KR102633303B1 - Vacuum drying apparatus for agricultural and marine products - Google Patents
Vacuum drying apparatus for agricultural and marine products Download PDFInfo
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- KR102633303B1 KR102633303B1 KR1020210077192A KR20210077192A KR102633303B1 KR 102633303 B1 KR102633303 B1 KR 102633303B1 KR 1020210077192 A KR1020210077192 A KR 1020210077192A KR 20210077192 A KR20210077192 A KR 20210077192A KR 102633303 B1 KR102633303 B1 KR 102633303B1
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- vacuum drying
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- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 89
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 102
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000859 sublimation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008022 sublimation Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 5
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000002566 Capsicum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000238366 Cephalopoda Species 0.000 description 1
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000758706 Piperaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010411 cooking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000012055 fruits and vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 210000000936 intestine Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035800 maturation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000021067 refined food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000003252 repetitive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000014102 seafood Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
- A23B7/00—Preservation or chemical ripening of fruit or vegetables
- A23B7/02—Dehydrating; Subsequent reconstitution
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
- A23B7/00—Preservation or chemical ripening of fruit or vegetables
- A23B7/02—Dehydrating; Subsequent reconstitution
- A23B7/0205—Dehydrating; Subsequent reconstitution by contact of the material with fluids, e.g. drying gas or extracting liquids
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
- F26B21/006—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects the gas supply or exhaust being effected through hollow spaces or cores in the materials or objects, e.g. tubes, pipes, bottles
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
- F26B21/14—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects using gases or vapours other than air or steam, e.g. inert gases
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B23/00—Heating arrangements
- F26B23/10—Heating arrangements using tubes or passages containing heated fluids, e.g. acting as radiative elements; Closed-loop systems
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B3/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat
- F26B3/02—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by convection, i.e. heat being conveyed from a heat source to the materials or objects to be dried by a gas or vapour, e.g. air
- F26B3/04—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by convection, i.e. heat being conveyed from a heat source to the materials or objects to be dried by a gas or vapour, e.g. air the gas or vapour circulating over or surrounding the materials or objects to be dried
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B5/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat
- F26B5/04—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat by evaporation or sublimation of moisture under reduced pressure, e.g. in a vacuum
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/85—Food storage or conservation, e.g. cooling or drying
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
Abstract
본 발명은 농수산물 진공건조장치에 관한 것으로서, 양측 끝단에 개폐도어가 형성되고, 내부에 건조대상물이 수용되는 진공건조챔버와, 상기 진공건조챔버 내부를 진공시키기 위해 공기를 흡기하는 진공펌프와, 상기 진공건조챔버 내부에 설치되고 가열된 열매체가 순환하는 열매체 파이프와, 열매체를 가열하고 가열된 열매체를 상기 열매체 파이프에 공급하는 열매체 공급부와, 상기 진공건조챔버 내부에 질소를 가열하여 공급하는 질소공급부와, 상기 진공건조챔버 내부의 승화수분공기가 배출되는 배출관과 연결되고, 상기 배출관을 통해 배출되는 승화수분공기를 냉각 응축시켜 수분을 회수하는 수분응축회수부를 구비하여, 상기 열매체 파이프와 상기 반사경을 통해 상기 진공건조챔버 내부에서 복사열을 이용하여 건조물 전체에 열을 골고루 공급하고, 상기 질소공급부에 의해 가열된 질소를 공급하여 대류열을 이용하여 수분 증기압을 높여 수분을 용이하게 배출시켜 건조시간을 단축시킬 수 있고, 건조물의 변폐를 방지하여 경제적이고 건조효율을 높일 수 있다. The present invention relates to a vacuum drying apparatus for agricultural and marine products, comprising a vacuum drying chamber having openings and closing doors formed at both ends and accommodating objects to be dried therein, a vacuum pump sucking air to vacuum the inside of the vacuum drying chamber, and A heating medium pipe installed inside the vacuum drying chamber and through which the heated heating medium circulates, a heating medium supply unit heating the heating medium and supplying the heated heating medium to the heating medium pipe, and a nitrogen supply unit heating and supplying nitrogen inside the vacuum drying chamber. , connected to a discharge pipe through which the sublimated moisture air inside the vacuum drying chamber is discharged, and provided with a moisture condensation recovery unit that cools and condenses the sublimated moisture air discharged through the discharge pipe to recover moisture, through the heat medium pipe and the reflector. Inside the vacuum drying chamber, heat is evenly supplied to the entire dried product using radiant heat, and nitrogen heated by the nitrogen supply unit is supplied to increase moisture vapor pressure using convection heat to easily discharge moisture, thereby shortening the drying time. It is economical and increases drying efficiency by preventing deterioration of dried materials.
