KR102672544B1 - Electric vehicle battery case internal pressure relief device - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a device for discharging internal pressure of an electric vehicle battery case. This includes a pressure sensing unit and a temperature sensing unit installed inside the battery case having a relief hole; A controller that receives pressure and temperature information from the pressure sensing unit and the temperature sensing unit; a discharge valve that is operated by a controller to open and close the relief hole; a fixed duct that guides air exhausted through the relief hole; an extension duct connected to the end of the fixed duct; a negative pressure induction duct connected to the extension duct and forming negative pressure; It includes a loudspeaker diffuser installed at the end of the negative pressure induction duct.
The electric vehicle battery case internal pressure discharge device of the present invention configured as described above operates automatically when the pressure and temperature inside the battery case are higher than the set value, thereby lowering the pressure and temperature inside the case to prevent explosion or fire. prevent. In addition, since the gas discharge path is provided with a negative pressure induction duct that generates negative pressure according to Bernoulli's principle, the discharge rate of the gas inside the case is very fast, and the decompression rate of the case pressure is rapid. In addition, in the normal state of the battery, the sealing of the case is stably maintained, so the penetration of external moisture or foreign substances is completely blocked.

Description

Electric vehicle battery case internal pressure relief device}

The present invention relates to a battery case for an electric vehicle, and more specifically, to an internal pressure discharge device for an electric vehicle battery case that automatically lowers the internal pressure and temperature of the case when the pressure and temperature inside the battery case rise.

Due to the need for high output and large capacity, batteries used in electric vehicles are used as so-called medium-to-large battery packs in which multiple battery cells are electrically connected. Medium- to large-sized battery packs contain multiple battery modules in a battery case and electrically connect them, and are equipped with various safety and safety measures to prevent ignition or explosion due to overcharge, overdischarge, overcurrent, heat generation, and chain side reactions during use. Equipped with a control device.

However, even if a control device is used, electrical failure can occur at any time due to external physical shock or vibration or internal problems. In other words, the pressure inside the battery case increases due to battery overload or swelling, which can cause fire or explosion.

As a background technology for this related invention, Domestic Patent Publication No. 10-1993145 (Battery Case for Electric Vehicle) has been disclosed.

The disclosed battery case includes a lower case having one or more first connection portions formed at the edges, accommodating a battery pack, and manufactured through a multi-stage press process; An upper case that is coupled to the upper part of the lower case, has a second connection part corresponding to the first connection part formed at the edge, and is manufactured through a multi-stage pressing process; It is formed on one side of the lower case or upper case, and a connection part for an external connector connected to the battery pack is formed on one side of the lower case or upper case. If the pressure inside the battery case for an electric vehicle is higher than the preset pressure, the inside of the battery case A pressure regulator that is detachably installed by pressure; The pressure control unit is detachably inserted into the pressure control hole and a pressure control hole formed through one side of the lower case or upper case, but is separated by the pressure inside the battery case when the pressure inside the battery case becomes higher than the preset pressure. A first stopper member; A protruding protrusion formed on one side of the lower case or upper case to accommodate the pressure adjustment hole, a second cap member coupled to the end of the first cap member and in close contact with the inner peripheral surface of the protruding protrusion, and an inner end of the first cap member. It is connected, the other end is connected to the inner surface of the lower case or the upper case, and is provided to retain an elastic force. After the first plug member is separated from the pressure control hole, the first plug member in the released state by the elastic force is exposed to pressure. It is provided with a separation prevention member that is provided to be reinserted into the adjustment hole.

Domestic Patent Publication No. 10-1993145 (Battery case for electric vehicle)

The present invention was created to solve the above problems. When the pressure and temperature inside the battery case are higher than the set value, it automatically operates to lower the pressure and temperature inside the case, and in the normal state of the battery, the case is stably sealed. The purpose is to provide a device for discharging the internal pressure of an electric vehicle battery case that maintains the pressure.

The electric vehicle battery case internal pressure discharge device of the present invention as a means of solving the problem for achieving the above object is installed inside a battery case that accommodates a battery pack for an electric vehicle and has a relief hole on one side, and discharges the pressure inside the battery case and A pressure sensing unit and a temperature sensing unit that detect temperature; a controller that receives pressure and temperature information from the pressure sensing unit and the temperature sensing unit and outputs a control signal; It is operated by a controller to open and close the relief hole, and is a ball housing with an internal passage that guides the air inside the battery case to the relief hole. It is a spherical member with a through hole and is rotatably built into the ball housing through rotational movement. A discharge valve including a blocking ball that opens and closes the internal passage and a motor that rotates the blocking ball; a fixed duct mounted on the outside of the battery case and guiding air exhausted through the relief hole; an extension duct connected to the end of the fixed duct and extending in the longitudinal direction, an extension duct connected to the guide pipe and having a flexible corrugated pipe; A negative pressure induction duct connected to the end of the corrugated pipe and passing external air and accelerating it to form negative pressure; A loudspeaker diffuser installed at the end of the negative pressure induction duct; It is installed in the fixed duct and includes a duct shutter that seals the fixed duct to block the inflow of foreign substances when the guide pipe is separated from the fixed duct.

