KR102587080B1 - Fuel cell stack - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a fuel cell stack, comprising: a cell stack having a disk shape and having a plurality of unit cells stacked along a predetermined stacking direction; a first end plate that has a disk shape and is stacked on one end of the cell stack in the stacking direction; and a second end play formed in a disk shape and laminated on the other end of the cell stack in the stacking direction, wherein each unit cell has a ring-shaped disk shape with a cathode formed on one side and an anode formed on the other side. A membrane electrode assembly comprising a reaction unit, a first inner manifold disposed inside the reaction unit, and a first outer manifold disposed outside the reaction unit; It has a first channel portion formed in a ring-shaped disk shape, a second inner manifold disposed inside the first channel portion, and a second outer manifold disposed outside the first channel portion, and the first channel portion a cathode-side separator plate stacked on the membrane electrode assembly in the stacking direction to face the cathode; and a second channel portion having a ring-shaped disk shape, a third inner manifold disposed inside the second channel portion, and a third outer manifold disposed outside the second channel portion, wherein the second channel An anode-side separator plate is stacked on the membrane electrode assembly in the stacking direction to face the anode.

Description

Fuel cell stack{FUEL CELL STACK}

The present invention relates to fuel cell stacks.

The fuel cell stack is the main power source of a fuel cell vehicle and is a device that generates electricity through the oxidation-reduction reaction of hydrogen and oxygen. This fuel cell stack has a structure in which a plurality of unit cells are stacked.

Each unit cell has a structure in which an electrolyte membrane, an anode, a cathode, a separator, etc. are stacked. High-purity hydrogen is supplied from a hydrogen storage tank to the anode, and atmospheric air supplied by an air compressor or other air supply device flows into the cathode of the stack.

At the anode, the oxidation reaction of hydrogen proceeds to generate hydrogen ions (protons) and electrons (electrons), and the generated hydrogen ions and electrons are moved to the cathode through the polymer electrolyte membrane and separator, respectively. In addition, at the cathode, a reduction reaction occurs involving hydrogen ions and electrons transferred from the anode and oxygen in the air supplied by the air supply device, producing water and simultaneously generating electrical energy by the flow of electrons.

Conventional fuel cell stacks are mainly manufactured to have a hexahedral shape. In this conventional fuel cell stack, the supply direction of the reaction gas and cooling water is fixed in one direction, so there is a problem of a large pressure difference between the inlet and outlet of the reaction gas flow path and the inlet and outlet of the cooling water flow path, and in terms of temperature management. There are problems such as being at a disadvantage. In addition, the conventional fuel cell stack provides surface pressure only through specific surfaces, causing problems such as uneven fastening force distribution and low airtightness.

The present invention is intended to solve the problems of the prior art described above, and provides a fuel cell stack with an improved structure to reduce the differential pressure between the inlet and outlet of the reaction gas flow path and the inlet and outlet of the coolant flow path. It has a purpose.

Furthermore, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a fuel cell stack with an improved structure to reduce the temperature gradient.

Furthermore, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a fuel cell stack with an improved structure so as to uniformize the fastening force of the fuel cell stack.

Furthermore, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a fuel cell stack with an improved structure so as to increase the airtightness of the fuel cell stack.

A fuel cell stack according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention for solving the above-described problems includes a cell stack having a disk shape and including a plurality of unit cells stacked along a predetermined stacking direction; a first end plate that has a disk shape and is stacked on one end of the cell stack in the stacking direction; and a second end play formed in a disk shape and laminated on the other end of the cell stack in the stacking direction, wherein each unit cell has a ring-shaped disk shape with a cathode formed on one side and an anode formed on the other side. A membrane electrode assembly comprising a reaction unit, a first inner manifold disposed inside the reaction unit, and a first outer manifold disposed outside the reaction unit; It has a first channel portion formed in a ring-shaped disk shape, a second inner manifold disposed inside the first channel portion, and a second outer manifold disposed outside the first channel portion, and the first channel portion a cathode-side separator plate stacked on the membrane electrode assembly in the stacking direction to face the cathode; and a second channel portion having a ring-shaped disk shape, a third inner manifold disposed inside the second channel portion, and a third outer manifold disposed outside the second channel portion, wherein the second channel An anode-side separator plate is stacked on the membrane electrode assembly in the stacking direction to face the anode.

Preferably, the membrane electrode assembly, the cathode side separator, and the anode side separator are stacked so that the inner manifolds are aligned to form an inner flow path and the outer manifolds are aligned to form an outer flow path.

Preferably, the inner flow path has an inner air flow path and an inner hydrogen flow path formed to be independent from each other, and the outer flow path has an outer air flow path and an outer hydrogen flow path formed to be independent from each other.

Preferably, the unit cells are each interposed between the membrane electrode assembly and the cathode-side separator such that an air channel connecting the inner air flow path and the outer air flow path is formed between the cathode and the first channel portion. A first gasket is further provided.

Preferably, the unit cells are each interposed between the membrane electrode assembly and the anode-side separator such that a hydrogen channel connecting the inner hydrogen flow path and the outer hydrogen flow path is formed between the anode and the second channel portion. A second gasket is further provided.

Preferably, the first end plate has an air outlet connected to the outer air passage, and the second end plate has an air supply port connected to the inner air passage.

Preferably, the first end plate has a hydrogen supply port connected to the outer hydrogen flow path, and the second end plate has a hydrogen outlet connected to the inner hydrogen flow path.

Preferably, a first current collector plate interposed between the cathode side separator plate and the first end plate provided in a unit cell located at the one end of the cell stack among the unit cells; and a second current collector plate interposed between the anode side separator plate and the second end plate provided in a unit cell located at the other end of the cell stack among the unit cells.

Preferably, the first current collector plate has a disk shape having a diameter corresponding to the outer diameter of the first channel portion, is interposed between the first channel portion and the first end plate, and the second current collector plate is , It is made of a disk shape with a diameter corresponding to the outer diameter of the second channel portion, and is interposed between the second channel portion and the second end plate.

Preferably, the second current collector plate has an air delivery port connecting the inner air flow path and the air supply port, and a hydrogen delivery port connecting the inner hydrogen flow path and the hydrogen outlet.

Preferably, the inner flow path further has an inner coolant flow path formed to be independent from the inner hydrogen flow path and the inner air flow path, and the outer flow path has an outer coolant flow path formed to be independent from the outer hydrogen flow path and the outer air flow path. have more

Preferably, the inner hydrogen flow path, the inner air flow path, and the inner coolant flow path are arranged radially around the center of the unit cell, and the outer air flow path, the outer air flow path, and the outer coolant flow path are It is arranged radially around the center of the unit cell.

Preferably, a plurality of the inner hydrogen flow path, the inner air flow path, and the inner coolant flow path are each arranged radially at predetermined intervals, and the outer hydrogen flow path, the outer air flow path, and the outer coolant flow path are each arranged radially at predetermined intervals. Each is arranged radially at predetermined intervals.

Preferably, the unit cells each include the first channel portion of the cathode-side separator and the unit, in which a cooling water channel connecting the inner coolant flow path and the outer hydrogen flow path is provided in any one of the unit cells. It further includes a third gasket interposed between one unit cell and the other unit cell to be formed between the second channel portion of the anode-side separator provided in another one of the cells. .

