KR19980082070A - Retaining wall blocks used with geogrids - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a retaining wall block having means for receiving and supporting geogrid reinforcement materials. According to one aspect of the invention, the geogrid receiving and supporting means comprise one or more projections provided on either side of the block and holes or recesses provided on the other side of the block opposite thereto. According to another aspect of the invention, the geogrid receiving and supporting means comprises a transverse groove formed in the upper surface of the block. According to another aspect of the invention, the geogrid receiving and supporting means comprises a transverse slot provided in the rear wall of the block, the slot comprising a groove ending in the body of the block in the cavity having a larger width dimension than the groove.

Description

Retaining wall blocks used with geogrids

The present invention relates to a retaining wall block for use with geogrid reinforcement materials.

Geogrid reinforcement materials take a variety of forms, but generally take the form of a mesh or extruded or elongated plate of a material that does not decompose into harmless substances by inanimate matter, such as terylene or plastics.

Geogrid reinforcement materials are used to secure large amounts of soil during construction work, such as landfill or landscaping, to prevent soil from falling down. Geogrid reinforcement materials are generally laid horizontally when the soil is filled with several layers and disposed vertically spaced at a distance of about 0.25 meters from the top to about 1.5 meters at the top of the interior building material. However, its use in certain construction areas may be corroded by natural factors, such as seawater, wind, rivers, or by anthropogenic effects such as road traffic, or by the need to limit the inclination or wall angle due to the nature of land use. May be limited. Under such circumstances, it is highly desirable from a functional, practical and aesthetic point of view to use walls with rigid walls as part of the geogrid reinforcement structure.

Accordingly, there is a need to provide a method of securing or supporting geogrid reinforcement material in a retaining wall.

According to the invention, a retaining wall block provided with means adapted to receive and support a geogrid reinforcement material, such as a hole or recess formed on at least one side to constrain the geogrid material or restrain the support clip attached to the geogrid material And / or retaining wall blocks with protrusions.

According to a first aspect of the invention, the geogrid receiving and supporting means comprises one or more projections provided on one side of the block and holes or recesses provided on the other side of the block opposite thereto.

Generally, projections in the form of a linear array or matrix are provided.

Generally, the protrusions are provided on the top of the block and are located in a hole or recess provided in the base of another block vertically adjacent. The protrusions are preferably located in the holes of the geogrid material.

In general, since the projection is provided closer to the rear of the block than the hole or recess of the block, the inclination angle of the front wall becomes larger than 0 °.

According to a second aspect of the invention, the geogrid material receiving means is provided with transverse grooves formed in the top surface of the retaining wall block to receive the edges of the geogrid material in use in the form of a plate. The geogrid reinforcement material is supported by the weight of the second block overlying the first block. In order to more reliably support the geogrid material while the second block is arranged on the first block on which the geogrid is installed, it is preferred that the groove is provided with an inclined surface facing backwards.

According to a third aspect of the invention, the geogrid reinforcement material receiving means comprises a groove provided in the rear wall of the block, the groove ending in the block in the cavity which is larger in dimension than the groove. Generally, the grooves and cavities are formed in the body of a single block. Otherwise, a groove and a hole may be formed between two adjacent blocks in the vertical direction.

Generally, clips are provided to more reliably support the geogrid material in the cavity. The clip is attached to the edge of the geogrid, which increases the dimensions of the edge and prevents it from withdrawing through the cavity. The support clip may generally take the form of an elongated member having a plurality of finger-like protrusions protruding from one edge. Finger-shaped protrusions are spaced at intervals corresponding to the hole spacing in the geogrid reinforcement material.

In use, the elongate member shaped clip is placed over the edge of the geogrid material, and a number of finger-like protrusions are bent around the edge of the geogrid material to secure the clip in a predetermined position on the geogrid.

1 is a front view of a first embodiment of a retaining wall block according to the first aspect of the present invention.

2 is a plan view of the block of FIG.

3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line III-III of FIG. 1.

4 is a partial cross-sectional view taken along the line IV-IV of FIG. 2.

5 is a front view of a second embodiment of a retaining wall block according to the second aspect of the present invention.

6 is a plan view of the block of FIG. 5.

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along line III-III of FIG. 5.

8 is a cross-sectional view of one embodiment of a retaining wall block according to the second aspect of the present invention.

9 to 11 are exemplary views showing the first, second and third embodiments of the retaining wall block according to the third aspect of the present invention, respectively.

12 and 13 are exemplary views showing the structure and usage of the clip according to the present invention, respectively.

14 to 17 are exemplary views each showing a state in which a geogrid material is supported in the retaining wall block according to the third aspect of the present invention.

18 and 19 are illustrative views showing different examples of a method of supporting geogrid material, respectively.