Additionally, the negative pressure induction duct; It is mounted on the inside of the duct body, which extends in the longitudinal direction and has a plurality of through-type air holes on the outer periphery, and causes a pressure drop due to the venturi action while the air passes, allowing external air to flow into the duct body. It is provided with a venturi unit for suction.

And, on the downstream side of the venturi part; A center cone that takes the shape of a streamlined cone, a plurality of struts that maintain the center cone on the central axis of the duct body, a speaker built into the center cone that outputs sound to the loudspeaker diffuser, and a sound provider that provides sound to the speaker. The driver's seat of the vehicle is equipped with; A control switch is provided to turn the sound providing unit on and off.

In addition, the electric vehicle battery case internal pressure discharge device of the present invention as a means of solving the problem for achieving the above object is installed inside a battery case that accommodates a battery pack for an electric vehicle and has a relief hole on one side, and is installed inside the battery case. A pressure sensing unit and a temperature sensing unit that sense pressure and temperature; a controller that receives pressure and temperature information from the pressure sensing unit and the temperature sensing unit and outputs a control signal; It is operated by a controller to open and close the relief hole, and is a ball housing with an internal passage that guides the air inside the battery case to the relief hole. It is a spherical member with a through hole and is rotatably built into the ball housing through rotational movement. A discharge valve including a blocking ball that opens and closes the internal passage and a motor that rotates the blocking ball; a fixed duct mounted on the outside of the battery case and guiding air exhausted through the relief hole; an extension duct connected to the fixed duct and extending in the longitudinal direction; a diffuser installed at the end of the extension duct and diffusing the air passing through the extension duct; It is removably installed on the diffuser and blocks external foreign substances from entering the extension duct. It takes the shape of a ring and is a fixed ring mounted inside the diffuser. It is provided on the inside of the fixed ring and isolates the internal space of the diffuser from the outside. It includes an elastic shutter having an elastic barrier that can expand to the outside of the diffuser under the pressure of air discharged from the battery case.

The electric vehicle battery case internal pressure discharge device of the present invention configured as described above operates automatically when the pressure and temperature inside the battery case are higher than the set value, thereby lowering the pressure and temperature inside the case to prevent explosion or fire. prevent.

In addition, since the gas discharge path is provided with a negative pressure induction duct that generates negative pressure according to Bernoulli's principle, the discharge rate of the gas inside the case is very fast, and the decompression rate of the case pressure is rapid.

In addition, in the normal state of the battery, the sealing of the case is stably maintained, so the penetration of external moisture or foreign substances is completely blocked.

Figure 1 is a diagram showing an electric vehicle battery case internal pressure relief device according to an embodiment of the present invention mounted on an electric vehicle.
Figure 2 is a diagram for explaining the overall structure and operation method of an electric vehicle battery case internal pressure relief device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a view showing the fixed duct and the extension duct in FIG. 2 separated.
FIGS. 4A and 4B are diagrams showing the configuration and operation of the discharge valve of FIG. 2.
Figure 5 is an exploded perspective view separately illustrating the negative pressure induction duct of Figure 2.
Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view showing the internal structure of the negative pressure induction duct shown in Figure 5.
Figure 7 is a diagram for explaining a modified example of an electric vehicle battery case internal pressure discharge device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, one embodiment according to the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the attached drawings.

The electric vehicle battery case internal pressure discharge device of the present invention is for the safety of batteries installed in electric vehicles. For example, if the pressure inside the battery case exceeds the allowable limit or heat accumulates, the battery pack may explode. This is to prevent such accidents. To this end, the exhaust device of the present invention detects the pressure and temperature inside the battery case in real time, and when the pressure and temperature rise above the set value, it automatically opens the battery case and discharges the air inside the battery case into the atmosphere. .