Preferably, the inner coolant flow path has a first inner coolant flow path and a second inner coolant flow path formed to be independent from each other, and the outer coolant flow path has a first outer coolant flow path and a second outer coolant flow path formed to be independent from each other. .

Preferably, the first end plate has a first coolant supply port connected to the first outer coolant flow path and a first coolant outlet connected to the first inner coolant flow path, and the second end plate includes the second coolant outlet. It has a second coolant supply port connected to the outer coolant flow path, and a second coolant outlet connected to the second inner coolant flow path.

Preferably, it further includes a stack enclosure in which the unit cells, the first end plate, and the second end plate are accommodated.

Preferably, the stack enclosure includes a main body that has a hollow cylindrical shape and accommodates the unit cells in the hollow, a first cover coupled to one end of the main body to cover an opening on one side of the hollow, and a first cover on the other side of the hollow. A second cover coupled to the other end of the main body is provided to cover the opening.

Preferably, the main body is provided with at least one guide groove formed along the stacking direction on the inner peripheral surface of the hollow, and the unit cells, the first end plate, and the second end plate are each inserted into the guide groove. It is provided with a guide protrusion formed as much as possible.

Preferably, the main body has a first screw thread formed on the outer peripheral surface of the one end and a second screw thread formed on the outer peripheral surface of the other end, and the first cover is formed on the inner peripheral surface to be screwed with the first screw thread. It has a screw thread, and the second cover has a screw thread formed on the inner peripheral surface to be screwed with the second screw thread.

The present invention relates to a fuel cell stack, and has the following effects.

First, the present invention improves the structure of the fuel cell stack to have a cylindrical shape, thereby reducing the differential pressure between the inlet and outlet of the reaction gas flow path and the inlet and outlet of the cooling water flow path.

Second, the present invention can reduce the temperature gradient of the fuel cell stack by providing a plurality of coolant passages through which coolant passes in opposite directions.

Third, the present invention can equalize the fastening force of the fuel cell stack and ensure airtightness of the fuel cell stack by screwing covers capable of providing surface pressure to the unit cells at both ends of the main body of the stack enclosure in which the unit cells are accommodated. can be increased.

1 is an exploded perspective view of a fuel cell stack according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 2 is a combined perspective view of the fuel cell stack shown in Figure 1.
Figure 3 is a perspective view of the bottom of the cover.
Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view for explaining the coupling relationship between the stack enclosure and the cover.
Figure 5 is a top view of a unit cell.
Figure 6 is an exploded perspective view of a unit cell.
Figure 7 is a top view of the membrane electrode assembly.
Figure 8 is a top view of the cathode side separator plate.
Figure 9 is a top view of the anode side separator plate.
Figure 10 is a bottom view of the membrane electrode assembly.
Figure 11 is a side view of the first end plate.
Figure 12 is a top view of the first end plate.
Figure 13 is a bottom view of the first end plate.
FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view taken along line I-I of the first end plate shown in FIG. 11.
Figure 15 is a side view of the second end plate.
Figure 16 is a top view of the second end plate.
Figure 17 is a bottom view of the second end plate.
FIG. 18 is a cross-sectional view taken along line II-II of the second end plate shown in FIG. 15.
Figure 19 is a top view of the first current collector plate.
Figure 20 is a top view of the second current collector plate.
21 is a diagram showing how hydrogen circulates through a fuel cell stack.
Figure 22 is a diagram showing how air circulates through the fuel cell stack.
23 and 24 are diagrams showing how coolant circulates through the fuel cell stack.
Figure 25 is a diagram showing how hydrogen, air, and coolant pass through a hydrogen channel, an air channel, and a coolant channel, respectively.

Hereinafter, some embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail through illustrative drawings. When adding reference numerals to components in each drawing, it should be noted that identical components are given the same reference numerals as much as possible even if they are shown in different drawings. Additionally, when describing embodiments of the present invention, if detailed descriptions of related known configurations or functions are judged to impede understanding of the embodiments of the present invention, the detailed descriptions will be omitted.

In describing the components of the embodiment of the present invention, terms such as first, second, A, B, (a), and (b) may be used. These terms are only used to distinguish the component from other components, and the nature, sequence, or order of the component is not limited by the term. Additionally, unless otherwise defined, all terms used herein, including technical or scientific terms, have the same meaning as generally understood by a person of ordinary skill in the technical field to which the present invention pertains. Terms defined in commonly used dictionaries should be interpreted as having a meaning consistent with the meaning in the context of the related technology, and should not be interpreted in an ideal or excessively formal sense unless explicitly defined in the present application. No.

Figure 1 is an exploded perspective view of a fuel cell stack according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and Figure 2 is a combined perspective view of the fuel cell stack shown in Figure 1.

Referring to FIG. 1, the fuel cell stack 1 according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention includes a stack enclosure 10, a cell stack 20, a first end plate 30, and a second end plate. It may include (40), a first current collector plate (50), a second current collector plate (60), etc. As shown in FIG. 2, these fuel cell stacks 1 can be combined to form a cylindrical shape.

Figure 3 is a bottom perspective view of the cover, and Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view for explaining the coupling relationship between the stack enclosure and the cover.

First, the stack enclosure 10 includes a main body 12 having a hollow cylindrical shape, a first cover 14 that covers and closes the lower opening 12b of the main body 12, and an upper side of the main body 12. A second cover 16 that covers and closes the opening 12c may be provided.

A cell stack 20, which will be described later, is accommodated in the internal space 12a of the main body 12. As shown in FIG. 1, guide grooves 12f into which guide protrusions 22n can be inserted are formed on the inner surface of the internal space 12a of the main body 12 along a predetermined stacking direction. The stacking direction refers to the direction for forming the fuel cell stack 1 by stacking the cell stack 20, end plates 30 and 40, and current collector plates 50 and 60. In addition, as shown in FIG. 1, first screw threads 12d and second screw threads 12e are formed along the upper and lower ends of the outer surface of the main body 12, respectively.

The first cover 14 includes a first cover part 14a that covers the lower opening 12b of the main body 12 and can be closed, and a first coupling part 14b that can be coupled to the main body 12. You can have it. The first cover portion 14a has a disk shape with an area corresponding to the lower opening 12b of the main body 12. A first insertion hole 14c is formed in the center of the first cover portion 14a to enable insertion of the first protrusion 32 of the first end plate 30, which will be described later. The first coupling portion 14b extends from the outer peripheral surface of the first cover portion 14a in the stacking direction to have a ring shape. As shown in FIG. 1, a screw thread 14d is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the first cover 14 so as to be screwable to the first screw thread 12d of the main body 12.

The second cover 16 includes a second cover part 16a that covers the upper opening 12c of the main body 12 and can be closed, and a second coupling part 16b that can be coupled to the main body 12. You can have it. The second cover portion 16a has a disk shape with an area corresponding to the upper opening 12c of the main body 12. A second insertion hole 16c is formed in the center of the second cover portion 16a to allow insertion of the second protrusion 42 of the second end plate 40, which will be described later. The second coupling portion 16b extends from the outer peripheral surface of the second cover portion 16a in the stacking direction to have a ring shape. As shown in FIG. 3, a screw thread 16d is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the second cover portion 16a so as to be screwably coupled to the second screw thread 12e of the main body 12.

