KR102647389B1 - Multi-polarized waveguide horn array antenna that can transmit and receive multiple linear and circular polarizations - Google Patents

Abstract

The multi-polarized waveguide horn array antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a single horn antenna (10) arranged for each natural number in the XY coordinates consisting of 16 columns in the X-axis direction and 8 rows in the Y-axis direction; and a power distribution line (30) that provides power to each single horn antenna (10); Including,
The single horn antenna 10 is configured with a septum polarizer 16 to separate vertical polarization and horizontal polarization, and has a first septum polarizer 16a at the leading edge of the power distribution line 30. is further connected, and the septum polarizer 16 and the first septum polarizer 16a are connected in opposite directions in phase.

Description

{Multi-polarized waveguide horn array antenna that can transmit and receive multiple linear and circular polarizations}

The present invention relates to a multi-polarization waveguide horn array antenna that enables satellite communication generating multiple polarization waves.

When designing a satellite communications antenna, consider broadband, low height, and polarization. The frequency bands used in satellite communications are 10.7GHz to 12.75GHz for reception and 14GHz to 14.5GHz for transmission. Therefore, for satellite communication, at least 17.9% of the bandwidth must be considered for satellite communication reception.

In general, micro strip patch antennas can be miniaturized, but have a narrow bandwidth problem.

To improve the narrowband problem of microstrip patch antennas, single horn antennas are being studied. However, although single horn antennas can improve narrow bandwidth, there is a problem in that they are not suitable for multiple array methods.

On the one hand, horn antennas are known for their broadband characteristics and high gain, and may be suitable for use as satellite communication antennas.

Satellite communication frequency 10.7GHz to 12.75GHz bandwidth is greatly affected by the weather. For example, when it rains or is cloudy, satellite communication signals are greatly weakened, making smooth transmission and reception difficult on the ground. High-gain antennas are needed to solve this problem.

Because satellite communication frequency bands are used all over the world, signal interference may occur and communication may be disrupted.

To solve these problems, each country uses different biases. For example, countries A and B use the same band, but country A uses vertical polarization and country B uses horizontal polarization, thereby avoiding signal interference and interference.

Considering this, in order to use the same antenna all over the world, one antenna must be able to transmit and receive all horizontal polarization, vertical polarization, left-handed circular polarization, and right-handed circular polarization.

However, most horn antennas have a problem in that they can only transmit and receive a single polarized wave, or they can only transmit and receive two polarized waves, such as vertical polarization and horizontal polarization, or left-handed circular polarization and right-handed circular polarization.

KR 10-0918954 B1 KR 10-1547452 B1

The present invention is to solve the above problems, and the purpose of the present invention is to provide a multi-polarization waveguide horn array antenna that can transmit and receive all horizontal polarization, vertical polarization, left-handed circular polarization, and right-handed circular polarization. There is something.

The multi-polarized waveguide horn array antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention for achieving the above technical problem is a single horn antenna arranged for each natural number in the X-Y coordinates consisting of 16 columns in the X-axis direction and 8 rows in the Y-axis direction. (10); and a power distribution line (30) that provides power to each single horn antenna (10); Including,

The single horn antenna 10 is configured with a septum polarizer 16 to separate vertical polarization and horizontal polarization, and has a first septum polarizer 16a at the leading edge of the power distribution line 30. is further connected,

The septum polarizer 16 and the first septum polarizer 16a are connected in opposite directions in phase.

In addition, the multi-polarized waveguide horn array antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention is installed on the single horn antenna 10 so that the first septum polarizer 16a is in an attitude opposite to the phase of the septum polarizer 16. can be formed.

In addition, in the multi-polarized waveguide horn array antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention, the power distribution line 30 has a first terminal type (T1) in which the second power distribution line 42 is connected to the third power distribution line 43. ), the third power distribution line 43 is connected to the fourth power distribution line 44 in a second terminal type (T2), and the fourth power distribution line 44 is connected to the fifth power distribution line It is connected to (45) as a third terminal type (T3),

The first terminal type (T1) is output by distributing the second power (P2) and the third power (P3) in the same ratio when the first power (P1) is input, and the second terminal type (T2) is When the second power (P2) is input, the output is distributed in a greater proportion to the fifth power (P5) among the fourth power (P4) and the fifth power (P5), and when the third power (P3) is input, the Among the 6th power (P4) and the 7th power (P7), the output is distributed in a larger ratio to the 7th power (P7),