Figure 1 is a diagram showing the electric vehicle battery case internal pressure discharge device 30 according to an embodiment of the present invention mounted on the electric vehicle 10. In addition, Figure 2 is a diagram for explaining the overall structure and operation method of the internal pressure discharge device. In addition, Figure 3 is a diagram showing the fixed duct and the extension duct in Figure 2 separated, and Figures 4A and 4B are diagrams showing the configuration and operation of the discharge valve in Figure 2. And, Figure 5 is an exploded perspective view separately showing the negative pressure induction duct 55 of Figure 2, and Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view showing the internal structure of the negative pressure induction duct shown in Figure 5.

As shown, the battery 20 is mounted on the body of the electric vehicle 10, and the internal pressure discharge device 30 of this embodiment is connected to the battery 20. As described above, the discharge device 30 serves to discharge the internal pressure and heat of the battery case 23.

The battery 20 accommodates the sealed battery case 23, battery pack 21, and attached electric devices (not shown), and supplies power to the motor for driving the electric vehicle 10. The battery case 23 is made of aluminum alloy and has a relief hole 23a on one side. The relief hole 23a is a hole through which heat and pressure inside the battery case 23 escape.

Meanwhile, the internal pressure discharge device 30 according to this embodiment includes a pressure sensor 27, a temperature sensor 25, a controller 37, a discharge valve 31, an extension duct 50, and a negative pressure induction duct. (55), a loudspeaker fuser (57), and a duct shutter (35).

The pressure sensor 27 and the temperature sensor 25 are installed inside the battery case 23 and are sensors that detect the pressure and temperature inside the battery case. The pressure and temperature information sensed by the pressure sensor 27 and the temperature sensor 25 are transmitted to the controller 37 in real time, allowing the controller 37 to perform appropriate control operations.

The discharge valve 31 is operated by the controller 37 to open and close the relief hole 23a. The relief hole (23a) is opened when the pressure or temperature inside the battery case (23) rises above the set value.

The discharge valve 31 includes a ball housing 31a, a blocking ball 31f, and a motor 31k. The ball housing 31a is a block-shaped member in the shape of a hexahedron, and is fixed to the lower part of the relief hole 23a. An internal passage (31c) is formed inside the ball housing (31a). The internal passage 31c is a passage that guides the air inside the battery case 23 to the relief hole 23a.

The blocking ball 31f is a spherical member with a constant diameter, has a through hole 31g, and is rotatable inside the ball housing 31a. The through hole 31g is a hole having the same inner diameter as the internal passage 31c. The blocking ball 31f serves to open or block the internal passage 31c. That is, as shown in FIG. 4A, when the through hole 31g is parallel to the internal passage 31c, the internal passage 31c is opened, and when the through hole 31g is perpendicular to the internal passage 31c, the internal passage 31c is blocked. It is done.

The rotation of the blocking ball 31f is performed by the motor 31k. The motor 31k receives a signal from the controller 37 and rotates the blocking ball 31f.

The fixed duct 33 is a hollow pipe with a certain diameter, and the lower end is coupled to the battery case 23. The fixed duct 33 guides air exhausted through the relief hole 23a to the extension duct 50. As long as it can play this role, the size or shape of the fixed duct 33 can vary.

A duct shutter 35 is installed in the fixed duct 33. The duct shutter 35 is operated by the controller 37 to open or block the fixed duct 33. As shown in FIG. 3, the fixed duct 33 blocks the fixed duct 33 when separating the fixed duct 33 and the extension duct 50 to prevent foreign substances from flowing into the fixed duct 33. prevent. Additionally, when the fixed duct 33 and the extension duct 50 are connected, the fixed duct 33 is opened.

A flange (33a) is formed at the end of the fixed duct (33). The flange (33a) corresponds to the flange (51a) of the guide pipe (51) and is a part that is coupled with bolting. The flange 33a is coupled to the sealing plate 34 when the guide pipe 51 is separated from the fixed duct 33. The sealing plate 34 is a disk that blocks the fixed duct 33.

On the other hand, the extension duct 50 has a guide pipe 51 and a corrugated pipe 53. The guide pipe 51 is a pipe connected to the end of the fixed duct and extending in the longitudinal direction. In addition, the corrugated pipe 53 is a flexible duct, and allows the direction of the sound pressure induction duct 55, that is, the direction toward which the loudspeaker diffuser 57 faces, to be freely adjusted.

The reason for applying the extension duct 50 is to direct heat or pressure discharged from the battery 20 as far as possible and discharge it to the rear of the electric vehicle 10. The fixed duct 33 and the extension duct 50 are mounted on the vehicle body through means such as brackets.

The negative pressure induction duct 55 is a porous pipe connected to the end of the corrugated pipe 53, and serves to form negative pressure according to Bernoulli's principle by sucking in and accelerating external air.

