KR19990003813A - Combustion chamber of direct injection diesel engine - Google Patents

Combustion chamber of direct injection diesel engine Download PDF

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Publication number
KR19990003813A
KR19990003813A KR1019970027770A KR19970027770A KR19990003813A KR 19990003813 A KR19990003813 A KR 19990003813A KR 1019970027770 A KR1019970027770 A KR 1019970027770A KR 19970027770 A KR19970027770 A KR 19970027770A KR 19990003813 A KR19990003813 A KR 19990003813A
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South Korea
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combustion chamber
direct injection
diesel engine
injection diesel
depth
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KR1019970027770A
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Korean (ko)
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KR100365221B1 (en
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손종문
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김영귀
기아자동차 주식회사
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B23/00—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation
    • F02B23/02—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition
    • F02B23/06—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F3/00—Pistons 
    • F02F3/26—Pistons  having combustion chamber in piston head
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion Methods Of Internal-Combustion Engines (AREA)

Abstract

본 발명은 혼합기의 완전 연소를 실현할 수 있도록 된 형상을 가지는 직접분사식 디젤 엔진의 연소실에 관한 것이다. 본 발명에 따른 직접분사식 디젤 엔진의 연소실은 대략 뒤집어진 하트 형상의 단면으로 피스톤 헤드(1)에 형성되는 직접분사식 디젤 엔진의 연소실(2)에 있어서, 바닥면 중앙에 원추 형상의 콘부(2a)를 가지는 것을 특징으로 한다.The present invention relates to a combustion chamber of a direct injection diesel engine having a shape such that complete combustion of a mixer can be realized. The combustion chamber of the direct injection diesel engine according to the present invention is a combustion chamber (2) of a direct injection diesel engine formed in the piston head (1) with a substantially inverted heart-shaped cross section, with a cone-shaped cone portion (2a) at the center of the bottom surface. Characterized in having a.

Description

직접분사식 엔진의 연소실Combustion chamber of direct injection engine

본 발명은 직접분사식 디젤 엔진의 연소실에 관한 것으로, 보다 구체적으로 혼합기의 완전 연소를 실현할 수 있도록 된 형상을 가지는 직접분사식 디젤 엔진의 연소실에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a combustion chamber of a direct injection diesel engine, and more particularly to a combustion chamber of a direct injection diesel engine having a shape capable of realizing complete combustion of a mixer.

공기와 연료의 혼합기를 흡입, 압축하여 전기 불꽃(electric spark)으로 점화, 연소시키는 가솔린 엔진과 달리, 디젤 엔진은 공기만을 흡입, 압축한 다음 고온고압의 공기 중으로 연료를 분사하여 자기착화시켜 연소시키는 방법을 사용하고 있다.Unlike gasoline engines that inhale and compress air and fuel mixtures to ignite and burn them with an electric spark, diesel engines inhale and compress only air, and then inject fuel into high-temperature, high-pressure air to combust and combust. I'm using the method.

이러한 디젤 엔진은 연료의 분사방식에 따라 직접분사식과 간접분사식으로 크게 구분할 수 있다. 이중에서 직접분사식이란 연료를 분할되지 않은 단실(單室)에 직접 분사하는 방식이다.Such diesel engines can be classified into direct injection methods and indirect injection methods according to fuel injection methods. The direct injection method is a method of directly injecting fuel into an undivided single chamber.

이와 같은 직접분사식 디젤 엔진의 연소실의 일예가 도 1에 도시되어 있다.An example of a combustion chamber of such a direct injection diesel engine is shown in FIG. 1.