** Description of symbols for the main parts of the drawing **

10; Retaining wall block 11; obverse

12; Back side 13; spin

14; Recess 15; Drainage channel

16; Top 17; Bottom

19; Tongue shaped member 20; home

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 to 4, the retaining wall block 10 according to the first aspect of the present invention includes a front face 11, a back face 12, an upper face 16, and a bottom face 17. When using the retaining wall block of the present invention in a landfill construction, the rear surface 12 serves to support the soil. The upper face 16 of the block 10 is provided with a plurality of protrusions 13 in a linear arrangement each located in a hole of geogrid material. In use, the geogrid material is placed on the protrusion 13 and another block 10 is placed on one block. The protrusion 13 is located in a recess 14 provided on the base of the second block, whereby the geogrid material is constrained between the two blocks. In a typical installation manner, blocks in various directions are used, but the geogrid material is supported by protrusions on adjacent blocks in either direction.

In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, the protrusion 13 takes the form of a finger which is particularly suitable for use with commercially available one-way stretched geogrid materials. The size and spacing of the protrusions 13 arranged along the length of the block is determined by the particular shape of the geogrid. In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, each projection 13 is inserted separately in a cavity provided at the top of the block 10. The finger-shaped protrusion 13 may be fixed at a predetermined position or may be fixed at a predetermined position by a second block placed on the first block in a loosely laid state.

As shown, the projection 13 is disposed closer to the back side 12 of the block than the recess 14. As a result, the blocks in the subsequent direction in the retaining wall retreat to the back of the lower block, generally providing an inclination angle of 5 ° to 1.0 °. For some construction work, an inclination angle of 0 ° may be desirable, in which case the recess 14 may be located just below the projection 13. Some construction work may require a separate face 11 to provide a beautiful appearance or finish. In the illustrated embodiment, the front face 11 is finished with a shaved edge 18 provided around the periphery of the face.

In order to increase the strength and filling area of the retaining wall, the block is provided with an interlock in the form of a tongue-shaped member 19 and a groove 20, respectively provided on the edge of either vertical edge of the block. The tongue-shaped member 19 of one block is located in the groove 20 of the adjacent block in the horizontal direction. The block also communicates with the small drain channel 15 on the top and end surfaces. The dimensions of the drain channel 15 on the top side of the block may be selected to accommodate the peripheral edge of the geogrid material, which is generally thicker in cross section than the geogrid material surrounding the hole in which the projection 13 is located. However, some geogrids may be of a constant thickness, in which case the drain channel on the top may be arbitrarily removed. The block is also provided with a lifting point 21 for moving the block to a predetermined position manually or using a crane.

In use, a block is used to assemble the retaining wall, each block interlocked with the adjacent block in the same direction by engagement with the tongue-shaped member and groove of the block adjacent to the tongue-shaped member and groove of the block. The block is also interlocked with the block in the up and down direction by the coupling between the protrusions 13, 33, 64, 74 and the recesses 14, 34, 65, 75 of the block in the adjacent direction. As in conventional retaining wall construction, blocks in adjacent directions are staggered so that each block can be combined with two blocks in up and down directions. Geogrid reinforcement materials are inserted at appropriate intervals along the direction.

5 to 7 show blocks similar to those described above except that they are particularly suitable for rectangular geogrids. Rather than a finger-like protrusion, a rectangular grid-shaped geogrid is disposed on the rectangular cross-sectional protrusion 33 in the form of a matrix. In the illustrated embodiment, the rectangular cross-sectional projection 33 in the form of a matrix is formed as a separating element 41 fixed in a corresponding recess formed in the upper surface of the block 30, for example by means of a suitable adhesive. Otherwise, a leg-shaped member may be provided which can slide freely along the recess in which they are located. Some grids may also be arranged around the separating element 41 for complete support. The method of providing the protrusions in the separating element 41 in the top surface 36 of the block 30 is equally applicable to the embodiment illustrated in FIGS. This means that the body of block 30 can be manufactured to suit different situations (eg, where visual appearance is a major design requirement). Such a general purpose block can be used with various other types of geogrids by inserting appropriately configured elements 41.

5-7 also show the relief holes 38 formed in the block to facilitate handling of the block by reducing the weight of the block. The illustrated block is provided with an interlock device 39, 40 which consists of a drainage channel 35 as described above and a tongue-shaped member and a groove.

When assembling the retaining wall, when the block in either direction is disposed at a height that does not require geogrid material, the elements 41 supporting the protrusions 13 or the matrix-shaped protrusions 33 are separated elements or blocks ( It can be replaced with a simple wedge element, which can be the inner element of 10).

8 shows an retaining wall block 50 according to the second aspect of the present invention having a front face 51 and a rear face 52 and a horizontal groove 53 provided on the top face 54 of the block 50. It is. The block may also include a vertical linkage consisting of a drainage channel, a tongue shaped member and a groove over the vertical end of the block as described above with respect to the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1-7.