The negative pressure induction duct 55 has a duct body 55b in which a plurality of air holes 55c are formed, and a venturi portion 55f. The duct body 55b is a straight pipe with a constant diameter. The air hole 55c is a hole that guides air outside the duct body 55b into the inside of the duct body 55b. The shape or number of air holes 55c may vary.

The venturi portion 55f is mounted inside the duct body 55b, and serves to attract external air into the duct body by causing a pressure drop due to the venturi action while air passes through it. In this way, the reason for sucking in external air is to cool the speaker 59b, which will be described later. The air discharged when the battery 20 overheats is in a heated state, so if it is discharged as heated, the speaker 59b may be thermally damaged.

Additionally, a center cone 56a and a strut 56b are installed on the downstream side of the venturi portion 55f. The center cone 56a is a member that takes the shape of a streamlined cone, and allows air coming through the venturi portion 55f to pass through its surroundings. Additionally, the strut 56b is a support that holds the center cone 56a to the central axis of the duct body 55b.

A speaker 59b is mounted on the center cone 56a. The speaker 59b outputs a sound signal provided from the sound providing unit 59a. The sound providing unit 59a is mounted on the outside of the duct body 55b through a fixing bracket 58.

Additionally, the sound providing unit 59a is connected to the controller 37. As described above, the controller 37 receives temperature and pressure information inside the battery case 23 from the temperature sensing unit 25 and the pressure sensing unit 27, so the sound providing unit 59a ultimately When the temperature inside the battery case 23 overheats and the pressure increases, a sound source is provided to the speaker 59b under the control of the controller 37. The speaker 59b outputs a sound signal provided from the sound providing unit 59a.

The sound output from the speaker 59b expresses that the temperature and pressure inside the battery case 23 are rising. There are a variety of output sounds, for example, it can be signal music or recorded warning messages. The driver of the electric vehicle 10 can stop the operation of the battery 20 by listening to the sound from the speaker 59b.

Reference numeral 39 in FIG. 2 denotes a control switch. The control switch 39 is a switch that turns the sound providing unit on and off, and can be placed in the driver's seat. The driver can turn the sound providing unit 59a on and off through the control switch 39.

The loudspeaker diffuser 57 is a funnel-shaped member, and is detachably coupled to the extended end of the duct body 55b. For this purpose, a female thread portion (55e) is provided at the rear end of the duct body (55b), and a male thread portion (57a) is provided at the loudspeaker diffuser (57). The loudspeaker diffuser 57 is fixed by screwing the male thread portion 57a to the female thread portion 55e. The loudspeaker diffuser 57 serves to increase the sound output from the speaker 59b.

The operation of the battery case internal pressure discharge device of this embodiment having the above configuration is performed as follows.

When the battery overheats while driving the electric vehicle and the internal pressure or temperature of the battery case 23 increases, the controller 37 opens the discharge valve 31. As the discharge valve 31 is opened, the pressure and high temperature air inside the battery case 23 flows through the fixed duct 33, the extension duct 50, the negative pressure induction duct 55, and the loudspeaker diffuser 57. Exit. Accordingly, the internal temperature and pressure of the battery case 23 are lowered to the normal range. Additionally, the controller 37 drives the sound providing unit 59a to output the speaker 59b.

Figure 7 is a diagram for explaining a modified example of an electric vehicle battery case internal pressure discharge device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, the same reference numbers as the above reference numbers indicate the same members with the same function.

As shown, an extension duct 61 is connected to the end of the fixed duct 33, and a closed diffuser 62 is installed at the end of the extension duct 61. The extension duct 61 is a pipe that delivers air passing through the fixed duct 33 to the diffuser 62 and has a female thread portion 61a at the extension end. The female thread portion (61a) is screwed to the male thread portion (57a) of the diffuser (62).

An elastic shutter 63 is installed inside the diffuser 62. The elastic shutter 63 is removably installed on the diffuser 62 and serves to block external foreign substances from entering the extension duct. The elastic shutter 63 includes a fixing ring 63a and an expansion/contraction barrier film 63b.

The fixing ring (63a) is a ring-shaped member with a certain diameter and is screwed to the distal inner peripheral surface of the diffuser (62). Of course, the fixing ring (63a) can be separated from the diffuser (62). The elastic shutter (63) can be replaced.

