KR102619991B1 - Capsule containing fire extinguishing compositions and composition containing the same - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention includes a fire extinguishing material manufactured by capturing and encapsulating a fire extinguishing material in a shell that can block the oxygen supply to terminate the combustion reaction, cool combustibles, or deactivate substances that cause the combustion reaction to occur in chain. The capsule is included in a flame retardant composition and attached to the inside and outside of switchboards, electric boxes, automobiles, transformers, servers, buildings, ships and marine structures, or on the surface of insulation materials in the form of a sheet, coating or film formed by molding the composition. By doing so, it normally serves to protect the surface of the target structure, but when a fire occurs and the surrounding temperature rises above a predetermined temperature, the shell of the capsule automatically collapses due to the temperature and extinguishing substances are released to the outside, eliminating oxygen around the flame. Provided is a capsule containing an extinguishing substance that can extinguish a fire at an early stage or prevent the spread of a fire by playing a role in pushing and cooling combustibles, and a flame retardant composition containing the same.

Description

Capsule containing fire extinguishing material and flame retardant composition containing the same {Capsule containing fire extinguishing compositions and composition containing the same}

The present invention relates to a capsule containing an extinguishing agent capable of extinguishing a fire and a flame retardant composition containing the same. More specifically, it relates to a capsule capable of blocking oxygen supplied to combustibles in the event of a fire or stopping the combustion reaction through cooling. It relates to a capsule containing an extinguishing agent and a flame retardant composition containing the same.

Due to the advancement of technology, various machines that use electricity, for example, home appliances or robots used in factories, are being used, and the importance of electricity that provides power is being highlighted.

The process by which this electricity is delivered to general households is, for example, through the power plant - primary substation - secondary substation - private substation - receiving board - transformer - distribution board - building distribution board - meter box - household distribution board.

The switchboard is literally a panel that receives electricity. The switchboard is the panel before the transformer, and the switchboard is the panel that distributes electricity, and the switchboard is the panel after the transformer.

These switchboards and switchboards (hereinafter referred to as ‘switchboards’) have an inherent risk of fire due to electrical overheating due to overcurrent, overload, or short circuit.

A breakdown due to a fire in a switchboard means that the supply of electricity, which is essential for modern society, is cut off, and the resulting economic and social losses can be enormous.

Therefore, in preparation for the occurrence of a fire in the switchboard, heat detectors and smoke detectors are installed within the switchboard, and a spray nozzle that sprays fire extinguishing agents, such as HALON or carbon dioxide (CO ₂ ), from the outside is provided. there is.

The internal components of the switchboard and switchboard described above are installed in a predetermined space inside the switchboard, and a plurality of switchboards are arranged adjacent to each other on the left and right, and a fire extinguishing agent, a spray nozzle, and supply pipes connecting them are installed on the upper surface of the switchboard.

However, each switchgear is equipped with fire extinguishing equipment, and in the event of a fire, the fire extinguishing procedure is carried out in the order of “recognition of fire - spraying of fire extinguishing agent.” Therefore, the management cost for the sensor that recognizes the fire and the equipment that sprays the fire extinguishing agent is high. In addition to this increase, the design is complicated because each supply pipe connecting the spray nozzle from each fire extinguishing agent is installed, and there is a problem in that it is not easy for the user to recognize the failure of the sensor that recognizes the fire.

Korean Patent No. 1184790 (registration notice on September 14, 2012)

In the present invention, in order to terminate the combustion reaction in the event of a fire in any object that can catch fire, including a switchgear, it is possible to block the oxygen supply, cool the flammable material, or deactivate the material that causes the combustion reaction to occur in chain. After encapsulating the extinguishing agent, using a flame retardant composition containing it, when a fire occurs, the shell of the capsule containing the extinguishing agent is destroyed and the extinguishing agent is released to the outside, acting as a barrier between the flame and combustibles to suppress the fire at an early stage. The object is to provide a capsule containing an extinguishing agent and a flame retardant composition containing the same.

