KR102610865B1 - Refining method of pyrolysis oil and system - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method and system for refining high-quality light oil from pyrolysis oil. It can be configured smartly and compactly so that it can be easily applied to small-scale pyrolysis systems, and pyrolysis oil (regenerated oil) produced from the pyrolysis system through a precise refining process. It can be reused as a general-purpose fuel, and high quality can be achieved to ensure economic feasibility. Using a new method, low-quality, high-viscosity mixed heavy oil can be continuously refined into high-quality light oil, and high-quality light oil can be obtained under relatively low temperature conditions. High-quality light oil can be produced in an economical and eco-friendly way. By using silica gel, etc., unstable elements, unsaturated hydrocarbons, sulfur compounds, and chlorine compounds are finally removed, and the color of the oil is as clean as ASTM No. 0.5~1. High quality light oil can be produced.

Description

Method and system for refining high-quality light oil from pyrolysis oil {REFINING METHOD OF PYROLYSIS OIL AND SYSTEM}

The present invention relates to a method and system for refining high-quality light oil from pyrolysis oil by refining pyrolysis oil (recycled oil) generated in the pyrolysis process of various hydrocarbon-based organic wastes such as waste lubricating oil, waste synthetic resin, and waste tires into high-quality light oil. , More specifically, it can be configured smartly and compactly so that it can be easily applied to small-scale pyrolysis systems. By refining the pyrolysis oil produced in the existing pyrolysis system through a precise refining process, it is produced as high-quality and general-purpose light oil, making it economical. It relates to a method and system for refining high-quality light oil from pyrolysis oil that can secure .

In general, plastic refers to a material that can be molded by heating, pressurizing, or both, or a synthetic resin using these materials. In the final product, it has a high molecular weight and a large amount of chemicals in the solid form, but during molding, It has fluidity and is easy to mold, making it possible to produce products of various shapes. It is manufactured in the form of a polymer by polymerizing various substances using petroleum as the main raw material, so it polymerizes substances that may have the characteristics desired by the user to provide various functions and characteristics. As polymer compounds with these properties can be produced, their uses and usage are rapidly increasing.

In addition, plastic is a type of petroleum compound that uses petroleum as its main raw material. As it is manufactured in the form of a polymer, it is difficult to decompose, so it has excellent corrosion resistance and can be used for a long time. It is easy to mold, so it can be manufactured in various shapes, and it is light in weight, making it easy to use. As it is used in a variety of industrial products, its usage is rapidly increasing.

However, plastics that are discarded after one use are difficult to landfill because they are non-degradable, which is a characteristic of plastics. When incinerated, various harmful gases are emitted and pollute the air environment, making disposal of waste plastics difficult.

In addition, as reserves of oil, including petroleum, which is the fuel used to produce plastic, are shrinking, the price of oil is rising, and as resources are depleted, the need to reuse the oil existing inside waste plastic is increasing.

Accordingly, methods for pyrolysis of waste plastic into oil are being developed to reduce and recover the oil contained inside the waste plastic to increase resource recycling.

In the method of converting waste plastic into oil through pyrolysis, the waste plastic is heated to about 400-500°C in an air-blocked state, and the carbon bonds of the polymer are cut to produce pyrolysis gas and pyrolysis oil (recycled oil).

However, pyrolysis oil (recycled oil) produced from polyolefin waste plastics such as polyethylene (PE) and polypropylene (PP) contains tar components, large amounts of wax components, and high-concentration chlorine components, which are representative of organic hazardous compounds. As contaminants and foreign substances other than waste plastics are put into the pyrolysis reactor without going through a pretreatment process and are thermally decomposed, it is a very low-quality oil and does not serve as a versatile fuel. Therefore, through a precise refining process, the quality of recycled oil and There is a need to secure economic feasibility.

The most important factor preventing pyrolysis from establishing itself as an economically viable industry since the early 1970s until now is that the produced recycled oil does not have versatility as fuel oil, and the quality of recycled oil cannot be improved. This is a very urgent task, and due to the nature of the refining process of recycled oil, there is a limitation that large-scale facility investment is not possible like general petrochemical companies.

The refining technology for recycled oil must be in line with major technology, but there is an urgent need to make the refining technology smarter and more compact so that it can be applied to small-scale pyrolysis plants.

Previous technologies for refining recycled oil are mainly limited to decolorization and removal of impurities through distillation, and high-quality refined oil cannot be obtained through a simple distillation process alone. It can be said that the effects of this distillation are nothing special other than residual carbon tar and decolorization effects. In this simple distillation, since there is no hydrocarbon cracking process, the wax component remains in the reclaimed oil, and the pour point of the reclaimed oil is quite high. This causes the reclaimed oil to coagulate even at slight cold temperatures in spring and winter. Renewable oil has a drawback in that it does not have general versatility.

In addition, the removal of chlorine and sulfur components among residual organic harmful compounds is fundamentally required in the refining technology of recycled oil, but the existing refining technology for recycled oil does not include a removal or neutralization process for chlorine and sulfur components, so chlorine components remain in the recycled oil. The quality of refined oil produced is significantly reduced. For example, when refined oil of such low quality is used in an industrial burner, there are serious technical limitations, such as the phenomenon of melting the nozzle of the burner within a short period of time.

Domestic Public Patent No. 10-2011-0088058 (August 3, 2011) Domestic Public Patent No. 10-2012-0019346 (March 6, 2012)

The present invention was invented to improve the above-mentioned problems, and the problem to be solved by the present invention is to first pre-treat impurities in pyrolysis oil (regenerated oil) through a pre-treatment process, and to pre-treat the pyrolysis oil through a light oil stripping process. After heating distillation (oil vaporization), the catalytic cracking process (catalytic cracking decomposition reaction) and fractional distillation process are carried out step by step to break the bonds of high molecular hydrocarbons and finally purify high-quality light oil of low molecular hydrocarbons (C5 to C11). , to provide a high-quality light oil refining method and system for pyrolysis oil that can be configured smartly and compactly so that it can be applied to small-scale pyrolysis systems and can be reused as a general-purpose fuel.