As shown in FIG. 4, this stack enclosure 10 is connected to the first cover 14 through screw coupling of the first screw thread 12d of the main body 12 and the screw thread 14d of the first coupling portion 14b. ) is coupled to the lower end of the main body 12, and the second cover 16 is connected by screwing the second screw thread 12e of the main body 12 and the screw thread 16d of the second coupling portion 16b. By coupling to the upper end of the main body 12, it can be assembled to have a cylindrical shape. According to this stack enclosure 10, uniform surface pressure can be applied to the unit cells 21 in both opposing directions through the covers 14 and 16, and reactive gases such as hydrogen and air can be introduced into the fuel cell stack. The airtightness of the fuel cell stack (1) can be improved to prevent leakage to the outside of (1).

Figure 5 is a top view of the unit cell, and Figure 6 is an exploded perspective view of the unit cell.

Next, the cell stack 20 is formed by stacking a plurality of unit cells 21 along the stacking direction. As shown in FIG. 5, each unit cell 21 is provided such that an inner flow path 21a is formed at the center and an outer flow path 21b is formed at the outer circumference spaced apart from the center by a predetermined distance.

As shown in FIG. 5, the inner flow path 21a includes an inner hydrogen flow path 21c formed to be independent from each other, an inner air flow path 21d, a first inner coolant flow path 21e, and a second inner coolant flow path. (21f) etc. may be provided. Preferably, the inner hydrogen flow path 21c, the inner air flow path 21d, the first inner coolant flow path 21e, and the second inner coolant flow path 21f may be arranged radially. More preferably, a plurality of the inner hydrogen flow path 21c, the inner air flow path 21d, the first inner coolant flow path 21e, and the second inner coolant flow path 21f may be arranged radially. For example, as shown in FIG. 5, the inner flow path 21a includes an inner hydrogen flow path 21c, an inner air flow path 21d, a first inner coolant flow path 21e, and a second inner flow path within a central angle of 90°. It will include four inner hydrogen flow paths (21c), an inner air flow path (21d), a first inner coolant flow path (21e), and a second inner coolant flow path (21f) so that each coolant flow path (21f) is arranged radially, one by one. You can. The inner hydrogen flow path 21c, the inner air flow path 21d, the first inner coolant flow path 21e, and the second inner coolant may each be provided to have a predetermined central angle. For example, the inner hydrogen passage 21c may have a central angle of 20°, the inner air passage 21d may have a central angle of 40°, and the inner coolant passages 21e and 21f may each have a central angle of 15°. It can have a central angle.

As shown in FIG. 5, the outer flow path 21b includes an outer hydrogen flow path 21g formed to be independent from each other, an outer air flow path 21h, a first outer coolant flow path 21i, and a second outer coolant flow path. (21j) etc. may be provided. Preferably, the outer hydrogen flow path 21g, the outer air flow path 21h, the first outer coolant flow path 21i, and the second outer coolant flow path 21j may be arranged radially. Moreover, preferably, a plurality of the outer hydrogen flow path 21g, the outer air flow path 21h, the first outer coolant flow path 21i, and the second outer coolant flow path 21j may be arranged radially. For example, as shown in FIG. 5, the outer coolant flow path includes an outer hydrogen flow path 21g, an outer air flow path 21h, a first outer coolant flow path 21i, and a second outer coolant flow path within a central angle of 90°. It may include four outer hydrogen flow paths (21g), an outer air flow path (21h), a first outer coolant flow path (21i), and a second outer coolant flow path (21j), so that each (21j) is arranged radially, one by one. . The outer hydrogen flow path 21g, the outer air flow path 21h, the first outer coolant flow path 21i, and the second outer coolant flow path 21j may each be provided to have a predetermined central angle. For example, the outer hydrogen passage 21g may have a central angle of 20°, the outer air passage 21h may have a central angle of 40°, and the outer coolant passages 21i and 21j may each have a central angle of 15°. It can have a central angle.

The structure of this unit cell 21 is not particularly limited. For example, as shown in FIG. 6, each unit cell 21 is separated from the membrane electrode assembly 22, the cathode side gas diffusion layer 23, the anode side gas diffusion layer 24, and the cathode side separation. A plate 25, an anode side separation plate 26, etc. may be provided.

Figure 7 is a top view of the membrane electrode assembly, Figure 8 is a top view of the cathode side separator, Figure 9 is a top view of the anode side separator, and Figure 10 is a bottom view of the membrane electrode assembly.

As shown in FIG. 7, the membrane electrode assembly 22 includes a reaction portion 22a having a ring-shaped disk shape, an inner sub gasket 22b disposed inside the reaction portion 22a, and a reaction portion ( An outer sub gasket 22c disposed outside 22a) may be provided.

The reaction unit 22a may have an electrolyte membrane (not shown), a cathode 22o formed on the lower surface of the electrolyte membrane, and an anode 22p formed on the upper surface of the electrolyte membrane. Accordingly, the cathode 22o is located on the lower surface of the reaction unit 22a, and the anode 22p is located on the upper surface of the reaction unit 22a.

The inner sub gasket 22b has a disk shape and is disposed inside the reaction portion 22a so as to be located at the center of the membrane electrode assembly 22. In this inner sub gasket 22b, a first inner manifold 22d is formed to form the inner flow path 21a described above.

As shown in FIG. 7, the first inner manifold 22d includes an inner hydrogen manifold 22e, an inner air manifold 22f, and a first inner coolant manifold 22g formed to be independent of each other. , may have a second inner coolant manifold (22h). The inner hydrogen manifold 22e, the inner air manifold 22f, the first inner coolant manifold 22g, and the second inner coolant manifold 22h are the inner hydrogen flow path 21c and the inner air flow path ( 21d), and is formed to have the same arrangement as the first inner coolant flow path 21e and the second inner coolant flow path 21f. For example, as shown in FIG. 7, the first inner manifold 22d includes an inner hydrogen manifold 22e, an inner air manifold 22f, and a first inner coolant manifold (22f) within a central angle of 90°. The inner hydrogen manifold 22e, the inner air manifold 22f, the first inner coolant manifold 22g, and the second inner coolant manifold 22g) and the second inner coolant manifold 22h are each disposed radially. It can have 4 manifolds (22h) each. In this case, the inner hydrogen manifold 22e may have a central angle of 20°, the inner air manifold 22f may have a central angle of 40°, and the inner coolant manifolds 22g and 22h may have a central angle of 40°, respectively. It can have a central angle of 15°.

The outer sub gasket 22c has a ring-shaped disk shape and is disposed outside the reaction portion 22a so as to be external to the outer periphery of the membrane electrode assembly 22. In this outer sub gasket 22c, a first outer manifold 22i is formed to form the outer flow path 21b described above.