Description
본 발명은 농수산물 진공건조장치에 관한 것으로서, 더욱 상세하게는 증기압을 높여 건조시간을 단축시켜 건조물의 변폐를 방지하여 경제적이고 건조효율이 높은 농수산물 진공건조장치에 관한 것이다. The present invention relates to a vacuum drying device for agricultural and marine products, and more specifically, to a vacuum drying device for agricultural and marine products that is economical and has high drying efficiency by increasing vapor pressure and shortening drying time to prevent deterioration of dried products.
최근 건조기를 이용하여 고추나 과일 및 야채 등의 농산물과, 오징어, 생선 등의 수산물을 비롯하여 각종 가공식품을 건조하여 보존 기간을 증가시키고 있다. 특히, 수산물을 건조하면 저장성과 유통성을 높일 수 있고, 조리시에 건조물 특유의 맛을 살려 시장을 확보할 수 있기 때문에, 건조된 농수산물의 유통이 증가하고 있다. Recently, dryers have been used to dry agricultural products such as peppers, fruits and vegetables, marine products such as squid and fish, and various processed foods to increase the shelf life. In particular, drying marine products can improve storability and distribution, and the market can be secured by utilizing the unique taste of dried products during cooking, so the distribution of dried agricultural and marine products is increasing.
해산물이나 수산물을 건조하는 방법으로는, 화건조와 저온건조와 진공건조 방법이 있다. Methods for drying seafood or marine products include fire drying, low temperature drying, and vacuum drying.
대부분 변패가 잘 일어나지 않는 겨울을 이용하여 건조시키기 때문에, 건조시간이 길고, 저장을 위한 공간이 많이 필요하기 때문에 건조비용이 많이 발생하여 건조생선이 일반생선보다 오히려 가격이 비싸다고 하는 문제점이 있었다. Since drying is done in the winter, when spoilage does not occur in most cases, the drying time is long and a lot of space is needed for storage, so drying costs are high, so there is a problem in that dried fish is more expensive than regular fish.
또한, 저온건조방식은 식품의 변질을 막기 위해 건조실 내부에 냉동기를 설치한 다음 냉동기를 가동시켜서 건조실 내부를 저온상태로 냉각시켜서 식품을 건조하고 있다. 그러나 종래와 같이 냉동기를 이용하여 건조실 내부의 공기를 저온(15℃ 이하)으로 냉각시키면서 순환시키므로 식품의 변질은 막을 수 있는 반면에 식품의 건 조시간이 길어지게 된다는 것이 문제점으로 지적되고 있으며, 또한 건조실의 온도를 저온상태로 유지하기 위해서는 냉동기를 수시로 가동시켜야 하기 때문에 냉동기의 가동시간이 길어지게 되며, 또 냉동기의 가동시간이 길어지는 만큼 건조장치의 운전비가 많이 소요되므로 식품의 건조비용이 증가된다는 것이 문제점으로 지적되어 왔으며, 특히 건조실 내부를 저온(15℃ 이하)상태의 산소가스 분위기에서 식품을 장시간동안 건조하기 때문에 식품의 색상이 변색되거나 또는 산화변질될 수 있으며, 나아가 저온건조하는 과정에서 식품의 숙성과정이 진행될 수도 있다는 것이 문제점으로 지적되어 왔다.In addition, in the low-temperature drying method, in order to prevent deterioration of food, a refrigerator is installed inside the drying room, and then the freezer is operated to cool the inside of the drying room to a low temperature to dry the food. However, while the deterioration of food can be prevented by cooling and circulating the air inside the drying room to a low temperature (below 15°C) using a refrigerator as in the past, the problem is that the drying time of the food becomes longer. In order to maintain the temperature of the drying room at a low temperature, the freezer must be operated frequently, which increases the operation time of the freezer. Also, as the operation time of the freezer increases, the operating cost of the drying device increases, which increases the cost of drying food. This has been pointed out as a problem, and in particular, since food is dried for a long time in an oxygen gas atmosphere at a low temperature (15°C or lower) inside the drying room, the color of the food may change or oxidize, and furthermore, the food may become deteriorated during low-temperature drying. It has been pointed out as a problem that the maturation process may proceed.
한편, 건조 과정 중 또는 보존 기간중에 식품의 영양소나 고유의 색상을 포함하는 생화학적 성질이 변질되지 않도록 진공 상태에서 식품의 농축이나 건조가 이루어지는 진공 건조기가 알려져 있다.Meanwhile, a vacuum dryer is known in which food is concentrated or dried in a vacuum so that biochemical properties, including nutrients or unique colors, of the food are not deteriorated during the drying process or during the preservation period.
그러나, 종래의 진공건조방식에서는, 내장을 제거하거나 소형 생선을 진공건조시키는 방식이 있으나, 생물의수분 60% 이상을 건조하기 위해서는 최소 5일 이상 소요되고, 장시간 건조시에 생선 육질의 효소로 인해 육질이 물러져 쫄깃한 맛이 없어지게 되는 문제가 있었다. However, in the conventional vacuum drying method, there is a method of removing the intestines or vacuum drying small fish, but it takes at least 5 days to dry more than 60% of the moisture in the organism, and when dried for a long time, enzymes in the fish meat cause damage. There was a problem with the meat becoming soft and losing its chewy taste.
