KR102615084B1 - IoT system for monitoring underground power line - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an IoT system for monitoring long-distance underground distribution lines. More specifically, in underground distribution lines where power cables are laid in conduit buried underground, IoT sensors are used to monitor underground distribution lines in order to prevent secondary accidents in which power cables are damaged due to sinking of the conduit. However, it is about an IoT system that can monitor the entire section of underground distribution lines laid over long distances. In the present invention, an IoT sensing module connected to one end of a sensing line determines the distance between the sinking part of the conduit and the sinking point using data obtained by applying voltage to the sensing line at regular time intervals, and provides the judgment result and its own identification code. An alarm signal is generated and transmitted through Internet of Things communication, and since the alarm signal generated in one manhole is transmitted to the IoT detection module in another manhole and relayed, a monitoring system is installed for all sections of the long-distance underground distribution line. It can be built.

Description

IoT system for monitoring long-distance underground distribution lines {IoT system for monitoring underground power line}

The present invention relates to an IoT system for monitoring long-distance underground distribution lines. More specifically, in underground distribution lines where power cables are laid in conduit buried underground, IoT sensors are used to monitor underground distribution lines in order to prevent secondary accidents in which power cables are damaged due to sinking of the conduit. However, it is about an IoT system that can comprehensively monitor all sections of underground distribution lines laid over long distances. In the present invention, an IoT sensing module connected to one end of a sensing line determines the distance between the sinking part of the conduit and the sinking point using data obtained by applying voltage to the sensing line at regular time intervals, and provides the judgment result and its own identification code. An alarm signal is generated and transmitted through Internet of Things communication, and since the alarm signal generated in one manhole is transmitted to the IoT detection module in another manhole and relayed, a monitoring system is installed for all sections of the long-distance underground distribution line. It can be built.

Underground distribution lines are constructed in various forms, including direct-buried distribution lines that bury power cables directly underground, duct-type distribution lines that bury power cables underground and then insert power cables into the conduit, and underground utility or underground power conduits. A variety of methods are used, such as a culvert-type distribution line that creates and lays power cables on cable hangers installed within a utility or power conduit. Recently, there has been an increase in the number of culvert-type distribution lines that are installed by constructing and installing underground utility or underground power outlets from the design stage of the city, but a significant portion of underground distribution lines are still duct-type, that is, power cables are connected to power conduits using conduits buried in the ground. The laying method is used. In particular, short-distance distribution lines or intra-premises lines are mostly installed in a duct type.

However, underground pipes are essential for the duct system, and underground pipes such as power pipes and water and sewage pipes are exposed to the risk of subsidence for various reasons. Underground pipes subside for various reasons, such as soil movement, among which movement of soil or soil is one of the common causes of underground pipe subsidence. Earth movement refers to the shaking or erosion of the soil around underground structures, which can destabilize underground pipes or underground structures and cause them to move to deeper and deeper locations. In addition, underground construction activities such as road or subway construction or excavation work for new building construction are also a major cause of underground pipe subsidence.

Additionally, fluctuations in groundwater levels may cause subsidence of underground pipes. When groundwater is suddenly depleted due to excessive extraction or other causes, the space occupied by groundwater becomes empty and the ground above it rapidly subsides. This causes underground pipes to gradually move downward from the ground, causing severe damage. In this case, sinkholes, etc. may occur, causing subsidence and damage in an exposed state. In addition, earthquakes or ground movements can also affect underground pipes.

For these various reasons, underground pipes can easily sink, which can cause problems in various underground infrastructure, including power cables, communication cables, and water pipes. Therefore, attention must be paid to the design, management, and maintenance of underground structures, and constant monitoring activities are required. In particular, in the case of underground distribution lines, if the conduit subsides and is deformed or damaged, this can cause secondary accidents such as damage or damage to the power cables laid inside or fire, so special caution is required.

Figure 1 shows a plan view of a typical underground distribution line installed in a conduit. As shown in Figure 1, the underground distribution line has a structure in which a manhole 10 installed underground and a conduit 20 connecting the manholes 10 are buried, and a power cable 30 is laid in the conduit 20. . Such an underground distribution line first performs construction to install the manhole 10 and the conduit 20 underground, and then inserts a wire into the conduit between the manhole 10 and the manhole 10. ) By connecting the power cable 30 to the end of the wire on one side and pulling the wire on the other side, the power cable 30 can be installed by entering the conduit.

However, since the length of the power cable 30 is limited, a connection point 31 between the power cables 30 occurs in the middle, and the connection point 31 is mostly located within the manhole 10. I do it. When connecting the power cables 30 to each other at the connection point 31, a connection sleeve (not shown), etc. may be used, a cable head (not shown), etc. may be used, or various other connection devices may be used to connect them. do.

And when the ground is normal, the conduit 20 is buried between the manhole 10 and the manhole 10 in an almost horizontal state parallel to the ground surface G.L. Of course, if there is a difference in elevation between the manhole 10 and the manhole 10, it is buried at an angle, but this also maintains a straight line inclined parallel to the ground surface (G.L.). However, when a sinkhole 35 or the like occurs and the conduit 20 sinks, the conduit 20 is deformed and bent downward, and the power cable 30 contained in the conduit 20 is also deformed accordingly. do.

However, as shown in the middle part of FIG. 1, when the conduit 20a and the power cable 30a are deformed and change from a straight line to a curved line, the path becomes longer, so the conduit 20a and the power cable 30a Tensile force is generated by pulling force from both sides. At this time, in the case of the conduit (20a), since corrugated pipes, etc. are used, it is elastic and may stretch somewhat, but if the settlement becomes severe, the conduit (20a) may be damaged. In addition, in the case of the power cable (30a), because it lacks elasticity compared to the conduit (20a), a significant tensile force is generated in the power cable (30a), thereby increasing the risk of damage to the power cable (30a). . In particular, since the connection point 31 is weak against tensile force, there is a very high risk of damage due to tension applied to the connection sleeve or cable head, which increases the risk of secondary accidents such as disconnection, short circuit, or ground fault at the connection point 31a. It becomes higher.

Since the sinking of underground conduit pipes of underground distribution lines can cause serious secondary accidents, there is a need to monitor, monitor, and inspect them with special attention on a regular basis. A technology that can monitor underground pipes includes a technology that observes the ground surface. When an underground pipe subsides, changes may appear in the ground surface, and these changes are measured within the tolerance range of the ground surface. Subsidence is measured by measuring ground surface intervals. can be detected. This can be accomplished using markers installed on the earth's surface or a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) that tracks the location of the marker. In addition, when subsidence occurs, there may be a change in the slope of the underground pipe. There is also a technology that can indirectly determine the settlement of the underground pipe by detecting the change in slope based on the horizontal plane using an inclinometer. However, these methods are not only impossible to use in places with frequent traffic of vehicles or people, such as roads, but also require installing and monitoring numerous markers and inclinometers, so they cannot be applied except in very specific places.

There is also a technology that precisely measures and monitors the shape and location of underground pipes using laser scanning or 3D scanning technology. This uses a laser scanner to scan the terrain around the underground pipe and creates a 3D model to check for subsidence. There will be. However, this is a method that can only be used in special cases, such as when regular monitoring is impossible and a subsidence accident is suspected.

Additionally, there is a method of directly measuring the displacement of the underground pipe, which involves installing a displacement measuring device in the underground pipe to measure the displacement of the underground pipe. This displacement measuring device is installed in or around an underground pipe and monitors it by detecting and recording the displacement. However, this also has the problem of being difficult to apply unless it is an underground pipe that requires special management because it is difficult to accurately monitor and is expensive unless a displacement measuring device is installed throughout the entire section of the underground pipe where there is a risk of subsidence.

Specifically, as a prior art related to this, there is Korean Patent Publication No. 10-2018-0102898 (2018. 09. 18), a sensor and sensing method for detecting deformation and damage signs, and a manufacturing method thereof, which includes the electrical resistance value of the sensor. It relates to a sensor element that can detect deformation of a structure using . And Korean Patent No. 10-2171735 (2020.10.29) relates to an inversion tube for pipe repair with a deformation or floating settlement monitoring function and an inversion pipe repair device using the same, which detects deformation or floating settlement using an optical fiber sensor. It is about a device that does. In addition, Korean Patent No. 10-0983015 (2010.09.17) relates to a device for detecting damage to underground electric wires for distribution in apartment complexes, and relates to a device that detects damage to underground electric wires using a wire and a pressure sensor.

Meanwhile, MQTT (Message Queuing Telemetry Transport) is a lightweight protocol for IoT communication and is an Internet protocol that operates in an environment with limited network bandwidth and client device resources. MQTT is designed for Internet of Things (IoT) and Machine-to-Machine (M2M) communications and is used to quickly transfer data between low-power devices and devices with limited network connectivity. And MQTT operates based on the client/server model and uses the publish-subscribe messaging pattern. In this pattern, the publisher publishes messages about a specific topic, and the subscriber subscribes to the topic of interest and receives messages about that topic.

And in MQTT, there is a concept called a broker, which mediates connections between clients and delivers messages. It operates in a none TCP/IP environment between the MQTT broker and the publish device. However, it operates on the TCP/IP protocol for simple and efficient message delivery between the MQTT broker and the server or subscribe device. This enables efficient communication using small packet sizes and minimal bandwidth. In addition, MQTT is connection-oriented and has the advantage of providing functions for low-power devices to minimize energy consumption and enable stable communication. Prior technology related to MQTT includes Korean Patent No. 10-2129456 (2020.07.02), which concerns an MQTT protocol-based server system in an Internet of Things environment. However, because the existing MQTT is optimized for M2M-based communication that presupposes numerous messages exchanged between a large number of client devices and a large number of brokers, only a small number of messages are transmitted between a relatively small number of client devices and a small number of brokers. This requires some customization.