The technical problems of the present invention are not limited to those mentioned above, and other technical problems not mentioned will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the description below.

In order to achieve the above task, the high-quality light oil purification method of pyrolysis oil according to the present invention transfers pyrolysis oil (regenerated oil) into a pretreatment tank, adds a coagulant to the pretreatment tank, and maintains it at a constant temperature to contain it in the pyrolysis oil. A pretreatment step of separating and removing impurities (e.g., sludge, moisture, pyrolysis gas, etc.); An oil-water separation step of separating and removing moisture contained in the pyrolysis oil that has undergone the pretreatment step; A light oil stripping step in which pyrolysis oil is stored in a distillation column (distillation tower), heat-distilled to separate heavy oil from light oil (LGO), and then stored in a heavy oil storage tank; The heavy oil in the heavy oil storage tank is supplied into the reactor, heated and distilled at 350 to 400°C, and the high molecular hydrocarbons are separated into low molecular hydrocarbons by a catalyst while passing through a catalytic cracking column (catalytic cracking tower) installed at the top of the reactor. A catalytic cracking step; The low-molecular-weight hydrocarbons produced through the catalytic cracking step are heat-distilled and fractionated into light gas oil (LGO) and light diesel oil (LDO), and then the light gas oil and light diesel oil are stored in a light gas oil tank and light diesel oil, respectively. Fractional distillation step of storing diesel oil in a tank; And allowing the light gas oil in the light gas oil tank and the light diesel oil in the light diesel oil tank to pass through a filter filled with solid silica gel (or silica gel/activated carbon) to finally purify the impurities contained in the light gas oil and light diesel oil. A final purification step to do; There are technical features including:

Furthermore, the method for refining high-quality light oil from pyrolysis oil according to the present invention stores refined light gas oil and light diesel oil in a light gas oil storage tank and a light diesel oil storage tank, respectively, and stores the light gas oil storage tank and the light diesel oil in the light gas oil storage tank and the light diesel oil storage tank. An exhaust gas purification step in which the non-condensable gas generated in the diesel oil storage tank is purified by passing through a gas buffer tank and a gas purification tank, and is then subjected to UV (ultraviolet) photolysis through an adsorption tower to remove odor and then discharged into the atmosphere; There are technical features that further include.

In addition, in the light oil stripping step, packing beds are installed in multiple stages in the distillation column, and heat distillation is performed at 160 to 180 ° C to separate heavy oil and light oil.

In addition, in the catalytic cracking step, a reactor heating condenser is connected and installed outside the reactor, and the heavy oil introduced into the reactor is heated by the reactor heating condenser and continuously supplied in a circulation manner to the inside of the reactor. It has the effect of prolonging the lifespan of the reactor by preventing the coating phenomenon in advance.

In the catalytic cracking step, heavy oil may be heated and distilled at 350-400°C in the reactor's cattle.

Furthermore, in the pretreatment step, 1% sodium hydroxide (NaOH) is added as a coagulant in the pretreatment tank and heated to 90-100°C to separate and remove impurities contained in the pyrolysis oil.

In the pretreatment step, a fluid treatment process is possible by providing a pretreatment tank in consideration of flow rate fluctuations due to discontinuous supply and demand of recycled oil and the stability of downstream facilities.

After the coagulant is added to the pretreatment tank, it is heated to 90-100°C using a heating boiler to remove moisture and volatile impurities and lower the viscosity of the high-viscosity regenerated oil to increase membrane purification efficiency.

Furthermore, in the fractional distillation step, the oil vapor generated at the top of the fractional distillation column is liquefied through a light gas oil reflux condenser and then stored in a light gas oil tank, and some of the light gas oil in the light gas oil tank is liquefied through a reflux pump. It can be reintroduced into the fractional distillation column.

The oil vapor generated at the bottom of the fractional distillation column is liquefied through a light diesel oil reflux condenser and then stored in a light diesel oil tank, and some of the light diesel oil in the light diesel oil tank is returned to the fractional distillation column by a reflux pump. can be put in.

Meanwhile, the high-quality light oil purification system of pyrolysis oil according to the present invention is linked to the pyrolysis process, stores the pyrolysis oil produced through the pyrolysis process, adds a coagulant for the pretreatment process, and then heats it to remove impurities contained in the pyrolysis oil. Pretreatment tank for separation and removal; An oil-water separator to separate and remove moisture contained in pyrolysis oil; A light oil stripper for stripping heavy oil and light oil of the pyrolysis oil by heating and distilling the pyrolysis oil; A heavy oil storage tank for storing heavy oil generated through the light oil stripping process; A reactor for heating and distilling heavy oil supplied from the heavy oil storage tank; A catalytic cracking unit installed on the upper side of the reactor and performing catalytic cracking to separate high molecular hydrocarbons of heavy oil into low molecular hydrocarbons; A fractional distillation unit that heats and distills the low molecular weight hydrocarbons generated through the catalytic cracking process to fractionate them into light gas oil (LGO) and light diesel oil (LDO); A light gas oil tank separated by the fractional distillation column and storing light gas oil generated at the upper side of the fractional distillation column; a light diesel oil tank that is separated by the fractional distillation column and stores light diesel oil generated at a lower side of the fractional distillation column; And allowing the light gas oil in the light gas oil tank and the light diesel oil in the light diesel oil tank to pass through a filter filled with solid silica gel (or silica gel/activated carbon) to finally remove impurities contained in the light gas oil and light diesel oil. A final purification step; There are technical features including:

Furthermore, the high-quality light oil purification system of pyrolysis oil according to the present invention allows non-condensable gas evaporated from the light gas oil storage tank storing the refined light gas oil and the light diesel oil storage tank storing the refined light diesel oil to be converted into gas. An exhaust gas purification unit that is purified through a buffer tank and a gas purification tank, then passes through an adsorption tower and undergoes UV (ultraviolet) photolysis to remove bad odors and then discharges them into the atmosphere; There are technical features that further include.