In the third terminal type (T3), when the fourth power (P4) is input, the output is distributed in a larger proportion to the ninth power (P9) among the eighth power (P8) and the ninth power (P9). When the fifth power (P5) is input, the output is distributed in a larger proportion to the 11th power (P11) among the 10th power (P10) and the 11th power (P11), and when the 6th power (P6) is input, the output is distributed to the 11th power (P11). Among the 8th power (P8) and the 9th power (P9), the output is distributed in a larger proportion to the 9th power (P9), and when the 7th power (P7) is input, the 10th power (P10) and the 11th power (P10) are output. Among P11), it may be output by distributing it at a larger ratio to the 11th power (P11).

In addition, the multi-polarized waveguide horn array antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention sets 8.5 rows and 4.5 columns among X-Y coordinates as the center coordinates, and the fourth power (P4) and the fifth power (P5) are The 4th power (P4) is disposed on a side far from the center coordinate, the 5th power (P5) is disposed on a side close to the center coordinate, and among the 6th power (P6) and the 7th power (P7), the The 6th power (P6) is disposed on the far side from the center coordinate, the 7th power (P7) is disposed on the side close to the center coordinate, and among the 8th power (P8) and the 9th power (P9), the The 8th power (P8) is located far from the center coordinate, the 9th power (P9) is located near the center coordinate, and among the 10th power (P10) and the 11th power (P11), the 10th power (P11) P10) may be placed far from the center coordinates, and the 11th power P11 may be placed close to the center coordinates.

Specific details of other embodiments are included in the detailed description and drawings.

The multi-polarized waveguide horn array antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention is effective in transmitting and receiving all horizontal polarization, vertical polarization, left-handed circular polarization, and right-handed circular polarization with high gain.

Figure 1(a) shows a single septum polarizer, and Figure 1(b) shows a single septum polarizer waveguide.
Figure 2(a) is a front view of a single septum polarizer waveguide, and Figure 2(b) is a cross-sectional view of a single septum polarizer waveguide.
Figure 3 is an equivalent circuit diagram of a septum polarizer.
Figure 4 (a) represents a double septum polarizer waveguide, Figure 4 (b) is a side view of the double septum polarizer waveguide, Figure 4 (c) and Figure 4 (d) are ( The polarization is expressed for each cross section of the double septum polarizer waveguide shown in b).
Figure 5(a) is a front view of the septum polarizer waveguide shown in Figure 4(a), and Figure 5(b) is a cross-sectional view of the septum polarizer waveguide shown in Figure 4(a).
Figures 6a to 6d show the electric field according to the change in phase at a frequency of 11.725 GHz.
Figures 7a to 7d show simulation results of a single horn antenna, where Figure 7a is the voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR), Figure 7b is the peak gain, and Figure 7c is the axis ratio ( axial ratio), and Figure 7d shows the cross-polarization separation (XPD).
Figure 8 shows a superstraight, Figure 8(a) is a top view of a single horn antenna, Figure 8(b) is a superstraight analysis setup, and Figure 8(c) is a single horn with a superstraight. A dual circular polarization mode is shown in the antenna, and Figure 8 (d) shows a dual linear polarization mode in a single horn antenna with a superstraight.
Figures 9a and 9b show simulation results of a horn antenna with a superstraight.
Figure 10 shows the peak gain by simulating a single horn antenna.
FIG. 11 shows an example of a power distribution line in a multi-polarization waveguide horn array antenna, where (a) of FIG. 11 is a perspective view and (b) of FIG. 11 is a plan view.
Figure 12 is a perspective view and a top view showing examples of each terminal type (T1, T2, T3) in the power distribution line of the multi-polarization waveguide horn array antenna.
Figure 13a shows the reflection coefficient (S parameter) of each terminal type (T1, T2, T3).
Figure 13b shows the power distribution ratio for each terminal type (T1, T2, T3).
Figure 14 shows the overall configuration of a multi-polarized waveguide horn array antenna, which implements a dual circular polarization mode and has no FSS superstraight.
Figure 15a shows the overall configuration of a multi-polarization waveguide horn array antenna, which implements a dual linear polarization mode and has no FSS superstraight.
Figure 15b shows the overall configuration of a multi-polarization waveguide horn array antenna, which implements a dual linear polarization mode and has an FSS superstraight.
Figure 16a shows the VSWR value of the multi-polarization waveguide horn array antenna in the absence of the FSS superstraight, and Figure 16b shows the VSWR value of the multi-polarization waveguide horn array antenna in the presence of the FSS superstraight.
Figure 17 shows the peak gain of a multi-polarized waveguide horn array antenna.
Figures 18a and 18b show the axial ratio of the multi-polarized waveguide horn array antenna.
Figures 19a to 19d show the radiation pattern measured at 11.725 GHz of the multi-polarized waveguide horn array antenna.
Figures 20a to 20d visualize the electric field distribution according to phase change at a frequency of 11.725 GHz in a multi-polarized waveguide horn array antenna.