Meanwhile, wireless communication networks are generally used in IoT communication, but there are also various technologies for implementing the Internet of Things (IoT) using wired communication networks. These technologies are applied to various industrial fields considering reliability, bandwidth, power consumption, etc. These communication methods include Ethernet, Power Line Communication (PLC), DSL (Digital Subscriber Line), and optical fiber. (Fiber Optic), etc.

Among them, Ethernet is the most common wired network technology and transmits data using copper wires or optical fiber cables. Ethernet connects network devices to enable data communication, and the Internet of Things often uses Ethernet to connect devices and transmit data. Recently, a protocol called PoE (Power over Ethernet) has emerged, and technology to transmit power to IoT sensors through a single data line has also been developed and utilized. The prior technology for implementing the Internet of Things using PoE is a Korean registered patent. There is No. 10-2546893 (June 23, 2023).

Power Line Communication (PLC) is a technology that transmits data using wires in the electric distribution network. PLC transmits data through power lines, so there is no need to build a separate communication infrastructure. It is mainly used in home, commercial, and industrial power grids. PLC can be used to connect IoT devices and transmit data. Prior technology for implementing the Internet of Things with PLC includes Korea Registered Patent No. 10-2083114 (April 23, 2020).

And DSL (Digital Subscriber Line) is a technology that provides high-speed Internet connections through phone lines. DSL transmits data using a high frequency band on a phone line, making it possible to connect IoT devices using existing phone infrastructure. DSL is mainly used in homes and offices, and IoT devices are also connected to the Internet through DSL. You can connect and exchange data. Additionally, Fiber Optic is a technology that transmits data using light, providing high-speed bandwidth and multi-mode or single-mode transmission. Optical fiber is suitable for long-distance communication and is a technology suitable for the IoT environment where large amounts of data must be processed. These above technologies provide a method to connect various devices and transmit data using a wired communication network in the Internet of Things. IoT solutions based on wired communication networks are being developed and applied in various fields such as industrial automation, smart homes, and smart cities.

Republic of Korea Patent Publication No. 10-2018-0102898 (2018.09.18) Republic of Korea Patent No. 10-2171735 (2020.10.29) Republic of Korea Patent No. 10-0983015 (2010.09.17) Republic of Korea Patent No. 10-2129456 (2020.07.02) Republic of Korea Patent No. 10-0821989 (April 15, 2008) Republic of Korea Patent No. 10-2546893 (2023.06.23.) Republic of Korea Patent No. 10-2083114 (2020. 04. 23)

The present invention, which was created to solve the above-mentioned problems, applies voltage to the detection line containing the IoT sensor in order to prevent secondary accidents in which power cables are damaged due to sinking of the conduit in a conduit-type underground distribution line. The purpose is to provide a long-distance underground distribution line monitoring IoT system that can monitor pipe settlement throughout the entire section of the underground distribution line using the obtained IoT sensor data.

The present invention also provides a long-distance underground system that can monitor pipeline subsidence using IoT sensor data transmitted from a detection line, so that subsidence can be quickly and accurately detected at the initial stage when the underground pipeline of an underground distribution line begins to subside. The purpose is to provide a distribution line monitoring IoT system.

The present invention also aims to provide a long-distance underground distribution line monitoring IoT system that can accurately find the location of the subsidence and provide it to managers, etc. when the subsidence of the underground distribution line pipe is detected.

The present invention also provides IoT for monitoring long-distance underground distribution lines that can be constructed relatively simply at an economical cost, even without using expensive and complex methods such as laser scanning, 3D scanning technology, or displacement measurement using multiple displacement sensors. The purpose is to provide a system.

The present invention also aims to provide a long-distance underground distribution line monitoring IoT system that can report subsidence of an underground distribution line using only two sensing lines, rather than using multiple complex sensing lines.

The present invention also aims to provide a long-distance underground distribution line monitoring IoT system that can notify the monitoring server through Internet of Things communication when the pipe of the underground distribution line sinks.

The present invention also allows for monitoring pipe subsidence throughout the entire section of a long-distance underground distribution line without a separate IoT infrastructure by relaying an alarm signal through a detection line when an underground distribution line is laid over a long distance. The purpose is to provide an IoT system for monitoring long-distance underground distribution lines.

The present invention also aims to provide a long-distance underground distribution line monitoring IoT system that can quickly and accurately inform whether the underground distribution line has subsided by optimizing and communicating with the Internet of Things communication protocol.

The purpose of the present invention is also to provide a long-distance underground distribution line monitoring IoT system that can monitor the subsidence of the underground distribution line from the monitoring server even after the power of the Internet of Things detection module is depleted and communication is impossible.

The present invention also makes it possible to minimize power consumption due to the operation of the monitoring module, thereby prolonging the life of the battery when using a battery as an operating power source, thereby reducing the time and cost required for inspection and maintenance of the monitoring module. The purpose is to provide an IoT system for monitoring long-distance underground distribution lines.

The technical problems to be achieved by the present invention are not limited to the technical problems mentioned above, and other technical problems not mentioned can be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the description below. There will be.

The present invention, which was created to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, uses an IoT sensor to prevent damage to the power cable 30 caused by sinking of the conduit 20 in a duct-type underground distribution line. It is a system that monitors the subsidence of a distribution line pipe, and is installed inside the conduit 20 like the power cable 30. It is made of two strands, and when a tensile force exceeding a certain limit is applied, one or more strands are disconnected. , a detection line 100 in which a plurality of first sensors 110 are connected in parallel at intervals of a first length d; A shorting connector (200) for electrically short-circuiting the two strands at one end of a sensing line (100) installed between two adjacent manholes (10); It includes a second sensor 410, and is connected to the side opposite to the side to which the short-circuit connector 200 is connected among both ends of the one sensing line 100, and detects the first sensor ( 110) and a sensor voltage control module 400 capable of applying different voltages to the second sensor 410; It is connected to the sensor voltage control module 400 and uses signals sent from the first sensor 110 and the second sensor 410 to determine whether the conduit 20 has settled and the distance to the point of settlement ( ), and if it is determined that the conduit 20 has settled, its identification code and the distance to the sinking point ( ) an IoT detection module 300 that generates and transmits an alarm signal including; And the alarm signal transmitted by the IoT detection module 300 can be received, and when the alarm signal is received, the installation location of the IoT detection module 300 that transmitted the alarm signal and the distance to the subsidence point ( ); a monitoring server 500 that generates subsidence information including and displays it so that the manager can see it; wherein each of the plurality of first sensors 110 has a first voltage ( ) is applied, the first signal containing its ID ( ) is generated and transmitted, and the second sensor 410 generates and transmits the second voltage ( ) is approved, a second signal containing its ID ( ) is generated and transmitted, and the IoT detection module, - the first signal ( ), the second signal ( ) and a signal receiver 310 capable of receiving an alarm signal transmitted by another IoT detection module 300b through the one detection line 100; - A power application unit 340 capable of applying voltage to the sensor voltage control module 400; - The second signal ( ) is used to determine whether the conduit 20 has settled, and the first signal ( ) and the distance to the sinking point using the first length (d) ( ) a control unit 350 that determines; - A signal generator 320 that repeatedly generates the warning signal at first time intervals when the control unit 350 determines that the conduit 20 has settled; And - It is connected not to the one detection line 100, but to another detection line 100c in the same manhole, and transmits an alarm signal generated by the signal generator or an alarm signal transmitted by another IoT detection module 300b. It includes a signal transmitting unit 330 that transmits through Internet of Things communication through another detection line 100c, and the control unit 350 controls the power application unit 340 to transmit a third signal at a second time interval. The second voltage ( ) is applied, and - the second voltage ( ) is applied, the second signal ( ) is received, it is determined that the conduit 20 has settled, - if it is determined that the conduit 20 has settled, the first signal simultaneously received from the signal receiver 310 ( ) and the distance to the sinking point using the first length (d) ( ), and - when the signal receiver 310 receives an alarm signal transmitted by the other IoT detection module 300b, it is controlled to relay and transmit it through the signal transmitter 330. , it is desirable to use an IoT system to monitor long-distance underground distribution lines.

In addition to the above-described features, the present invention also provides the sensor voltage control module 400 with the second voltage ( ) is applied, - at both ends of the second sensor 410, the second voltage ( ) is applied, - no voltage is applied to both ends of each of the plurality of first sensors 110, and the sensor voltage control module 400 operates in a state where the disconnection point (X) is present among the sensing lines 100. To the second voltage ( ) is applied, - at both ends of the second sensor 410, the second voltage ( ) lower third voltage ( ) is applied, and - the first voltage ( ) is applied, and - voltage is not applied to both ends of the first sensors 110 between the disconnection point (X) and the shorting connector 200 among the plurality of first sensors 110. , it is also desirable to use an IoT system to monitor long-distance underground distribution lines.

In addition to the features described above, the sensor voltage control module 400 includes a Zener diode 420 connected between two strands of the sensing line 100; and - a Zener resistor 430 connected between one end of the Zener diode 420 and the IoT detection module 300, wherein the second sensor 410 is connected to both ends of the Zener resistor 430. It is connected in parallel, and the first voltage is applied to the sensor voltage control module 400 when the sensing line 100 is disconnected. ) is applied, the Zener voltage ( ), and the third voltage ( ) is the second voltage ( ), the Zener voltage ( ) minus the voltage ( ), it is also desirable to use an IoT system for monitoring long-distance underground distribution lines.