In addition, inside the fractional distillation column of the fractional distillation unit, a plurality of trays are sequentially arranged vertically and spaced at regular intervals, and the surfaces of the trays may be formed in a wrinkled shape.

As described above, the present invention has the following effects.

First, it can be configured smartly and compactly so that it can be easily applied to small-scale pyrolysis systems. By refining the pyrolysis oil (regenerated oil) produced in the pyrolysis system through a precise refining process, it can be reused as a general-purpose fuel and is of high quality. It can be implemented to ensure economic feasibility.

Second, the new method continuously purifies low-quality, high-viscosity mixed heavy oil into high-quality light oil, and obtains high-quality light oil under relatively low temperature conditions. High-quality light oil can be produced in an economical and environmentally friendly manner.

Third, the pyrolysis oil (regenerated oil) generated from the pyrolysis system is first subjected to a pretreatment process to separate and remove impurities contained in the pyrolysis oil, and then heat-distillation (oil vaporization) of the pyrolysis oil through the light oil stripping process to produce light oil and heavy oil. After separation, the separated heavy oil is introduced into the reactor. The heavy oil introduced into the reactor is heated by a reactor heating condenser installed outside the reactor and supplied continuously in a circular manner to prevent coking inside the reactor. It has the effect of prolonging the life of the reactor by effectively preventing it in advance.

Fourth, a two-stage tray is installed in the catalytic cracking column, a certain amount of a specific catalyst is left in the tray, and a catalyst with a dechlorination neutralizing function can be used to perform dechlorination, and the surface of the tray Formed in this wrinkle shape, the contact area between gas and oil can be expanded to further improve the catalytic tracking reaction.

Fifth, by finally removing unstable elements, unsaturated hydrocarbons, sulfur compounds, and chlorine compounds using silica gel, etc., it is possible to produce clean, high-quality light oil with an oil color of about ASTM No. 0.5 to 1.

Sixth, after the oil vapor generated in the fractional distillation process is liquefied through a reflux condenser, some of the light gas oil is returned to the fractional distillation column by a reflux pump, and the remaining light gas oil is sent to a light gas oil tank for storage. , some of the light diesel oil is returned to the fractional distillation column, and the remaining light diesel oil is sent to the light diesel oil tank and stored, thereby further increasing the fractional distillation effect and producing high-quality light diesel oil.

The effects of the present invention are not limited to the effects mentioned above, and other effects not mentioned will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the description of the claims.

1 is a flow chart showing the entire method of refining high-quality light oil from pyrolysis oil according to an embodiment of the present invention.
2A and 2B are diagrams showing the entire high-quality light oil purification system of pyrolysis oil according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 3 is a conceptual diagram showing the entire method of refining high-quality light oil from pyrolysis oil according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 4 is a configuration diagram showing a pretreatment tank in a high-quality light oil purification system for pyrolysis oil according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 5 is a configuration diagram showing an oil-water separator in a high-quality light oil purification system for pyrolysis oil according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 6 is a configuration diagram showing a light oil stripper in a high-quality light oil purification system of pyrolysis oil according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 7 is a configuration diagram showing a heavy oil storage tank in the high-quality light oil purification system of pyrolysis oil according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 8 is a configuration diagram showing a reactor and a catalytic cracking unit in a high-quality light oil purification system of pyrolysis oil according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 9 is a configuration diagram showing a fractional distillation unit in a high-quality light oil purification system for pyrolysis oil according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 10 is a configuration diagram showing the final purification unit in the high-quality light oil purification system of pyrolysis oil according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 11 is a configuration diagram showing an exhaust gas purification unit in a high-quality light oil purification system of pyrolysis oil according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 12 is a perspective view showing a packing bed in the high-quality light oil purification system of pyrolysis oil according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings so that those skilled in the art can easily practice the present invention.

In describing this embodiment, description of technical content that is well known in the technical field to which the present invention belongs and that is not directly related to the present invention will be omitted. This is to convey the gist of the present invention more clearly without obscuring it by omitting unnecessary explanation. For the same reason, in the accompanying drawings, some components are exaggerated, omitted, or schematically shown.

Additionally, the size of each component does not entirely reflect its actual size. In each drawing, identical or corresponding components are assigned the same reference numbers.

The method for refining high-quality light oil from pyrolysis oil according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention involves first separating and removing impurities contained in the pyrolysis oil (regenerated oil) produced in the pyrolysis system through a pretreatment process and performing a light oil stripping process. After heating and distilling (oil vaporization) the pyrolysis oil to separate light oil and heavy oil, the separated heavy oil is introduced into the reactor, and the heavy oil introduced into the reactor is heated by a reactor heating condenser installed outside the reactor. Coking inside the reactor can be effectively prevented in advance by continuously supplying it in a circulation manner.

Next, the catalytic cracking process (catalytic cracking decomposition reaction) and the fractional distillation process are performed step by step to break the high molecular weight hydrocarbon bonds and finally purify high-quality light oil with low molecular hydrocarbons (C5 to C11). Through the catalytic cracking process and fractional distillation process, the high molecular weight hydrocarbon chains of oil vapor (C20~C25) are cracked and converted into oil vapor particles, which are light oils of low molecular weight hydrocarbons.

Furthermore, during the final purification process, the light gas oil in the light gas oil tank and the light diesel oil in the light diesel oil tank pass through a filter filled with solid silica gel to remove impurities contained in the light gas oil and light diesel oil. It can be refined into high purity light oil.