The advantages and features of the present invention and methods for achieving them will become clear by referring to the embodiments described in detail below along with the accompanying drawings.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the attached drawings. The embodiments described below are shown as examples to aid understanding of the present invention, and it should be understood that the present invention can be implemented with various modifications different from the embodiments described herein. However, when it is judged that detailed descriptions of related known functions or components may unnecessarily obscure the gist of the present invention while explaining the present invention, the detailed descriptions and specific illustrations are omitted. Additionally, in order to facilitate understanding of the invention, the attached drawings are not drawn to scale but may show exaggerated sizes of some components.

Meanwhile, terms such as first and second may be used to describe various components, but the components should not be limited by the terms. The above terms are used only for the purpose of distinguishing one component from another. For example, a first component may be named a second component, and similarly, the second component may also be named a first component without departing from the scope of the present invention.

On the other hand, the terms described below are terms established in consideration of functions in the present invention, and may vary depending on the intention or custom of the producer, so their definitions should be made based on the content throughout the specification.

Like reference numerals refer to like elements throughout the specification.

First, the antenna structure and design for satellite communication will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3. 1 to 3 show a single horn antenna with dual circular polarization. Figure 1(a) shows a septum polarizer, and Figure 1(b) shows a septum polarizer waveguide. Figure 2(a) is a front view of the septum polarizer waveguide, and Figure 2(b) is a cross-sectional view of the septum polarizer waveguide. Figure 3 is an equivalent circuit diagram of a septum polarizer.

Waveguides 12 and 14 are formed inside the single horn antenna 10, and the opening surfaces of the waveguides 12 and 14 are expanded like a trumpet.

Figure 1(a) shows the external shape of the single horn antenna 10, and Figure 1(b), Figures 2, 4, and 5 show the shape of the single horn antenna 10 by inverting the waveguide 12, 14) is visualized so that it can be easily understood.

The opening surfaces are angled at different angles for high gain, as shown in Figure 2.

As shown in Figure 1 (a), the septum polarizer 16 is located within the circular waveguide just in front of the opening surface of the horn antenna. Additionally, as shown in (b) of FIG. 2, it may be configured in a step shape.

In addition, each depth (sl1 to sl4) and height (sh1 to sh4) of the step shape of the septum polarizer (16) can be configured differently.

The septum polarizer (16) is a cross converter that separates vertical and horizontal polarization.

When power is applied to port 1, the septum polarizer 16 generates left-handed circular polarization, and when power is applied to port 2, right-handed circular polarization is generated.

In Figure 3, in the equivalent circuit, a _n and b _n represent the incident wave and reflected wave at port n. The septum polarizer can be analyzed in even and odd modes.

In the even mode, a ₁ and a ₂ are '1', a ₃ and a ₄ are '0', and the electric and magnetic fields proceed in the same direction in the waveguide.

However, the directions in which current flows in face 1 and face 2 of the septum polarizer are opposite.

Therefore, in even mode, the shape of the septum polarizer is not greatly affected, and all energy is perfectly transferred to TE10 mode.

In odd mode, a ₁ is '1', a ₂ is '-1', a ₃ and a ₄ are '0', and unlike the even mode, the current flows in different directions on face 1 and face 2. It flows.

Therefore, the electric and magnetic fields interfere with or interfere with each other and affect the TE01 mode.

Therefore, some of the energy of the TE01 mode is reflected, and the TE01 mode affects the shape of the septum polarizer.

When power is given to port 1 or port 2, the relationship between b1, b2, b3, and b4 is defined according to Equation 1 to Equation 3.