In addition to the above-described features, the present invention also provides that, when it is determined that the conduit 20 has sunk, the control unit 350 controls the distance to the sinking position ( ) is calculated as follows,

n is the first signal received from the signal receiver 310 ( ) is the number, and d is the first length. It is also desirable to use a long-distance underground distribution line monitoring IoT system.

In addition to the above-described features, the present invention also has a fixing part 160 at one end of both ends of the one sensing line 100, which is fixed to the conduit 20, and the one sensing line 100 ), the outer shell of which has step portions 150 at second length intervals, wherein the step portions 150 are shaped like truncated cones whose diameter increases toward the fixing portion 160. In a monitoring IoT system, the conduit (20) is an auxiliary conduit (25) that penetrates between the outer circumference and the inner circumference along the longitudinal direction or is coupled to the outside of the outer circumference, separately from the main conduit (22) in which the power cable (30) is installed. ), the detection line 100 is not installed in the main pipe 22 like the power cable 30, but is installed separately in the auxiliary pipe 25, and the single detection line 100 It is also desirable to use the entire system as a long-distance underground distribution line monitoring IoT system, which is characterized by being attached and fixed to the inner peripheral surface 26 of the auxiliary pipe 25.

The present invention also provides that, in addition to the above-described features, the IoT communication is IoT communication using the MQTT (Message Queuing Telemetry Transport) protocol, and further includes an MQTT broker 600 that relays the alarm signal, and the signal The transmitter 330 transmits the alarm signal to the MQTT broker 600 through the other detection line 100c, and the monitoring server 500 receives the alarm signal through the MQTT broker 600. , the above warning signal includes - LWT (Last Will Testament), which contains a message indicating that communication has been interrupted due to subsidence, and - the name of the distribution line in a hierarchical structure and the above identification code are combined to supply line name/trunk line name/ It is also desirable to use a long-distance underground distribution line monitoring IoT system characterized by including a topic in the form of branch line name/branch line name/identification code.

As discussed above, the present invention inserts a detection wire that breaks when a tensile force exceeding a certain limit is applied into the inside of the conduit, so that when the conduit sinks and the conduit is deformed, it is detected by the tensile force applied to both ends of the detection wire. In addition to ensuring that the wire is disconnected, the IoT detection module, which monitors the detection wire for disconnection, monitors the detection wire and generates an alarm signal when the detection wire is disconnected. Therefore, when the conduit begins to sink, before the power cable is damaged, It has the effect of quickly and accurately detecting the settlement of the conduit.

In addition, the sensing wire included in the present invention is made of two strands, and when a tensile force exceeding a certain limit is applied, one or more strands are broken, and one of the two ends of the sensing wire installed between two adjacent manholes is It includes a shorting connector that electrically shorts the two strands, and on the other side, a sensor voltage control module including a second sensor, a type of IoT sensor, is connected, and the IoT detection module is connected to the sensor voltage control module. And, the control unit included in the IoT detection module controls the power application unit at second time intervals to apply voltage to the sensor voltage control module, and while applying the voltage, the second sensor emits a second signal ( ) is not transmitted, it also has a configuration that determines the sinking of the conduit. Therefore, it is possible to detect and warn of sinking of a conduit through a simple configuration without the need for expensive and complicated devices such as multiple displacement detection sensors or expensive scanners.

In addition, in the detection line included in the present invention, a first sensor, which is a type of IoT sensor, is connected in parallel at an interval of a first length (d), and the sensor voltage control module detects the first sensor and the second sensor according to the state of the detection line. It is a configuration that can apply different voltages to each sensor. And, each of the first sensors has a first voltage ( ) is applied, the first signal containing its ID ( ) is created and transmitted. In addition, the control unit applies the second voltage ( ) is controlled to apply power, and when a disconnection occurs in the sensing line, the sensor voltage control module 400 generates a first voltage ( ) is approved.

Therefore, the control unit applies the second voltage ( ) is simultaneously received through the signal receiver while applying the first signal ( ) and the distance to the settlement point using the first length (d) ( ) and has the feature of sending an alarm signal including this to the monitoring server. Therefore, the distance from the monitoring server to the identification code of the IoT detection module and the subsidence point ( ), it is possible to quickly and accurately find the location of the conduit sinking, which has the effect of allowing managers, etc. to find the exact location where the conduit has sunk and take necessary measures.

In addition, since the present invention has a sensor voltage control module that can apply different voltages to the first sensor and the second sensor depending on the state of the sensing line, the sensor The second voltage ( ) is applied, the second voltage ( ) is applied, no voltage is applied to both ends of each of the plurality of first sensors, and the second voltage ( ) is applied, the second voltage ( ) lower third voltage ( ) is applied, and the first voltage ( ) is applied, and it is possible to implement the feature that no voltage is applied to both ends of the first sensors between the disconnection point (X) and the short circuit connector. In other words, the voltage applied to the first sensor and the second sensor can be applied differently depending on whether the sensing line is disconnected, so the signal sent from the first sensor and the second sensor is used to determine the distance between the conduit settlement and the subsidence point ( ) can be determined quickly and accurately.

For example, if the conduit does not sink, there is no disconnection point (X) in the sensing line, so the second voltage ( ) is applied and the second signal ( ) is transmitted, and the control unit determines that the conduit has not settled accordingly. If settlement occurs and a disconnection point (X) occurs in the detection line, a second voltage ( ) lower third voltage ( ) is applied, so the second signal ( ) is not transmitted, and the control unit determines that the conduit has sunk.

And, if the conduit does not sink and there is no disconnection point (X) in the sensing line, voltage is not applied to both ends of the first sensor and the first signal ( ) is not transmitted, and if the conduit sinks and a disconnection point (X) occurs, the first voltage ( ) is applied, so the first signal ( ) is transmitted. Therefore, the control unit sends the first signal ( ) and the distance to the settlement point using the first length (d) ( ) can be determined. Accordingly, whether the conduit has settled and the distance to the point of settlement ( ) has the effect of being able to judge quickly and accurately without error.

The present invention also implements the above configuration in which the sensor voltage control module can apply different voltages to the first sensor and the second sensor depending on the state of the sensing line, using one Zener diode and one Zener resistor. Since it only requires a simple and economical cost, it is effective in providing a surveillance system.

In addition, the signal receiver of the IoT detection module included in the present invention receives the second signal transmitted by the second sensor of the sensor voltage control module to which it is connected and the first sensor of the detection line connected to it ( ) 1st signal ( ), it can also receive alarm signals transmitted by other IoT detection modules, and the signal transmitter is connected to “another detection line in the same manhole, not the detection line to which the signal receiver is connected” to send an alarm signal. When the signal receiver receives the alarm signal sent by another IoT detection module, the control unit also has the feature of controlling it to relay and transmit it through the signal transmitter. Therefore, the alarm signal transmitted from one IoT detection module continues to be sequentially relayed by wire through the detection line and other IoT detection modules, allowing it to reach the manhole where the gateway or MQTT broker is installed in the underground distribution line. In the MQTT broker, the relayed alarm signal can be transmitted to the monitoring server. Therefore, the present invention can provide a comprehensive distribution line monitoring system that monitors all sections of underground distribution lines without a separate IoT infrastructure in manholes or conduits.

The present invention also has an auxiliary pipe that penetrates between the outer circumference and the inner circumference along the longitudinal direction or is coupled to the outside of the outer circumference, separately from the main conduit through which the power cable is laid, in the conduit, and the detection line is connected to the main conduit like the power cable. It may have the characteristic of being installed separately in the auxiliary pipe instead of being installed in the auxiliary pipe. In this case, one entire sensing wire has the characteristic of being attached and fixed to the inner circumferential surface of the auxiliary pipe, so if the conduit is deformed due to settlement of the conduit, it may occur. At the very point where deformation occurs, the maximum tensile force pulling the sensing wire occurs. Therefore, when there is deformation of the conduit, the detection wire is disconnected at the point where the deformation occurs, which has the effect of immediately and accurately detecting the sinking position of the conduit.

The present invention also provides that, in the case of laying a sensing line together with a power cable, one of the two ends of a sensing line installed between manholes has a fixing part fixed to the conduit at one point, Steps are formed on the outer shell of one sensing wire at second length intervals, and since the steps are characterized by a truncated cone shape with a diameter that increases toward the fixed part, if there is deformation in the conduit due to the sinking of the conduit, the deformation occurs immediately. At that point, the maximum tensile force pulling the sensing wire occurs. Therefore, when there is deformation of the conduit, the detection wire is disconnected at the point where the deformation occurs, which has the effect of immediately and accurately detecting the sinking position of the conduit.

In addition, the IoT detection module included in the present invention transmits an alarm signal through Internet of Things communication. The IoT communication protocol used in the present invention uses the MQTT (Message Queuing Telemetry Transport) protocol, and accordingly, the IoT detection module transmits an alarm signal to the MQTT broker, and the monitoring server receives the alarm signal through the MQTT broker. The LWT (Last Will Testament) included in the alarm signal contains the meaning “communication was interrupted due to subsidence.” Because it has a structure that includes a message, even if the IoT monitoring module's power is depleted due to repeated transmission of the alarm signal and the transmission of the alarm signal is stopped, the monitoring server has the effect of being able to know the reason for the interruption. there is.

