KR102582749B1 - A laser beam shaping device that irradiates a square beam-shaped laser for heat treatment of mct workpieces - Google Patents

Abstract

A laser beam shaping device that irradiates a square beam-shaped laser for heat treatment of a workpiece for MCT according to an embodiment of the present invention is a laser beam shaping device that modifies the output shape of a laser beam, and is provided with light transparency, and the laser beam shaping device is provided with light transparency, A main body that advances the beam in a straight line, a spectral body provided in a cone shape on one side of the main body to reflect or advance a laser beam, and a spectral body provided on one side of the spectral body that reflects the laser beam reflected by the spectral body back to the main body. It may include a reflector that advances, a refractor provided on the other side of the main body that refracts the laser beam traveling by the spectrometer and advances it parallel to the laser beam reflected by the reflector, and a shaping filter that filters the shape of the output laser beam. You can.

Description

A laser beam shaping device that irradiates a square beam-shaped laser for heat treatment of workpieces for MCT {A LASER BEAM SHAPING DEVICE THAT IRRADIATES A SQUARE BEAM-SHAPED LASER FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF MCT WORKPIECES}

The present invention relates to a laser beam shaping device that irradiates a square beam-shaped laser for heat treatment of workpieces for MCT. Specifically, the shape of the laser beam is transformed from a Gaussian distribution to a flat top shape, thereby changing the shape of the laser beam irradiated by the laser beam. This relates to a laser beam shaping device that irradiates a square beam-shaped laser for heat treatment of workpieces for MCT, which can shorten the time to reach the target temperature by equalizing the area temperature of the workpiece.

Difficult-to-machine materials such as tungsten and ceramics pose many difficulties in machining due to their high hardness and brittleness. Accordingly, Laser Assisted Machining (LAM) technology, which performs heat treatment using a laser before processing, has been disclosed. Laser-assisted processing can have effects such as preventing tool wear, preventing contamination of workpieces, preventing vibration and noise, and improving machinability.

However, as the shape of the laser beam is arranged in a Gaussian distribution, the temperature of the area of the workpiece irradiated by the laser beam is uneven, resulting in a problem that it takes a long time to reach the target temperature.

Therefore, by changing the shape of the laser beam from a Gaussian distribution to a flat top shape, the temperature of the area of the workpiece irradiated by the laser beam is evened out and the time to reach the target temperature can be shortened. Research on a laser beam shaping device that irradiates a square beam-shaped laser is required.

Korean Patent No. 10-1367052

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a workpiece for MCT that can shorten the time to reach the target temperature by evenizing the area temperature of the workpiece irradiated by the laser beam by changing the shape of the laser beam from a Gaussian distribution to a flat top shape. To provide a laser beam shaping device that irradiates a square beam-shaped laser for heat treatment.

In addition, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a laser beam shaping device that irradiates a square beam-shaped laser for heat treatment of a workpiece for MCT, which can prevent malfunction due to heat generation by providing a heat generation monitoring unit and a malfunction detection unit.

In addition, the purpose of the present invention is to provide laser beam shaping that irradiates a square beam-shaped laser for heat treatment of workpieces for MCT, which can monitor heat generation more accurately by removing noise of the temperature measured by the temperature measurement unit by providing a noise removal unit. The device is provided.

A laser beam shaping device that irradiates a square beam-shaped laser for heat treatment of a workpiece for MCT according to an embodiment of the present invention is a laser beam shaping device that modifies the output shape of a laser beam, and is provided with light transparency, and the laser beam shaping device is provided with light transparency, A main body that advances the beam in a straight line, a spectral body provided in a cone shape on one side of the main body to reflect or advance a laser beam, and a spectral body provided on one side of the spectral body that reflects the laser beam reflected by the spectral body back to the main body. It may include a reflector that advances, a refractor provided on the other side of the main body that refracts the laser beam traveling by the spectrometer and advances it parallel to the laser beam reflected by the reflector, and a shaping filter that filters the shape of the output laser beam. You can.

Additionally, the shaping filter according to an embodiment of the present invention can be opened and closed individually and may include a plurality of openings and closing units that advance a laser beam when opened and block the laser beam when closed.

In addition, a laser beam shaping device that irradiates a square beam-shaped laser for heat treatment of a workpiece for MCT according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a vision sensor that photographs the outline of the area to be irradiated by the laser beam, and the outline captured by the vision sensor. It may further include a control unit that recognizes the path and controls the opening and closing of the opening and closing unit according to the recognized path.