도시된 바와 같이, 직접분사식 디젤엔진의 연소실(2)은 피스톤의 헤드부(1)에 설치되며, 대략 뒤집어진 하트 형상의 단면을 가지고 있다. 이러한 형상의 연소실(2)에서는 주로 유입 와류에 의해 혼합기의 형성이 촉진되며, 연료의 일부분은 다공 노즐로부터 분사되면서 미립화되어 자기착화하고, 나머지 연료는 연소실(2) 내에서 무화되어 약간의 착화지연을 거쳐 연소된다. 도면에서 미설명 부호 3은 실린더 헤드이고, 4는 연료 분사 노즐이다.As shown, the combustion chamber 2 of the direct injection diesel engine is installed in the head portion 1 of the piston and has a substantially inverted heart-shaped cross section. In the combustion chamber 2 of this shape, the formation of the mixer is mainly promoted by the inflow vortex, and a part of the fuel is atomized and self-ignited while being injected from the porous nozzle, and the remaining fuel is atomized in the combustion chamber 2 so that there is a slight ignition delay. Burning through. In the drawings, reference numeral 3 denotes a cylinder head, and 4 denotes a fuel injection nozzle.

이와 같은 직접분사식 디젤 엔진에 있이서, 연소실의 형상은 NOx 또는 분진등과 같은 유해 성분의 발생량과 직접적인 관계가 있다. 따라서, 연소시 최대한 완전 연소가 이루어져 유해 성분의 발생이 최소화되도록 연소실의 형상을 설계하는 것이 매우 중요하다.In such a direct injection diesel engine, the shape of the combustion chamber is directly related to the amount of harmful components such as NOx or dust. Therefore, it is very important to design the shape of the combustion chamber so that the complete combustion as possible as possible to minimize the generation of harmful components.

그러나, 상기와 같은 종래의 직접분사식 디젤 엔진의 연소실은 다음과 같은 문제점을 가지고 있었다.However, the combustion chamber of the conventional direct injection diesel engine as described above has the following problems.

즉, 연스실의 설계시 분사되는 연료와 공기의 혼합 정도 및 연소에 따라 발생되는 와류가 충분히 고려되지 않았기 때문에, 연소실 내부에 공기만이 존재하여 연소가 이루어지지 않는 공간이 발생된다. 따라서, 연료와 공기의 혼합이 충분하지 못하여 불완전 연소가 일어나게 되어 연소 가스 중에 유해 성분이 많이 발생되는 단점이 있었다.That is, since the mixture of fuel and air injected and the vortices generated by the combustion are not sufficiently considered in the design of the combustion chamber, only the air is present in the combustion chamber to generate a space in which no combustion occurs. Therefore, insufficient mixing of fuel and air results in incomplete combustion, which leads to a disadvantage in that a lot of harmful components are generated in the combustion gas.

본 발명은 상기와 같은 문제점을 해결하기 위해 안출된 것으로, 연소 가스중의 유해 성분을 저감할 수 있도록 혼합기의 완전 연소를 실현할 수 있는 형상을 가지는 직접분사식 디젤 엔진의 연소실을 제공하는데 그 목적이 있다.SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and an object thereof is to provide a combustion chamber of a direct injection diesel engine having a shape capable of realizing complete combustion of a mixer so as to reduce harmful components in combustion gas. .

도 1은 종래의 직접분사식 디젤 엔진의 연소실을 보인 반단면도.1 is a cross-sectional view showing a combustion chamber of a conventional direct injection diesel engine.

도 2는 본 발명에 따른 직접분사식 디젤 엔진의 연소실을 보인 반단면도.Figure 2 is a half sectional view showing a combustion chamber of a direct injection diesel engine according to the present invention.

도 3은 종래와 본 발명에 따른 연소실에서의 연소 가스 중의 유해 물질 수준을 비교한 그래프.Figure 3 is a graph comparing the level of harmful substances in the combustion gas in the combustion chamber according to the prior art and the present invention.