In addition, the topic included in the alarm signal is included in the form of feeder line name/main line name/branch line name/branch line name/identification code by combining the name of the hierarchically structured distribution line and the identification code of the IoT detection module, so there are numerous IoT From the perspective of the monitoring server that receives the message from the detection module, it is possible to find only the Topic with an error status code and find the installation location of the IoT monitoring module with the corresponding identification code in the distribution line. Therefore, the distribution line where the conduit has sunk and the You can quickly find the location. In addition, it becomes possible to determine the subsidence status of a specific main line or branch line as a whole, or to determine the overall status of subsidence at specific times.

Figure 1 is a side cross-sectional view of an underground distribution line to which the present invention is applied.
Figure 2 is a side cross-sectional view of an underground distribution line to explain the concept of the sensing line included in the present invention.
Figure 3 is a perspective view showing various embodiments of the sensing line included in the present invention.
Figure 4 shows the connection relationship between the sensing line, IoT sensing module, sensor voltage control module, and shorting connector included in the present invention.
Figure 5 shows the detailed configuration of the IoT detection module included in the present invention.
Figure 6 illustrates the concept of relaying an alarm signal through another detection line in the present invention.
Figure 7 is a diagram for explaining the concept of determining the settlement of a conduit and the distance to the point of settlement.
Figure 8 shows another embodiment of the sensing line included in the present invention.
Figure 9 is a diagram for explaining the principle of disconnection of the sensing line installed in the auxiliary pipe in the present invention.
Figure 10 shows an example of hierarchical structure of distribution line names for inclusion in the Topic in the present invention.
Figure 11 shows a conceptual diagram of the MQTT protocol applied to the present invention.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail so that the above-mentioned purpose and features become clear, so that those skilled in the art will be able to easily implement the technical idea of the present invention. In addition, when describing the present invention, if a detailed description of the known technology related to the present invention is already well known in the technical field, and it is judged that the detailed description of the known technology may unnecessarily obscure the gist of the present invention, the detailed description will be provided. Decided to omit it.

In addition, the terms used in the present invention are general terms that are currently widely used as much as possible, but in certain cases, there are terms arbitrarily selected by the applicant, and in this case, the meaning is described in detail in the description of the relevant invention, so it is a simple term. We would like to make it clear that the present invention should be understood by the meaning of the term, not by its name. Terms used in the description of the embodiments are merely used to describe specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Singular expressions include plural expressions unless the context clearly dictates otherwise.

The embodiments can be modified in various forms and have various additional embodiments, where specific embodiments are shown in the drawings and related detailed descriptions are described. However, this is not intended to limit the embodiments to a specific form, and should be understood to include all changes, equivalents, or substitutes included in the spirit and technical scope of the embodiments.

In the description of various embodiments, expressions such as “first,” “second,” “first,” or “second” may modify various elements of the embodiments, but do not limit the elements. For example, the above expressions do not limit the order and/or importance of the corresponding components. The above expressions can be used to distinguish one component from another.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described with reference to the attached drawings. Figure 1 is a special cross-sectional view from the side of an underground distribution line to which the present invention is applied. As shown in Figure 1, the underground distribution line has a structure in which a manhole 10 installed underground and a conduit 20 connecting the manhole 10 are buried, and a power cable 30 is laid inside the conduit 20. am. Such an underground distribution line first installs a manhole (10), buries a conduit (20) between the manholes (10), and then installs a conduit (20) between the manholes (10) and the manhole (10). By inserting a pulling wire (not shown) to connect the power cable (30) to the end of the wire in one manhole (10) and pulling the wire from the opposite manhole (10) to a pulling machine (not shown), the power cable (30) is It can be attached to the conduit (20) and installed.

However, since the power cable 30 is limited in length, many connection points 31 between the power cables 30 occur in the middle, and most of the connection points 31 are located within the manhole 10. . When connecting the power cables 30 to each other at the connection point 31 of the manhole 10, a connection sleeve (not shown), etc. may be used, a cable head (not shown), etc. may be used, or various other connection devices may be used. It can also be connected.

Meanwhile, when the ground inside the ground surface G.L. is normal, the conduit 20 is buried between the manholes 10 and the manhole 10 in an almost horizontal state parallel to the ground surface G.L. Of course, if there is a difference in elevation between the manhole 10 and the manhole 10, it is buried at an angle, but this also maintains a straight line inclined parallel to the ground surface (G.L.). However, as shown in the middle part of FIG. 1, when a sinkhole 35 or the like occurs and the conduit 20a sinks, the conduit 20a is deformed and bent downward, and thus enters the conduit 20a. The power cable 30a is also deformed.

When the conduit (20a) and the power cable (30a) are deformed and changed into curves, the path becomes longer, so a force that is pulled from the deformed part, that is, a tensile force, is applied to both ends of the conduit (20a) and the power cable (30a). This occurs. At this time, in the case of the conduit 20, since corrugated pipes, etc. are used, it has elasticity and may stretch somewhat (however, it is damaged when the settlement becomes severe). However, in the case of the power cable 30a, compared to the conduit 20a, Because of the lack of elasticity, significant tensile force is generated at both ends of the power cable 30, thereby increasing the risk of damage to the power cable 30a. In addition, since the connection point 31a is particularly weak against the above-described tensile force, the risk of damage due to tension applied to the connection sleeve or cable head is very high, and as a result, disconnection, short circuit, or ground fault occurs in the manhole 10a where the connection point 31a is located. The risk of secondary accidents increases.

The present invention, created to solve this problem, is a duct-type underground distribution line in which a power cable 30 is laid in a conduit 20 buried underground, due to the sinking of the conduit 20, causing the power cable ( As a monitoring system to prevent secondary accidents in which 30) is damaged, a detection line 100 is inserted into the conduit 20 like the power cable 30, and the detection line 100 is detected according to the sinking of the conduit 20. (100) is pulled to cause a disconnection, and the IoT detection module (300) detects this, generates an alarm signal, and transmits it to the monitoring server (500) through Internet of Things communication. The concept of the detection line 100 according to the present invention is shown in Figures 2 and 3.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the detection line 100 included in the present invention is installed inside the conduit 20 like the power cable 30, but is made of two strands and exceeds a certain limit. It is desirable to use a wire made of a material that can be easily broken in the middle when a tensile force, that is, a pulling force from both sides, is applied. As shown in Figures 2 and 3(a), the detection line 100 is located inside the conduit 20 like the power cable 30, along the same direction parallel to the power cable 30. It is advisable to let it sit. In addition, when the ground subsides due to movement of soil or sinkholes 35, and the conduit 20 also subsides accordingly, and the conduit 20a is deformed and turns into a curve as shown in the middle part of FIG. 2, the conduit 20a A tensile force exceeding the certain limit, that is, a force pulling to both sides, is applied to the sensing line (100a) placed inside (20a), causing a break (X) to occur in the sensing line (100a). (hereinafter, the place where the disconnection (X) occurs is referred to as the disconnection point (X)). Here, the 'certain limit' refers to the 'permissible length range' within which the conduit (20a) can be extended to some extent when it is deformed due to sinking of the conduit (20a), so that the detection line (100a) is It is desirable to set a limit to the above-mentioned tensile force so that it breaks if it exceeds the ‘permissible length range’.

Since the detection line 100 is preferably placed together with the power cable 30 as shown in FIG. 3(a), the detection line 100 is placed within the conduit 20 along with the power cable 30. This results in many places being pressed or stuck. Therefore, when the conduit 20 begins to deform, before the tensile force pulling from the vicinity of both manholes 10, which are both ends of the sensing line 100, is generated, a partial tensile force occurs at the place where the conduit 20 is deformed. This occurs first, and accordingly, there is a high probability that the disconnection point (X) will occur first in the place where the conduit 20 is most deformed. In some cases, multiple disconnection points (X) may occur here and there on the sensing line 100. When the wire conduit 20 sinks in this way and the disconnection point ( It is desirable to calculate the sinking point of ) and send it to the monitoring server 500 by including it in an alarm signal. To this end, as shown in FIG. 2, the IoT detection module 300 and the sensor voltage control module 400 are installed on one end of one of the detection lines 100 drawn out from the manhole 10, It is desirable to attach a short-circuit connector 200 to the opposite detection line 100. In the present invention, in transmitting the alarm signal, another IoT detection module 300 and another detection line 100 connected to it are used. , Through this, it is possible to relay to the monitoring server 500. For this purpose, it is desirable to connect the IoT detection module 300 and the shorting connector 200 connected to the detection line on the opposite side through a signal transmission line 338. In addition, it is also desirable to include a coupling means 339 made of a coupling condenser or the like in the middle of the signal transmission line 338 for smooth transmission of the warning signal. Details regarding the relaying of the warning signal will be described later.

Meanwhile, Figures 3(b) and 3(c) show embodiments in which the sensing line 100 is laid in different ways in the present invention. The conduit 20 used in these embodiments is a conduit 20 having an auxiliary conduit 25. That is, apart from the main conduit 22 through which the power cable 30 enters the conduit 20, an auxiliary conduit 25 into which the detection line 100 can be inserted is formed, and the auxiliary conduit 25 ) so that the sensing line 100 is built into the conduit 20, and as the conduit 20 settles, the conduit 20 and the auxiliary conduit 25 are deformed, thereby generating a tensile force in the sensing line 100. This is an embodiment in which the sensing line 100 is disconnected by being pulled. Therefore, the auxiliary conduit 25 is formed by penetrating between the outer circumferential surface and the inner circumferential surface along the longitudinal direction of the conduit 20, or the auxiliary conduit 25 is formed by coupling and fixing it to the outside of the outer circumferential surface of the conduit 20. It is also desirable to form . Figure 3(b) shows an embodiment in which the auxiliary pipe 25 penetrates between the outer peripheral surface and the inner peripheral surface, and Figure 3(c) shows an embodiment in which the auxiliary pipe 25 protrudes outside the outer peripheral surface.