또한, 진공건조방식은 진공상태에서는 열 전달이 잘 이루어지지 않아 진공챔버 내에 선반을 설치하고 건조물을 얹어놓은 다음 열을 공급하여 건조하게 되는데, 건조물마다 가열선반이 설치되어 많은 공간을 차지하고, 건조물이 선반에 들러붙어 수거시 건조물에 상처가 발생하기 쉽고 직접 가열로 영양소가 변패되기 쉽다는 문제가 있었다. In addition, the vacuum drying method does not transfer heat well in a vacuum, so a shelf is installed in the vacuum chamber, the dried material is placed on it, and then heat is supplied to dry it. A heating shelf is installed for each dried material, which takes up a lot of space and causes the dried material to dry. There was a problem that it stuck to the shelf and was prone to damage to the dried material when collected, and that nutrients were easily deteriorated by direct heating.
본 발명은 상술한 종래기술의 문제점을 해결하고자 하는 것으로서, 본 발명의 목적은 복사열을 이용하여 건조물 전체에 열을 골고루 공급하고 수분 증기압을 높여 수분을 용이하게 배출시켜 건조시간을 단축시킬 수 있고, 건조물의 변폐를 방지하여 경제적이고 건조효율을 높일 수 있는 농수산물 진공건조장치를 제공하는 것이다. The present invention aims to solve the problems of the prior art described above. The purpose of the present invention is to use radiant heat to evenly supply heat to the entire dried object and increase the moisture vapor pressure to easily discharge moisture, thereby shortening the drying time. The aim is to provide a vacuum drying device for agricultural and marine products that is economical and increases drying efficiency by preventing spoilage of dried products.
상술한 목적을 달성하기 위하여, 본 발명에 의한 농수산물 진공건조장치는 양측 끝단에 개폐도어가 형성되고, 내부에 건조대상물이 수용되는 진공건조챔버와, 상기 진공건조챔버 내부를 진공시키기 위해 공기를 흡기하는 진공펌프와, 상기 진공건조챔버 내부에 설치되고 가열된 열매체가 순환하는 열매체 파이프와, 열매체를 가열하고 가열된 열매체를 상기 열매체 파이프에 공급하는 열매체 공급부와, 상기 진공건조챔버 내부에 질소를 가열하여 공급하는 질소공급부와, 상기 진공건조챔버 내부의 승화수분공기가 배출되는 배출관과 연결되고, 상기 배출관을 통해 배출되는 승화수분공기를 냉각 응축시켜 수분을 회수하는 수분응축회수부를 구비하는 것을 특징으로 한다. In order to achieve the above-described object, the vacuum drying device for agricultural and marine products according to the present invention includes a vacuum drying chamber in which opening and closing doors are formed at both ends, and the object to be dried is accommodated therein, and air is sucked to vacuum the inside of the vacuum drying chamber. a vacuum pump, a heating medium pipe installed inside the vacuum drying chamber and circulating the heated heating medium, a heating medium supply unit heating the heating medium and supplying the heated heating medium to the heating medium pipe, and heating nitrogen inside the vacuum drying chamber. It is connected to a nitrogen supply unit that supplies nitrogen and a discharge pipe through which the sublimated moisture air inside the vacuum drying chamber is discharged, and a moisture condensation recovery unit that cools and condenses the sublimated moisture air discharged through the discharge pipe to recover moisture. do.
여기서, 상기 진공건조챔버는, 원통형 형상으로 형성되고, 내부면에는 스테인레스 재질의 반사경이 설치되는 것을 특징으로 한다. Here, the vacuum drying chamber is formed in a cylindrical shape, and a reflector made of stainless steel is installed on the inner surface.
여기서, 상기 질소공급부는 상기 진공건조챔버 내부로 공급되는 질소를 가열하는 질소가열부와, 산소가 포함된 외부공기는 차단하고 질소는 통과시키는 체크밸브를 구비하는 것을 특징으로 한다. Here, the nitrogen supply unit includes a nitrogen heating unit that heats nitrogen supplied into the vacuum drying chamber, and a check valve that blocks external air containing oxygen and allows nitrogen to pass through.
여기서, 상기 진공건조챔버는 4 Torr 이하로 유지되고, 상기 건조대상물은 상기 열매체 파이프로부터 전달되는 열을 상기 반사경에 의해 공급되는 복사열과 상기 질소가열부에 의해 가열된 질소의 대류열에 의해 가열되는 것을 특징으로 한다. Here, the vacuum drying chamber is maintained at 4 Torr or less, and the object to be dried is heated by the heat transferred from the heat medium pipe, radiant heat supplied by the reflector, and convection heat of nitrogen heated by the nitrogen heating unit. It is characterized by
여기서, 상기 수분응축회수부에 의해 수분이 제거되고 상기 진공펌프를 통과한 질소는 상기 질소가열부에 의해 재가열되어 상기 진공건조챔버로 공급되는 순환경로를 이루는 것을 특징으로 한다. Here, moisture is removed by the moisture condensation recovery unit and nitrogen passing through the vacuum pump is reheated by the nitrogen heating unit and forms a circulation path to be supplied to the vacuum drying chamber.
