KR102654635B1 - 배터리의 용량상태 결정방법 및 그를 이용한 용량감소 측정방법 - Google Patents
배터리의 용량상태 결정방법 및 그를 이용한 용량감소 측정방법 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
도 2는 본 발명에 따른 다수의 용량상태에서 온도변화에 따른 개방전압의 변화를 모니터링하여 배터리의 엔트로피를 구하는 방법을 간략하게 나타낸 도면이다.
도 3은 본 발명의 용량상태에 따른 엔트로피 변화곡선을 나타낸 도면이다.
도 4는 본 발명의 용량상태에 따른 엔탈피 변화곡선을 나타낸 도면이다.
도 5는 본 발명에 따른 배터리의 개방전압(OCV)-용량상태(SoC) 곡선 산출방법의 개략적인 방법을 도시한 도면이다.
도 6은 본 발명에 따른 배터리의 임의의 온도에서의 용량상태(SoC) 산출방법의 개략적인 방법을 도시한 도면이다.
도 7은 본 발명에 따른 배터리의 현재 용량 및 용량감소 측정방법의 개략적인 방법을 도시한 도면이다.
Claims (9)
- 배터리에서, 열역학적 방법으로 배터리의 엔트로피(△S) 곡선 및 엔탈피(△H) 곡선을 각각 용량상태(SoC)의 함수로 구하는 단계 (1); 및
상기 엔트로피(△S) 곡선과 상기 엔탈피(△H) 곡선을 사용하고 열역학 제2 법칙에 따라, 목표 온도(Ttarget)에서 용량상태(SoC)의 함수로 개방전압(OCV)을 계산하여 개방전압(OCV)-용량상태(SoC) 곡선을 얻는 단계(2);를 포함하고,
단계(1)이 정확성을 유지하기 위하여 규칙적으로 또는 정해진 시간에 다시 수행되어 상기 엔트로피(△S) 곡선과 상기 엔탈피(△H) 곡선이 업데이트되고,
상기 단계(2)에서 상기 개방전압(OCV)의 계산이 하기 식 1을 사용하여 수행되는 것인, 배터리의 개방전압(OCV)-용량상태(SoC) 곡선 산출방법.
[식 1]
식 1에서
Ttarget은 목표 온도이고
△SSoC는 소정의 용량상태 SoC에서의 엔트로피 값이고,
△HSoC는 소정의 용량상태 SoC에서의 엔탈피 값이고,
OCVSoC는 소정의 용량상태 SoC에서의 개방전압이고,
n은 전자의 몰수이고,
F는 패러데이 상수이다. - 삭제
- 삭제
- 배터리에서, 열역학적 방법으로 상기 배터리의 엔트로피(△S) 곡선 및 엔탈피(△H) 곡선을 각각 용량상태(SoC)의 함수로 구하는 단계 (a);
임의 측정 온도(Tarb)에서 배터리의 개방전압(OCVTarb)을 측정하는 단계 (b);
측정된 상기 임의 측정 온도(Tarb)와 상기 개방전압(OCVTarb)에 대해 단계 (a)의 상기 엔트로피(△S) 곡선 및 상기 엔탈피(△H) 곡선으로부터 열역학 제2법칙을 만족하는 엔트로피(△STarb)와 엔탈피(△HTarb)의 쌍을 구하는 단계 (c); 및
상기 엔트로피(△STarb)와 엔탈피(△HTarb)의 쌍에 대해 상기 엔트로피(△S) 곡선 및 상기 엔탈피(△H) 곡선으로부터 측정된 개방전압(OCVTarb)에 상응하는 용량상태(SoCTarb)를 구하는 단계(d);를 포함하고,
단계(a)가 정확성을 유지하기 위하여 규칙적으로 또는 정해진 시간에 다시 수행되어 상기 엔트로피(△S) 곡선과 상기 엔탈피(△H) 곡선이 업데이트되고,
단계(c) 또는 (d)에서 상기 엔트로피(△S)와 상기 엔탈피(△H) 값을 정함에 보간법(interpolation)에 의해 수행되고,
단계(c) 또는 (d)가 엘링함 접근 영역(Ellingham approximation region)에서 수행되는 것인, 용량상태(SoC) 산출방법. - 삭제
- 삭제
- 제4항에 있어서,
상기 단계(c)에서 상기 엔트로피(△STarb)와 엔탈피(△HTarb)를 구하는 것이 하기 식 2를 사용하여 수행되는 것을 특징으로 하는 하는 용량상태(SoC) 산출방법.