The high-purity light oil of the present invention passed all 20 test items of the operating oil (lubricating oil) standard of the Korea Petroleum Quality & Distribution Authority and was judged acceptable, and the silica gel filter, which is a filler used in the purification of residues contained in light oil, is a non-flammable organic solvent. It can be used semi-permanently through a drying process after washing.

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings, a method and system for refining high-quality light oil from pyrolysis oil according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described.

Figure 1 is a flowchart showing the entire high-quality light oil purification method of pyrolysis oil according to an embodiment of the present invention, and Figures 2A and 2B are diagrams showing the entire high-quality light oil purification system of pyrolysis oil according to an embodiment of the present invention. , Figure 3 is a conceptual diagram showing the entire method of refining high-quality light oil from pyrolysis oil according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 4 is a configuration diagram showing a pretreatment tank in the high-quality light oil purification system of pyrolysis oil according to an embodiment of the present invention, and Figure 5 is a configuration diagram showing an oil-water separator in the high-quality light oil purification system of pyrolysis oil according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 6 is a configuration diagram showing a light oil stripper in a high-quality light oil purification system for pyrolysis oil according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 7 is a configuration diagram showing a heavy oil storage tank in the high-quality light oil purification system of pyrolysis oil according to an embodiment of the present invention, and Figure 8 is a diagram showing a reaction reactor in the high-quality light oil purification system of pyrolysis oil according to an embodiment of the present invention. and a catalytic cracking unit, FIG. 9 is a configuration diagram showing a fractional distillation unit in a high-quality light oil purification system for pyrolysis oil according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 10 is a configuration diagram showing a fractional distillation unit according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is a configuration diagram showing the final purification unit in a high-quality light oil purification system for pyrolysis oil, and Figure 11 is a configuration diagram showing an exhaust gas purification unit in a high-quality light oil purification system for pyrolysis oil according to an embodiment of the present invention.

And Figure 12 is a perspective view showing a packing bed in the high-quality light oil purification system of pyrolysis oil according to an embodiment of the present invention.

First, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the method for refining high-quality light oil from pyrolysis oil according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a pretreatment step of receiving and preprocessing pyrolysis oil (recycled oil) produced by the pyrolysis system 1. (S110); An oil-water separation step (S120) of separating pyrolysis oil and moisture (water); A light oil stripping step (S130) to separate heavy oil and light oil from pyrolysis oil; A catalytic cracking step (S140) in which high molecular hydrocarbons are separated into low molecular hydrocarbons by a catalyst; A fractional distillation step (S150) of separating light gas oil and light diesel oil from light oil; A final purification step (S160) of finally purifying impurities contained in light gas oil and light diesel oil; and an exhaust gas purification step (S170) in which hazardous substances generated during the purification process are removed and the exhaust gas is discharged; There are technical features including:

Hereinafter, a method for purifying high-quality light oil from pyrolysis oil according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail step by step with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3.

First, in the pretreatment step (S110), the pyrolysis oil (recycled oil) containing sludge, moisture, foreign substances, pyrolysis gas, etc. generated in the pyrolysis system 1 is bypassed and pumped by the pump P3 to the pretreatment tank. (110) It can be transported and stored inside. After adding a coagulant (or adsorbent) into the pretreatment tank 110, it is maintained at a constant temperature to separate and remove impurities (eg, sludge, moisture, gas, etc.) contained in the pyrolysis oil. The coagulant is stored in the coagulant tank 111 and is pumped into the pretreatment tank 110 by pumping the pump P4.

In the pretreatment step (S110), 1% sodium hydroxide (NaOH) as an example of a coagulant is added to the pretreatment tank 110 and the temperature is maintained at 90 to 100° C. to separate and remove impurities contained in the pyrolysis oil. .

By using a coagulant, sulfur oxides can be effectively removed from oil containing sulfur oxides, thereby increasing the amount of breakthrough adsorption or breakthrough drainage of sulfur oxides.

When using a coagulant, not only can the concentration of sulfur oxides be kept low enough to satisfy environmental regulations, but it can also reduce operating costs and increase the economic feasibility of the entire purification process.

Next, in the oil-water separation step (S120), the moisture contained in the pyrolysis oil that has passed through the pretreatment step (S110) is separated and removed. The pyrolysis oil from which moisture has been removed is transferred back into the distillation column 131. The removed moisture (including some oil) is discharged to the outside by pumping the pump (P5) along the discharge line (L1).

Next, in the light oil stripping step (S130), the pyrolysis oil is transferred and stored into the distillation column 131, heated and distilled by the heater 135 to separate the heavy oil and light oil, and then the heavy oil is stored in the heavy oil storage tank 140. Transport it inside and store it.

Heavy oil is stored in the heavy oil storage tank 140 to be transferred to the next step (S140), and the separated light oil is separated from oil and water by the light oil condenser 137 along a separate transfer line (L2) and then stored in the light oil storage tank ( 138), it can be transferred to the fractional distillation process described later (indicated by ① in FIGS. 2a and 2b) by pumping with the pump (P6).

In the light oil stripping step (S130), a packing bed 10 (see FIG. 12) is installed in multiple stages (e.g., 6 stages) in the distillation column 131, and heat distillation is performed at 160 to 180 ° C. This separates heavy oil and light oil.

Next, in the catalytic cracking step (S140), the heavy oil in the heavy oil storage tank 140 is supplied into the reactor 150 and then heated and distilled at 350 to 400° C., and the catalyst installed at the top of the reactor 150 Passing through the cracking column 161, high molecular hydrocarbons are separated into low molecular hydrocarbons by a cracking reaction of the catalyst 163.

The oil vapor vaporized after being heated in the reaction furnace 150 contains other heavy oils such as diesel components and wax components, and a low molecular weight cracking reaction of high molecular weight hydrocarbons is performed by the function of the catalyst 163 in the catalytic cracking column 161. The process takes place. The light oil produced through the cracking reaction is transferred to the next process, the fractional distillation process (indicated by ① in Figures 2a and 2b).