The present invention includes a core containing an extinguishing material; A shell that surrounds the core and collapses above a predetermined temperature; The shell provides a capsule containing an extinguishing agent, wherein the shell is polymerized with a monomer mixture containing at least one monomer selected from the group consisting of ethylene-based monomer, styrene-based monomer, acrylic monomer, vinyl-based monomer, and nitrile-based monomer. do.

In addition, the shell is characterized in that it is formed by copolymerization of a mixture of ethylene monomer and vinyl acetate monomer.

In addition, the mixture is characterized in that 65 to 85% by weight of ethylene and 15 to 35% by weight of vinyl acetate.

In addition, the shell further comprises at least one gas barrier material selected from the group consisting of montmorillonite, saponite, hectorite, beidellite, stibunsite, nontronite, vermiculite, halloysite, and swellable mica. Do it as

Additionally, the shell is characterized in that it is formed by copolymerization of a mixture of acrylonitrile monomer and styrene monomer.

Additionally, the capsule is characterized in that it is spherical, oval, cylindrical, or polygonal.

Additionally, the present invention provides a coating composition; and a capsule containing a fire extinguishing agent, wherein the capsule includes: a core containing a fire extinguishing agent; and a shell surrounding the core and disintegrating above a predetermined temperature. The shell includes a capsule containing an extinguishing agent, characterized in that it is polymerized with a monomer mixture containing at least one monomer selected from the group consisting of ethylene-based monomer, styrene-based monomer, acrylic monomer, vinyl-based monomer, and nitrile-based monomer. Provides a flame retardant composition.

In addition, the coating composition includes polyurea resin, polyurethane resin, epoxy resin, polyamide resin, polyacryl resin, polyester resin, and polyether. At least one polymer resin selected from the group consisting of (polyether) resins, fillers containing organic pigments and/or inorganic pigments, anti-drip agents, plasticizers, heat stabilizers, antioxidants, light stabilizers, compatibilizers, dyes, anti-settling agents, and It is characterized in that it further includes one or more selected from the dispersing agent.

In addition, the coating composition further comprises at least one gas barrier material selected from the group consisting of montmorillonite, saponite, hectorite, beidellite, stibunsite, nontronite, vermiculite, halloysite, and swellable mica. It is characterized by

The present invention includes a fire extinguishing material manufactured by capturing and encapsulating a fire extinguishing material in a shell that can block the oxygen supply to terminate the combustion reaction, cool combustibles, or deactivate substances that cause the combustion reaction to occur in chain. The capsule is included in a flame retardant composition and attached to the inside and outside of switchboards, electric boxes, automobiles, transformers, servers, buildings, ships and marine structures, or on the surface of insulation materials in the form of a sheet, coating or film formed by molding the composition. By doing so, it normally serves to protect the surface of the target structure, but when a fire occurs and the surrounding temperature rises above a predetermined temperature, the shell of the capsule automatically collapses due to the temperature and extinguishing substances are released to the outside, eliminating oxygen around the flame. It can extinguish a fire in its early stages or prevent it from spreading by pushing out and cooling combustibles.

In addition, by encapsulating the extinguishing agent, the chemical reactivity between the composition and the extinguishing agent is reduced, which not only improves stability but also prevents deterioration of the physical properties of the member containing the capsule.

1 is an SEM photograph of a capsule containing an extinguishing agent according to the present invention.
Figure 2 is an SEM photo of a capsule containing extinguishing material being destroyed by heat.
Figure 3 is a graph analyzing capsules containing extinguishing substances by TGA and DSC.

Before explaining the present invention in detail through preferred embodiments below, terms and words used in the present specification and claims should not be construed as limited to their usual or dictionary meanings, but rather have meanings consistent with the technical idea of the present invention. Please note that it should be interpreted as a concept.