In equations 1 to 3, Γ is the reflection coefficient, b ₁ is the energy reflected at port 1, b ₂ is the energy combined with port 2 without power, and b ₃ and b ₄ are the axial ratio ratio).

Hereinafter, a multi-polarized waveguide horn array antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 to 7. Figure 4(a) is a representation of the septum polarizer waveguide, Figure 4(b) is a side view of the septum polarizer waveguide, Figure 4(c) and Figure 4(d) are Figure 4(b) The polarization is expressed for each cross section of the septum polarizer waveguide shown in . Figure 5(a) is a front view of the septum polarizer waveguide shown in Figure 4(a), and Figure 5(b) is a cross-sectional view of the septum polarizer waveguide shown in Figure 4(a). Figure 6 shows the electric field at 11.725 GHz according to the change in phase. Figures 7a to 7d show simulation results of a single horn antenna, where Figure 7a is the voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR), Figure 7b is the peak gain, and Figure 7c is the axis ratio ( axial ratio), and Figure 7d shows the cross-polarization separation (XPD).

By connecting two septum polarizers (16), vertical/horizontal polarization can be created.

Figure 4 shows differently connected septum polarizers for vertical polarization and horizontal polarization. Figure 5 shows the configuration of a horn antenna for dual linear polarization.

As shown in Figure 4 (a), Figure 4 (b), Figure 5 (a) and Figure 5 (b), each of the two septum polarizers is connected in opposite directions and is connected to port 1 (TE10) ), horizontal polarized waves appear, and when power is applied to port 2 (TE01), vertical polarized waves appear.

The single horn antenna has dual circular polarization, and a septum polarizer 16 is connected to the end of the single horn antenna, and the two septum polarizers 16 are connected in opposite directions.

The single horn antenna 10 of the multi-polarized waveguide horn array antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention outputs horizontal polarization when power is applied in TE10 mode, and vertical polarization is output when power is applied in TE01 mode.

Figures 6a to 6d visualize the electric field whose phase changes from 0° to 360° at 11.725GHz, showing 4 cuts in 90° units.

Figure 6a shows that in the case of circular polarization, when power is incident on port 1, the electric field takes the form of preferential circular polarization according to the change in phase.

Figure 6b shows that in the case of circular polarization, when power is incident on port 2, the electric field takes the form of left-handed circular polarization according to the change in phase.

Figure 6c shows that in the case of dual linear polarization, when TE10 mode is incident, the electric field takes the form of horizontal polarization according to the change in phase.

Figure 6d shows that in the case of dual linear polarization, when TE01 mode is incident, the electric field takes the form of vertical polarization according to the change in phase.

Cross-polarization separation is an important measure in mobile communications. This cross-polarization separation degree can be defined as equation (4).

XPD is cross-polarization separation, Co Pol is Co polarization, and Cross Pol is Cross polarization. Cross-polarization isolation is calculated by subtracting the Cross Pol (dB) value from the Co Pol (dB) value.

Figures 7a to 7d show simulation results of a single horn antenna, where Figure 7a is the voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR), Figure 7b is the peak gain, and Figure 7c is the axis ratio ( axial ratio), and Figure 7d shows the cross-polarization separation (XPD).

Referring to Figure 7d, it can be seen that cross-polarization separation is high when vertical polarization (XPD VP) or horizontal polarization (XPD HP) is used.

Right-handed circular polarization (XPD RHCP) and left-handed circular polarization (XPD LHCP) show good cross-polarization separation, but the cross-polarization separation is lower than vertical polarization (XPD VP) or horizontal polarization (XPD HP).

On the other hand, there is a method that uses a reflector to increase the gain of the antenna. However, the reflector takes up a lot of space in the antenna configuration, which has the problem of increasing the overall size of the antenna.

On the other hand, as a method to increase the gain of the antenna, a method of using a frequency selective surface (FSS) or a metasurface as a superstrate (cover) is being studied.

However, the method of using FSS or the method of using a metasurface as a superstraight has not been applied to the horn antenna field.

In most cases, space is essential between the antenna and the superstraight, and the size of the antenna increases as the space increases. Therefore, in order to connect the antenna directly to the radiator, the overall height of the antenna must be reduced.

Details regarding the superstraight with a horn antenna will be described with reference to FIG. 8.