When burying the conduit 20 in this embodiment having the auxiliary conduit 25, it is preferable to bury the auxiliary conduit 25 so that it is located below the conduit 20. In the case of construction in this way, when the conduit (20) sinks and is deformed into a curve, the conduit (20) bends downward and the length of the lower part increases, so a tensile force is applied to the detection wire (100) built into the auxiliary conduit (25). Since this acts more strongly, the accuracy of disconnection of the detection line 100 can be increased. As shown in Figure 3(b) or Figure 3(c), the detection line 100 is built into the auxiliary pipe 25 and is placed parallel to the power cable 30 and along the same direction. Additionally, when the ground subsides due to movement of soil or sinkholes, the conduit 20 subsides and deforms to become curved, as shown in the middle part of FIG. 2, and the auxiliary conduit 25 is also deformed to become curved. It changes. In addition, a tensile force exceeding the certain limit is applied to both ends of the sensing line 100 placed in the conduit 20, resulting in a disconnection point (X).

Meanwhile, Figure 4 shows the connection relationship between the sensing line 100, the sensor voltage control module 400, the IoT sensing module 300, the shorting connector 200, and the plurality of first sensors 110 according to the present invention. It is done. The detection line 100 according to the present invention is made of two wires 101, as shown in FIGS. 4(b) and 4(c), and is connected to the conduit 20 like the power cable 30. It is installed inside or within the auxiliary pipe 25, but when a tensile force exceeding a certain limit is applied, one or more wires are disconnected, and a plurality of wires are connected between the two wires 101 constituting the sensing wire 100. It is desirable to connect the first sensors 110 in parallel at intervals of the first length d.

And each of the plurality of first sensors 110 has a first voltage ( ) is applied, it operates and sends the first signal containing its ID ( ) is generated and then repeatedly transmitted through the single detection line 100. Each of the first sensors 110 has its own unique ID and the first voltage ( ), it is also desirable to use a tag chip that generates a signal containing a unique tag ID assigned to the tag when the signal is applied. However, since the first sensor 110 included in the present invention is connected to the sensing line 100 and transmits a signal to the sensing line 100, it is not necessary to have a wireless transmission means. Here, the first voltage ( ) is an operating voltage that can operate each of the plurality of first sensors 110, and each of the plurality of first sensors 110 is connected to the first voltage ( ) It is desirable to configure it so that it does not operate at lower voltages.

The first length (d) is an interval determined to easily find the sinking position of the conduit 20, and can be set between 10 and 30 m. For more precise judgment, it can also be set at less than 10 m. In addition, the internal resistance of each of the plurality of first sensors 110 is preferably higher, and more preferably close to infinity (∞). In addition, the first signal ( ) It is also desirable to minimize the operating current to transmit as much as possible. In the present invention, each of the plurality of first sensors 110 receives the first signal ( ) is not transmitted wirelessly but is transmitted wired through the detection line 100, so there is an advantage in that transmission power can be minimized.

The detection line 100 is a shield line wrapped around the two wires 101 with a shielding film 120 made of a metallic mesh or a thin metal film in order to reduce the influence of induced current caused by the current flowing in the power cable 30. (Shielded Cable) is preferable. In addition, it is more desirable to ground the shielding film 120 through grounding means 121 at both ends of a single sensing line 100 installed between two adjacent manholes 10.

And at one end (one end) of a single sensing line 100 installed between two adjacent manholes 10, a shorting connector 200 that electrically shorts the two strands is connected between the two strands. It is desirable to do so. In addition, it is preferable that the sensor voltage control module 400 be connected to the opposite end of the one sensing line 100 to the side to which the short-circuiting connector 200 is connected. It is desirable to include a second sensor 410. And, the second sensor 110 has a second voltage ( ) is approved, a second signal containing its ID ( ) is more desirable to generate and transmit. In addition, the sensor voltage control module 400 is configured to apply different voltages to the first sensor 110 and the second sensor 410 depending on the state of the sensing line 100. It is more desirable to do so.

The second sensor 410 also has its own unique ID and the second voltage ( ), it is also desirable to use a tag chip that generates a signal containing a unique tag ID assigned to the tag when the signal is applied. However, since the second sensor 410 included in the present invention is also connected to the sensing line 100 and transmits a signal to the sensing line 100, it is not necessary to have a wireless transmission means. Here, the second voltage ( ) is an operating voltage that can operate the second sensor 410, and the second sensor 410 is connected to the second voltage ( ) It is desirable to configure it so that it does not operate at lower voltages.

It is preferable that the IoT detection module 300 is connected to the opposite side of the sensor voltage control module 400 connected to the one detection line 100. Therefore, the sensor voltage control module 400 is connected between the IoT detection module 300 and the detection line 100. And the IoT detection module 300 uses signals sent from the first sensor 110 and the second sensor 410 to determine whether the conduit 20 has settled and the distance to the point of settlement ( ), and if it is determined that the conduit 20 has settled, its identification code and the distance to the sinking point ( ) It is desirable to generate an alarm signal containing and then transmit it to the monitoring server 500 in a remote location through the communication network 700.

It is also desirable for the warning signal to include distribution line information, status code, or judgment time for subsidence, etc. Additionally, the communication network 700 can be a wired communication network or a wireless communication network. More preferably, it is better to use an Internet of Things (IoT) communication network, whether wired or wireless.

Meanwhile, the IoT detection module 300 uses the data obtained from the detection line 100 to determine whether the conduit 20 has settled, and even when it is not judged to have settled, it uses the data obtained from the detection line 100 to determine the identification code, normal code, and judgment time. It is also desirable to generate an inspection signal that includes and transmit it to the monitoring server 500 through the communication network 700. In this case, the monitoring server 500 can find out whether the IoT detection module 300 is operating normally.

The alarm signal and the inspection signal transmitted by the IoT detection module 300 can be received by the monitoring server 500 through the communication network 700, where the monitoring server 500 receives the warning signal. In this case, the identification code included in the alarm signal and the distance to the sinking point ( ), it is desirable to determine the settlement location and generate settlement information including the settlement location and display it so that managers, etc. can see it. The display means for expressing the subsidence information is preferably a display means such as an LCD monitor, but it is also possible to express the warning signal by voice, etc., and a communication means that can be notified to the mobile phone of an underground distribution line manager, etc. desirable

Meanwhile, Figure 5 shows the detailed configuration of the IoT detection module 300 included in the present invention, as well as the connection relationship between the sensor voltage control module 400 and the detection line 100. As shown in FIG. 5, the IoT detection module 300 includes a signal reception unit 310, a power application unit 340, a control unit 350, a signal generation unit 320, and a signal transmission unit 330. desirable.

Among them, the signal receiver 310 transmits the first signal ( ) and the second signal ( ) is desirable to be able to receive. Therefore, it is desirable that the signal receiving unit 310 be connected to one or more of the two strands 101 of the sensing line 100 through the signal receiving line 318. In some cases, the signal receiving line 318 may be connected to the middle of the signal receiving line 318. To the first signal ( ) and the second signal ( ), it is also desirable to include a coupling means 319 such as a coupling condenser for smooth reception. In addition, it is more desirable for the signal receiver 310 to be able to receive an alarm signal transmitted by another IoT detection module 300b through the single detection line 100. That is, the signal receiver 310 receives the first signal ( ), the second signal ( ) and other IoT detection modules (300b), it is desirable to use a means that can receive the alarm signal transmitted through the single detection line (100).

The power application unit 340 is preferably configured to apply voltage to the sensor voltage control module 400. For this purpose, the power application unit 340 is configured to apply voltage to the sensor voltage control module 400 through the voltage application line 348. It is preferable to connect to the sensor voltage control module 400. As will be described later, the power application unit 340 applies voltage to the sensor voltage control module 400 under the control of the control unit 350, and the control unit 350 controls the sensor voltage control module 400. It is more preferable that the power application unit 340 is connected to the sensor voltage control module 400 only while applying voltage.

Meanwhile, the signal generating unit 320 is preferably configured to repeatedly generate the warning signal at first time intervals when the control unit 350 determines that the conduit 20 has settled. In addition, it is preferable that whenever the warning signal is generated in the signal generating unit 320, the signal transmitting unit 330 transmits the warning signal through the communication network 700. It is more desirable to be connected to “another detection line (100c) within the same manhole, rather than the one detection line (100).” In addition, it is more desirable to transmit not only the alarm signal generated by the signal generation unit but also the alarm signal transmitted by another IoT detection module (300b) through IoT communication through the other detection line (100c). In this case, a coupling means 339 such as a coupling condenser is included in the middle of the signal transmission line 338 connecting the signal transmission unit 330 and the other detection line 100b to ensure smooth transmission of the alarm signal. It is also desirable to do so.

Here, the first time can be appropriately set, such as 1 minute or 5 minutes, within a range that does not cause excessive power consumption, taking into account the status, consumption rate, and depletion time of the operating power of the IoT sensing module 300. Also, it is preferable that the first time becomes longer as time passes from when the warning signal is first generated. In this case, when the operating power of the IoT detection module 300 is limited, the warning signal can be continuously transmitted for a longer period of time until measures against subsidence are taken. In addition, it is desirable to use a replaceable battery as the power source for operating the IoT detection module, and it is also possible to use a commercial power supply separately supplied within the manhole.