In the catalytic cracking column 161, a multi-stage, for example, two-stage tray 162 is installed, and a certain amount of a specific catalyst 163 is left standing in the tray 162. At this time, dechlorination can be achieved by using a catalyst that has the function of neutralizing dechlorination. The temperature at this time can be controlled at 180~230℃, and it is possible to separate things such as gasoline, kerosene, diesel oil, etc. and some water mixed with oil in the second step. The surface of the tray 162 is formed in a wrinkled shape to expand the contact area between gas and oil, thereby further improving the catalyst tracking reaction.

In the catalytic cracking step (S140), the reactor heating condenser 155 is installed outside the reactor 150, thereby heating the heavy oil introduced into the reactor 150 by the reactor heating condenser 155. Continuous supply in a circulation manner effectively prevents coking inside the reactor 150 in advance, thereby extending the lifespan of the reactor 150.

Next, in the fractional distillation step (S150), the low molecular weight hydrocarbons produced through the catalytic cracking step (S140) are heat-distilled and fractionated into light gas oil (LGO) and light diesel oil (LDO). Light gas oil and light diesel oil are temporarily stored in the light gas oil tank (T1) and light diesel oil tank (T2), respectively.

In the fractional distillation step (S150), the oil vapor generated at the top of the fractional distillation column 171 is liquefied through the light gas oil reflux condenser (C1) and then stored in the light gas oil tank (T1), and the light gas oil Some of the light gas oil in the tank (T1) is reintroduced into the fractional distillation column (171) by the reflux pump (P2).

The oil vapor generated at the bottom of the fractional distillation column 171 is liquefied through the light diesel oil reflux condenser (C2) and then stored in the light diesel oil storage tank (T2). Although not shown in the drawing, some of the light diesel oil in the light gas oil tank (T2) may be reintroduced into the fractional distillation column (171) by the reflux pump (P2).

In other words, at the top of the fractional distillation column 171, the generated oil vapor is liquefied through the reflux condenser (C1), and then some of the light gas oil is returned to the fractional distillation column (171) by the reflux pump (P2). , the remaining light gas oil is sent to the light gas oil tank (T1) and stored.

By installing packing beds 10 (see FIG. 12) in multiple stages within the fractional distillation column 171, the fractional distillation effect can be further improved.

At the bottom of the fractional distillation column 171, the generated oil vapor is liquefied through a reflux condenser (C2) and then stored in the light diesel oil tank (T2), and a portion of the light diesel oil is reheated in the reheat boiler (183). It is converted into oil vapor and sent back to the fractional distillation column 171 for fractional distillation, and the remaining light diesel oil is sent from the reheat boiler 183 to the light diesel tank (T2) and stored.

Next, in the final purification step (S160), the light gas oil in the light gas oil tank (T1) and the light diesel oil in the light diesel oil tank (T2) are filtered through a filter (192) filled with solid silica gel (or silica gel/activated carbon). to finally remove impurities (for example, sulfur oxides, chlorine compounds, unsaturated hydrocarbons, etc.) contained in light gas oil and light diesel oil.

Light gas oil and light diesel oil are configured to pass through the filter 192 by pumping by the pump P7.

Finally, in the exhaust gas purification step (S170), the refined light gas oil and light diesel oil are stored in the light gas oil storage tank 181 and the light diesel oil storage tank 182, respectively, and the light gas oil storage tank is stored in the light gas oil storage tank 182. The non-condensable gas generated from (181) and the light diesel oil storage tank (182) is purified through the gas buffer tank (196) and the gas purification tank (197), and then passes through the adsorption tower (198) to undergo UV (ultraviolet) photolysis. After the bad smell is removed, it is discharged into the atmosphere through the blowing fan (199).

Hereinafter, with reference to FIGS. 2A, 2B, and 3, a high-quality light oil purification system of pyrolysis oil according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described. In the same drawing, the unexplained symbol P refers to a typical pump that pumps fluid (for example, pyrolysis oil or light oil, etc.).

As shown in FIGS. 2A, 2B, and 3, the high-quality light oil purification system of pyrolysis oil according to an embodiment of the present invention is for receiving and pre-treating pyrolysis oil (recycled oil) produced by the pyrolysis system (1). Pretreatment tank 110; An oil-water separator (120) for separating pyrolysis oil and moisture (water); Light oil stripper (130) for separating heavy oil and light oil; Heavy oil storage tank 140 for storing separated heavy oil; A reactor 150 and a catalytic cracking unit 160 for catalytic cracking of heavy oil; Fractional distillation unit 170 for fractional distillation of light gas oil and light diesel oil; Light gas oil tank (T1) for temporarily storing light gas oil; Light diesel oil tank (T2) for temporarily storing light diesel oil; a final refining unit 190 to produce high quality light oil; and an exhaust gas purification unit 195 to prevent the emission of pollutants into the atmosphere. There are technical features including:

Hereinafter, the components of a high-quality light oil refining system for pyrolysis oil according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail.

First, as shown in FIGS. 2A, 3, and 4, the pretreatment tank 110 is linked to the pyrolysis process to bypass and store the pyrolysis oil generated through the pyrolysis process, and uses a coagulant for the pretreatment process. After addition, it is maintained at a constant temperature to initially separate and remove impurities contained in the pyrolysis oil.

Here, the pyrolysis oil (regenerated oil) containing sludge, moisture, foreign substances, pyrolysis gas, etc. generated in the pyrolysis system 1 is bypassed as is, pumped with a pump P3, and transferred into the pretreatment tank 110 for storage. .

In the pretreatment tank 110, 1% sodium hydroxide (NaOH) is added as a coagulant or adsorbent and maintained at 90-100°C to effectively separate and remove impurities (sludge, moisture, gas, etc.) contained in the pyrolysis oil. The coagulant is stored in the coagulant tank 111 and is pumped into the pretreatment tank 110 by pumping the pump P4.