In use, the edges of the geogrid material in the form of plates are located in the transverse grooves 53. As before, the geogrid material is fixed in position by placing another block on top of one block. The provision of the transverse grooves 53 inclined towards the rear makes the geogrid material more firmly supported. The width and depth of the grooves are controlled such that their width can accommodate the transverse ribs of the geogrid, which are generally thicker than the longitudinal finger-shaped members of the geogrid. This type of block is particularly preferred for use with unidirectional stretched geogrids. The small radius above the upper back edge 56 of the groove prevents the cutting edge from being formed or provided to the geogrid when loaded. As shown, the upper surface 54 and the lower surface 55 are provided with anti-rotation half-shaped dovetail fittings, respectively, so that more firm connections are made between blocks in adjacent directions. This feature can be equally applied to other embodiments of the retaining wall block according to various aspects of the present invention through appropriate modifications.

Narrow grooves 57 may be provided in the top surface 54 of the block to avoid directional loads of the block on the geogrid. This groove receives a thin finger-like member in the longitudinal direction of the geogrid. This provides a support surface at each hole of the geogrid in which the block is placed without applying a compressive load to the geogrid. This feature can also be applied to other retaining wall blocks.

In the loaded state, the frictional bond and the direction of disintegration of the force provide a stronger joint strength between the block and the geogrid than the design strength of the geogrid.

9 illustrates a retaining wall block according to a third aspect of the present invention, in which the back side 61 of the block 60 has a narrow groove 62 open into the cavity 53 in the body of the block 60. Is provided. The top surface of the block 60 is also provided with a projection 64 which can be located in the recess 65 in the bottom surface of the corresponding block in the above direction. In FIG. 10 a groove 72 is provided in the rear surface 71 which terminates in the cavity 73 generally in the form of a ship in the body of the block 70 and the positioning projection 74 and recess 75 are provided. Another embodiment of block 70 is shown provided on the top and bottom of the block, respectively. In addition, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 10, the grooves 72 and the cavities 73 are separated by slots 76 of short length and narrow width. This embodiment, illustrated in more detail in FIG. 16, is equipped with a 'double' slot to facilitate molding. The block may be molded by a simple removable core with a ship-shaped cavity and a narrow slot (the block thus manufactured will have a complete shape through the block without the slot exiting the rear of the block). A wide groove 72 is then created by simple saw blade cutting with a suitable thickness and depth so that it can fit into the narrow slot 76. Alternatively, the cavity may be formed by forming a block around the insert or core with groove 72, cavity 73 and narrow slot 76.

11 shows a variant of the retaining wall block according to the invention in which a cavity 83 is formed between the channels 81 and 82 provided on the bottom and top surfaces of the block 80 in the adjacent direction, respectively. Corresponding grooves 84 are provided in the space between the top and bottom surfaces of the blocks in the adjacent direction, and narrow grooves are provided on either or both sides to accommodate the geogrid to prevent the compressive load from being applied to the geogrid. It is desirable to. In another embodiment (not shown), the cavity 83 may be formed by an enlarged channel provided only on one side of the top or bottom of the block.

Since the transverse edges of the plate-shaped geogrid material are thicker in size than the mesh area, the edges can slide into the cavities 73 and 83 to be supported in position. Alternatively, the clip 90 described in more detail below may be used to increase the thickness of the edge of the geogrid material supported in the cavities 73 and 83. The clip 90 serves to increase the thickness of the transverse ribs 95 with respect to the longitudinal finger-shaped member 96 in the case of a geogrid. Other geogrids create a thickness to constrain the geogrid within a cavity with a very narrow slot exit at the back of the retaining wall block (the soil stacking side) through which the geogrid can exit.

Referring to Figures 12 and 13, the clip 90 used for this purpose includes an elongate member 92 having a plurality of finger-like members 93, 94 extending evenly at one edge. . The finger shaped members 93 and 94 are separated or not separated depending on whether or not the hole 97 in the geogrid material 91 is separated. In use, the clip 90 is positioned with the elongated member 92 along the line of the surrounding transverse rib 95, the finger shaped members 93, 94 extending inward toward the body of the geogrid material, and the geogrid Over the hole 97 in the material. A number of finger-shaped members 94 are bent around transverse ribs 95 to secure the clip at a predetermined location on geogrid material 91. In general, because the finger shaped member 94 is bent alternately, the finger shaped member 93 extends parallel to the longitudinal finger shaped member 96 of the geogrid material. This not only makes handling the geogrid material easier, but also has the effect that the clip is also fixed between the top and bottom of the block in the adjacent direction when the block in the upward direction is positioned over the geogrid material in which the clip is fixed. In general, to achieve this object, the finger shaped member 93 is longer than the finger shaped member 94. Generally, clips are made of non-degradable materials that remain in the soil for more than 120 years. Plastic materials, stainless steel (not rust) or bronze are suitable materials. The finger-shaped member 93 is preferably thicker than the longitudinal finger-shaped member 96 of the geogrid, and by adopting such a configuration, the compressive load can be prevented from being applied to the geogrid by the retaining wall block in the upward direction. .