* 도면의 주요부분에 대한 부호의 설명* Explanation of symbols for main parts of the drawings

1 : 피스톤의 헤드부 2 : 연소실1: head of piston 2: combustion chamber

2a : 콘부2a: cone part

상기와 같은 목적은, 대략 뒤집어진 하트 형상의 단면으로 피스톤 헤드에 형성되는 직접분사식 디젤 엔진의 연소실에 있어서, 바닥면 중앙에 원추 형상의 콘부를 가지는 것을 특성으로 하는 본 발명에 따른 직접분사식 디젤 엔진의 연소실에 의해 달성된다.The above object is a direct injection type diesel engine according to the present invention characterized in that in the combustion chamber of a direct injection type diesel engine formed in the piston head with a substantially inverted heart-shaped cross section, it has a conical cone portion at the center of the bottom surface. Is achieved by the combustion chamber.

여기서, 개구부의 직경은 실린더 보어 직경의 대략 54.5 내지 55%이며, 리엔트런트비는 86.7 내지 89%이고, 깊이는 개구부의 39.5 내지 40%이며, 바닥부의 반경은 상부 개구부 반경의 28.7 내기 29%인 것이 바람직하다.Here, the diameter of the opening is approximately 54.5 to 55% of the cylinder bore diameter, the reentrant ratio is 86.7 to 89%, the depth is 39.5 to 40% of the opening, and the radius of the bottom is 28.7 bet 29% of the top opening radius. Is preferably.

또한, 림의 반경은 0.5mm이며, 스퀴시 립의 깊이는 연소실 깊이의 25%인 것이 바람직하다. 또한, 콘부의 원추각은 노즐 분사각의 92.5 내지 93이고, 원추의 깊이는 연소실 깊이의 22.1 내지 22.4%이며, 원추 끝단 반경은 l5 내지 16mm인 것이 바람직하다.Further, the radius of the rim is 0.5 mm, and the depth of the squishy lips is preferably 25% of the depth of the combustion chamber. In addition, the cone angle of the cone portion is 92.5 to 93 of the nozzle injection angle, the depth of the cone is 22.1 to 22.4% of the depth of the combustion chamber, the cone tip radius is preferably 1 to 16mm.

[실시예]EXAMPLE

이하, 본 발명의 바람직한 일 실시예를 첨부된 도면을 참조하여 상세하게 설명한다.Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

도 2에 본 발명에 따른 직접분사식 디젤 엔진의 연소실이 도시되어 있다.2 shows a combustion chamber of a direct injection diesel engine according to the invention.

도시된 바와 같이, 본 발명에 따른 직접분사식 디젤 엔진의 연소실(2)은 대략 뒤집어진 하트 형상의 단면으로 피스톤의 헤드부(1)에 형성된다. 그리고, 바닥면 중앙에는 원추 형상의 콘부(2a)가 형성된다. 이와 같은 형상을 가지는 본 발명에 따른 연소실(2)의 상부 개구부의 직경(a)은 실린더 보어 직경의 대략 54.5 내지 55%의 크기를 가지며, 리엔트런트비(b/a)는 대략 86.7 내지 87%이다. 그리고, 연소실(2)의 깊이(c)는 개구부 직경(a)의 대략 39.5 내지 40%이다. 또한, 연소실 림의 반경(e)은 0.5mm이며, 이때 스퀴시 림의 깊이(f)는 연소실 깊이(c)의 25%가 적당하다. 또한, 콘부(2a)의 원추각(i)은 노즐 분사각의 92.5 내지 93%이며, 원추 깊이(h)는 연소실 깊이(e)의 22.1 내지 22.4%이고, 원추 끝단 반경(j)은 15 내지 16mm이다. 또한, 연소실 바닥부의 반경(d)은 개구부 반경의 28.7 내지 29%이다.As shown, the combustion chamber 2 of the direct injection diesel engine according to the invention is formed in the head part 1 of the piston in a substantially inverted heart-shaped cross section. A cone-shaped cone portion 2a is formed at the center of the bottom surface. The diameter (a) of the upper opening of the combustion chamber 2 according to the present invention having such a shape has a size of approximately 54.5 to 55% of the diameter of the cylinder bore, and the reentrant ratio (b / a) is approximately 86.7 to 87. %to be. The depth c of the combustion chamber 2 is approximately 39.5 to 40% of the opening diameter a. Further, the radius e of the combustion chamber rim is 0.5 mm, where 25% of the combustion chamber depth c is suitable for the depth f of the squish rim. Further, the cone angle i of the cone portion 2a is 92.5 to 93% of the nozzle injection angle, the cone depth h is 22.1 to 22.4% of the combustion chamber depth e, and the cone tip radius j is 15 to 16 mm. In addition, the radius d of the combustion chamber bottom is 28.7 to 29% of the opening radius.