In addition, as shown in FIGS. 2A, 3, and 5, the oil/water separator 120 separates and removes moisture contained in the pyrolysis oil. The separated pyrolysis oil is re-transferred to the light oil stripper (130), and the removed moisture (including part of the oil) is collected in the storage tank (122) and then pumped by the pump (P5) along the separate discharge line (L1). is discharged to the outside.

In addition, as shown in FIGS. 2A, 3, and 6, the light oil stripper 130 strips heavy oil and light oil by heating and distilling the pyrolysis oil. The pyrolysis oil is transferred and stored into the distillation column 131, heated and distilled by the heater 135 to separate heavy oil and light oil, and then the heavy oil is stored in the heavy oil storage tank 140. A packing bed 10 (see FIG. 12) is installed in multiple stages (e.g., 6 stages) in the distillation column 131, and a weak vacuum pump (about 0.1Mpa) (not shown) is used to extract light oil. Separate heavy oil and light oil by heating and distilling at 160~180℃.

The separated heavy oil is stored in the heavy oil storage tank 140 to be transferred to the next process (catalytic cracking reaction process), and the separated light oil is separated into oil and water by the light oil condenser 137 along a separate transfer line (L2). After being stored in the light oil storage tank 138, it can be transferred to a fractional distillation process (marked by ① in FIGS. 2A and 2B) described later by pumping by the pump P6.

In addition, as shown in FIGS. 2A, 3, and 8, the reactor 150 heats and distills the heavy oil supplied from the heavy oil storage tank 140.

The catalytic cracking unit 160 is installed on the upper side of the reactor 150 and performs a catalytic cracking reaction to separate high molecular hydrocarbons into low molecular hydrocarbons. The light oil produced through the cracking reaction is transferred to the next process, the fractional distillation process (indicated by ① in Figures 2a and 2b).

Inside the catalytic cracking column 161, two-stage trays 162 may be installed in an alternating manner, and a certain amount of a specific catalyst 163 is placed in the trays 162. At this time, dechlorination can be carried out using a catalyst that has a dechlorination neutralizing function.

At this time, the catalytic cracking temperature can be controlled at 180~230℃, and some water mixed with gasoline, kerosene, diesel oil, and secondary oil is separated. The heat source for catalytic cracking can be an electric heater heating method.

A two-stage tray 162 is installed in the catalytic cracking column 161, and a specific catalyst 163 is left standing in the tray 162 for a certain amount. At this time, a catalyst having the function of neutralizing dechlorination is used. It can be used to achieve dechlorination. The surface of the tray 162 is formed in a wrinkled shape to expand the contact area between gas and oil, thereby further improving the catalyst tracking reaction.

In the catalytic cracking process, a reactor heating condenser 155 is installed outside the reactor 150, and the heavy oil introduced into the reactor 150 is heated by the reactor heating condenser 155 in a circulation manner. Continuous supply effectively prevents coking inside the reactor 150 in advance, thereby extending the life of the reactor 150.

In addition, as shown in FIGS. 2B, 3, and 9, the fractional distillation unit 170 heats and distills the low molecular weight hydrocarbons generated through the catalytic cracking process to produce light gas oil (LGO) and light diesel oil (LDO). ) and fractionally distilled. Light gas oil (LGO) and light diesel oil (LDO) produced through the fractional distillation process are transported and stored in the light gas oil tank (T1) and light diesel oil tank (T2), respectively.

The light gas oil tank T1 stores light gas oil separated by the fractional distillation unit 170 and generated at the upper side of the fractional distillation column 171.

The light diesel oil tank T2 stores light diesel oil separated by the fractional distillation unit 170 and generated at the lower side of the fractional distillation column 171.

In the fractional distillation process, the oil vapor generated at the top of the fractional distillation column 171 is liquefied through the light gas oil reflux condenser C1 and then stored in the light gas oil tank T1. ) Some of the light gas oil inside is reintroduced into the fractional distillation column (171) by the reflux pump (P2).

The oil vapor generated at the bottom of the fractional distillation column 171 is liquefied through the light diesel oil reflux condenser (C2) and then stored in the light diesel oil storage tank (T2). Although not shown in the drawing, some of the light diesel oil in the light gas oil tank (T2) may be reintroduced into the fractional distillation column (171) by the reflux pump (P2).

In other words, at the top of the fractional distillation column 171, the generated oil vapor is liquefied through the reflux condenser (C1), and then some of the light gas oil is returned to the fractional distillation column (171) by the reflux pump (P2). , the remaining light gas oil is sent to the light gas oil tank (T1) and stored.

By installing packing beds 10 (see FIG. 12) in multiple stages within the fractional distillation column 171, the fractional distillation effect can be further improved.

At the bottom of the fractional distillation column (171), the generated oil vapor is liquefied through a reflux condenser (C2) and then stored in the light diesel oil tank (T2), and a portion of the light diesel oil is reheated in the reheat boiler (183). It is converted into oil vapor and sent back to the fractional distillation column 171 for fractional distillation, and the remaining light diesel oil is sent from the reheat boiler 183 to the light diesel tank (T2) and stored.

As shown in FIGS. 2B, 3, and 9, the tray-type fractional distillation unit 170 of the present invention includes a fractional distillation column 171, a plurality of trays 172 installed inside the fractional distillation column 171, It may be composed of a reflux condenser (C1) (C2) installed in the reflux line (L1).

Inside the fractional distillation column 171, hot oil vapor flows from the bottom to the top, and liquid light oil flows from the top to the bottom. During the fractional distillation process, the substance is converted through thousands of distillation reaction contacts between gas and oil. As a result, it is classified into light gas oil (LGO) and light diesel oil (LDO).

In the fractional distillation process, the upper part centered on the input portion inside the fractional distillation column 171 may be divided into a rectifying section and a stripping section.

