KR19980013818A - File system and file configuration method for continuous media suitable for mass data processing - Google Patents

Abstract

A method for configuring a file for a continuous medium suitable for mass data processing includes formatting a disk area for a continuous medium in the order of a boot block, a super block, an inode block, an index block and a data block in order to increase the size of the index block and the data block And the access to the data block is performed in a single indirect designation through the index block, the system supports the maximum number of streams satisfying the real-time transmission request of the compressed multimedia data stream to the subscriber, So that it is possible to efficiently perform the storage and retrieval of the data.

Description

File system and file configuration method for continuous media suitable for mass data processing

FIG. 1 is a file format layout diagram of a file system according to the prior art; FIG.

FIG. 2 shows a search path of blocks in the inode list 6 for searching data block 8 during the first pass. FIG.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a data input / output structure in a file system according to the related art; FIG.

FIG. 4 is a file format layout diagram of a file system according to the present invention; FIG.

FIG. 5 illustrates the search path of the inode block 510 searching the data block 530 through the index block during the fourth time. FIG.

6 is an overall structural view of a continuous media file system according to the present invention;

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a file system for continuous media, such as a video-on-demand system, and more particularly to a file system for a continuous- To a file system for continuous media and a method for configuring the file.

In general, a file system for continuous media such as a video-on-demand system uses a disk as a recording medium and is known as a device for searching and reading the desired video information to a subscriber through a disk and transmitting the information through a network. It is urgently required to develop a file system for large capacity continuous media capable of performing real-time transmission to a larger number of subscribers by responding positively to the data search speed.

The conventional file system for continuous media has a file format as shown in FIG. 1, so that it needs to perform a search path as shown in FIG. 2, so that the search time and transmission process of data requested by the subscriber are complicated, There is a problem in that the system can not efficiently cope with a large amount of data as well as the service demand. Reference is made to the accompanying Figures 1, 2, and 3 to illustrate the above-mentioned reasons occurring in conventional systems. Referring to FIG. 1, which shows a file format layout of a file system according to the prior art, boot block 2 is located at the beginning of the file and typically occupies the first sector of the disk. The bootstrap code for booting or initializing the operating system of the file system is generally located within the boot block 2. The super block 4 located next to the boot block 2 is a block that shows how much the file system of the file system is, how many files can be stored, or state information that indicates which position in the file the free space is to be searched for. The inode list 6 shows a list of inodes made up of the public super block 4 and direct and indirect blocks in the file format. The data block 8 positioned next to the inode list 6 is a portion having actual file data and management data. The conventional system having the same file format as the first embodiment has the same search path as the second search. FIG. 2 shows the search path of the blocks in the inode list 6 for searching data block 8 in the first stage. In FIG. 2, the direct 0-9 blocks in the inode list 6 contain information indicating the disk block actually containing the data. Also, a single indirect block has indirect information indicating a block having a list of the numbers of the direct blocks. In order to find the data in the data block through the single indirect block, the contents of the indirect block 20 are read from the disk to find the disk block number of the direct block, and the block is directly accessed to find the desired data. The double indirect block has a pointer to the list of the indirect block numbers, and the triple indirect block has a pointer to the list of the double indirect block numbers. In order to find the data of the corresponding data block through the direct block, the path L1 must be passed through only once, but it must pass through the paths L1 and L2 through the single indirect block, and the paths L1, L2 and L3 The data can only be found in order. Therefore, in the conventional system, it is necessary to perform a number of accesses in order to find a data block in a disk that actually contains data. Therefore, there is a problem that the performance of the file system deteriorates due to the disadvantage that the search time of the data takes a long time. This problem is more clearly confirmed by referring to FIG. FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a data input / output structure in a file system according to the related art, and includes a user mode unit 310 and a kernel mode unit 320. The user mode unit 310 includes a user process 30 having an application unit A1 and a buffer B1, and a system call unit 31. The kernel mode unit 320 includes a protocol 33, a function call unit 34, a device driver 35, and buffers B2 and B3 have. The network interface 330 is connected to the kernel mode unit 320 via lines L1, L2 and L3, which are in turn an interrupt, a register access, and a direct memory access line. In the configuration of FIG. 3, the user process 30 can know through the memory copy line that it should perform two or more memory copy operations in order to transmit the video data requested by the subscriber to the network interface 330. As a result, these tasks are deteriorating the efficiency of the network and hence the performance of the system. Conventionally, a file system of an existing operating system is used in a continuous media service system such as a video-on-demand system. In this case, a file system is a block having a relatively small size, for example, 1-8 kilobytes, And managed the disk files. This is because the conventional file system is designed to be suitable for relatively small-capacity file management. Therefore, when such a system is directly applied to a large capacity continuous file service system having a file capacity of several tens of megabytes to several gigabytes, the time of file search is increased due to an excessive number of disk accesses. This is directly related to the problem of degrading the performance of the system.