상술한 구성을 가지는 본 발명에 의한 농수산물 진공건조장치에 의하면, 상기 열매체 파이프와 상기 반사경을 통해 상기 진공건조챔버 내부에서 복사열을 이용하여 건조물 전체에 열을 골고루 공급하고, 상기 질소공급부에 의해 가열된 질소를 공급하여 대류열을 이용하여 수분 증기압을 높여 수분을 용이하게 배출시켜 건조시간을 단축시킬 수 있고, 건조물의 변폐를 방지하여 경제적이고 건조효율을 높일 수 있다. According to the vacuum drying apparatus for agricultural and marine products according to the present invention having the above-described configuration, heat is evenly supplied to the entire dried product using radiant heat inside the vacuum drying chamber through the heat medium pipe and the reflector, and the heated product is heated by the nitrogen supply unit. By supplying nitrogen, the moisture vapor pressure can be increased using convection heat, allowing moisture to be easily discharged, shortening the drying time, and preventing deterioration of the dried product, making it economical and increasing drying efficiency.
도 1은 본 발명에 의한 농수산물 진공건조장치를 나타내는 사시도이다.
도 2는 도 1의 측면도이다.
도 3은 도 1의 평면도이다.
도 4는 본 발명의 진공건조챔버의 내부를 나타내는 사시도이다.
도 5는 본 발명의 수분응축 회수부를 나타내는 도면이다.
도 6은 본 발명의 질소공급부를 나타내는 도면이다. Figure 1 is a perspective view showing a vacuum drying device for agricultural and marine products according to the present invention.
Figure 2 is a side view of Figure 1.
Figure 3 is a plan view of Figure 1.
Figure 4 is a perspective view showing the interior of the vacuum drying chamber of the present invention.
Figure 5 is a diagram showing the moisture condensation recovery unit of the present invention.
Figure 6 is a diagram showing the nitrogen supply unit of the present invention.
이하, 첨부된 도면을 참조하여 본 발명에 의한 농수산물 진공건조장치에 대하여 실시예로써 상세하게 설명한다. Hereinafter, the vacuum drying apparatus for agricultural and marine products according to the present invention will be described in detail as an example with reference to the attached drawings.
도 1은 본 발명에 의한 농수산물 진공건조장치를 나타내는 사시도, 도 2는 그 측면도, 도 3은 그 평면도, 도 4는 진공건조챔버의 내부를 나타내는 사시도이다. Figure 1 is a perspective view showing a vacuum drying apparatus for agricultural and marine products according to the present invention, Figure 2 is a side view, Figure 3 is a plan view, and Figure 4 is a perspective view showing the inside of a vacuum drying chamber.
도 1 내지 도 4에 나타낸 바와 같이, 본 발명에 의한 농수산물 진공건조장치(1)는 진공건조챔버(10)와, 진공펌프(20)와, 열매체 공급부(30)와, 수분응축회수부(40)와, 질소공급부(50)와, 제어패널(60)와, 열매체 파이프(70)를 포함한다. As shown in Figures 1 to 4, the vacuum drying apparatus for agricultural and marine products (1) according to the present invention includes a vacuum drying chamber (10), a vacuum pump (20), a heat medium supply unit (30), and a moisture condensation recovery unit (40). ), a nitrogen supply unit 50, a control panel 60, and a heat medium pipe 70.
상기 진공건조챔버(10)는 대략 원통형상으로 형성되고, 양측 끝단에는 개폐도어(11)가 형성되어, 상기 개폐도어를 통해 건조대상물이 반입 및 반출될 수 있도록 구성된다. The vacuum drying chamber 10 is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape, and opening and closing doors 11 are formed at both ends, so that drying objects can be brought in and out through the opening and closing doors.
상기 진공건조챔버(10)의 외주면에는 복수의 투시창(12)이 형성되어, 상기 투시창(12)을 통해 사용자가 육안으로 상기 진공건초챔버(10) 내부의 건조대상물의 진공건조상태를 관찰할 수 있도록 구성된다. A plurality of viewing windows 12 are formed on the outer peripheral surface of the vacuum drying chamber 10, so that the user can observe the vacuum drying state of the object to be dried inside the vacuum hay chamber 10 with the naked eye through the viewing windows 12. It is structured so that
상기 진공건조챔버(10)의 내부에는 가이드레일(13)이 설치된다. 상기 가이드레일(13)은 상기 진공건조챔버(10)의 길이방향을 따라 기다랗게 설치되며, 건조대상물이 안치된 선반을 상기 진공건조챔버(10)의 내부로 용이하게 반입 또는 반출할 수 있도록 안내한다. A guide rail 13 is installed inside the vacuum drying chamber 10. The guide rail 13 is installed long along the longitudinal direction of the vacuum drying chamber 10 and guides the shelf on which the drying object is placed so that it can be easily brought in or out of the vacuum drying chamber 10. do.