In addition, the laser beam shaping device for irradiating a square beam-shaped laser for heat treatment of a workpiece for MCT according to an embodiment of the present invention further includes a heat generation monitoring unit for monitoring heat generation of the shaping filter, and the heat generation monitoring unit is configured to perform the shaping filter. It may include a temperature measurement unit that measures the surface temperature of the filter, a noise removal unit that removes noise from the measurement value measured by the temperature measurement unit, and a malfunction detection unit that detects malfunction of the temperature measurement unit.

In addition, the noise removal unit according to an embodiment of the present invention calculates the normal range and effective data range for the measured value, and the normal range is the upper limit, lower limit, and average value of the value measured from the temperature measurement unit during a preset period. Calculate the limit value (Lud) according to [Equation 1] below,

[Equation 1]

(Here, Uv means the upper limit, Av means the average value, and Lv means the lower limit)

The difference between the average value minus the limit value or the average value plus the limit value is calculated as the normal range, and data outside the calculated normal range is judged as noise data, but the upper and lower limit values are from the lower limit value to the upper limit value. It is derived within the prediction range defined by the range, and the lower boundary value is the average value of the preset initial value minus N times the average deviation, and the upper boundary value is the average value of the preset initial value minus N times the average deviation. It may be an additional value.

A laser beam shaping device that irradiates a square beam-shaped laser for heat treatment of workpieces for MCT according to an embodiment of the present invention changes the shape of the laser beam from a Gaussian distribution to a flat-shaped distribution, thereby changing the shape of the laser beam irradiated by the laser beam. It has the effect of shortening the time to reach the target temperature by equalizing the temperature of the area of the workpiece.

In addition, the laser beam shaping device that irradiates a square beam-shaped laser for heat treatment of workpieces for MCT according to an embodiment of the present invention has the effect of preventing malfunction due to heat generation by providing a heat generation monitoring unit and a malfunction detection unit. has

In addition, the laser beam shaping device that irradiates a square beam-shaped laser for heat treatment of workpieces for MCT according to an embodiment of the present invention is provided with a noise removal unit, thereby removing noise in the temperature measured by the temperature measurement unit and generating heat more accurately. It has the effect of being able to monitor.

Figure 1 is a block diagram showing a laser beam shaping device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 2 is a block diagram showing a shaping filter according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 3 is a block diagram showing a laser beam shaping device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 4 is a block diagram showing a heat generation monitoring unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 5 is a diagram showing measurement data measured through a temperature measurement unit according to an embodiment of the present invention as a graph.
Figure 6 is a graph showing data including noise values generated at regular intervals among data measured through a temperature sensing unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 7 is a graph showing data including continuously generated noise values among data measured through a temperature measurement unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. However, the idea of the present invention is not limited to the presented embodiments, and those skilled in the art who understand the idea of the present invention can add, change, or delete other components within the scope of the same idea, thereby creating other degenerative inventions or the present invention. Other embodiments that are included within the scope of the invention can be easily proposed, but this will also be said to be included within the scope of the invention of the present application.

Hereinafter, the laser beam shaping device 100 of the present invention, which irradiates a square beam-shaped laser for heat treatment of workpieces for MCT, will be described in detail with reference to the attached FIGS. 1 to 7.

Figure 1 is a block diagram showing a laser beam shaping device 100 according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

The laser beam shaping device 100 according to the first embodiment of the present invention may include a main body 110, a spectrometer 120, a reflector 130, a refractor 140, and a shaping filter 150.

The main body 110 is provided with light transparency and can direct a laser beam in a straight line.

The spectroscopic body 120 is provided in a cone shape on one side of the main body 110 and can reflect or advance the laser beam. The surface of the spectrometer 120 may be made of a light reflecting material.

The reflector 130 is provided on one side of the spectroscopic body 120, and can reflect the laser beam reflected by the spectral body 120 again and advance it to the main body. The inner surface of the reflector 130 may be prepared to reflect all of the reflected laser beam.

The refractor 140 is provided on the other side of the main body 110, and can refract the laser beam traveling by the spectroscopic body 120 to travel parallel to the laser beam reflected by the reflector 130. The refractor 140 may be provided to be symmetrical to the spectroscopic body 120 with respect to the main body 110.

The shaping filter 150 can filter the shape of the output laser beam. The shaping filter 150 will be examined in more detail with reference to FIG. 2.