As shown in FIG. 7, the first outer manifold 22i includes an outer hydrogen manifold 22j, an outer air manifold 22k, and a first outer coolant manifold 22l formed to be independent of each other. , the first outer coolant manifold 22l and the second outer coolant manifold 22m include the above-described outer hydrogen flow path 21g, the outer air flow path 21h, the first outside coolant flow path 21i, and the second outer coolant flow path 21i. It is formed to have the same arrangement form as the coolant flow passage 21j. For example, as shown in FIG. 7, the first outer manifold 22i includes an outer hydrogen manifold 22j, an outer air manifold 22k, and a first outer coolant manifold (22k) within a central angle of 90°. The outer hydrogen manifold (22j), the outer air manifold (22k), the first outer coolant manifold (22l), and the second outer coolant manifold (22l) are disposed one by one, respectively. (22m) can have 4 each. In this case, the outer hydrogen manifold 22j may have a central angle of 20°, the outer air manifold 22k may have a central angle of 40°, and the outer coolant manifolds 22l and 22m, respectively. It can have a central angle of 15°.

As shown in FIG. 5, this membrane electrode assembly 22 further includes guide protrusions 22n formed at predetermined intervals along the circumference so as to be insertable into the guide groove 12f of the stack enclosure 10. You can have it.

As shown in FIG. 6, the cathode-side gas diffusion layer 23 has a disk-shaped ring shape with an area corresponding to the reaction portion 22a, and is attached to the reaction portion (22a) so as to be seated on the cathode 22o of the reaction portion 22a. It is laminated on the bottom of 22a).

As shown in FIG. 6, the anode-side gas diffusion layer 24 has a disk-shaped ring shape with an area corresponding to the reaction portion 22a, and is positioned in the reaction portion (22a) so as to be seated on the anode 22p of the reaction portion 22a. It is laminated on the upper surface of 22a).

As shown in FIG. 8, the cathode side separation plate 25 includes a first channel portion 25a formed in a ring-shaped disk shape, and a second inner manifold disposed inside the first channel portion 25a ( 25b) and a second outer manifold 25c disposed outside the first channel portion 25a.

The first channel portion 25a may have a ring-shaped disk shape with an area corresponding to that of the reaction portion 22a.

The second inner manifold 25b has a disk shape and is disposed inside the first channel portion 25a so as to be located at the center of the cathode side separator 25. This second inner manifold 25b is formed to form an inner flow path 21a by joining with the first inner manifold 22d. For example, as shown in FIG. 8, the second inner manifold 25b includes an inner hydrogen manifold 25d, an inner air manifold 25e, and a first inner coolant manifold formed independently of each other. (25f) and a second inner coolant manifold (25g). The inner hydrogen manifold 25d, the inner air manifold 25e, the first inner coolant manifold 25f, and the second inner coolant manifold 25g are the inner hydrogen manifold 22e, the inner air manifold (22f), has the same configuration as the first inner coolant manifold 22g and the second inner coolant manifold 22h. Accordingly, further detailed description of the second inner manifold 25b will be omitted.

The second outer manifold 25c, when formed in a ring-shaped disk shape, is disposed outside the first channel portion 25a so as to be located on the outer periphery of the cathode-side separator plate 25. This second outer manifold 25c is formed to form an outer flow path 21b by joining with the first outer manifold 22i. For example, as shown in FIG. 8, the second outer manifold 25c includes an outer hydrogen manifold 25h, an outer air manifold 25i, and a first outer coolant manifold formed independently of each other. (25j) and a second outer coolant manifold (25j). The outer hydrogen manifold 25h, the outer air manifold 25i, the first outer coolant manifold 25j, and the second outer coolant manifold 25j are the outer hydrogen manifold 22j, the outer air manifold (22k), has the same configuration as the first outer coolant manifold (22l) and the second outer coolant manifold (22m). Accordingly, further detailed description of the second outer manifold 25c will be omitted.

As shown in FIG. 6, in this cathode side separation plate 25, the cathode side gas diffusion layer 23 and the first channel portion 25a face each other, and the second inner manifold 25b and the second The outer manifold 25c may be stacked on the lower surface of the membrane electrode assembly 22 in the stacking direction so that it coincides with the first inner manifold 22d and the first outer manifold 22i.

As shown in FIG. 5, the cathode side separator 25 has guide protrusions 25l formed at predetermined intervals along the circumference so as to be insertable into the guide groove 12f of the stack enclosure 10. You can have more.

As shown in FIG. 9, the anode side separator 26 includes a second channel portion 26a formed in a ring-shaped disk shape, and a third inner manifold disposed inside the second channel portion 26a ( 26b) and a third outer manifold 26c disposed outside the second channel portion 26a.

The second channel portion 26a may have a ring-shaped disk shape with an area corresponding to that of the reaction portion 22a.

The third inner manifold 26b has a disk shape and is disposed inside the second channel portion 26a so as to be located at the center of the anode-side separator plate 26. This third inner manifold 26b is formed to form an inner flow path 21a by joining with the first inner manifold 22d. For example, as shown in FIG. 9, the third inner manifold 26b includes an inner hydrogen manifold 26d, an inner air manifold 26e, and a first inner coolant manifold formed independently of each other. (26f) and a second inner coolant manifold (26g). The inner hydrogen manifold 26d, the inner air manifold 26e, the first inner coolant manifold 26f, and the second inner coolant manifold 26g are the inner hydrogen manifold 22e, the inner air manifold (22f), has the same configuration as the first inner coolant manifold 22g and the second inner coolant manifold 22h. Accordingly, further detailed description of the third inner manifold 26b will be omitted.

The third outer manifold 26c has a ring-shaped disk shape and is disposed outside the second channel portion 26a so as to be located on the outer periphery of the anode-side separator plate 26. This third outer manifold 26c is formed to form an outer flow passage 21b by joining with the third outer manifold 26c. For example, as shown in FIG. 9, the third outer manifold 26c includes an outer hydrogen manifold 26h, an outer air manifold 26i, and a first outer coolant manifold formed independently of each other. (26j) and a second outer coolant manifold (26k). The outer hydrogen manifold 26h, the outer air manifold 26i, the first outer coolant manifold 26j, and the second outer coolant manifold 26k are the outer hydrogen manifold 22j and the outer air manifold. (22k), has the same configuration as the first outer coolant manifold (22l) and the second outer coolant manifold (22m). Accordingly, further detailed description of the third outer manifold 26c will be omitted.

As shown in FIG. 6, in this anode side separator plate 26, the anode side gas diffusion layer 24 and the second channel portion 26a face each other, and the third inner manifold 26b and the third The outer manifold 26c may be stacked on the upper surface of the membrane electrode assembly 22 in the stacking direction so that it coincides with the first inner manifold 22d and the first outer manifold 22i.

As shown in FIG. 5, the anode side separator 26 has guide protrusions 26l formed at predetermined intervals along the circumference so as to be insertable into the guide groove 12f of the stack enclosure 10. You can have more.

Meanwhile, each unit cell 21 includes a first gasket 27 and a second gasket ( 28) and a third gasket 29 may be further provided.