The control unit 350 controls the operation of components included in the IoT detection module 300 and transmits the second signal ( ) is used to determine whether the conduit 20 has settled, and the first signal ( ) and the distance to the sinking point using the first length (d) ( ) is a configuration that determines. The control unit 350 also controls the power application unit 340 to apply the second voltage ( ) while applying the second voltage ( ) is applied, the second signal ( ) is not received, it is determined that the conduit 20 has settled, and if it is determined that the conduit 20 has settled, the first signal simultaneously received from the signal receiver 310 ( ) and the distance to the sinking point using the first length (d) ( ), it is desirable to determine. In addition, when the control unit 350 receives an alarm signal transmitted by the other IoT detection module 300b from the signal receiver 310, it is preferable to control the signal to be relayed and transmitted through the signal transmitter 330. do,

Meanwhile, as described above, the present invention includes the sensor voltage control module 400. The sensor voltage control module 400 is connected to the side opposite to the side to which the short-circuit connector 200 is connected among both ends of the one sensing line 100, and detects the first sensor 110 according to the state of the sensing line 100. ) and the voltage applied to the second sensor 410 are preferably configured to be applied differently.

Therefore, in a state where there is no disconnection point (X) where disconnection occurs among the sensing line 100, the second voltage ( ) is applied, the second voltage ( ) is applied, no voltage is applied to both ends of each of the plurality of first sensors 110, and the sensor voltage control module 400 is connected to the sensor voltage control module 400 with the disconnection point ( The second voltage ( ) is applied, the second voltage ( ) lower third voltage ( ) is applied, and the first voltage ( ) is applied, and it is desirable that voltage is not applied to both ends of the first sensors 110 between the disconnection point (X) and the short-circuit connector 200 among the plurality of first sensors 110.

For this purpose, the sensor voltage control module 400 includes a Zener diode 420 connected between two strands of the sensing line 100, one end of the Zener diode 420, and a power source of the IoT sensing module 300. It is desirable to include a Zener resistor 430 connected between the applying units 340. Additionally, the second sensor 410 is preferably connected to both ends of the Zener resistor 430 in parallel. In addition, when the sensing line 100 is disconnected, the second voltage ( ) is applied to the Zener voltage ( ) is equal to the first voltage, and the third voltage ( ) is the second voltage ( ), the Zener voltage ( ) minus the voltage ( ) is desirable to be the same.

And when it is determined that the conduit has settled, the control unit determines the distance to the sinking position ( ) is the first signal received from the signal receiver 310 ( ) is preferably the result of multiplying the number (n) by the first length (d) ( ).

Meanwhile, in Figure 6, the alarm signal or the inspection signal transmitted from one IoT detection module 300 is continuously relayed sequentially through the detection line 100 and other IoT detection modules 300, and the gateway ( (not shown) or to a location where it can reach the MQTT broker 600, and the gateway or the MQTT broker 600 transmits the relayed alarm signal or the inspection signal to the monitoring server 500. A concept that enables transmission is shown. As such, the present invention can use the detection line 100 to detect subsidence and at the same time use it as a wired communication network, so by sending an IoT relay signal to the detection line 100, a separate IoT infrastructure is created within the underground distribution line. It is possible to provide a comprehensive monitoring system that can comprehensively detect subsidence for all sections of underground distribution lines without the need for a system.

That is, the alarm signal or the inspection signal transmitted from 300a, one of the IoT detection modules 300, continues through the other detection lines (100b, 100c, 100d) and other IoT detection modules (300b, 300c, 300d). It is sequentially relayed by wire to a location where the signal can reach the gateway or the MQTT broker 600, and the signal reaching the gateway or the MQTT broker 600 cannot be received by the monitoring server 600. There will be. Therefore, the present invention can provide a comprehensive monitoring system that detects settlement of all sections of the underground distribution line.

Meanwhile, Figure 7 shows a diagram to explain the concept of determining the settlement of the conduit and the distance to the point of settlement in the present invention. Hereinafter, the principle of determining the settlement of the conduit and the distance to the settlement point in the present invention will be explained with reference to FIG. 7. FIG. 7(a) shows a state in which the disconnection point It shows the state.

As described above and as shown in FIG. 7, the sensor voltage control module 400 includes a Zener diode 420 connected between two strands of the sensing line 100, and the Zener diode 420 At one end, a Zener resistor 430 is connected to the IoT detection module 300. And the second sensor 410 is connected in parallel to both ends of the Zener resistor 430. And the plurality of first sensors 110 are connected in parallel to the detection line 100 at intervals of the first length d.

First, as shown in FIG. 7(a), in a state in which the disconnection point The two strands 101 of the sensing line 100 are connected and the plurality of first sensors 110 are connected between the two strands 101 of the sensing line 100. Since the short-circuiting connector 200 is connected to the end of the terminal to short-circuit the two strands 101 of the sensing line 100, the second voltage ( ) is applied, since both ends of the Zener diode 420 are short-circuited, the voltage across both ends of the Zener diode 420 becomes 0V.

And, the second voltage applied to the sensor voltage control module 400 ( ) are all applied to the Zener resistor 430 connected in series with the Zener diode 420. Therefore, the second voltage ( ) is approved. Accordingly, the second sensor 410 is supplied with the second voltage ( ) is applied, so the second sensor 410 sends a second signal containing its ID ( ) is generated and transmitted. However, in the case of the first sensor 110 connected in parallel to both ends of the Zener diode 420, no signal is transmitted because the operating voltage is not applied. Therefore, the control unit 350 determines that the conduit 20 is in a normal state without sinking.

However, as shown in FIG. 7(b), when the disconnection point The two strands 101 of the line 100 are connected, and the plurality of first sensors 110 are connected between the two strands 101 of the sensing line 100, and at the ends of the sensing line 100. Although the short-circuiting connector 200 is connected, the short-circuiting connector 200 is open due to disconnection of the sensing line 100, and accordingly, the plurality of first sensors are connected to both ends of the Zener diode 420. Only (110) are connected. Therefore, the voltage applied to both ends of the plurality of first sensors 110 is the Zener voltage applied to the Zener diode 420 ( ) is applied, and the second voltage ( ), the Zener voltage ( ) minus the voltage ( ), the third voltage ( ) is approved.

And, the Zener voltage ( ) is the first voltage ( ), so the first voltage ( ) is applied and the first sensor 110 located here receives the first signal containing its ID ( ) is generated and transmitted. And at both ends of the second sensor 410 connected in parallel to both ends of the Zener resistor 430, the second voltage, which is the operating voltage of the second sensor 410 ( ) The third voltage ( ) is applied, so the second sensor 410 does not operate.

Therefore, the control unit 350 controls the sensor voltage control module 400 to apply the second voltage ( ) is applied while the second signal ( ) is not received, it is determined that the conduit 20 is in a sinking state, and the second voltage ( ) is applied while the first signal ( ) The result of multiplying the number (n) by the first length (d) ( ) using the distance to the sinking point ( ) can be calculated.

For example, as shown in Figure 7(b), the first signal ( ) is sent, and when the first distance (d) is 10m, the distance to the sinking point ( ) is 2 It can be determined that settlement of the conduit 20 has occurred.

On the other hand, since the settlement of the conduit 20 in an underground distribution line rarely progresses rapidly and often progresses slowly, the voltage applied to the detection line 100 of the control unit 350 to determine whether or not the subsidence occurs. Drop measurements do not need to be done too frequently. Therefore, it is also possible to set the second time within the range of 1 to 12 hours and make the judgment only a few times a day. However, if rapid discovery is desired depending on the environmental conditions of the distribution line, it is possible to make the second time shorter.

In this way, the present invention applies a voltage to the sensor voltage control module 400 intermittently, several times a day, to transmit a second signal ( ), it is possible to determine whether there is sinking, and if it is determined that there is no sinking, there is no need to perform any further action until the next second time arrives, so the power consumption of the IoT detection module 300 can be minimized. Therefore, even if the operating power of the IoT detection module 300 is a battery, the time until the battery is replaced can be sufficiently extended, thereby reducing the time and cost required for inspection and maintenance of the IoT detection module 300. .

Meanwhile, the control unit 350 supplies the second voltage ( ) is applied during the third time as described above, and when it is determined that the conduit 20 has settled, the first signal simultaneously received from the signal receiver 310 ( ), the distance to the sinking point using the number (n) and the first length (d) ( ), it is desirable to determine. That is, the second voltage ( ) By applying, if the conduit 20 is in a sinking state, the first signal ( ) is transmitted, and at this time, the control unit 350 transmits the first signal ( ) and the distance to the sinking point using the first length (d) ( ) is to judge. Here, the third time is the first signal ( ) is transmitted, and the first signal ( ), so it is possible to make it very short, in units of several seconds or tens of seconds.

In this way, in the present invention, the IoT detection module 300 can minimize the operating time for subsidence judgment, etc., and thereby minimize power consumption, so the amount of time required for inspection and maintenance of the IoT detection module 300 is reduced. You can save time and cost. That is, the operation of the IoT detection module 300 is performed once per hour (second time interval) for several to tens of seconds (during the third time) to apply voltage to determine whether the conduit 20 has settled. Not only is operation necessary, but if it is not determined that the conduit (20) has settled, no further operation is necessary, and even if it is determined that the conduit (20) has settled, the distance to the settlement point ( The action required to determine ) is the first signal transmitted from the first sensor 110 ( Since only the action of receiving ) from the signal receiver 310 and the transmission of the warning signal are required, it is possible to minimize battery consumption, maximize operating time, and shorten inspection and maintenance time.