상기 진공건조챔버(10)의 내부에는 열매체 파이프(70)가 설치된다. 상기 열매체 파이프(70)는 끝단이 U자 형상으로 형성되어, 상기 열매체 공급부로부터 공급되는 고온의 열매체가 순환가능하도록 구성된다. A heat medium pipe 70 is installed inside the vacuum drying chamber 10. The heat medium pipe 70 has a U-shaped end so that the high-temperature heat medium supplied from the heat medium supply unit can circulate.
상기 진공건조챔버(10)의 내주면에는 반사경(14)이 설치된다. 상기 반사경(14)은 예를 들면 스테인레스 스틸 재질로 형성되고, 상기 진공건조챔버(10)의 내주면에 부착되어 설치되어, 원통형상을 이루도록 구성된다. A reflector 14 is installed on the inner peripheral surface of the vacuum drying chamber 10. The reflector 14 is made of, for example, stainless steel, is attached to and installed on the inner peripheral surface of the vacuum drying chamber 10, and is configured to have a cylindrical shape.
상기 반사경(14)은 상기 진공건조챔버(10) 내부에서 상기 반사경 보다 외측, 즉 상기 진공건조챔버의 내주면에 설치됨으로써, 상기 진공건조챔버(10) 내부의 공간을 보다 넓히고 반입되는 상기 건조대상물의 양을 보다 크게 할 수 있다. The reflector 14 is installed outside the reflector inside the vacuum drying chamber 10, that is, on the inner peripheral surface of the vacuum drying chamber, thereby widening the space inside the vacuum drying chamber 10 and allowing the drying object to be brought in. The amount can be made larger.
상기 진공건조챔버(10) 내부에 상기 반사경(14)을 형성함으로써, 후술하는 열매체 파이프(70)를 순환하는 열매체로부터 전달되는 열을 상기 진공건조챔버(10) 내부에 수용된 상기 건조대상물에 대하여 복사열을 전달할 수 있고, 상기 진공건조챔버 내부에서 복사열을 이용하여 건조물 전체에 열을 골고루 공급할 수 있다. By forming the reflector 14 inside the vacuum drying chamber 10, the heat transferred from the heat medium circulating through the heat medium pipe 70, which will be described later, is radiated to the object to be dried contained inside the vacuum drying chamber 10. can be transmitted, and heat can be evenly supplied to the entire dried product using radiant heat inside the vacuum drying chamber.
상기 진공건조챔버(10)의 외부 일측에는 상기 진공펌프(20)가 설치된다. 상기 진공펌프(20)에는 배기관(21)이 연결되어, 상기 진공건조챔버(10) 내부에서 가열된 상기 건조대상물로부터 배출된 승화수분공기가 외부로 배기되도록 구성된다. The vacuum pump 20 is installed on one outer side of the vacuum drying chamber 10. An exhaust pipe 21 is connected to the vacuum pump 20 so that sublimated moisture air discharged from the dried object heated inside the vacuum drying chamber 10 is exhausted to the outside.
상기 진공펌프(20)를 구동하여, 상기 진공건조챔버(10) 내부를 진공상태로 유지한 다음, 상기 열매체 공급부에 의해 가열된 열매체를 상기 진공건조챔버 내부로 공급하여 상기 건조대상물을 가열하도록 구성된다. The vacuum pump 20 is driven to maintain the inside of the vacuum drying chamber 10 in a vacuum state, and then the heat medium heated by the heat medium supply unit is supplied into the vacuum drying chamber to heat the drying object. do.
본 실시예에서, 상기 진공건조챔버(10)는 상기 진공펌프(20)의 구동에 의해, 내부의 진공압이 4 Torr 이하로 유지되는 것이 바람직하다. 물은 진공압 4 Torr 이상에서는 건조대상물의 온도가 1℃부터 수분이 증발하므로, 이러한 원리를 이용하여 상기 진공건조챔버의 진공압을 4 Torr 이하로 유지하고 상기 건조대상물의 온도를 1℃부터 상승시킬수록 건조속도가 빨라지게 되도록 구성한다. In this embodiment, the vacuum pressure inside the vacuum drying chamber 10 is preferably maintained at 4 Torr or less by driving the vacuum pump 20. Water evaporates from 1℃ of the temperature of the object to be dried when the vacuum pressure is above 4 Torr. Therefore, using this principle, the vacuum pressure of the vacuum drying chamber is maintained below 4 Torr and the temperature of the object to be dried is raised from 1℃. It is designed so that the drying speed becomes faster the more you dry it.