Figure 8 shows the superstraight 20. Figure 8(a) is a plan view of a single horn antenna, and Figure 8(b) is for analyzing the superstraight 20 of the frequency selective surface (FSS). An example of the setup is shown, and Figure 8(c) shows a dual circular polarization mode in a single horn antenna 10 with a superstraight 20, and Figure 8(d) shows a dual circular polarization mode in a single horn antenna 10 with a superstraight 20. A dual linear polarization mode was demonstrated in a single horn antenna.

The superstraight 20 is added to improve the gain of the single horn antenna and is formed to be very thin.

Frequency selective surface (FSS) was analyzed using the Nicolson-Ross-Weir (NRW) method. FSS was proposed to increase the gain of the antenna, and by applying it directly to the antenna, the external size can be minimized compared to conventionally known methods.

The reflection coefficient and permittivity of FSS can be obtained using Equations 5 to 8.

S ₁₁ is the reflection coefficient, S ₂₁ is the transmission coefficient, ω is the 2π frequency, ω _c is the 2π cutoff frequency, ε is the permittivity, μ is the transmittance, c is the speed of light, and d is the substrate thickness. .

In (a) of Figure 8, cw was set to 3 mm and cl was set to 48 mm to simulate parameters for the frequency band, and the simulator results are shown in Figures 9a and 9b.

Looking at Figures 9A and 9B, it can be seen that it shows a similar structure to the frequency selective structure, and that the gain of the antenna increases in all polarizations.

In (a) of Figure 8, cw is set to 1 mm and cl is set to 35 mm to simulate the peak gain of a single horn antenna with or without a superstraight, and the simulator results are shown in Figure 10.

Side lobe level must be considered essential when designing a multipolarized waveguide horn array antenna. The multi-polarization waveguide horn array antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention minimizes the sidelobe level by designing non-equal power distribution lines 30.

FIG. 11 shows an example of the power distribution line 30 in a multi-polarized waveguide horn array antenna, where (a) of FIG. 11 is a perspective view and (b) of FIG. 11 is a plan view.

The multi-polarized waveguide horn array antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention has single horn antennas arranged in 16 horizontal lines and 8 vertical lines, and a power distribution line (30) as shown in FIG. 11 to supply power to the single horn antenna. ) can be configured.

The power distribution line 30 of the multi-polarized waveguide horn array antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention is described by expressing it in X-Y coordinates as shown in (b) of FIG. 11. More specifically, the On the other hand, the distance between X-axis 8 and X-axis 9 can be expressed as X-axis 8.5, and similarly, the distance between Y-axis 4 and Y-axis 5 can be expressed as Y-axis 4.5. Here, the coordinate value of 0.5 does not strictly mean the midpoint, but can be understood as a value in the middle between natural numbers and natural numbers.

On the other hand, a single horn antenna 10 is disposed at each coordinate composed of natural numbers of X-Y coordinates. For example, a single horn antenna 10 is placed at four central X-Y coordinates (8, 4), (8, 5), (9, 4), and (9, 5). A single horn antenna 10 is connected to the connection portion 32 of the power distribution line 30.

The first power distribution line 41 is arranged from X-Y coordinates (8.5, 4.5) to X-Y coordinates (8.5, 8).

The second power distribution line 42 is arranged from X-Y coordinates (4.5, 4.5) to X-Y coordinates (12.5, 4.5).

The third power distribution line 43 is arranged from X-Y coordinates (4.5, 2.5) to X-Y coordinates (4.5, 6.5) and from X-Y coordinates (12.5, 2.5) to X-Y coordinates (12.5, 6.5).

The fourth power distribution line 44 extends from the X-Y coordinates (2.5, 2.5) to the X-Y coordinates (6.5, 2.5), from the X-Y coordinates (10.5, 2.5) to the It is placed from X-Y coordinates (6.5, 6.5) and from X-Y coordinates (10.5, 6.5) to X-Y coordinates (14.5, 6.5).