상기와 같은 형상을 가지는 본 발명에 따른 직접분사식 디젤 엔진의 연소실(2)은 연소에 불필요한 공간이 제거되어 공기와 연료의 혼합이 최적화되므로 완전연소가 이루어질 수 있다. 따라서, 도 3에 도시된 바와 같이, 종래에 비해 연소 가스 중의 N○x와 분진 등의 유해 물질이 크게 저감된다.Combustion chamber (2) of the direct injection diesel engine according to the present invention having the shape as described above can be completely burned because the space unnecessary for combustion is removed to optimize the mixing of air and fuel. Therefore, as shown in Fig. 3, compared with the related art, harmful substances such as Nx and dust in the combustion gas are greatly reduced.

상기된 바와 같은 본 발명은 연료와 공기의 혼합이 최적화되어 완전 연소가 이루어지므로, 연소 가스 중의 N○x와 분진 등의 유해 물질이 크게 저감되는 장점이 있다.The present invention as described above has the advantage that the mixture of fuel and air is optimized so that complete combustion is achieved, so that harmful substances such as Nx and dust in the combustion gas are greatly reduced.

Claims (4)

대략 뒤집어진 하트 형상의 단면으로 피스톤 헤드에 형성되는 직접분사식 디젤 엔진의 연소실이 있어서, 바닥면 중앙에 원추 형상의 콘부를 가기는 것을 특징으로 하는 직접분사식 디젤 엔진의 연소실.A combustion chamber of a direct injection diesel engine formed in the piston head with a substantially inverted heart-shaped cross section, wherein a conical cone portion is placed in the center of the bottom surface thereof. 제 1항에 있어서, 상부 개구부의 직경은 실린더 보어 직경의 대략 54.5 내지 55%이며, 리엔트런트비는 86.7 내지 89%이고, 깊이는 개구부의 39.5 내지 40%이며, 바닥부의 반경은 상부 개구부 반경의 28.7 내지 29%인 것을 특징으로 하는 직접분사식 디젤 엔진의 연소실.The diameter of the top opening is about 54.5 to 55% of the cylinder bore diameter, the reentrant ratio is 86.7 to 89%, the depth is 39.5 to 40% of the opening, and the radius of the bottom is the top opening radius. Combustion chamber of 28.7 to 29% of the direct injection diesel engine. 제 1항 또는 제 2항에 있어서, 림의 반경은 0.5mm이며, 스퀴시 립의 깊이 연소실 깊이의 25%인 것을 특징으로 하는 직접분사식 디젤 엔진의 연소실.3. Combustion chamber of a direct injection diesel engine according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the radius of the rim is 0.5 mm and 25% of the depth of the squish lip depth of the combustion chamber. 제 1항 내지 제 3항 중의 어느 한 항에 있어서, 콘부의 원추각은 노즐 분사각의 92.5 내지 93%이고, 원추의 깊이는 연소실 깊이의 22.1 내지 22.4%이며, 원추 끝단 반경은 15 내지 16mm인 것을 특징으로 하는 직접분사식 디젤 엔진의 연소실.The cone angle according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the cone angle of the cone portion is 92.5 to 93% of the nozzle injection angle, the depth of the cone is 22.1 to 22.4% of the combustion chamber depth, and the cone tip radius is 15 to 16 mm. Combustion chamber of a direct injection diesel engine, characterized in that.
KR1019970027770A 1997-06-26 1997-06-26 Combustion chamber of direct injection diesel engine KR100365221B1 (en)

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KR100365221B1 KR100365221B1 (en) 2003-08-02

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