예를 들면, 1℃는 증기압이 4.579 Torr이지만, 건조대상물의 온도를 상기 열매체와 후술하는 질소를 이용하여 20℃로 상승시키면 증기압은 17.535 Torr로 높아지므로, 상기 건조대상물로부터 수분이 빠져나오는 속도가 빨라져서 신속한 건조가 이루어질 수 있다. For example, at 1℃, the vapor pressure is 4.579 Torr, but when the temperature of the object to be dried is raised to 20℃ using the heat medium and nitrogen, which will be described later, the vapor pressure increases to 17.535 Torr, so the speed at which moisture escapes from the object to be dried is Faster drying can be achieved.
상기 진공건조챔버(10)의 일측에는 상기 열매체 공급부(30)가 마련된다. 상기 열매체 공급부(30)는, 열매체 펌프(31)와, 열매체 저장탱크(32)를 포함한다. The heat medium supply unit 30 is provided on one side of the vacuum drying chamber 10. The heat medium supply unit 30 includes a heat medium pump 31 and a heat medium storage tank 32.
상기 열매체 저장탱크(32)는 내부에 히터가 내장되어 열매체를 일정한 온도까지 가열한 후 저장하도록 구성되어, 가열온도는 상기 제어패널(60)을 통해 사용자가 조절할 수 있다. The heat medium storage tank 32 has a built-in heater to heat the heat medium to a certain temperature and then store it, and the heating temperature can be adjusted by the user through the control panel 60.
상기 열매체 저장탱크(32)에 저장된 가열된 열매체는 상기 열매체 펌프(31)와, 열매체 이송파이프(33)를 통해 상기 진공건조챔버(10) 내부에 설치된 상기 열매체 파이프(70)로 공급된다. The heated heat medium stored in the heat medium storage tank 32 is supplied to the heat medium pipe 70 installed inside the vacuum drying chamber 10 through the heat medium pump 31 and the heat medium transfer pipe 33.
본 실시예에서, 상기 열매체는 주로 오일을 사용하지만, 반드시 이에 한정되지 않고 공지된 다른 액체 종류를 사용할 수 있음은 물론이다. In this embodiment, the heat medium mainly uses oil, but it is not necessarily limited to this and other known liquid types can be used, of course.
상기 진공건조챔버(10)의 일측에는 질소공급부(50)가 마련된다. 상기 질소공급부(50)는 상기 진공건조챔버(10) 내부에 질소를 가열하여 공급한다. A nitrogen supply unit 50 is provided on one side of the vacuum drying chamber 10. The nitrogen supply unit 50 heats and supplies nitrogen into the vacuum drying chamber 10.
상기 질소공급부(50)는, 도 6에 나타낸 바와 같이, 질소가열부(51)와 체크밸브(52)를 포함한다. As shown in FIG. 6, the nitrogen supply unit 50 includes a nitrogen heating unit 51 and a check valve 52.
상기 질소가열부(51)는 내부에 히터가 내장되어, 상기 진공건조챔버 내부로 공급되는 질소를 가열하도록 구성되고, 상기 체크밸브(52)는 상기 진공건조챔버(10) 내부로 공급되는 가열된 외기 중 산소가 포함된 외부공기는 차단하고 질소만을 통과시키도록 구성된다. The nitrogen heating unit 51 has a built-in heater and is configured to heat the nitrogen supplied into the vacuum drying chamber, and the check valve 52 is configured to heat the nitrogen supplied into the vacuum drying chamber 10. It is configured to block external air containing oxygen and allow only nitrogen to pass through.
상기 질소공급부에 의해 상기 진공건조챔버 내부에 질소를 공급하여, 상기 건조대상물이 산소와 접촉하여 부패를 일으키는 것을 방지할 수 있고, 상기 질소가열부에 의해 가열된 고온의 질소를 상기 진공건조챔버(10) 내부로 공급함으로써 질소에 의한 대류열에 의해 상기 건조대상물을 가열할 수 있도록 구성된다. By supplying nitrogen into the vacuum drying chamber by the nitrogen supply unit, it is possible to prevent the drying object from contacting oxygen and causing decay, and high temperature nitrogen heated by the nitrogen heating unit is supplied to the vacuum drying chamber ( 10) It is configured to heat the object to be dried by convection heat caused by nitrogen by supplying it inside.