As described above, due to the disadvantage that the search time of data is long,

There is a problem in that the performance of the file system is deteriorated and the data copying operation is accompanied during the transmission, which makes it difficult to transmit in real time.

Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a file system for a continuous medium and a method for configuring the file, which can shorten the time required for file search to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems.

It is another object of the present invention to provide a file system for a continuous medium suitable for large-capacity data processing and a method of configuring the file.

It is still another object of the present invention to provide a file system for a continuous medium capable of supporting a maximum number of streams while satisfying a real time transmission request of a compressed multimedia data stream to a subscriber.

It is still another object of the present invention to provide an on-demand video system and a method of configuring the file, which can improve the performance of the file system by shortening the search time of data and perform real-time transmission upon transmission.

According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for configuring a file for a continuous medium, the method comprising formatting a disk area in the order of a boot block, a super block, an inode block, an index block and a data block, The size of the block and the data block is appropriately extended to a large capacity so that the access of the data block is performed by the single indirect designation through the index block. According to a file system for a continuous medium suitable for large-capacity data processing, a network manager unit is connected to a plurality of subscribers to manage channel allocation and load, receives a continuous medium data desired by a subscriber, and transmits the continuous medium data to the network An application program that is connected to the network manager unit through an interface and transmits a control signal responding to a service request of the subscriber to the subscriber and applies a control signal for providing the desired continuous media data to the subscriber, And accessing the corresponding data block in the disc for the continuous media in a single indirect designation method using an index block in accordance with the control signal applied through the interface to provide the desired continuous media data to the network manager year Speed medium file system unit. According to the above-described method and system, it is possible to shorten the time required for file search and to perform real-time transmission. In addition, a file system for a continuous medium suitable for large-capacity data processing is provided.

Hereinafter, a file system for continuous media and a file configuration method according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. The same elements in the accompanying drawings are labeled with the same or similar reference numerals or names for the sake of convenience. In the following description, specific details are set forth, by way of example only, to provide a more thorough understanding of the present invention. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention may be practiced without these specific details. In addition, the basic structure and operation of the components of a file system for conventional continuous media well known in the art are not described in detail in order to avoid obscuring the gist of the present invention.

In the following description, a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 4 is a file format layout diagram of a file system according to the present invention. FIG. 5 shows a path through which the inode block 510 searches for data through an index block in order to search the data block 530 in the fourth step. FIG. 6 is an overall structure diagram of a continuous media file system according to the present invention. In order to reduce the number of accesses (accesses) to the disk and to minimize the time required for the search, the present invention proposes an apparatus and method as described in the fourth aspect of the present invention. The size of the data block in the disk is extended to 256 kilobytes. In order to reduce the time required for the memory copy in the user mode, the access to the data block is performed by the single indirect designation through the index block of FIG. In addition, the index block is prefetched to the main memory such as the open time slot of the file, thereby directly designating performance improvement.

Referring to FIG. 4, the disk area for a continuous medium is formatted in order of boot block 2, super block 4, inode block 510, index block 520, and data block 530, and the size of the index block 520 and the data block 530 Expanding to 256 kilobytes for large capacity and allowing access to the data block 530 to be performed through the index block 520 with a single indirect designation. Thus, the number of disk accesses is reduced, and the predictability of disk access time is increased by an extension of 256 kilobytes. In addition, the index data of the index block is prefetched when the file is opened, thereby achieving the same effect as the direct designation.