As shown in FIG. 10, the first gasket 27 is sandwiched between the lower surface of the membrane electrode assembly 22 and the upper surface of the cathode-side separator 25. It is coupled to the upper surface of (25). This first gasket 27 includes inner hydrogen manifolds 22e, 25d, 26e, inner coolant manifolds 22g, 22h, 25f, 25g, 26f, 26g, outer hydrogen manifolds 22j, 25h. , 26h) and the outer coolant manifolds 22l, 22m, 25j, 25k, 26j, 26k, as well as the inner air manifolds 22f, 25e, 26e and the outer air manifolds 22k, 25i. , 26i) are provided to connect. According to this first gasket 27, an air channel 21k capable of connecting the inner air flow path 21d and the outer air flow path 21h is formed between the first channel portion 25a and the cathode side gas diffusion layer 23. It can be.

As shown in FIG. 7, the second gasket 28 is sandwiched between the upper surface of the membrane electrode assembly 22 and the lower surface of the anode-side separator plate 26. It is coupled to the bottom of (26). This second gasket 28 is connected to inner air manifolds 22f, 25e, 26e, inner coolant manifolds 22g, 22h, 25f, 25g, 26f, 26g, outer air manifolds 22k, 25i. , 26i) and outer coolant manifolds 22l, 22m, 25j, 25k, 26j, 26k, and inner hydrogen manifolds 22e, 25d, 26d and outer hydrogen manifolds 22j, 25h. , 26h) is provided to connect. According to this second gasket 28, a hydrogen channel 21l capable of connecting the inner hydrogen flow path 21c and the outer hydrogen flow path 21g is formed between the second channel portion 26a and the anode side gas diffusion layer 24. It can be.

As shown in FIG. 9, the third gasket 29 separates the anode side separator 26 of one of the unit cells 21 from the cathode side of the other unit cell 21. It is coupled to the upper surface of the anode-side separator plate 26 or the lower surface of the cathode-side separator plate 25 so as to be sandwiched between the plates 25. This third gasket 29 includes inner hydrogen manifolds 22e, 25d, 26d, inner air manifolds 22f, 25e, 26e, outer hydrogen manifolds 22j, 25h, 26h, outer air In addition to airtightening the manipoles (22k, 25i, 26i), the inner coolant manifolds (22g, 22h, 25f, 25g, 26f, 26g) and the outer coolant manifolds (22l, 22m, 25j, 25k, 26j) , 26k) are provided to connect. According to this third gasket 29, between the anode side separator 26 of one of the unit cells 21 and the cathode side separator 25 of the other unit cell 21. A coolant channel 21m capable of connecting the inner coolant channels 21e and 21f and the outer coolant channels 21i and 21j may be formed.

FIG. 11 is a side view of the first end plate, FIG. 12 is a top view of the first end plate, FIG. 13 is a bottom view of the first end plate, and FIG. 14 is a view of the first end plate shown in FIG. 11. This is a cross-sectional view.

As shown in FIGS. 11 and 12 , the first end plate 30 includes a first flat portion 31 laminated on the lower surface of the cell stack 20 and a portion extending from the center of the first flat portion 31. A protruding first protrusion 32, a hydrogen supply port 33 connected to the outer hydrogen flow path 21g of the unit cells 21, and an air outlet connected to the outer air flow path 21h of the unit cells 21 ( 34), a first coolant outlet 35 connected to the first inner coolant flow path 21e of the cell stack 20, and a first coolant connected to the second outer coolant flow path 21j of the cell stack 20. It may have a supply port 36, etc.

The first flat plate portion 31 has a disk shape with an area corresponding to the unit cell 21. The first protrusion 32 protrudes from the center of the first flat portion 31 to have a predetermined height. The first protrusion 32 has a diameter corresponding to the first insertion hole 14c so that it can be inserted into the first insertion hole 14c of the above-described first cover part 14a.

The hydrogen supply port 33 is formed to penetrate the inside of the first end plate 30 in the stacking direction. This hydrogen supply port 33 is preferably connected to a hydrogen supply line (not shown) for supplying hydrogen supplied from a hydrogen storage tank (not shown) to the fuel cell stack 1, but is not limited thereto. . As shown in FIGS. 12 and 13, the inlet of the hydrogen supply port 33 is formed on the upper surface of the first protrusion 32, and the outlet of the hydrogen supply port 33 is formed on the bottom surface of the first flat portion 31. is formed in In particular, the outlet of the hydrogen supply port 33 is formed on the outer periphery of the bottom of the first flat portion 31 so as to coincide with the outer hydrogen flow path 21g of the unit cells 21. As shown in FIG. 14, in order to connect the inlet and outlet of the hydrogen supply port 33, the middle area of the hydrogen supply port 33 located between the upper and lower surfaces of the first flat portion 31 is 1 It may be formed to extend from the center of the flat plate portion 31 to the outer periphery.

The air outlet 34 is formed to penetrate the inside of the first end plate 30 in the stacking direction. The air outlet 34 is preferably connected to an air discharge line (not shown) for discharging the remaining air after the oxidation-reduction reaction of hydrogen and oxygen to the outside, but is not limited to this. As shown in FIGS. 12 and 13, the inlet of the air outlet 34 is formed on the bottom of the first flat portion 31, and the outlet of the air outlet 34 is formed on the top of the first protrusion 32. do. In particular, the inlet of the air outlet 34 is formed on the outer periphery of the bottom of the first flat portion 31 so as to be aligned with the outer air passage 21h of the unit cells 21. As shown in FIG. 14, in order to connect the inlet and outlet of the air outlet 34, the middle area of the air outlet 34 located between the upper and lower surfaces of the first flat portion 31 is the first flat plate. It may be formed to extend from the center of the portion 31 to the outer periphery.

The first coolant outlet 35 is formed to penetrate the inside of the first end plate 30 in the stacking direction. The first coolant outlet 35 is preferably connected to a coolant discharge line (not shown) for delivering the coolant that has passed through the fuel cell stack 1 to a radiator (not shown), but is not limited thereto. As shown in FIGS. 12 and 13, the inlet of the first coolant outlet 35 is formed on the bottom of the first flat part 31, and the outlet of the first coolant outlet 35 is the first protrusion 32. is formed on the upper surface of In particular, the inlet of the first coolant outlet 35 is formed at the center of the bottom surface of the first flat plate portion 31 so as to coincide with the first inner coolant flow path 21e of the cell stack 20.

The first coolant supply port 36 is formed to penetrate the inside of the first end plate 30 in the stacking direction. The first coolant supply port 36 is preferably connected to a coolant supply line (not shown) for supplying coolant pumped by a coolant pump (not shown) to the fuel cell stack 1, but is limited thereto. no. As shown in Figures 12 and 13, the inlet of the first coolant supply port 36 is formed on the upper surface of the first protrusion 32, and the outlet of the first coolant supply port 36 is the first flat portion ( It is formed at the bottom of 31). In particular, the outlet of the first coolant supply port 36 is formed on the outer periphery of the bottom of the first flat plate portion 31 so as to be aligned with the second outer coolant flow path 21j of the cell stack 20. As shown in FIG. 14, in order to connect the inlet and outlet of the first coolant supply port 36, the middle of the first coolant supply port 36 is located between the upper and lower surfaces of the first flat portion 31. The region may be formed to extend from the center of the first flat portion 31 to the outer periphery.