At the bottom of the fractional distillation column (171), the generated oil vapor is liquefied through a reflux condenser (C2) and then stored in the light diesel oil tank (T2). In the reheating boiler (183), part of the light diesel oil is liquefied. It is reheated and converted into oil vapor and sent back to the fractional distillation column 171 for fractional distillation, and the remaining light diesel oil is sent from the reheating boiler 183 to the light diesel tank (T2) and stored.

At the top of the fractional distillation column (171), the generated oil vapor is liquefied through a reflux condenser (C1), and then some of the light gas oil is returned to the fractional distillation column (171) by the reflux pump (P2), and the remaining light gas oil is returned to the fractional distillation column (171). Gas oil is sent to the light gas oil tank (T1) and stored.

Inside the fractional distillation column 171, a plurality of trays 172 (shown in FIG. 9) are sequentially arranged at regular intervals up and down, and the surface of the trays 172 is formed in a wrinkled shape, The optimal material exchange of gas and oil is repeated countless times, and light oil with different properties is cracked and separated through the upper line, side line, and lower line. This structure makes it possible to produce high-quality light oil with low viscosity and low pour point.

In addition, as shown in FIGS. 2B, 3, and 10, the final purification unit 190 is a solid silica gel ( Alternatively, it passes through a filter 192 filled with silica gel/activated carbon to finally purify impurities contained in light gas oil and light diesel oil, such as sulfur oxides, chlorine compounds, and unsaturated hydrocarbons. A method is used to allow light gas oil and light diesel oil to pass through the silica gel tank 191, which stores a filter 192 filled with a plurality of solid silica gels (or silica gel/activated carbon).

Lastly, as shown in FIGS. 2B, 3, and 11, the exhaust gas purification unit 195 includes a light gas oil storage tank 181 that stores refined light gas oil and a light gas oil storage tank 181 that stores refined light diesel oil. The non-condensable gas (generating about 2%) generated in the light diesel oil storage tank 182 is purified through the gas buffer tank 196 and the gas purification tank 197, and then passes through the adsorption tower 198 to UV ( ultraviolet) is photodecomposed to remove bad odors and then discharged into the atmosphere through a blowing fan (199). With this configuration, clean gas is stably discharged into the atmosphere.

As described above, the present invention has the following effects.

First, it can be configured smartly and compactly so that it can be easily applied to small-scale pyrolysis systems. By refining the pyrolysis oil (regenerated oil) produced in the pyrolysis system through a precise refining process, it can be reused as a general-purpose fuel and is of high quality. It can be implemented to ensure economic feasibility.

Second, the new method continuously purifies low-quality, high-viscosity mixed heavy oil into high-quality light oil, and obtains high-quality light oil under relatively low temperature conditions. High-quality light oil can be produced in an economical and environmentally friendly manner.

Third, the pyrolysis oil (regenerated oil) generated from the pyrolysis system is first subjected to a pretreatment process to separate and remove impurities contained in the pyrolysis oil, and then heat-distillation (oil vaporization) of the pyrolysis oil through the light oil stripping process to produce light oil and heavy oil. After separation, the separated heavy oil is introduced into the reactor. The heavy oil introduced into the reactor is heated by a reactor heating condenser installed outside the reactor and supplied continuously in a circular manner to prevent coking inside the reactor. It has the effect of prolonging the life of the reactor by effectively preventing it in advance.

Fourth, a two-stage tray is installed in the catalytic cracking column, a certain amount of a specific catalyst is left in the tray, and a catalyst with a dechlorination neutralizing function can be used to perform dechlorination, and the surface of the tray Formed in this wrinkle shape, the contact area between gas and oil can be expanded to further improve the catalytic tracking reaction.

Fifth, by finally removing unstable elements, unsaturated hydrocarbons, sulfur compounds, and chlorine compounds using silica gel, etc., it is possible to produce clean, high-quality light oil with an oil color of about ASTM No. 0.5 to 1.

Sixth, after the oil vapor generated in the fractional distillation process is liquefied through a reflux condenser, some of the light gas oil is returned to the fractional distillation column by a reflux pump, and the remaining light gas oil is sent to a light gas oil tank for storage. , some of the light diesel oil is returned to the fractional distillation column, and the remaining light diesel oil is sent to the light diesel oil tank and stored, thereby further increasing the fractional distillation effect and producing high-quality light diesel oil.

Meanwhile, the specification and drawings disclose preferred embodiments of the present invention, and although specific terms are used, they are used in a general sense to easily explain the technical content of the present invention and to aid understanding of the present invention. It is not intended to limit the scope of the invention. In addition to the embodiments disclosed herein, it is obvious to those skilled in the art that other modifications based on the technical idea of the present invention can be implemented.

The present invention may be modified in various ways and may take various forms. However, it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the particular forms mentioned in the above detailed description, but rather all modifications, equivalents and substitutes within the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims. It should be understood as including.

1: Pyrolysis system (device)
10: Packing bed
110: Pretreatment tank
120: Oil-water separator
130: Light oil stripper
131: distillation column
135: heater
140: Heavy oil storage tank
150: reactor
155: Reactor heating condenser
160: Catalytic cracking unit
170: fractional distillation unit
171: Fractional distillation column
181: Light gas oil storage tank
182; Light diesel oil storage tank
190: final purification unit
191: Silica gel tank
192: Filter
195: Exhaust gas purification unit
196: Gas buffer tank
197: Gas purification tank
198: Adsorption tower
C1: Light gas oil reflux condenser
C2: Light diesel oil reflux condenser
T1: Light gas oil tank
T2: Light diesel oil tank

Claims (11)