Throughout this specification, when a part "includes" a certain component, this means that it may further include other components rather than excluding other components, unless specifically stated to the contrary.

Hereinafter, the capsule containing the fire extinguishing agent of the present invention and the flame retardant composition containing the same will be described in more detail.

First, the capsule containing the extinguishing material may include a core containing the extinguishing material as shown in FIG. 1 and a shell that surrounds the core and disintegrates above a predetermined temperature.

The extinguishing agent helps terminate the combustion reaction by blocking the supply of oxygen, cooling combustibles, or deactivating substances that cause the combustion reaction to occur in a chain, and is not particularly limited as long as it is a material that can extinguish a fire. All can be used, but preferably water, carbon dioxide, sodium bicarbonate, ammonium phosphate, bromotrifluoromethane, bromochlorodifluoromethane (BCF), and hydrogen fluoride. One or more selected from the group consisting of hydrogen fluoride, hydrogen bromide, carbonyl bromide, carbonyl fluoride, and hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) can be used.

Hydrofluorocarbons can be selected and used among the above-mentioned fire extinguishing materials, and in one embodiment of the present invention, microcapsules for fire extinguishing were manufactured using 3M's Novec 1230, a hydrofluorocarbon.

In addition to the fire extinguishing material, the core may further include an emulsifier, dispersant, surfactant, rust preventive, pH adjuster, or anti-moisture agent, which blocks the oxygen supply of the fire extinguishing material, cools the combustibles, or causes a combustion reaction to occur in chain. It may be further included by appropriately adjusting the amount so as not to affect the effect of terminating the combustion reaction by inactivating the substance.

The shell that surrounds the core to protect the extinguishing material of the core and improve chemical stability is not particularly limited and can be used as long as it is a synthetic resin that has the characteristic of disintegrating or melting at a temperature of 70 to 250 ° C, and is preferably ethylene-based monomer or styrene. It can be formed by polymerizing a monomer mixture containing at least one monomer selected from the group consisting of monomers, acrylic monomers, vinyl monomers, and nitrile monomers, and more preferably by copolymerization of a mixture of ethylene monomer and vinyl acetate monomer.

Additionally, when a mixture of ethylene monomer and vinyl acetate monomer is copolymerized to form a shell, ethylene may be formed in a ratio of 65 to 85% by weight and vinyl acetate may be formed in a ratio of 15 to 35% by weight.

Additionally, the shell may further include one or more gas barrier materials selected from the group consisting of montmorillonite, saponite, hectorite, beidellite, stibunsite, nontronite, vermiculite, halloysite, and swellable mica.

The gas barrier material is formed as a dispersed layer inside the polymerized polymer, and fills the gap in the free volume of the polymer to create a path for gas to move through. By making it complicated, it delays or retardates the penetration of gas, resulting in a similar or identical effect to blocking.

As the gas barrier material in the present invention, various known nano-sized clays can be used, but montmorillonite is preferably used. Montmorillonite is abundant in nature, can be used at low cost, and has a high aspect ratio. If nano-sized montmorillonite is used as a filler and dispersed within the shell, the free volume of the shell can be faithfully filled, thereby improving gas barrier properties.

In the present invention, montmorillonite may be nanoclay having a size of 900 nm or less.

The method of manufacturing a capsule containing the fire extinguishing material of the present invention by encapsulating the core in a shell is generally not particularly limited and can be used as long as it is a method of encapsulating any material by closing it using a synthetic resin.

For example, when manufacturing a capsule containing the fire extinguishing agent of the present invention, the monomer of AN (acrylonitrile) is used as a synthetic resin to manufacture the shell, and PVA (polyvinyl alcohol) is used as the fire extinguishing agent and dispersant. SDS (Sodium dodecyl sulfate) is used as a surfactant. And AIBN (Azobisisobutylnitrile) can be used as an initiator.