상기 진공건조챔버(10)의 일측에는 수분응축회수부(40)가 마련된다. 상기 수분응축회수부(40)에는 냉매관(41)이 설치된다. 상기 진공건조챔버(10)로부터 배출되는 승화수분공기는 배출관(42)을 통해 상기 수분응축회수부(40)로 배출되는데, 이 때, 배출된 승화수분공기는 상기 냉매관(41)과 접촉하면서 응축되어 수분으로 된다. 응축된 상기 수분은 밸브(43)를 통해, 수분분리통(44)에 저장되고, 외부로 배출되도록 구성된다. A moisture condensation recovery unit 40 is provided on one side of the vacuum drying chamber 10. A refrigerant pipe 41 is installed in the moisture condensation recovery unit 40. The sublimated moisture air discharged from the vacuum drying chamber 10 is discharged to the moisture condensation recovery unit 40 through the discharge pipe 42. At this time, the discharged sublimated moisture air is in contact with the refrigerant pipe 41. It condenses and becomes moisture. The condensed moisture is stored in the moisture separation container 44 through the valve 43 and discharged to the outside.
상술한 구성을 가지는 본 발명의 진공건조장치(1)에 의한 농수산물의 진공건조에 대하여 설명한다. Vacuum drying of agricultural and marine products by the vacuum drying apparatus 1 of the present invention having the above-described configuration will be described.
우선, 상기 진공펌프(20)를 구동하여 상기 진공건조챔버(10)를 진공상태로 유지한다. First, the vacuum pump 20 is driven to maintain the vacuum drying chamber 10 in a vacuum state.
그런 다음, 상기 열매체 공급부(30)를 구동하여, 일정 온도로 가열된 열매체를 상기 열매체 펌프 및 상기 열매체 파이프(70)를 통해 공급한다. Then, the heat medium supply unit 30 is driven to supply heat medium heated to a certain temperature through the heat medium pump and the heat medium pipe 70.
한편, 상기 질소공급부(40)를 통해 일정 온도로 가열된 질소를 상기 진공건조챔버(10) 내부로 공급한다. Meanwhile, nitrogen heated to a certain temperature is supplied into the vacuum drying chamber 10 through the nitrogen supply unit 40.
건조과정에 상기 열매체 파이프(70)에 의해 더워진 공기는 상부쪽으로 이동되고 상부쪽의 찬공기는 하부쪽으로 이동되는 대류작용에 순응하도록 되어 있을 뿐만 아니라 상기 질소공급부에 의해 가열된 질소가 공급되어 상기 대류작용이 더욱 활발하게 이루어지고, 상기 반사경(14)에 의한 복사열이 건조대상물을 골고루 전달되므로 건조 효율 및 건조시간이 크게 향상된다.During the drying process, the air heated by the heat medium pipe 70 is moved toward the upper part and the cold air at the upper side is moved toward the lower part to comply with the convection effect, and the heated nitrogen is supplied by the nitrogen supply unit to the upper part. Convection becomes more active, and radiant heat from the reflector 14 is evenly transmitted to the drying object, thereby greatly improving drying efficiency and drying time.
한편, 상기 수분응축회수부에 의해 수분이 제거되고 상기 진공펌프를 통과한 질소는 상기 질소가열부에 의해 재가열되어 상기 진공건조챔버로 공급되는 순환경로를 이루도록 제어할 수 있다. Meanwhile, moisture is removed by the moisture condensation recovery unit and nitrogen passing through the vacuum pump can be controlled to form a circulation path where it is reheated by the nitrogen heating unit and supplied to the vacuum drying chamber.
상술한 반복 순환 공정에 의해, 상기 진공건조챔버 내부를 일정한 진공압으로 유지하면서, 상기 진공건조챔버 내부에 복사열과 대류열을 동시에 공급함으로써 상기 건조대상물에 수분증발열을 공급하고, 증발된 수분증기압이 약화되어 상기 건조대상물로부터 용이하게 배출될 수 있으므로 건조시간을 단축하고 건조대상불이 열 공급장치에 맞닿지 않고 분리되어 있어서, 상품의 질이 깨끗하고 생산성과 경제성이 우수한 이점이 있다. Through the above-described repetitive circulation process, while maintaining the inside of the vacuum drying chamber at a constant vacuum pressure, radiant heat and convection heat are simultaneously supplied to the inside of the vacuum drying chamber, thereby supplying moisture evaporation heat to the drying object, and the evaporated moisture vapor pressure Because it is weakened and can be easily discharged from the drying object, the drying time is shortened and the drying object is separated rather than in contact with the heat supply device, which has the advantage of clean product quality and excellent productivity and economic efficiency.
본 실시예는 본 발명에 포함되는 기술적 사상의 일부를 명확하게 나타내고 있는 것에 불과하며, 본 발명의 명세서에 포함된 기술적 사상의 범위내에서 당업자가 용이하게 유추할 수 있는 변형예와 구체적인 실시예는 모두 본 발명의 기술적 사상에 포함되는 것은 자명하다.This embodiment only clearly shows part of the technical idea included in the present invention, and modifications and specific embodiments that can be easily inferred by a person skilled in the art within the scope of the technical idea included in the specification of the present invention are It is obvious that all are included in the technical idea of the present invention.