On the other hand, as described above, the control unit 350 determines whether the conduit 20 will sink and the distance to the sinking point ( ) When determining the first signal received by the signal receiver 310 ( ) is preferably obtained by multiplying the number of the first length (d). That is, when it is determined that the conduit 20 has subsided, the control unit 350 determines the distance to the subsidence point ( ) is calculated as follows, where n is the first signal transmitted from each of the plurality of first sensors 110 ( ) is the number, and d is preferably set to the first length.

At this time, if the first distance (d) is 10m and the first signal received by the signal receiver 310 ( If the number of ) is 2, the point 20m away from the manhole 10 where the IoT detection module 300 and the sensor voltage control module 400 are installed is the distance to the sinking point ( ) will become. However, the distance to the sinking point obtained in this way ( ) is the distance to the first sensor 110 before the disconnection point (X), so the actual sinking position is the distance to the sinking point ( ) to the first length (d) plus the first length (d). However, even if there is this error, the distance to the sinking point ( Since it is searched within the range of the first length (d) from ), not only can the actual settlement point be easily found, but if the first length (d) is made very short, for example, about 5 m, the settlement Distance to point ( ) is very close to the actual sinking position.

However, among the plurality of first sensors 110, between the first sensor 110 closest to the manhole 10 where the IoT detection module 300 and the sensor voltage control module 400 are installed and the manhole 10 There may be cases where the conduit 20 sinks and the sensing line 100 is disconnected. In this case, the second voltage ( ) is applied to the sensor voltage control module 400 while the second signal ( ) is not received, so the control unit 350 determines that the conduit 20 has settled, but the signal receiver 310 receives the first signal ( ) is also in a state where it cannot receive anything. Therefore, the second voltage ( ) is applied to the sensor voltage control module 400 while the second signal ( ) Despite the fact that it was determined that the conduit 20 had settled because it could not receive the first signal ( ) is 0, it is also desirable to determine that the conduit 20 has sunk within the first distance from the installation location of the IoT detection module 300.

Meanwhile, Figure 8 shows another embodiment of the sensing line 100 included in the present invention. In this embodiment, the single detection wire 100 installed between the manhole 10 and the manhole 10 has a fixing part at one end of both ends fixed to the conduit 20 ( 160), it is desirable to have it. The fixing part 160 is for fixing one end of the one sensing line 100 so that it is not pulled toward the opposite manhole 10 when a tensile force acts on the one sensing line 100. It is desirable to fix (100) on one of the inner peripheral surfaces of the conduit (20) using a saddle or other appropriate coupling fitting.

And, as shown in FIG. 8(b), the outer skin of the one sensing line 100 has stepped portions 150 at second length intervals, and the stepped portions 150 are directed toward the fixing portion 160. It is desirable to have a truncated cone shape with gradually increasing diameter. Since the present invention has a stepped portion 150 of this shape, the sensing line 100 can be pulled smoothly when laid in the pulling direction of FIG. 8(b). However, after laying is completed, the frustum cone Due to the step formed at the bottom of the shape, it is not pulled in the opposite direction of the pulling direction. Therefore, the detection line 100 is fixed between the fixing part 160 and the step part 150, and accordingly, when deformation occurs due to the sinking of the conduit 20, it is located at the lowest point. A large tensile force is applied, causing the wire to break at that point.

When the conduit 20 sinks and the sinking force f1 acts on the detection line 100, the fixing part ( 160) The step portion 150 on the opposite side is fixed without being pulled toward the fixing portion 160 due to the step, and since the fixing portion 160 is fixed, it moves down as if both sides are fixed. Since the shape is such that a sitting force acts, the sensing line 100 is disconnected by the tensile force f2. Therefore, if the conduit 20 is deformed due to the sinking of the conduit 20, the maximum tensile force pulling the sensing wire 100 to both sides is generated at the exact point where the deformation occurs.

For example, as shown in Figure 8(c), when the detection line 100 is pressed down by the sinking force f1, the step portion 150a on the immediate left is exposed to the outer shell or conduit of the power table 30 ( It will try not to be pulled to the right due to the frictional force with the inner peripheral surface of the step 20), and the stepped portions (not shown) further to the left of the stepped portion 150a will also generate a frictional force that resists the force pulled to the right. And the fixing part 160 on the far right holds the detection line 100 tightly to prevent it from being dragged to the left, so when a sinking force (f1) is generated in the detection line 100 due to sinking, the sinking force Since the step portion (150a) immediately to the left of the position where (f1) occurs is fixed, and the rightmost fixing portion (160) is fixed on the other side, hold it on both sides at the area where the downward sinking force (f1) acts. The pulling force (F2), that is, the tensile force (F2), becomes maximum. This is because frictional force is also applied to the stepped portions 150 on the side of the fixing portion 160, so the tensile force that acts after the stepped portion 150 on the right side closest to the position where the downward sinking force f1 acts. F2a becomes smaller than F2, and the tensile force F2b becomes smaller than F2 due to the force applied to the stepped portion 150a on the left portion of the stepped portion 150a immediately to the left.

Therefore, when the conduit 20 is deformed, the sensing line 100 is disconnected at the point where the deformation occurs, so the IoT sensing module 300 detects the distance to the subsidence point ( ) has the effect of accurately detecting. It is also preferable that the second length is the same as the first length (d). In this way, when the second length is equal to the first length (d), when the tensile force (F) acts on the sensing line (100), the midpoint between the first sensors (110) is the disconnection point (X ), so the distance to the above sinking point ( ), it is possible to easily find the actual sinking point.

Meanwhile, Figure 9 shows another embodiment of the conduit 20 and the sensing line 100 included in the present invention. In the present invention, as described above with reference to FIG. 3, apart from the main conduit 22 into which the power cable 30 enters among the conduit 20, an auxiliary conduit 25 into which the detection line 100 can be inserted is provided. There is an embodiment having . In this case, the electrical conduit (20) has an auxiliary conduit (25) that penetrates between the outer circumferential surface and the inner circumferential surface along the longitudinal direction or is coupled to the outside of the outer circumferential surface, separately from the main conduit (22) through which the power cable (30) is laid, It is preferable that the detection line 100 is not installed in the main pipe 22 like the power cable 30, but is installed separately in the auxiliary pipe 25. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 9(a), it is preferable that the entire single sensing line 100 is attached and fixed to the inner peripheral surface 26 of the auxiliary pipe 25.

The method of attaching the single detection wire 100 to the inner peripheral surface 26 of the auxiliary pipe 25 can be done by using an adhesive means such as adhesive, or by tightly fitting it into the auxiliary pipe 25 and fixing it. do. In addition, when manufacturing the conduit 20, it is also possible to manufacture it as an integrated piece by embedding the detection line 100 so that it is attached to the auxiliary conduit 25.

In this case, when the conduit 20 sinks as shown in FIG. 9(b), a sinking force (f1) is applied due to the sinking, and when a specific part sinks, the entire detection line 100 is moved to the auxiliary position. Since a downward sinking force also acts on the auxiliary pipe 25 when attached/fixed to the conduit 25, the detection line 100 inside the auxiliary conduit 25 causes the conduit 20 to sink. It is pulled to both sides around the area, resulting in a broken part (170).

Therefore, if the conduit 20 is deformed due to the sinking of the conduit 20, the maximum tensile force F pulling the sensing wire 100 is generated at the exact point where the deformation occurs. Therefore, when the conduit 20 is deformed, the sensing line 100 is disconnected at the point where the deformation occurs, so the IoT sensing module 300 detects the distance to the sinking point ( ) has the effect of accurately detecting.

Meanwhile, the IoT communication used when the IoT detection module 300 transmits the alarm signal or inspection signal to the monitoring server 500 is IoT communication using the MQTT (Message Queuing Telemetry Transport) protocol. desirable. When using the MQTT protocol in this way, in a distribution line that has a very complex structure like a tree branch with feed lines, main lines, branch lines, branch lines, etc., the IoT detection module 300 is connected to the monitoring server 500. When transmitting the above alarm signal, the name of the distribution line on which it is located can be displayed in a hierarchy, such as 'feeder line name/main line name/branch line name/branch line name', as shown in FIG. 10. You can send it to Topic by including your own identification code. In addition, the data transmitted with Topic can include detailed information such as status code (error) and judgment time of sinking.

Accordingly, from the perspective of the monitoring server 500, which receives the alarm signal or the inspection signal from numerous IoT detection modules 300, only Topics with an error status code are found and an IoT monitoring module with the corresponding identification code is detected in the distribution line ( Since the installation location of 300) can be found, it is possible to quickly find the distribution line where the conduit 20 has sunk and its location. In addition, it becomes possible to determine the subsidence status of a specific main line or branch line as a whole, or to determine the overall status of subsidence at specific times. In this case, it is desirable that the data included in the warning signal further include the judgment time at which sinking was determined.

When using the MQTT protocol in this way, as shown in FIG. 11(a), an MQTT broker 600 that relays the alarm signal or the inspection signal between the IoT detection module 300 and the monitoring server 500 is further included. It is desirable to do so. And the IoT detection module 300 transmits the alarm signal to the MQTT broker 600, and the monitoring server 500 is configured to receive the alarm signal or the inspection signal through the MQTT broker 600. It is desirable. Accordingly, when the IoT detection module 300 needs to transmit the alarm signal or the inspection signal, it becomes a publisher on the MQTT protocol and connects to the MQTT broker 600 to publish topics and data, and then becomes a subscriber. The monitoring server 500 can connect to the MQTT broker 600 and subscribe to topics and data published by the IoT detection module 300.