[식 2]
식 2에서,
Tarb은 임의 측정 온도이고,
△STarb는 해당 개방전압(OCVTarb)에 상응하는 용량상태(SoCTarb) 값에서의 엔트로피이고,
△HTarb는 해당 개방전압(OCV)에 상응하는 용량상태(SoC) 값에서의 엔탈피이고,
OCVTarb는 임의 측정 온도(Tarb)에서 측정된 개방전압이고,
n은 전자의 몰수이고,
F는 패러데이 상수이다. - 기준온도(Tref)에서 배터리의 개방전압(OCVTref)을 용량상태(SoCTref)의 함수로 구하는 단계 (가);
배터리에서, 임의의 용량상태(SoC)에서, 상기 배터리의 초기개방전압(OCVinit)과 초기온도(Tinit)를 측정하는 단계(나);
상기 배터리를 전류(IBatt)로 일정시간(△t) 동안 충전 또는 방전하고, IBatt 으로 충전 또는 방전한 전류를 적분하여 전하량 변화(△Q)를 계산하는 단계(다);
상기 일정시간 (△t) 후에, 말기개방전압(OCVfin)과 말기온도(Tfin)를 측정하는 단계(라);
배터리의 개방전압(OCV)-용량상태(SoC) 곡선 산출방법 및/또는 용량상태(SoC) 산출방법을 사용하여, 상기 초기개방전압(OCVinit)과 상기 말기개방전압(OCVfin)에 각각 상응하는 기준 온도(Tref)에서의 초기개방전압(OCVinit_Tref)과 말기개방전압(OCVfin_Tref)을 결정하는 단계(마);
상기 초기개방전압(OCVinit_Tref)과 상기 말기개방전압(OCVfin_Tref)으로부터 기준 온도(Tref)에서의 초기용량상태(SoCinit_Tref)와 말기용량상태(SoCfin_Tref)를 구하는 단계(바);
상기 초기용량상태(SoCinit_Tref)와 상기 말기용량상태(SoCfin_Tref)의 차이를 계산하여 기준 온도(Tref)에서의 용량상태변화(△SoCTref)를 수득하는 단계(사); 및
상기 전하량변화(△Q)를 상기 용량상태변화(△SoCTref)로 나눈값에 100을 곱하여 현재용량(Ccurrent)을 구하는 단계(아);를 포함하고,
상기 배터리의 개방전압(OCV)-용량상태(SoC) 곡선 산출방법은,
배터리에서, 열역학적 방법으로 배터리의 엔트로피(△S) 곡선 및 엔탈피(△H) 곡선을 각각 용량상태(SoC)의 함수로 구하는 단계 (1); 및
상기 엔트로피(△S) 곡선과 상기 엔탈피(△H) 곡선을 사용하고 열역학 제2 법칙에 따라, 목표 온도(Ttarget)에서 용량상태(SoC)의 함수로 개방전압(OCV)을 계산하여 개방전압(OCV)-용량상태(SoC) 곡선을 얻는 단계(2);를 포함하고,
상기 용량상태(SoC) 산출방법은,
배터리에서, 열역학적 방법으로 상기 배터리의 엔트로피(△S) 곡선 및 엔탈피(△H) 곡선을 각각 용량상태(SoC)의 함수로 구하는 단계 (a);
임의 측정 온도(Tarb)에서 배터리의 개방전압(OCVTarb)을 측정하는 단계(b);
측정된 상기 임의 측정 온도(Tarb)와 상기 개방전압(OCVTarb)에 대해 단계 (a)의 상기 엔트로피(△S) 곡선 및 상기 엔탈피(△H) 곡선으로부터 열역학 제2법칙을 만족하는 엔트로피(△STarb)와 엔탈피(△HTarb)의 쌍을 구하는 단계 (c); 및
상기 엔트로피(△STarb)와 엔탈피(△HTarb)의 쌍에 대해 상기 엔트로피(△S) 곡선 및 상기 엔탈피(△H) 곡선으로부터 측정된 개방전압(OCVTarb)에 상응하는 용량상태(SoCTarb)를 구하는 단계(d); 를 포함하는 것인, 배터리의 현재용량 측정방법. - 제8항에 따른 현재용량 측정방법; 및
당초용량(Coriginal)과 상기 현재용량(Ccurrent)으로부터 용량감소(Closs)를 구하는 단계(자);를
포함하는 배터리의 용량감소 측정방법.
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