The fifth power distribution line 45 extends from the X-Y coordinates (2.5, 1.5) to the X-Y coordinates (2.5, 3.5), from the X-Y coordinates (6.5, 1.5) to the to X-Y coordinate (10.5, 3.5), from X-Y coordinate (14.5, 1.5) to X-Y coordinate (14.5, 3.5), from ) to the X-Y coordinates (6.5, 7.5), from the X-Y coordinates (10.5, 5.5) to the X-Y coordinates (10.5, 7.5), and from the

The sixth power distribution line 46 extends from the X-Y coordinates (1.5, 1.5) to the X-Y coordinates (3.5, 1.5), from the X-Y coordinates (5.5, 1.5) to the to X-Y coordinate (11.5, 1.5), from X-Y coordinate (13.5, 1.5) to X-Y coordinate (15.5, 1.5), from ) to X-Y coordinates (7.5, 3.5), from X-Y coordinates (9.5, 3.5) to X-Y coordinates (11.5, 3.5), from 5.5) to X-Y coordinates (3.5, 5.5), from X-Y coordinates (5.5, 5.5) to X-Y coordinates (7.5, 5.5), from , 5.5) to X-Y coordinates (15.5, 5.5), from X-Y coordinates (1.5, 7.5) to X-Y coordinates (3.5, 7.5), from 9.5, 7.5) to X-Y coordinates (11.5, 7.5), and from X-Y coordinates (13.5, 7.5) to X-Y coordinates (15.5, 7.5).

The first power distribution line 41 and the second power distribution line 42 are connected in a first terminal type (T1).

Additionally, the second power distribution line 42 and the third power distribution line 43 are connected in a first terminal type (T1).

The third power distribution line 43 and the fourth power distribution line 44 are connected in a second terminal type (T2).

The fourth power distribution line 44 and the fifth power distribution line 45 are connected in a third terminal type (T3).

Additionally, the fifth power distribution line 45 and the sixth power distribution line 46 are connected in a fourth terminal type (T4).

Figure 12 is a perspective view and a plan view showing an example of the first to fourth terminal types (T1, T2, T3, T4) in the power distribution line of the multi-polarization waveguide horn array antenna.

In the first terminal type (T1), when the first power (P1) is input, the second power (P2) and the third power (P3) are distributed and output in a 1:1 ratio.

In the second terminal type (T2), when the second power (P2) is input, the fourth power (P4) and the fifth power (P5) are distributed and output in a 1:9 ratio.

In addition, in the second terminal type (T2), when the third power (P3) is input, the sixth power (P4) and the seventh power (P7) are distributed and output at a 1:9 ratio.

Here, since the second power (P2) and the third power (P3) have the same size, the fourth power (P4) and the sixth power (P6) have the same size, and the fifth power (P5) and the seventh power ( P7) are the same size.

On the other hand, in the second terminal type (T2), based on the X-Y coordinates (8.5, 4.5), the fourth power (P4) is located away from the It is placed close to the coordinates (8.5, 4.5).

In addition, in the second terminal format (T2), the sixth power (P6) is located far away from the X-Y coordinates (8.5, 4.5), and the seventh power (P7) is located at the It is placed close to (8.5, 4.5).

In the third terminal type (T3), when the fourth power (P4) or the sixth power (P6) is input, the eighth power (P8) and the ninth power (P9) are distributed and output in a 3:7 ratio.

Additionally, in the third terminal type (T3), when the fifth power (P5) or the seventh power (P7) is input, the tenth power (P10) and the eleventh power (P11) are distributed and output in a 3:7 ratio.

On the other hand, in the third terminal format (T3), the 8th power (P8) is located far away from the X-Y coordinates (8.5, 4.5), and the 9th power (P9) is located at the It is placed close to (8.5, 4.5).

In addition, in the third terminal format (T3), the 10th power (P10) is located far away from the X-Y coordinates (8.5, 4.5), and the 11th power (P11) is located at the X-Y coordinates (8.5, 4.5) It is placed close to 8.5, 4.5).

The fourth terminal format (T4) is the same as the third terminal format (T3), but only the arranged position may be different.

In the fourth terminal type (T4), when the 8th power (P8) or the 9th power (P9) is input, the 12th power (P12) and the 13th power (P13) are distributed and output in a 3:7 ratio.

On the other hand, in the fourth terminal format (T4), the 12th power (P12) is located away from the X-Y coordinates (8.5, 4.5) based on the It is placed close to (8.5, 4.5).

Therefore, as described above, the multi-polarized waveguide horn array antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention is configured so that more power energy is concentrated and supplied closer to the center coordinates (8.5, 4.5).