Figure 2 is a block diagram showing a shaping filter 150 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 2, the shaping filter 150 according to an embodiment of the present invention may include an opening/closing unit 151, a vision sensor 152, and a control unit 153.

The opening/closing unit 151 can be opened and closed individually, advances the laser beam when opened, and blocks the laser beam when closed, and can be provided in plural numbers.

The vision sensor 152 can photograph the outline of the area to be irradiated by the laser beam.

The control unit 153 may recognize the path of the outline captured by the vision sensor 152 and control the opening and closing of the opening and closing unit 151 according to the recognized path.

Next, with reference to FIG. 3, we will look at the laser beam shaping device 100 according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 3 is a block diagram showing a laser beam shaping device 100 according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 3, the laser beam shaping device 100 according to the second embodiment of the present invention may further include a heat generation monitoring unit 160 compared to the first embodiment.

The heat generation monitoring unit 160 can monitor the heat generation of the shaping filter 150. The heat monitoring unit 160 will be examined in more detail with reference to FIG. 4.

Figure 4 is a block diagram showing a heat generation monitoring unit 160 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 4, the heat monitoring unit 160 may include a temperature measurement unit 161, a noise removal unit 162, and a malfunction detection unit 163.

The temperature measuring unit 161 can measure the surface temperature of the shaping filter 150.

The noise removal unit 162 can remove noise from the measurement value measured by the temperature measurement unit 161. More specifically, only valid values can be extracted from the measured values measured by the temperature measurement unit 161, excluding values corresponding to noise. To remove noise, the normal range and effective data range for the measured value are calculated, and the normal range is calculated using the upper limit, lower limit, and average value of the value measured from the temperature measuring unit 161 during a preset period as follows [ Calculate the limit value (Lud) according to [Equation 1],

[Equation 1]

(Here, Uv means the upper limit, Av means the average value, and Lv means the lower limit)

A difference value obtained by subtracting the limit value from the average value or a value obtained by adding the limit value to the average value is calculated as a normal range, and data outside the calculated normal range can be determined as noise data.

For example, when the upper limit value (Uv) is 38.5 ℃, the average value (Av) is 36.6 ℃, and the lower limit value (Lv) is 36.1 ℃, the difference between the upper limit value and the average value is 38.5 ℃ - 36.6 ℃ = 1.9 ℃, average value Since the difference between and lower limit is 36.6℃-36.1℃=0.5℃, the larger element, 1.9℃, can be calculated as the limit value (Lud).

When the limit value is calculated as described above, the normal range can be determined. The normal range can be determined from the value obtained by subtracting the limit value from the average value to the value obtained by adding the limit value to the average value.

Therefore, in principle, data that is not included within the calculated normal range is judged as noise data.

However, the following criteria can be additionally applied to further subdivide the noise data. For example, noise data is when the measured value from the temperature measuring unit 161 is outside the normal range, data outside the normal range does not occur continuously more than a preset number of times, and the data value immediately before the outside of the normal range is generated. The value is determined to be outside the previous value and the preset error range (at this time, the error range can be set between -5% to +5% or -20% to +20% depending on the type and sensitivity of the sensor). By finalizing the measured value as noise data, more accuracy can be achieved in selecting noise data.

Additionally, the preset number of times can be set to 2 to 5 times, and it can be determined whether data outside the normal range is continuous or discontinuous depending on whether the number satisfies the range.

Here, the process of calculating the normal range and classifying noise data using the total measured values of the noise removal unit 162 will be described in more detail with reference to FIG. 5.

Figure 5 is a diagram illustrating measured value data measured through the temperature measuring unit 161 according to an embodiment of the present invention as a graph.

Referring to FIG. 5, the noise removal unit 162 recognizes only values measured within the normal range 240 as valid values, and the normal range 240 receives initial values during a preset period, It can be calculated using the average value (230) and average deviation of the initial values.

At this time, since meaningless data may be included among the initial values, only initial values within the prediction range among all initial values input are used to derive the normal range 240, and the prediction range 250 is calculated as follows. can be calculated.

In order to calculate the prediction range 250, the average value 230 of all initial values during a preset interval plus N multiples of the average deviation is taken as the upper boundary value 210 of the prediction range 250 and the preset interval. The value obtained by subtracting N multiples of the average deviation from the average value 230 of all initial values during the period is determined as the lower boundary value 220 of the prediction range 250, and the value between the upper and lower limits can be calculated as the prediction range 250. there is.

At this time, the N value of the N multiple can be set from a minimum of 1.5 to a maximum of 20 depending on the sensor.