1 : 진공건조장치
10 : 진공건조챔버
20 : 진공펌프
30 : 열매체 공급부
40 : 수분응축회수부
50 : 질소공급부1: Vacuum drying device
10: Vacuum drying chamber
20: Vacuum pump
30: Heat medium supply unit
40: Moisture condensation recovery unit
50: nitrogen supply unit
Claims (5)
상기 진공건조챔버 내부를 진공시키기 위해 공기를 흡기하는 진공펌프와,
상기 진공건조챔버 내부에 설치되고 가열된 열매체가 순환하는 열매체 파이프와,
열매체를 가열하고 가열된 열매체를 상기 열매체 파이프에 공급하는 열매체 공급부와,
상기 진공건조챔버 내부에 질소를 가열하여 공급하는 질소공급부와,
상기 진공건조챔버 내부의 승화수분공기가 배출되는 배출관과 연결되고, 상기 배출관을 통해 배출되는 승화수분공기를 냉각 응축시켜 수분을 회수하는 수분응축회수부를 구비하고,
상기 진공건조챔버는, 원통형 형상으로 형성되고, 내부면에는 스테인레스 재질의 반사경이 설치되고,
상기 반사경은 상기 진공건조챔버의 내부에서 상기 열매체 파이프의 외측에 설치되고,
상기 진공건조챔버는 상기 질소공급부에 의한 질소의 공급시에 상기 열매체 파이프에 의한 가열은 유지되고, 상기 진공건조챔버는 일정한 기압으로 유지되는 것을 특징으로 하는 농수산물 진공건조장치.
A vacuum drying chamber with opening and closing doors formed at both ends and a cylindrical shape to accommodate the drying object therein,
a vacuum pump that sucks air to vacuum the inside of the vacuum drying chamber;
A heat medium pipe installed inside the vacuum drying chamber and through which the heated heat medium circulates,
a heat medium supply unit that heats the heat medium and supplies the heated heat medium to the heat medium pipe;
A nitrogen supply unit that heats and supplies nitrogen to the inside of the vacuum drying chamber,
A moisture condensation recovery unit is connected to a discharge pipe through which the sublimated moisture air inside the vacuum drying chamber is discharged, and recovers moisture by cooling and condensing the sublimation moisture air discharged through the discharge pipe,
The vacuum drying chamber is formed in a cylindrical shape, and a reflector made of stainless steel is installed on the inner surface,
The reflector is installed on the outside of the heat medium pipe inside the vacuum drying chamber,
The vacuum drying chamber is a vacuum drying device for agricultural and marine products, wherein heating by the heating medium pipe is maintained when nitrogen is supplied by the nitrogen supply unit, and the vacuum drying chamber is maintained at a constant atmospheric pressure.
상기 질소공급부는,
상기 진공건조챔버 내부로 공급되는 질소를 가열하는 질소가열부와,
산소가 포함된 외부공기는 차단하고 질소는 통과시키는 체크밸브를 구비하는 것을 특징으로 하는 농수산물 진공건조장치.
According to claim 1,
The nitrogen supply unit,
a nitrogen heating unit that heats nitrogen supplied into the vacuum drying chamber;
A vacuum drying device for agricultural and marine products characterized by a check valve that blocks external air containing oxygen and passes nitrogen.
상기 수분응축회수부에 의해 수분이 제거되고 상기 진공펌프를 통과한 질소는 상기 질소가열부에 의해 재가열되어 상기 진공건조챔버로 공급되는 순환경로를 이루는 것을 특징으로 하는 농수산물 진공건조장치.
According to claim 3,
A vacuum drying device for agricultural and marine products, wherein moisture is removed by the moisture condensation recovery unit and nitrogen passing through the vacuum pump is reheated by the nitrogen heating unit and forms a circulation path to be supplied to the vacuum drying chamber.
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| KR100760314B1 (en) * | 2006-06-29 | 2007-10-04 | 김강욱 | System for drying food |
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| KR910009813B1 (en) * | 1990-02-07 | 1991-11-30 | 이치홍 | Method & apparatus for drying of agricultural products |
| KR0140049B1 (en) * | 1994-07-02 | 1998-07-15 | 이치홍 | A drying apparatus for agricultural and marine products using hot air |
| KR19980020528U (en) * | 1996-10-11 | 1998-07-15 | 김인철 | Squid Dryer |
| KR20080006649U (en) * | 2007-06-26 | 2008-12-31 | 박기찬 | Vacuum apparatus for manufacturing food powder |
| KR101729581B1 (en) | 2015-11-04 | 2017-04-26 | 주식회사 벡스코 | Vacuum drying system for agro-fishery products |
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| JP3121021B2 (en) * | 1995-10-12 | 2000-12-25 | 小野食品興業株式会社 | Decompression low-temperature far-infrared drying method for food |
| KR100760314B1 (en) * | 2006-06-29 | 2007-10-04 | 김강욱 | System for drying food |
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