A pretreatment step (S110) in which the pyrolysis oil is transferred into the pretreatment tank 110, a coagulant is added to the pretreatment tank 110, and then the temperature is maintained at a constant temperature to separate and remove impurities contained in the pyrolysis oil;
An oil-water separation step (S120) of separating and removing moisture contained in the pyrolysis oil that has undergone the pretreatment step (S110);
A light oil stripping step (S130) in which the pyrolysis oil is transferred into the distillation column 131, heated and distilled to separate the heavy oil and light oil of the pyrolysis oil, and then stored in the heavy oil storage tank 140;
The heavy oil in the heavy oil storage tank 140 is supplied into the reactor 150, heated and distilled at 350 to 400°C, and passed through the catalytic cracking column 161 installed at the top of the reactor 150 by a catalyst. Catalytic cracking step (S140) to separate high molecular hydrocarbons and low molecular hydrocarbons;
The light oil of low molecular weight hydrocarbons produced through the catalytic cracking step (S140) is heat-distilled and fractionated into light gas oil (LGO) and light diesel oil (LDO), and then the light gas oil and light diesel oil are separated into light gas oil (LGO) and light diesel oil (LDO). Fractional distillation step (S150) of storing in a gas oil tank (T1) and a light diesel oil tank (T2); and
The light gas oil in the light gas oil tank (T1) and the light diesel oil in the light diesel oil tank (T2) pass through a filter (192) filled with solid silica gel to remove impurities contained in the light gas oil and light diesel oil. Final purification step (S160); A method for refining high-quality light oil from pyrolysis oil comprising. According to paragraph 1,
Refined light gas oil and light diesel oil are stored in the light gas oil storage tank 181 and the light diesel oil storage tank 182, respectively, and the light gas oil storage tank 181 and the light diesel oil storage tank 182 are stored in the light gas oil storage tank 181 and the light diesel oil storage tank 182. ) is purified by passing through the gas buffer tank 196 and the gas purification tank 197, then passes through the adsorption tower 198, undergoes UV (Ultraviolet) photolysis to remove odor, and is then discharged into the atmosphere. Gas purification step (S170); A method for refining high-quality light oil from pyrolysis oil, further comprising: According to paragraph 1,
In the light oil stripping step (S130), packing beds 10 are installed in multiple stages in the distillation column 131, and the heavy oil and light oil (LGO) are separated by heating and distilling at 160 to 180 ° C. A method for refining high-quality light oil from pyrolysis oil. According to paragraph 1,
In the catalytic cracking step (S140), a reactor heating condenser 155 is installed outside the reactor 150, and light oil introduced into the reactor 150 is heated by the reactor heating condenser 155. A method for refining high-quality light oil from pyrolysis oil, characterized in that it prevents coking inside the reactor (150) and extends the life of the reactor (150) by continuously supplying it in a circulation manner while heating. According to paragraph 1,
In the catalytic cracking step (S140), light oil is distilled by heating at 350 to 400° C. in the reactor (150). delete According to paragraph 1,
In the fractional distillation step (S150), the oil vapor generated at the top of the fractional distillation column 171 is liquefied through the light gas oil reflux condenser (C1) and then stored in the light gas oil tank (T1), and the light gas oil Some of the light gas oil in the tank (T1) is reintroduced into the fractional distillation column (171) by the reflux pump (P2),
A high-quality light oil purification method of pyrolysis oil, characterized in that the oil vapor generated at the bottom of the fractional distillation column (171) is liquefied through a light diesel oil reflux condenser (C2) and then stored in a light diesel oil tank (T2). In clause 7,
In the reheat boiler 183, part of the light diesel oil is reheated and converted into oil vapor and sent back to the fractional distillation column 171 for fractional distillation, and the remaining light diesel oil is transferred from the reheat boiler 183 to the light diesel tank (T2). A method for refining high-quality light oil from pyrolysis oil, characterized in that it is sent and stored. A pre-treatment tank 110 for storing the pyrolysis oil produced through the pyrolysis process in conjunction with the pyrolysis process, adding a coagulant for the pre-treatment process and then heating it to separate and remove impurities contained in the pyrolysis oil;
An oil-water separator (120) for separating and removing moisture contained in the pyrolysis oil that has undergone a pretreatment process;
A light oil stripper (130) for stripping heavy oil and light oil of the pyrolysis oil by heating and distilling the pyrolysis oil that has undergone the oil-water separation process;
A heavy oil storage tank 140 for storing heavy oil generated through a light oil stripping process;
A reactor (150) for heating and distilling the heavy oil supplied from the heavy oil storage tank (140);
A catalytic cracking unit 160 installed on the upper side of the reactor 150 and performing catalytic cracking to separate high molecular hydrocarbons into low molecular hydrocarbons;
A fractional distillation unit 170 that heats and distills light oil of low molecular weight hydrocarbons generated through the catalytic cracking unit to fractionate light gas oil (LGO) and light diesel oil (LDO);
A light gas oil tank (T1) that is separated by the fractional distillation unit 170 and stores light gas oil generated at the upper side of the fractional distillation column 171;
A light diesel oil tank (T2) for storing light diesel oil separated by the fractional distillation unit 170 and generated at the lower side of the fractional distillation column 171; and
The light gas oil in the light gas oil tank (T1) and the light diesel oil in the light diesel oil tank (T2) pass through a filter (192) filled with solid silica gel to finally purify the impurities contained in the light gas oil and light diesel oil. a final purification unit 190 to do so; A high-quality light oil refining system for pyrolysis oil containing. According to clause 9,
Non-condensable gas generated from the light gas oil storage tank 181 for storing refined light gas oil and the light diesel oil storage tank 182 for storing refined light diesel oil is transferred to the gas buffer tank 196 and the gas purification tank. An exhaust gas purification unit (195) that is purified through (197), passes through an adsorption tower (198), undergoes UV (Ultraviolet) photolysis to remove bad odors, and then discharges into the atmosphere; A high-quality light oil purification system for pyrolysis oil further comprising: According to clause 9,
Inside the fractionation column 171, a plurality of trays 172 are sequentially arranged vertically and at regular intervals, and the surfaces of the trays 172 are formed in a wrinkled shape to ensure high quality of pyrolysis oil. Light oil refining system.