIFCO 0382-17-9) medium, Potato dextrose agar (DIFCO 0013-17-6) medium, and Zapec dox agar (Czapec dox). agar, DIFCO) medium.

The fungus is a fungus named Pestalotia Heterocornis.

On June 18, 1997, the fungus was deposited with the Korea Institute of Science and Technology Biotechnology Research Institute located at 52, Eeun-dong, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Korea, and received accession number KCTC 0340BP.

In order to confirm that the fungus produces Taxol, it is incubated for two weeks using a shake incubator in a growth medium containing amino acid and sodium benzoate. In this case, the culture at a variety of shaking cycles of 50rpm, 100rpm, 150rpm, 200rpm, 250rpm at various temperatures of 15 ℃, 20 ℃, 30 ℃.

At the end of the incubation, the hyphae in the culture solution are completely ground using a waring blender, and then extracted using a dichloromethane solvent. At this time, dichloromethane is used in the same amount as the volume of the mycelial culture. This operation is repeated from one to three times. The formed dichloromethane layer is concentrated under reduced pressure at a low temperature of 25 ° C to 35 ° C.

The concentrate was identified using thin layer chromatography using the standard of Taxol, Bacardin and Cepharomannin as the comparative material. In this case, a silica gel 5 × 10 cm plate is used as the stationary phase, and chloroform acetonitrile 7: 3 v / v and hexane ethyl acetate 1: 2 v / v are used as the mobile phase. The Taxol, Bacardin and Cephalomanin absorb 254 nm ultraviolet shortwave light, and when the vanillin-sulfuric acid spray solution is prepared and sprayed, the color turns blue and then turns gray.

In addition, in order to confirm that the fungal extract obtained by the above method contains Taxol, the concentrated solution was dissolved in methanol of high performance liquid chromatography, analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography, and the same retention compared with the peak of the standard product. Make sure you have a retention time.

As a result of analysis by high performance liquid chromatography, the fungal extract appeared to be Taxol, and the ground culture solution was extracted three times with dichloromethane and concentrated under reduced pressure at the above-mentioned temperature, and the remaining residue was 20% methanol having the composition shown in Table 1 below. After dissolving in a buffered aqueous solution, a certain amount is taken and subjected to enzyme immunoassay analysis. Immune system, TA 01 (taxane specificity), TA 02 (taxol specificity), TA 03 (bacardine specificity) kit for quantitative detection of Hawaii Biotechnology Group Inc. to perform the enzyme immunoassay described above (kit), thereby assaying Taxol and its derivatives.

Use a mass spectrometer for more robust calibration. The concentrated solution was dissolved in methanol of high performance liquid chromatography, and preparative thin layer chromatography was performed on a thin layer chromatography plate manufactured by Merck using hexane ethyl acetate 1: 2 v / v as a developing solvent. The 254 nm shortwave light is absorbed slightly and the band reacted with the vanillin sulfuric acid spray solution is separated from the plate and eluted with dimethylene chloride. The eluate is concentrated under reduced pressure and the residue is dissolved in 1 ml of a high performance liquid chromatography grade acetonitrile solvent and measured by mass spectrometry.

In addition, in order to prove that Taxol and Taxane are not Taxol and Taxane contained in the culture medium, the presence of Taxol and Taxane when E. coli and other fungi were cultured under the same conditions and the same experiment was performed. Check it.

EXAMPLE

Hereinafter, preferred examples and comparative examples of the present invention are described. However, the following examples are only preferred embodiments for explaining the construction and effects of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the following examples.

Example 1

At the place where the trees in the taxus clustered, some moist soil within a radius of 1m was collected from the roots of the taxus tree and sterilized by basin for 30 seconds in 70% ethanol. The deposit was filtered and the residue was taken and washed twice with sterile distilled water to remove residual ethanol and shaken by addition of saline. After the shaking solution was left for 1 hour, 100 μl of the supernatant was evenly applied to the sabrorod dextrose agar medium and potato dextrose agar medium, followed by a 12 hour cycle at a constant temperature of 15 ° C., 20 ° C. and 25 ° C. Each was incubated in light and dark conditions for 24 hours. Fungi began to appear after 2 days of culture, and the fungus was passaged on Sabrod dextrose agar medium, potato dextrose agar medium, and Zapec dox agar medium. Subsequent fungi were passaged for one month.

The fungus is a fungus named Pestalotia Heterocornis. As shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B, the fungus has white hyphae and grows irregularly in potato dextrose agar medium. The back side of the multiplying mycelium has a salmon color. As shown in Figure 4, the spores of the fungus are fusiform, tapered at both ends, straight or slightly curved. Each spore consists of 5 cells with 4 septa and 3 to 5 appendices. The middle three cells have a light brown color, the cells at one end have one adnexal, and the cells at the other end have two to three adverbs.

Example 2

In order to cultivate the primary cultured mold in large quantities, the culture medium was cultured for 3 to 4 days, and then the production medium was added to the incubator and cultured for 20 days. The production medium composition was as follows.