It is preferable that the hydrogen supply port 33, the air outlet 34, the first coolant outlet 35, and the first coolant supply port 36 are arranged radially around the center of the first end plate 30. . For example, as shown in FIG. 13, the hydrogen supply port 33, the air outlet 34, the first coolant outlet 35, and the first coolant supply port 36 each have an outer hydrogen flow path 21g. , is formed to have the same number and the same central angle as the outer air passage 21h, the first inner coolant passage 21e, and the second outer coolant passage 21j.

As shown in FIG. 1, this first end plate 30 has a hydrogen supply port 33, an air outlet 34, a first coolant outlet 35, and a first coolant supply port 36, respectively, on the outside. They are stacked on the lower surface of the cell stack 20 in the stacking direction so as to coincide with the hydrogen flow path 21g, the outer air flow path 21h, the first inner coolant flow path 21e, and the second outer coolant flow path 21j.

FIG. 15 is a side view of the second end plate, FIG. 16 is a top view of the second end plate, FIG. 17 is a bottom view of the second end plate, and FIG. 18 is a view of II-II of the second end plate shown in FIG. 15. This is a cross-sectional view.

As shown in FIGS. 15 and 16, the second end plate 40 includes a second flat portion 41 laminated on the upper surface of the cell stack 20, and a portion extending from the center of the second flat portion 41. A second protruding portion 42, a hydrogen outlet 43 connected to the inner hydrogen flow path 21c of the unit cells 21, and an air supply port connected to the inner air flow path 21d of the unit cells 21 ( 44), a second coolant outlet 45 connected to the second inner coolant flow path 21f of the cell stack 20, and a second coolant connected to the first outer coolant flow path 21i of the cell stack 20. It may have a supply port 46, etc.

The second flat plate portion 41 has a disk shape with an area corresponding to the unit cell 21. The second protrusion 42 protrudes from the center of the second flat portion 41 to have a predetermined height. The second protrusion 42 has a diameter corresponding to the second insertion hole 16c so that it can be inserted into the second insertion hole 16c of the above-described second cover part 16a.

The hydrogen outlet 43 is formed to penetrate the inside of the second end plate 40 in the stacking direction. This hydrogen outlet 43 is preferably connected to a hydrogen recirculation line (not shown) for resupplying the remaining hydrogen to the fuel cell stack 1 after performing the acid source reduction reaction of hydrogen and oxygen, but it is limited to this. That is not the case. As shown in FIGS. 16 and 17, the inlet of the hydrogen outlet 43 is formed on the bottom of the second flat portion 41, and the outlet of the hydrogen outlet 43 is formed on the upper surface of the second protrusion 42. do. In particular, the inlet of the hydrogen outlet 43 is formed at the center of the second flat portion 41 so as to coincide with the inner hydrogen flow path 21c of the unit cells 21.

The air supply port 44 is formed to penetrate the inside of the second end plate 40 in the stacking direction. This air supply port 44 is preferably connected to an air supply line (not shown) for supplying air compressed by an air compressor (not shown) to the fuel cell stack 1, but is not limited thereto. . As shown in FIGS. 16 and 17, the inlet of the air supply port 44 is formed on the upper surface of the second protrusion 42, and the outlet of the air supply port 44 is formed on the bottom surface of the second flat portion 41. is formed in In particular, the outlet of the air supply port 44 is formed at the center of the bottom surface of the second flat portion 41 so as to be aligned with the inner air passage 21d of the unit cells 21.

The second coolant outlet 45 is formed to penetrate the inside of the second end plate 40 in the stacking direction. The second coolant outlet 45 is preferably connected to a coolant discharge line for delivering the coolant that has passed through the fuel cell stack 1 to the radiator, but is not limited to this. As shown in Figures 16 and 17, the inlet of the second coolant outlet 45 is formed on the bottom of the second flat part 41, and the outlet of the second coolant outlet 45 is the second protrusion 42. is formed on the upper surface of In particular, the inlet of the second coolant outlet 45 is formed at the center of the second flat plate portion 41 so as to coincide with the second inner coolant flow path 21f of the cell stack 20.

The second coolant supply port 46 is formed to penetrate the inside of the second end plate 40 in the stacking direction. The second coolant supply port 46 is preferably connected to a coolant supply line for supplying coolant pumped by a coolant pump to the fuel cell stack 1, but is not limited thereto. 16 and 17, the inlet of the first coolant supply port 36 is formed on the upper surface of the second protrusion 42, and the outlet of the second coolant supply port 46 is the second flat portion ( It is formed at the bottom of 41). In particular, the outlet of the second coolant supply port 46 is formed on the outer periphery of the bottom surface of the second flat plate portion 41 so as to be aligned with the first outer coolant flow path 21i. As shown in FIG. 18, in order to connect the inlet and outlet of the second coolant supply port 46, the middle of the second coolant supply port 46 is located between the upper and lower surfaces of the second flat plate portion 41. The region may be formed to extend from the center of the second flat portion 41 to the outer periphery.

The hydrogen outlet 43, the air supply port 44, the second coolant outlet 45, and the second coolant supply port 46 are preferably arranged radially around the center of the second end plate 40. . For example, as shown in FIG. 17, the hydrogen outlet 43, the air supply port 44, the second coolant outlet 45, and the second coolant supply port 46 are each connected to the inner hydrogen flow path 21c. , it is formed to have the same number and same central angle as the inner air flow path 21d, the second inner coolant flow path 21f, and the first outer coolant flow path 21i.

As shown in FIG. 1, this second end plate 40 has a hydrogen outlet 43, an air supply port 44, a second coolant outlet 45, and a second coolant supply port 46, respectively, on the inside. They are stacked on the upper surface of the cell stack 20 in the stacking direction so as to coincide with the hydrogen flow path 21c, the inner air flow path 21d, the second inner coolant flow path 21f, and the first outer coolant flow path 21i.

Figure 19 is a plan view of the first current collector plate, and Figure 20 is a plan view of the second current collector plate.

As shown in FIG. 19, the first current collector plate 50 has a disk shape with a diameter corresponding to the outer diameter of the first channel portion 25a of the cathode side separator 25. This first current collector plate 50 is perforated to connect the first inner coolant passage 21e of the cell stack 20 and the first coolant outlet 35 of the first end plate 30 to transmit the first coolant. It may have a sphere 52 and a first terminal 54 formed to penetrate the first end plate 30 so that it can be connected to an external electric device. These first coolant delivery ports 52 are formed to have the same number and same central angle as the first inner coolant passages 21e.

As shown in FIG. 1, the first current collector plate 50 is cell stacked so that the first inner coolant flow path 21e and the first coolant outlet 35 are connected by the first coolant delivery port 52. It may be interposed between the lower surface of the sieve 20 and the first end plate 30.