14 to 17 show in detail the geogrid material fitted to the back of the blocks shown in FIGS. 9 to 11. FIG. 14 shows a cavity 63 and a groove 62 provided with a slot liner element 100 generally made of metal or plastic material. The liner 100 may be integrally cast with the block, may simply be mounted by sliding in the block as a post-production process, or may be loosely or fixedly mounted at a predetermined position mechanically or using an adhesive. Since the liner 100 has the effect of reducing the width of the grooves 62, the liner 100 may enhance the support state of the transverse ribs 95 of the geogrid material 91. If liner 100 as shown in FIG. 15 is used, clip 90 may also be used. In this case, since the liner itself serves to prevent damage to the geogrid from the block, all finger shaped members 93 and 94 can be secured around the transverse ribs 95 of the geogrid material. FIG. 15 also shows the use of a securing tab 101 that may be provided when the liner 100 is molded into a block. The securing tabs have the effect of firmly securing the liner 100 in the block material.

The configuration shown in FIGS. 16 and 17 corresponds to the configuration described in FIGS. 14 and 15, with the cavity 63 generally taking the form of a ship as described above.

18 and 19 show the use of the needle 102 to provide a thickness for supporting the geogrid material in the cavity of the block as described above, where the needle is threaded transversely through the hole in the geogrid.

As another way of using the clip 90, a similar geogrid made of weldable or moldable material may be provided with end transverse ribs thickened by the molding process or by welding a separate material thereto. The details of various embodiments may vary depending on the size and pitch of the holes, transverse ribs and longitudinal finger shaped members of the particular geogrid used. Other clip configurations, such as conventional wire conveyor belt clip configurations, may also be used.

Blocks are generally made of concrete and can be made through a vibration process using semi-drying materials, either through wet casting in individual molding machines or through wet casting as an integral part of the projections 13 and 33 combined. (In the embodiment according to the first aspect of the present invention). Alternatively, it may be made of soil or a suitable composite material with suitable physical climatic properties. The front face of the block can be inclined or erected vertically as needed and can be further trimmed along the edges to provide additional decoration.

In the various embodiments of the present invention as described above, the projections 13, 33, 6 4, 74 are provided on the upper surface of each block, and the recesses 14, 34, 65, 75 are provided on the lower surface. However, the configuration may be reversed without departing from the scope of the present invention. However, when these protrusions are provided on the upper surface of the block, it is possible to more easily position the holes of the geogrid material on the protrusions 13 and 33 according to the first aspect of the present invention, and this position during the installation of the block in the next direction. It will be easier to support the block at.

As described above, the retaining wall block according to the present invention comprises one or more projections provided on one side of the block and a geogrid receiving and supporting means comprising a hole or recess provided on the other side of the block opposite thereto. And a geogrid receiving and supporting means comprising a transverse groove formed in the upper surface of the block, the transverse slot provided in the rear wall of the block, the slot being in the body of the block in the cavity having a larger width dimension than the groove; By also providing a geogrid receiving and supporting means comprising grooves terminated in the construction, it is possible to effectively prevent the soil from falling down by fixing a large amount of soil during construction work, such as landfill or landscaping, and by adjusting the slope of the front wall to be functional In other words, it is effective to build retaining wall blocks practically and aesthetically.

Claims (5)

At least one projection on one surface of the block; Retaining wall block, characterized in that the geogrid receiving and supporting means formed by holes or recesses on the other side of the block facing the projections. The method of claim 1 wherein said protrusion is provided in the form of a separate element with an element body and one or more protrusions extending therefrom, said element body being mountable in a corresponding recess provided in the first side of the block. Retaining wall block. A retaining wall block according to claim 1, further comprising an interlocking device consisting of a tongue-shaped member provided on one end face of the block and a corresponding groove provided on the other end face. A retaining wall block according to claim 1, wherein the blocks are assembled in one direction, the geogrid material is placed in or on the geogrid receiving means, and the blocks in the other direction are placed on the blocks assembled in the above direction. 5. The method of claim 4, further comprising attaching a clip of increasing thickness along at least one edge of the geogrid material, the clip including an elongate member having a plurality of finger-shaped members extending flat at one edge thereof. And the elongated member of the clip is positioned over the edge of the grid, and the finger-shaped member of the two or more clips is bent around the edge of the geogrid.