1 g of glucose per 1 liter of solution, 3 g of fructose, 6 g of sucrose,

1 g sodium acetate, 1 g bactosoton, 1 mg thiamine,

Myotin 1mg, Pyridoxal 1mg, Pantothenic Acid Calcium Salt 1mg,

Phenylalanine 5mg, Sodium benzoate 100mg, Magnesium sulfate 3.6mg,

1 ml of potassium nitrate 6.5 mg1 mol potassium poststate solution,

Copper Nitrate 1mg, Zinc Sulfate 2.5mg, Manganese Chloride 5mg,

Iron chloride 2mg, zinc 9.38mg, manganese 18.75mg,

Magnesium 9.38 mg, conventional trace elements

The culture medium obtained by the above method was safely ground and mixed with fungal cells using a waring blender, and the same amount of dichloromethane as the mixed and mixed culture medium was added to separate the water-soluble material and the water-insoluble material, and a dichloromethane layer was taken. The separation operation of the water-soluble and water-insoluble material was further repeated twice. The organic solvent layer was collected and concentrated under reduced pressure at 25 ° C to 35 ° C. In order to confirm that the concentrate contains Taxol, the material extracted from fungal cells and culture medium using Taxol and its derivatives as a standard is used for high performance liquid chromatography equipped with a micropackage column (μ Bondapak, C18). After the analysis, the result was compared with the standard peak, and it was confirmed that the peak of Taxol appeared at the same retention time of 14 minutes and 30 seconds (FIG. 1). As a result of the high performance liquid chromatography analysis, it is believed that the extract of the fungus is Taxol, but the possibility of other substances can not be excluded, so that the concentrate is dissolved in 50 ml of 20% methanol buffer solution having the composition of Table 1 below, and Hawaii Biotechnology Group. Taxol and its derivatives were assayed using the TA 01, TA 02, TA 03 kit purchased from.

TABLE 1

As a result, it was confirmed to exhibit the same tendency as the Taxol standard, and it was proved that the extract obtained from the fungal cells and the culture solution contained Taxol and its derivatives. The amount of Taxol produced at this time was measured to 30 μg per liter in three weeks of culture.

E. coli and other fungi (Mucor hiemalis f. Luteus (Linndemann) Schipper) were cultured under the same conditions as the above method to prove that Taxol and its derivatives are not Taxol and derivatives contained in the culture medium itself. And no derivatives thereof.

The concentrated solution was dissolved in methanol of high performance liquid chromatography, and preparative thin layer chromatography was performed on a preparative thin layer chromatography plate (20 × 20, 2 mm, Merk) using hexane ethyl acetate 1: 2 v / v as a developing solvent. It was done. A band that absorbs weakly short light and reacts with vanillin sulfate spray solution is separated from the plate and eluted with dimethylene chloride, the eluate is concentrated under reduced pressure at low temperature, and the residue is dissolved in 1 ml of a high performance liquid chromatography-grade acetonitrile solvent. Measured by mass spectrometer. As a result, the band showed M ⁺¹ at 854, MNa ⁺ at 876 and MK ⁺ at 893 proved that the extract was Taxol (FIG. 2).

As described above, by using the fungi, which are named Pestalalotia Heterocornis according to the present invention, and the method for separating the fungi and the screening method for Taxol and taxane production capacity, Taxol can be easily obtained in a remarkably high yield. do.

Claims (8)

A fungus named Pestalalotia Heterocornis, which produces taxols and taxanes. The fungus of claim 1, wherein the fungus is obtained from a tree of Taxus or from soil in which the tree grows. (1) take part in the soil where trees in taxus are growing; (2) dipping in 50-95% of the soil dmf alcohol and filtering the deposit to obtain a residue; (3) adding sterile saline to the residue and shaking to make a shake; (4) a portion of the supernatant of the shaker was grown on agar medium for 2-5 days until the fungus had grown; (5) transferring the proliferating mycelia to the fungal experimental growth medium to propagate the fungal culture; (6) separating at least a portion of the medium containing the fungal culture and grinding the hyphae completely to add a high performance liquid chromatography solvent to the mixture; (7) obtaining a chromatograph of fungal culture contained in said solvent; (8) taking a portion of the culture to quantify taxane, taxol and baccardine, respectively, and compare the chromatograph with at least one taxane standard selected from the group consisting of Taxol, Bacardine and Cepharomannin; How to isolate a fungus named Pestaloatia Heterocornis comprising a. 4. The method of claim 3, further comprising the step (4): (4A) placing the proliferating hyphae on agar for mycelial culture and transplanting the hyphae culture into agar phase until a single species is formed; Method for isolating fungi named Pestaloatia Heterocornis further comprising. 4. The method of claim 3, further comprising the step (8): (9) removing the culture that does not produce Taxol; Method for isolating fungi named Pestaloatia Heterocornis further comprising. (1) exposing the fungus designated Pestalotia Heterocornis to a nutrient medium capable of causing fungal growth; (2) providing culture conditions for a medium containing fungi, including conditions under which the fungi can grow and replicate; (3) A method for producing taxane, comprising separating or concentrating a desired taxane from the culture medium or fungus. The method for producing taxane according to claim 6, wherein the taxane is taxol. The method of claim 6, wherein the nutrient medium comprises a compound selected from the group consisting of benzoic acid, a benzoic acid metabolite precursor, and sodium benzoate.