As shown in FIG. 20, the second current collector plate 60 has a disk shape with a diameter corresponding to the outer diameter of the second channel portion 26a of the anode-side separator plate 26. This second current collector 60 connects the inner hydrogen flow path 21c, the inner air flow path 21d, and the second inner coolant flow path 21f of the unit cells 21 to the hydrogen outlet of the second end plate 40 ( 43), a hydrogen delivery port 62, an air supply port 64, and a second coolant delivery port 66 perforated to be connected to the air supply port 44 and the second coolant outlet 45, and an external electric device It may have a second terminal 68 formed to penetrate the second end plate 40 so that it can be connected to. These hydrogen delivery ports 62, air delivery ports 64, and second coolant delivery ports 66 are the same in number as the inner hydrogen flow path 21c, the air supply port 44, and the second inner coolant flow path 21f. and are formed to have the same central angle.

As shown in FIG. 1, the second current collector plate 60 is connected to the inner hydrogen flow path 21c and the inner hydrogen channel 21c by the hydrogen delivery port 62, the air delivery port 64, and the second coolant delivery port 66. The upper surface of the cell stack 20 and the second inner coolant flow path 21f are connected to the hydrogen outlet 43, the air supply port 44, and the second coolant outlet 45. It may be interposed between the end plates 40.

Figure 21 is a diagram showing how hydrogen circulates the fuel cell stack, Figure 22 is a diagram showing how air circulates the fuel cell stack, and Figures 23 and 24 show how coolant circulates the fuel cell stack. 25 is a diagram showing how hydrogen, air, and coolant pass through the circulating hydrogen channel, air channel, and coolant channel of the unit cell, respectively.

Hereinafter, with reference to the drawings, the manner in which hydrogen, air, and coolant circulate in the fuel cell stack 1 will be described.

First, as shown in FIG. 21, hydrogen is supplied through the hydrogen supply port 33 of the first end plate 30 and then flows into the outer hydrogen flow path 21g. As shown in FIG. 25, hydrogen flowing into the outer hydrogen flow path 21g flows through the hydrogen channel 21l formed between the second channel portion 26a of the anode side separator 26 and the anode side gas diffusion layer 24. flows into. As shown in FIG. 21, among the hydrogen flowing into the hydrogen channel 21l, the remaining hydrogen remaining after the oxidation-reduction reaction of hydrogen and oxygen proceeds, and the product water formed by the oxidation-reduction reaction of hydrogen and oxygen, etc. are inside the hydrogen After flowing into the flow path 21c, it is discharged through the hydrogen outlet 43 of the second end plate 40.

Next, as shown in FIG. 22, air is supplied through the air supply port 44 of the second end plate 30 and then flows into the inner air passage 21d. As shown in FIG. 25, the air flowing into the inner hydrogen flow path 21c flows through the air channel 21k formed between the first channel portion 25a of the cathode side separator 25 and the cathode side gas diffusion layer 23. flows into. As shown in FIG. 22, the remaining air remaining after the oxidation-reduction reaction of hydrogen and oxygen in the air flowing into the air channel 21k proceeds, and the product water formed by the oxidation-reduction reaction of hydrogen and oxygen, etc. are in the outside air. After flowing into the flow path 21h, it is discharged through the air supply port 44 of the first end plate 40.

Next, the coolant can be supplied through the first coolant supply port 36 and the second coolant supply port 46, respectively, so the flow of coolant supplied through the first coolant supply port 36 and the second coolant supply The flow of coolant supplied through the sphere 46 will be described separately.

As shown in FIG. 23, coolant is supplied through the first coolant supply port 36 of the first end plate 30 and then flows into the second outer coolant flow path 21j. As shown in FIG. 25, the coolant flowing into the second outer coolant flow passage 21j is connected to the first channel portion 25a of the cathode side separator 25 provided in one unit cell 21 and the other channel portion 25a. flows into the cooling water channel 21m formed between the second channel portions 26a of the anode side separator 26 provided in the unit cell 21. As shown in FIG. 23, the coolant that has exchanged heat with the separator plates 25 and 26 in the coolant channel 21m flows into the second inner coolant flow path 21f and then flows into the second end plate 40. 2 The coolant can be discharged through the outlet (45).

As shown in FIG. 24, coolant is supplied through the second coolant supply port 46 of the second end plate 40 and then flows into the first outer coolant flow path 21i. As shown in FIG. 25, the coolant flowing into the first outer coolant flow path 21i flows into the coolant channel 21m. As shown in FIG. 24, the coolant that has exchanged heat with the separator plates 25 and 26_ in the coolant channel 21m flows into the first inner coolant passage 21e and then flows into the first end plate 40. 1 It can be discharged through the coolant outlet (35).

Meanwhile, in the coolant channel 21m, the coolant supplied through the first outer coolant flow path 21i and the coolant supplied through the second outer coolant flow path 21j are mixed with each other, and then formed into the first inner coolant flow path 21e and the second inner coolant flow path 21e. It may be distributed and introduced into the second inner coolant flow path 21f.

This fuel cell stack 1 has an improved structure to form a cylindrical shape, so that the differential pressure between the inlet and outlet of the reaction gas flow path capable of transporting reaction gases such as hydrogen and air, and the inlet and outlet of the cooling water flow path capable of transporting coolant can be reduced.

In addition, the fuel cell stack 1 is provided with a plurality of coolant passages through which coolant passes in opposite directions, thereby minimizing the temperature gradient.

In addition, the fuel cell stack 1 is capable of providing surface pressure in opposite directions to the unit cells 21 at both ends of the main body 12 of the stack enclosure 10 in which the unit cells 21 are accommodated. By screwing the covers 14 and 16 together, the fastening force can be equalized and airtightness can be increased.

The above description is merely an illustrative explanation of the technical idea of the present invention, and various modifications and variations will be possible to those skilled in the art without departing from the essential characteristics of the present invention.

Accordingly, the embodiments disclosed in the present invention are not intended to limit the technical idea of the present invention, but are for illustrative purposes, and the scope of the technical idea of the present invention is not limited by these embodiments. The scope of protection of the present invention should be interpreted in accordance with the claims below, and all technical ideas within the equivalent scope should be construed as being included in the scope of rights of the present invention.