First, the extinguishing agent is dispersed with a dispersant, that is, a dispersion is prepared by adding 0.1 to 2 g of PVA (Polyvinyl alcohol) in 50 ml of water, and then 3M's Novec 1230, an extinguishing agent, is added to 100 ml of water at 20 to 60 degrees Celsius. ㎖ and 0.1 ~ 0.8 g of SDS were mixed and then added to the prepared dispersion to prepare a mixture by gently stirring in the reactor for 2 hours. Then, a shell solution containing 1 ~ 30 ㎖ of AN in 10 ㎖ of water was added to the dispersed mixture. Afterwards, a capsule containing the extinguishing agent can be prepared by additional stirring at about 1500 to 3000 rpm for 1 hour.

The shape of the capsule containing the extinguishing agent of the present invention is shown as an example in a spherical shape in Figure 1 or 2, but is not particularly limited and may have various shapes, preferably spherical, oval, cylindrical, or polygonal. It may be in the form of a capsule, and the size of the capsule is not particularly limited from ㎛ to mm, and is preferably about 0.01 to 10 ㎛, more preferably about 0.1 to 5 ㎛.

In capsules containing the extinguishing agent, when the external temperature rises above a predetermined temperature, the shell of the capsule is destroyed and the core inside the shell is released to the outside. The shell collapses depending on the type of polymer that makes up the shell. The melting or melting temperature can be controlled, and by controlling the thickness and size of the shell, the release rate of the extinguishing agent can also be controlled.

Therefore, the synthetic resin, thickness, and size of the shell of the capsule containing the extinguishing agent can be appropriately adjusted according to the usage mode, method of use, and environment of use in which the capsule is manufactured.

Meanwhile, another embodiment of the present invention is a composition with improved flame retardancy comprising a capsule containing an extinguishing agent, and may preferably include a coating composition and a capsule containing an extinguishing agent.

Since the capsule containing the extinguishing agent was specifically mentioned above, it will be omitted here.

The coating composition is generally not particularly limited and can be used as long as it is any resin binder or polymer resin that functions to protect the surface of the structure to be coated or is formed in the form of a sheet or film, but is preferably polyurea resin, polyurea resin, or polyurea resin. It may contain at least one selected from the group consisting of polyurethane resin, epoxy resin, polyamide resin, polyacryl resin, polyester resin, and polyether resin. The composition with improved flame retardancy comprising a capsule containing an extinguishing agent of the present invention may include a filler containing an organic pigment and/or an inorganic pigment in addition to the capsule containing the extinguishing agent in the coating composition, an anti-dripping agent, a plasticizer, and a heat stabilizer. , it may further include one or more selected from antioxidants, light stabilizers, compatibilizers, dyes, anti-settling agents, and dispersants.

Preferably, the materials included in the polymer resin in addition to the capsule containing the extinguishing agent are appropriately adjusted to an amount that does not affect the effect that can be obtained by forming a coating layer by coating the composition on the surface of the structure to be coated. More may be included.

Alternatively, it may further include one or more gas barrier materials selected from the group consisting of the above-described montmorillonite, saponite, hectorite, beidellite, stibunsite, nontronite, vermiculite, halloysite, and swellable mica.

In addition, the capsule containing the fire extinguishing substance included in the composition with improved flame retardancy containing the capsule containing the fire extinguishing substance may be contained in an amount of 10 to 50 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the polymer resin, and if contained in less than 10 parts by weight, the fire may occur. It may not be effective enough to prevent, and if it exceeds 50 parts by weight, adhesiveness may decrease during coating, which may cause the coating layer to peel off.

As an example, a composition with improved flame retardancy containing a capsule containing the fire extinguishing material of the present invention may be applied to the surface to be coated, that is, a substrate to form a coating layer, and the coating layer includes a capsule containing the fire extinguishing material. do.