The multi-polarized waveguide horn array antenna has a large distribution of electric energy supplied to the single horn antenna located in the area close to the center coordinates (8.5, 4.5), and the single horn antenna placed in the area far from the center coordinate (8.5, 4.5). The proportion of electrical energy supplied is distributed small.

In more detail, the 13th power (P13) accounts for 22.05% of the 100% electrical energy supplied to the first power (P1), the 10th power (P10) accounts for 13.5%, and the 12th power (P12) accounts for 9.45%, the 9th power (P9) accounts for 3.5%, and the 8th power (P8) accounts for 1.5%. The percentage value described herein is an example of power distribution to aid understanding of the invention and does not limit the scope of rights.

Figure 13a shows the reflection coefficient (S parameter) of each terminal type (T1, T2, T3).

Figure 13b shows the power distribution ratio for each terminal type (T1, T2, T3).

As described above, the multi-polarization waveguide horn array antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention can expect higher gain by supplying more electrical energy closer to the center of the multi-polarization waveguide horn array antenna.

Figure 14 shows the overall configuration of a multi-polarized waveguide horn array antenna, which implements a dual circular polarization mode and has no FSS superstraight.

As shown in Figure 14, when a multi-polarized waveguide horn array antenna is constructed, it operates in dual circular polarization.

Figure 15a shows the overall configuration of a multi-polarization waveguide horn array antenna, which implements a dual linear polarization mode and has no FSS superstraight. Figure 15b shows the overall configuration of a multi-polarization waveguide horn array antenna, which implements a dual linear polarization mode and has an FSS superstraight.

As shown in FIGS. 15A and 15B, a multi-polarized waveguide horn array antenna is configured, and a first septum polarizer 16a is further added to the leading edge of the power distribution line 30, thereby operating in dual linear polarization. do.

The septum polarizer 16 configured in the single horn antenna 10 and the first septum polarizer 16a connected to the leading edge of the power distribution line 30 are connected in opposite directions in phase.

Figure 16a shows the voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) value of the multi-polarized waveguide horn array antenna when there is no FSS superstraight.

In the absence of FSS superstraight, the multipolarized waveguide horn array antenna satisfied a VSWR value of 2 or less.

Figure 16b shows the voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) value of the multi-polarized waveguide horn array antenna in the presence of FSS superstraight.

When FSS superstraight is present, left-handed circular polarization (LHCP) and right-handed circular polarization (RHCP) satisfy a VSWR value of 2 or less.

However, when the FSS superstraight was present, the linear polarization generated ripple and satisfied a VSWR of 2.5 or less.

Figure 17 shows the peak gain of a multi-polarized waveguide horn array antenna. Figures 18a and 18b show the axial ratio of the multi-polarized waveguide horn array antenna.

As shown in Figure 17, it can be seen that the gain increases when there is an FSS superstraight.

As shown in Figure 18b, it can be confirmed that circular polarization has an axial ratio of 3 dB or less regardless of the presence or absence of the FSS superstraight.

Figures 19a to 19d show the radiation pattern measured at 11.725 GHz of the multi-polarized waveguide horn array antenna.

“YZ plane” described in the legends of FIGS. 19A to 19D refers to a plane consisting of the Y and Z axes in the three-dimensional coordinate symbols shown in FIGS. 14 to 15B.

“XZ plane” described in the legends of FIGS. 19A to 19D refers to a plane consisting of the
Figures 19a and 19b show left-handed circular polarization (LHCP) and right-handed circular polarization (RHCP), and Figures 19c and 19d show horizontal polarization (HP) and vertical polarization (VP).

As shown in Figures 19a to 19d, it can be seen that the multi-polarization waveguide horn array antenna shows a radiation pattern at 11.725 GHz and has high cross-polarization separation.

Figures 20a to 20d visualize the electric field distribution according to phase change in the multi-polarized waveguide horn array antenna at a frequency of 11.725 GHz.

Figure 20a shows that the electric field in the multi-polarized waveguide horn array antenna shows preferential circular polarization.

Figure 20b shows that the electric field in the multi-polarized waveguide horn array antenna shows left-handed circular polarization.

Figure 20c shows that the electric field in the multi-polarized waveguide horn array antenna shows horizontal polarization.

Figure 20d shows that the electric field in the multi-polarization waveguide horn array antenna shows vertical polarization.