Referring to FIG. 5, it can be seen that access to the data block 530 is performed in a single indirect manner through the index block 520. According to the inode and index structure according to the fifth aspect, when the size of the index block and the data block is used as 256 kilobytes, the data block area of 16 gigabytes is covered by 64K block indexes per each index block. Accordingly, one inode 510 has a file size of up to 208 gigabytes through 13 indexes. Normally, this is sufficient considering that the size of the MPEG-2 movie file for 2 hours is about 5 gigabytes. Most of the files of the file system for continuous media have only one index block, and the contents of the index blocks of each file are cached by the main memory when the file is opened. In contrast, according to the present invention, It will be easy to see that it is a file structure for media.

It solves the problem of disk access frequency which is a problem of the existing disk operating system and the time required for copying data from memory to memory and satisfies the real time transmission of multimedia data which is a requirement of the continuous media request video requester, The structure of the file system for continuous media for simultaneous service is shown in FIG. 6, an application program 610 for receiving a request for a service from a multimedia service subscriber and informing the subscriber of the response, a stream API (API) unit 620 for managing an interface between the user mode and the Kellem mode application program, A stream control interface unit 630 provided in the KENNEL to control the KENEL mode in the user mode, and a control unit 630 for reading the continuous media data of the disk according to the request of the stream control interface unit, temporarily storing the data and transmitting the data to the network manager unit 670, A stream buffer 650, 651 for temporarily storing the stream data, a continuous medium disk 660 for storing the stream data of the continuous medium, Allocate channel and network A load distribution and management and consists of continuous media data to the network manager unit for performing a function of transmitting to the network 670 and to a network connection unit 680 of the various devices. In the system of FIG. 6, in order to maximize the performance of the system, the continuous media data of the disk is processed in the Kernel mode, read from the disk to the buffer, and transmitted directly to the network. That is, in the case of programming in the user mode, at least two repetitive copies must be made. In the present invention, the program is directly transmitted through the line L13. In order to continuously support a movie to a large number of subscribers, a file system must minimize a seek time. In the present invention, a disk data block is extended to 256 kilobytes in order to continuously store continuous media data and reduce the number of accesses to the disk. So that access to all the data blocks is made by a single indirect designation through the index block.

According to the file system for continuous media and the file system for continuous media as described above, it is possible to support the maximum number of streams while satisfying the real-time transmission request of the multimedia data stream, and to shorten the data search time, .

While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it is evident that many alternatives, modifications, and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. For example, the size of the index block and the data block may be further expanded or changed in accordance with a large capacity.

Claims (12)

A method of configuring a file for a continuous medium suitable for large-capacity data processing, the method comprising: A method for formatting a disk area for a continuous medium in the order of a boot block, a super block, an inode block, an index block and a data block in order to expand the size of the index block and the data block to a large capacity, And the index block is performed by a single indirect designation through the index block. The method according to claim 1, Wherein the size of the extended data block is about 256 kilobytes. 3. The method of claim 2, Wherein the index data in the index block is pre-fetched in an area of the main memory at the time of file open to guarantee direct designation performance. The method of claim 3, Wherein a size unit of the index block is equal to a size of the data block. 1. A file system for a continuous medium suitable for mass data processing; A network manager unit which is connected to a plurality of subscribers and manages channel assignment and load, receives a continuous medium data desired by a subscriber and transmits the data to the network, An application program unit connected to the network manager unit through a set interface and transmitting a control signal responsive to the service request of the subscriber to the subscriber and applying a control signal for providing the desired continuous media data to the subscriber; Wow, A continuous media file for accessing a corresponding data block in a disc for a continuous medium according to the control signal applied through the interface by a single indirect designation method using an index block and providing the desired continuous media data to the subscriber, And a system unit. 6. The method of claim 5, Wherein the area of the disk for continuous media is formatted in the order of a boot block, a super block, an inode block, an index block, and a data block. The method according to claim 6, Wherein the size of the extended data block is about 256 kilobytes. 8. The method of claim 7, Wherein the index data in the index block is prefetched to the area of the static memory at the time of file open to guarantee performance of direct designation. 9. The method of claim 8, Wherein the size unit of the index block is equal to the size of the data block, and has 64k block indexes per one index block. 6. The method of claim 5, Wherein the continuous media file system unit has a stream buffer for storing data temporarily therein. 6. The method of claim 5, Wherein the set interface comprises a stream control interface for performing a function for controlling the kernel mode in a user mode. 6. The method of claim 5, Wherein the application program unit further comprises a stream API that performs interfacing of a user mode and a kernel mode application program.