As a result, the coating layer normally plays a role in protecting the surface of the target structure, but when a fire occurs and the surrounding temperature rises above a predetermined temperature, the shell of the capsule containing the fire extinguishing agent inside the coating layer disintegrates and the fire extinguishing agent is released. As this contained core is released to the outside, it can act as a barrier between the flame and combustibles to extinguish the fire in the early stage or prevent the fire from spreading.

In general, in the case of flame retardant compositions widely used on the market, materials with a flame retardant effect on polymer resins, fillers containing organic pigments and/or inorganic pigments, anti-dripping agents, plasticizers, heat stabilizers, antioxidants, light stabilizers, compatibilizers, It is manufactured by mixing various substances such as dyes, anti-settling agents, and dispersants, and when coated using this general flame retardant, there is a risk that the protective effect may be reduced as the material with a flame retardant effect does not completely adhere to the structural surface that is the original target of coating. In addition, over time, there was a problem that the physical properties of the flame retardant material changed or its function deteriorated due to chemical reactions between various substances contained in the coating or external factors introduced from the outside.

However, in the case of a composition with improved flame retardancy containing a capsule containing the fire extinguishing material of the present invention, in order to terminate the combustion reaction, it is necessary to block the oxygen supply, cool the combustibles, or deactivate the substances that cause the combustion reaction to occur in chain. Since the extinguishing agent that can be extinguished is coated with synthetic resin, contact with the outside is blocked, so there is less risk of the physical properties of the extinguishing agent changing or its activity decreasing over time. In addition, when included in the composition, there is no risk of damage between various substances. It has excellent storage stability and chemical stability by reducing chemical reactions.

Therefore, when a coating layer is formed by coating using a composition with improved flame retardancy containing a capsule containing the fire extinguishing material of the present invention, it normally serves to protect the surface of the target structure, but when a fire occurs, the temperature exceeds a predetermined temperature. When the ambient temperature rises, the shell of the capsule containing the fire extinguishing agent inside the coating layer disintegrates and the fire extinguishing agent is released to the outside, acting as a barrier between the flame and combustibles to extinguish the fire in the early stage or prevent the fire from spreading. You can.

Claims (9)

Coating composition; And a capsule containing the extinguishing agent;
The coating composition is,
A group consisting of polyurea resin, polyurethane resin, epoxy resin, polyamide resin, polyacryl resin, polyester resin, and polyether resin. In at least one polymer resin selected from among,
It further contains one or more selected from the group consisting of fillers containing organic pigments and/or inorganic pigments, anti-dripping agents, plasticizers, heat stabilizers, antioxidants, light stabilizers, compatibilizers, dyes, anti-settling agents, and dispersants,
The coating composition is,
It further comprises at least one gas barrier material selected from the group consisting of montmorillonite, saponite, hectorite, beidellite, stibunsite, nontronite, vermiculite, halloysite and swellable mica,
By using a gas barrier material with a size of 900 nm or less as a filler and dispersing it within the coating composition, it fills the gap in the free volume of the coating composition, allowing gas to pass through the path of gas through which gas can move. Delay or retardation of penetration,
The capsule is,
A core containing extinguishing material; and
It includes a shell that surrounds the core and disintegrates above a predetermined temperature,
The extinguishing agent includes hydrofluorocarbon (HFC),
The shell is formed by polymerizing a monomer mixture containing at least one monomer selected from the group consisting of ethylene-based monomer, styrene-based monomer, acrylic monomer, vinyl-based monomer, and nitrile-based monomer,
the shell is formed by copolymerization of a mixture of ethylene monomers and vinyl acetate monomers or of a mixture of acrylonitrile monomers and styrene monomers,
When the shell is formed by copolymerization of the ethylene monomer and vinyl acetate monomer mixture, the mixture contains 65 to 85% by weight of ethylene and 15 to 35% by weight of vinyl acetate,
A flame retardant composition comprising a capsule containing an extinguishing agent, wherein the capsule has one of a spherical, oval, cylindrical or polygonal shape. delete delete delete delete delete delete delete delete