That is, it can be seen that the multi-polarized waveguide horn array antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention transmits and receives all horizontal polarization, vertical polarization, left-handed circular polarization, and right-handed circular polarization.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the attached drawings, those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains will understand that the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without changing its technical idea or essential features. You will be able to.

Therefore, the embodiments described above should be understood in all respects as illustrative and not limiting, and the scope of the present invention is indicated by the claims described below, and the meaning and scope of the claims and all equivalent concepts derived from them. Changes or modified forms should be construed as falling within the scope of the present invention.

The multi-polarization waveguide horn array antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention can be used to manufacture antennas for satellite broadcast reception and satellite communication, and can be applied to 5G, 6G, and various radars by changing the frequency band, and various microwave It can be used to manufacture antennas for (Microwave).

10: Single horn antenna
12, 14: waveguide
14: waveguide
16: Septum polarizer
20: Super straight
30: Power distribution line
32: connection part
41~46: 1st~6th power distribution lines
T1~T4: 1st~4 terminal format
LHCP: Left-handed circular polarization
RHCP: Preferential circular polarization
VP: Vertically polarized
HP: Horizontally polarized

Claims (4)

A single horn antenna (10) arranged in natural number coordinates in the XY coordinates, consisting of 16 columns in the X-axis direction and 8 rows in the Y-axis direction; and
A power distribution line (30) that provides power to each of the single horn antennas (10); Including,
The single horn antenna 10 is configured with a septum polarizer (16) to separate vertical polarization and horizontal polarization,
A first septum polarizer (16a) is further connected to the leading edge of the power distribution line (30),
The septum polarizer 16 and the first septum polarizer 16a are connected in opposite phases to each other,
The power distribution line 30 is,
The second power distribution line 42 is connected to the third power distribution line 43 in a first terminal type (T1),
The third power distribution line 43 is connected to the fourth power distribution line 44 in a second terminal type (T2),
The fourth power distribution line 44 is connected to the fifth power distribution line 45 in a third terminal type (T3),
In the first terminal type (T1), when the first power (P1) is input, the second power (P2) and the third power (P3) are distributed and output in the same ratio,
In the second terminal type (T2), when the second power (P2) is input, the output is distributed in a larger proportion to the fifth power (P5) among the fourth power (P4) and the fifth power (P5). When the third power (P3) is input, it is output by distributing it to the seventh power (P7) in a larger ratio among the sixth power (P6) and the seventh power (P7),
In the third terminal type (T3), when the fourth power (P4) is input, the output is distributed in a larger proportion to the ninth power (P9) among the eighth power (P8) and the ninth power (P9). When the fifth power (P5) is input, the output is distributed in a larger proportion to the 11th power (P11) among the 10th power (P10) and the 11th power (P11), and when the 6th power (P6) is input, the output is distributed to the 11th power (P11). Among the 8th power (P8) and the 9th power (P9), the output is distributed in a larger proportion to the 9th power (P9), and when the 7th power (P7) is input, the 10th power (P10) and the 11th power (P10) are output. Among P11), output is distributed in a larger ratio to the 11th power (P11)
A multi-polarized waveguide horn array antenna capable of transmitting and receiving multiple linear and circular polarized waves.
According to paragraph 1,
The first septum polarizer (16a) is formed on the single horn antenna (10) so that the septum polarizer (16) and the phase are opposite to each other.
A multi-polarization waveguide horn array antenna that can transmit and receive multiple linear and circular polarized waves including.
delete According to paragraph 1,
Among the XY coordinates, set 8.5 rows and 4.5 columns as the center coordinates,
Among the fourth power (P4) and the fifth power (P5), the fourth power (P4) is disposed on a side farther from the center coordinate, and the fifth power (P5) is disposed on a side closer to the center coordinate,
Among the sixth power (P6) and the seventh power (P7), the sixth power (P6) is disposed on a side farther from the center coordinate, and the seventh power (P7) is disposed on a side closer to the center coordinate,
Among the eighth power (P8) and the ninth power (P9), the eighth power (P8) is arranged on a side far from the center coordinate, and the ninth power (P9) is placed on a side close to the center coordinate,
Among the 10th power (P10) and the 11th power (P11), the 10th power (P10) is arranged on the side far from the center coordinate, and the 11th power (P11) is placed on the side closer to the center coordinate.
A multi-polarization waveguide horn array antenna that can transmit and receive multiple linear and circular polarized waves including.

Images