Additionally, it is possible for the monitoring server 500 to become a publisher and publish its own topics and data. However, in the present invention, it is preferable that the IoT detection module 300 only performs the role of a subscriber, so the topics and data published by the monitoring server 500 are not intended to enable the IoT detection module 300 to subscribe, but are instead used by other monitoring servers. (500) Alternatively, it will be published for the purpose of allowing the administrator terminal (not shown) to subscribe. It is desirable to embed the MQTT broker 600 in a specific device or apparatus and install it in a location where signals can reach both the IoT detection module 300 and the monitoring server 500.

Meanwhile, unlike the general data format used in the MQTT protocol, it is preferable to customize the data format of the alarm signal included in the present invention as shown in FIG. 10(b). Here, it is desirable to set QoS (Quality of Service) to 0. The reason why QoS is set to 0 is because when subsidence is determined, the warning signal is repeatedly generated and transmitted at first time intervals. Therefore, every time the alarm signal is transmitted, it is only necessary to publish it to the MQTT broker 600. In other words, since the alarm signal is repeatedly generated and transmitted at first time intervals, there is no need for the IoT detection module 300 to store the alarm signal (QoS = 2) each time it transmits the alarm signal. This is because there is no need to perform a handshake process like TCP (QoS=2) every time it is transmitted. This is because it only causes unnecessary overload.

In addition, it is desirable that the LWT (Last Will Testament) of the warning signal includes a message with a special meaning. In the MQTT protocol, LWT means will, which means sending messages in advance when the network is disconnected. Therefore, in case the IoT detection module 300 transmits the alarm signal at the first time interval and the power of the IoT detection module 300 is depleted and communication is interrupted, the LWT contains the message “Communication is interrupted due to subsidence.” It is desirable to configure it to include a message (e.g. “batt_out”) that means “stopped.”

Although the present invention has been described with the above-described various examples, the present invention is not necessarily limited to these examples, and may be modified and implemented in various ways without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention. Accordingly, the examples disclosed in the present invention are not intended to limit the technical idea of the present invention but are for illustrative purposes, and the scope of the technical idea of the present invention is not limited by these examples. The scope of protection of the present invention shall be interpreted in accordance with the claims below, and all technical ideas within the equivalent scope thereof shall be construed as being included in the scope of rights of the present invention.

10 Manhole 20 Conduit
22 main pipe 25 auxiliary pipe
26 Inner surface of auxiliary pipe 30 Power cable
31 Connection point 35 Sinkhole
100 detection line
101 Two strands of wire 110 First sensor
120 shielding film 121 grounding means
150 step part 160 fixed part
170 broken part
200 short circuit connector
300 IoT detection module
310 signal receiving unit 318 signal receiving line
319 Coupling means 320 Signal generation unit
330 Signal transmitter 331 Antenna
338 Signal transmission line 339 Coupling means
340 Power supply unit 342 Series resistance
348 Voltage supply line 350 Control unit
400 sensor voltage control module
410 2nd sensor 420 Zener diode
430 zener resistor
500 monitoring servers 600 MQTT brokers
700 communication network

Claims (7)

In order to prevent damage to the power cable (30) caused by sinking of the conduit (20) in a duct-type underground distribution line, it is a system that monitors the sinkage of the duct of a long-distance underground distribution line using an IoT sensor,
Like the power cable 30, it is installed inside the conduit 20, but is made of two strands, and when a tensile force exceeding a certain limit is applied, one or more strands are disconnected, and the plurality of first sensors 110 Detection lines (100) connected in parallel at intervals of 1 length (d);
A shorting connector (200) for electrically short-circuiting the two strands at one end of a sensing line (100) installed between two adjacent manholes (10);
It includes a second sensor 410, and is connected to the side opposite to the side to which the short-circuit connector 200 is connected among both ends of the one sensing line 100, and detects the first sensor ( 110) and a sensor voltage control module 400 capable of applying different voltages to the second sensor 410;
It is connected to the sensor voltage control module 400 and uses signals sent from the first sensor 110 and the second sensor 410 to determine whether the conduit 20 has settled and the distance to the point of settlement ( ), and if it is determined that the conduit 20 has settled, its identification code and the distance to the sinking point ( ) an IoT detection module 300 that generates and transmits an alarm signal including; and
The alarm signal transmitted by the IoT detection module 300 can be received, and when the alarm signal is received, the installation location of the IoT detection module 300 that transmitted the alarm signal and the distance to the subsidence point ( ) A monitoring server 500 that generates subsidence information including and displays it so that the manager can know,
Each of the plurality of first sensors 110 has a first voltage ( ) is applied, the first signal containing its ID ( ) is generated and transmitted,
The second sensor 410 is configured to apply a second voltage ( ) is approved, a second signal containing its ID ( ) is generated and transmitted,
The IoT detection module is,
- The first signal ( ), the second signal ( ) and a signal receiver 310 capable of receiving an alarm signal transmitted by another IoT detection module 300b through the one detection line 100;
- A power application unit 340 capable of applying voltage to the sensor voltage control module 400;
- The second signal ( ) is used to determine whether the conduit 20 has settled, and the first signal ( ) and the distance to the sinking point using the first length (d) ( ) a control unit 350 that determines;
- A signal generator 320 that repeatedly generates the warning signal at first time intervals when the control unit 350 determines that the conduit 20 has settled; and
- It is connected not to the one detection line 100, but to another detection line 100c in the same manhole, and transmits the alarm signal generated by the signal generator or the alarm signal transmitted by another IoT detection module 300b to the other detection line 100b. It includes a signal transmission unit 330 that transmits through IoT communication through the detection line 100c,
The control unit 350,
- Control the power application unit 340 to apply the second voltage ( ) is authorized,
- The second voltage ( ) is applied, the second signal ( ) is received, it is judged to be a sinking of the conduit (20),
- When it is determined that the conduit 20 has settled, the first signal simultaneously received from the signal receiver 310 ( ) and the distance to the sinking point using the first length (d) ( ), and
- When the signal receiver 310 receives an alarm signal transmitted by the other IoT detection module 300b, it is controlled to relay and transmit it through the signal transmitter 330. Surveillance IoT system According to paragraph 1,
In a state where there is a disconnection point (X) in the sensing line 100 where a disconnection occurs, the second voltage ( ) is approved,
- At both ends of the second sensor 410, the second voltage ( ) is approved
- No voltage is applied to both ends of each of the plurality of first sensors 110,
In the state where the disconnection point (X) is in the sensing line 100, the second voltage ( ) is approved,
- At both ends of the second sensor 410, the second voltage ( ) lower third voltage ( ) is authorized
- Among the plurality of first sensors 110, the first voltage ( ) is approved
- A long-distance underground distribution line, characterized in that no voltage is applied to both ends of the first sensors 110 between the disconnection point (X) and the short-circuit connector 200 among the plurality of first sensors 110. Surveillance IoT system According to paragraph 2,
The sensor voltage control module 400,
- Zener diode 420 connected between the two strands of the sensing line 100; and
- A Zener resistor 430 connected between one end of the Zener diode 420 and the IoT detection module 300;
The second sensor 410 is connected in parallel to both ends of the Zener resistor 430,
The first voltage is the second voltage ( ) is applied, the Zener voltage ( ) and
The third voltage ( ) is the second voltage ( ), the Zener voltage ( ) minus the voltage ( ), a long-distance underground distribution line monitoring IoT system characterized by According to paragraph 1,
When it is determined that the conduit 20 has sunk, the control unit 350 determines the distance to the sinking position ( ) is calculated as follows,

n is the first signal received from the signal receiver 310 ( ) is the number, and d is the first length, a long-distance underground distribution line monitoring IoT system According to any one of claims 1 to 4,
At one end of both ends of the single sensing line 100, there is a fixing part 160 that is fixed to the conduit 20 at one point,
The outer skin of the one detection line 100 has stepped portions 150 at second length intervals,
The step portion 150 is a truncated cone shape whose diameter increases toward the fixing portion 160, a long-distance underground distribution line monitoring IoT system. According to any one of claims 1 to 4,
The electrical conduit 20 has an auxiliary conduit 25 that penetrates between the outer circumferential surface and the inner circumferential surface along the longitudinal direction or is coupled to the outside of the outer circumferential surface, separately from the main conduit 22 through which the power cable 30 is laid.
The detection line 100 is not installed in the main pipe 22 like the power cable 30, but is installed separately in the auxiliary pipe 25,
The entire single detection line 100 is attached to and fixed to the inner peripheral surface 26 of the auxiliary pipe 25, a long-distance underground distribution line monitoring IoT system. According to any one of claims 1 to 4,
The IoT communication is IoT communication using the MQTT (Message Queuing Telemetry Transport) protocol,
It further includes an MQTT broker 600 that relays the alarm signal,
The signal transmission unit 330 transmits the warning signal to the MQTT broker 600 through the other detection line 100c,
The monitoring server 500 receives the alarm signal through the MQTT broker 600,
In the above warning signal,
- LWT (Last Will Testament), which contains a message indicating that communication has been interrupted due to subsidence
- A long-distance underground distribution line monitoring IoT system characterized by combining the hierarchical distribution line name and the identification code and including a topic in the form of feeder line name/main line name/branch line name/branch line name/identification code.