The expansion/contraction barrier 63b blocks external foreign substances from entering the extension duct 61 through the diffuser 62, and is inflatable like a balloon in the direction of arrow P by the pressure of the air discharged from the battery case 23. It is absence. However, if the pressure of the air discharged from the battery case 23 is greater than the expansion capacity of the expandable barrier film 63b, the expandable barrier film 63b naturally ruptures, allowing heat and pressure to escape.

Above, the present invention has been described in detail through specific embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various modifications can be made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technical idea of the present invention.

10: Electric vehicle 20: Battery 21: Battery pack
23: Battery case 23a: Relief hole 25: Temperature sensing unit
27: Pressure sensing unit 30: Discharge device 31: Discharge valve
31a: Ball housing 31c: Internal passage 31f: Blocking ball
31g: Through hole 31k: Motor 33: Fixed duct
33a: Flange 34: Sealing plate 35: Duct shutter
37: Controller 39: Control switch 50: Extension duct
51: Induction pipe 51a: Flange 53: Corrugated pipe
55: negative pressure induction duct 55b: duct body 55c: air hole
55e: Female thread 55f: Venturi 56a: Center cone
56b: Strut 57: Loudspeaker diffuser 57a: Male thread part
58: Fixing bracket 59a: Sound providing unit 59b: Speaker
61: Extension duct 61a: Female thread 62: Diffuser
63: Elastic shutter 63a: Fixed ring 63b: Expandable barrier

Claims (4)

A pressure sensing unit and a temperature sensing unit installed inside a battery case that accommodates a battery pack for an electric vehicle and has a relief hole on one side, and detect the pressure and temperature inside the battery case;
a controller that receives pressure and temperature information from the pressure sensing unit and the temperature sensing unit and outputs a control signal;
It is operated by a controller to open and close the relief hole, and is a ball housing with an internal passage that guides the air inside the battery case to the relief hole. It is a spherical member with a through hole and is rotatably built into the ball housing through rotational movement. A discharge valve including a blocking ball that opens and closes the internal passage and a motor that rotates the blocking ball;
a fixed duct mounted on the outside of the battery case and guiding air exhausted through the relief hole;
an extension duct connected to the end of the fixed duct and extending in the longitudinal direction, an extension duct connected to the guide pipe and having a flexible corrugated pipe;
A negative pressure induction duct connected to the end of the corrugated pipe and passing external air and accelerating it to form negative pressure;
A loudspeaker diffuser installed at the end of the negative pressure induction duct;
A duct shutter installed in the fixed duct and sealing the fixed duct to block the inflow of foreign substances when separating the guide pipe from the fixed duct,
Electric vehicle battery case internal pressure release device. According to paragraph 1,
The negative pressure induction duct is;
A duct body extending in the longitudinal direction and having a plurality of through-type air holes on the outer periphery,
It is mounted inside the duct body and includes a venturi portion that causes a pressure drop due to the venturi action while air passes through and draws external air into the duct body,
Electric vehicle battery case internal pressure release device. According to paragraph 2,
On the downstream side of the venturi unit;
A center cone that takes the shape of a streamlined cone,
A plurality of struts that maintain the center cone on the central axis of the duct body,
A speaker built into the center cone and outputting sound to the loudspeaker diffuser,
A sound providing unit is provided that provides sound to the speaker,
In the driver's seat of the vehicle;
Equipped with a control switch to turn on and off the sound providing unit,
Electric vehicle battery case internal pressure relief device. A pressure sensing unit and a temperature sensing unit installed inside a battery case that accommodates a battery pack for an electric vehicle and has a relief hole on one side, and detect the pressure and temperature inside the battery case;
a controller that receives pressure and temperature information from the pressure sensing unit and the temperature sensing unit and outputs a control signal;
It is operated by a controller to open and close the relief hole, and is a ball housing with an internal passage that guides the air inside the battery case to the relief hole. It is a spherical member with a through hole and is rotatably built into the ball housing through rotational movement. A discharge valve including a blocking ball that opens and closes the internal passage and a motor that rotates the blocking ball;
a fixed duct mounted on the outside of the battery case and guiding air exhausted through the relief hole;
an extension duct connected to the fixed duct and extending in the longitudinal direction;
a diffuser installed at the end of the extension duct and diffusing the air passing through the extension duct;
It is removably installed on the diffuser and blocks external foreign substances from entering the extension duct. It takes the shape of a ring and is a fixed ring mounted inside the diffuser. It is provided on the inside of the fixed ring and isolates the internal space of the diffuser from the outside. Including an elastic shutter having an elastic barrier that can expand to the outside of the diffuser by the pressure of air discharged from the battery case in its state,
Electric vehicle battery case internal pressure relief device.

Images