1: Fuel cell stack
10: stack enclosure
12: main body
12a: internal space
12b: lower opening
12c: upper opening
12d: first thread
12e: second thread
12f: Guide groove
14: first cover
14a: first cover part
14b: first coupling portion
14c: first insertion hole
14d: thread
16: second cover
16a: second cover part
16b: second coupling portion
16c: second insertion hole
16d: thread
20: Cell stack
21: unit cell
21a: inner flow path
21b: outer flow path
21c: inner hydrogen flow path
21d: inner air flow path
21e: First inner coolant flow path
21f: Second inner coolant flow path
21g: outer hydrogen channel
21h: External air flow path
21i: First outer coolant flow path
21j: Second outer coolant flow path
21k: air channel
21l: hydrogen channel
21m: Coolant channel
22: Membrane electrode assembly
22a: reaction unit
22b: inner sub gasket
22c: Outer sub gasket
22d: first inner manifold
22e: inner hydrogen manifold
22f: Inner air manifold
22g: 1st inner coolant manifold
22h: Second inner coolant manifold
22i: first outer manifold
22j: outer hydrogen manifold
22k: Outside air manifold
22l: 1st outer coolant manifold
22m: 2nd outer coolant manifold
22n: Guide projection
22o; cathode
22p: anode
23: Cathode side gas diffusion layer
24: Anode side gas diffusion layer
25: Cathode side separation plate
25a: first channel portion
25b: second inner manifold
25c: second outer manifold
25d: inner hydrogen manifold
25e: Inner air manifold
25f: First inner coolant manifold
25g: 2nd inner coolant manifold
25h: Outside hydrogen manifold
25i: Outer air manifold
25j: First outer coolant manifold
25k: 2nd outer coolant manifold
25l: Guide projection
26: Anode side separation plate
26a: second channel portion
26b: Third inner manifold
26c: Third outer manifold
26d: inner hydrogen manifold
26e: inner air manifold
26f: First inner coolant manifold
26g: Second inner coolant manifold
26h: External hydrogen manifold
26i: Outer air manifold
26j: First outer coolant manifold
26k: 2nd outer coolant manifold
26l: Guide projection
27: first gasket
28: second gasket
29: Third gasket
30: first end plate
31: first flat panel
32: first protrusion
33: Hydrogen supply port
34: air outlet
35: first coolant outlet
36: First cooling water supply port
40: second end plate
41: second flat panel
42: second protrusion
43: hydrogen outlet
44: air supply port
45: Second coolant outlet
46: Second coolant supply port
50: first current collector
52: first coolant delivery unit
54: first terminal
60: second current collector
62: Hydrogen delivery port
64: Air delivery port
66: Second coolant delivery port
68: 2nd terminal

Claims (20)

A cell stack having a disk shape and including a plurality of unit cells stacked along a predetermined stacking direction;
a first end plate that has a disk shape and is stacked on one end of the cell stack in the stacking direction; and
A second end plate is formed in a disk shape and is stacked on the other end of the cell stack in the stacking direction,
Each of the unit cells is,
It is provided with a reaction part in the shape of a ring-shaped disk in which a cathode is formed on one side and an anode is formed on the other side, a first inner manifold disposed inside the reaction portion, and a first outer manifold disposed outside the reaction portion. a membrane electrode assembly;
It has a first channel portion formed in a ring-shaped disk shape, a second inner manifold disposed inside the first channel portion, and a second outer manifold disposed outside the first channel portion, and the first channel portion a cathode-side separator plate stacked on the membrane electrode assembly in the stacking direction to face the cathode; and
It has a second channel portion formed in a ring-shaped disk shape, a third inner manifold disposed inside the second channel portion, and a third outer manifold disposed outside the second channel portion, and the second channel portion An anode-side separator plate is stacked on the membrane electrode assembly in the stacking direction to face the anode,
The membrane electrode assembly, the cathode side separator, and the anode side separator are stacked so that the inner manifolds are aligned to form an inner flow path and the outer manifolds are aligned to form an outer flow path,
The inner flow path has an inner air flow path, an inner hydrogen flow path, and an inner coolant flow path formed to be independent of each other,
The outer flow path has an outer air flow path, an outer hydrogen flow path, and an outer coolant flow path formed to be independent of each other,
The inner hydrogen flow path, the inner air flow path, and the inner coolant flow path are arranged radially with a preset central angle centered on the center of the unit cell, so that each of the inner hydrogen flow path, the inner air flow path, and the inner coolant flow path is The area is proportional to the size of the central angle,
The outer hydrogen flow path, the outer air flow path, and the outer coolant flow path are arranged radially with a preset central angle centered on the center of the unit cell, so that each of the outer hydrogen flow path, the outer air flow path, and the outer coolant flow path are The area is proportional to the size of the central angle,
Fuel cell stack. delete delete According to paragraph 1,
Each of the unit cells is,
A fuel cell further comprising a first gasket interposed between the membrane electrode assembly and the cathode-side separator so that an air channel connecting the inner air flow path and the outer air flow path is formed between the cathode and the first channel portion. stack. According to paragraph 4,
Each of the unit cells is,
A fuel cell further comprising a second gasket interposed between the membrane electrode assembly and the anode-side separator so that a hydrogen channel connecting the inner hydrogen flow path and the outer hydrogen flow path is formed between the anode and the second channel portion. stack. According to clause 5,
The first end plate has an air outlet connected to the external air passage,
The second end plate is a fuel cell stack including an air supply port connected to the inner air flow path. According to clause 6,
The first end plate has a hydrogen supply port connected to the outer hydrogen flow path,
The second end plate is a fuel cell stack, characterized in that it has a hydrogen outlet connected to the inner hydrogen flow path. In clause 7,
a first current collector plate interposed between the cathode side separator plate and the first end plate provided in a unit cell located at one end of the cell stack among the unit cells; and
A fuel cell stack further comprising a second current collector plate interposed between the anode side separator plate and the second end plate provided in a unit cell located at the other end of the cell stack among the unit cells. According to clause 8,
The first current collector plate has a disk shape having a diameter corresponding to the outer diameter of the first channel portion and is interposed between the first channel portion and the first end plate,
The second current collector plate is formed in a disk shape with a diameter corresponding to the outer diameter of the second channel portion, and is interposed between the second channel portion and the second end plate. In paragraph 9
The second current collector plate is a fuel cell stack, characterized in that it has an air delivery port connecting the inner air flow path and the air supply port, and a hydrogen transmission port connecting the inner hydrogen flow path and the hydrogen outlet. delete delete delete According to paragraph 1,
Each of the unit cells is,
A cooling water channel connecting the inner coolant flow path and the outer hydrogen flow path is provided in the first channel portion of the cathode side separator provided in one of the unit cells and in the other one of the unit cells. A fuel cell stack further comprising a third gasket interposed between one unit cell and the other unit cell to be formed between the second channel portion of the anode side separator. According to clause 14,
The inner coolant flow path has a first inner coolant flow path and a second inner coolant flow path formed to be independent from each other,
The outer coolant flow path is a fuel cell stack having a first outer coolant flow path and a second outer coolant flow path formed to be independent from each other. According to clause 15,
The first end plate has a first coolant supply port connected to the first outer coolant passage, and a first coolant outlet connected to the first inner coolant passage,
The second end plate is a fuel cell stack including a second coolant supply port connected to the second outer coolant flow path and a second coolant outlet connected to the second inner coolant flow path. According to paragraph 1,
A fuel cell stack further comprising a stack enclosure in which the unit cells, the first end plate, and the second end plate are accommodated. According to clause 17,
The stack enclosure is,
A main body having a hollow cylindrical shape and accommodating the unit cells in the hollow, a first cover coupled to one end of the main body to cover one opening of the hollow, and the other end of the main body to cover the other opening of the hollow. A fuel cell stack including a second cover coupled to. According to clause 18,
The main body is provided with at least one guide groove formed along the stacking direction on the inner peripheral surface of the hollow,
The unit cells, the first end plate, and the second end plate each have a guide protrusion formed to be inserted into the guide groove. According to clause 18,
The main body has a first screw thread formed on the outer peripheral surface of the one end and a second screw thread formed on the outer peripheral surface of the other end,
The first cover has a screw thread formed on the inner peripheral surface to be screwed with the first screw thread,
The second cover is a fuel cell stack having threads formed on an inner peripheral surface to be screwed to the second threads.

Images