For example, if the average value (230) of the measured values sensed during the preset period through the temperature measuring unit 161 is 55°C, the average deviation is calculated as 2°C, and the N multiple is set to 9, the prediction range ( The upper limit value (210) of 250) can be calculated as 55+2Х9=73℃, and the lower limit value (220) can be calculated as 55-2Х9=37℃.

Through the above process, the noise removal unit 162 calculates an upper limit value 210 and a lower limit value 220 using the average value 230, average deviation, and multiple, and the range between them is 37℃ ~ 73℃ can be set as the prediction range (250).

As described above, data selection to determine the normal range 240 can be more reliable by calculating the prediction range 250 using the average value 230, upper boundary value 210, and lower boundary value 220.

Below, the process for calculating the normal range 240 using the predicted range 250 will be described.

First, the largest measured value within the prediction range (250) is extracted as the upper limit (205), and the smallest measured value is extracted as the lower limit (206), and through [Equation 1], the average value (230), upper limit value (205) and The limit value can be calculated using the lower limit value 206.

When the limit value is calculated through [Equation 1], the measured value obtained by subtracting the limit value from the average value (230) or the measured value obtained by adding the limit value to the average value (230) is determined as the normal range (240), and the normal range Measured values outside of (240) can be judged as noise data.

At this time, if the upper limit value (205) and the lowest value (206) are derived within the previously determined prediction range of 37°C to 73°C and the limit value is calculated by applying this to [Equation 1], the limit value is max{( 64-55), (55-48)}=9℃.

That is, the first point data 201, the second point data 202, the third point data 203, and the fourth point data 204, which are data outside the prediction range 250, are excluded from calculating the upper and lower limits. By doing so, it is possible to prevent meaningless data from being used to calculate the normal range.

Through the above process, the normal range 240 is calculated from 55-9=46°C, which is the difference between the average value 230 and the limit value, to 55+9=64°C, which is the sum of the average value 230 and the limit value. The first point data 201, second point data 202, third point data 203, and fourth point data 204, which are measurement values not included in the range 240, may be determined as noise data. there is.

Referring again to FIG. 4, the malfunction detection unit 163 can detect malfunction of the temperature measurement unit 161. The malfunction detection unit 163 can use the generation pattern of noise data to determine the possibility of unusual events such as sensor failure, an example of which will be described in more detail below.

For example, if the noise data is within the preset error range compared to the previous value, and multiple sensing cycles of the same value are measured at preset time intervals, this is due to a defect in the temperature measuring unit 161. It can be judged that there is a high possibility that this will occur.

In other words, when multiple measurement values and measurement intervals that are outside the normal range and are judged to be noise data are within the error range and are measured at regular intervals, the presence of heat or cooling substances within the sensor measurement area, problems with the transmission and reception of electrical signals from the sensor, etc. Since it is judged that there is a high possibility that a measured value outside the normal range will be measured, it can be recognized as defective data from the sensor of the temperature measuring unit 161 and used as a basis for considering repair or replacement of the sensor of the temperature measuring unit 161.

For example, if a normal range is set as shown in FIG. 5 and includes noise data outside the normal range, but meets the sensor defective data conditions, the noise data may be recognized as data generated due to a sensor defect. This can be done, and specific examples will be described in more detail with reference to FIG. 6 above.

FIG. 6 is a graph showing data including noise values generated at regular intervals among data measured through the temperature measurement unit 161 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 6, in the process of measuring data through the temperature measuring unit 161, noise data outside the normal range is generated multiple times, and compared to previous noise data, the error is within -10% to +10%. You can see that it occurs continuously within the range.

In this way, when noise data occurring within the error range repeats at a certain cycle, it can be predicted that a sensor defect has occurred based on the noise data.

Here, the fact that the noise data is repeated at a certain period may mean that the period in which the noise data appears is within an error range of -10% to +10%.

More specifically, the fifth point data 301, sixth point data 302, and seventh point data 303 that are outside the normal range are measured, and the fifth point data 301 is measured at 0.5 seconds. , and if the sixth point data 302 was measured at 0.75 seconds, the time interval between the fifth point 301 and the sixth point 302 is 0.25 seconds (t1). In addition, since the 7th point data 303 was measured at 1 second, the time interval between the 6th point data 302 and the 7th point data 303 was 0.25 seconds (t2), so the 5th point data 301 ) The time interval between the sixth point data 302 and the time interval between the sixth point data 302 and the seventh point data 303 is 0 seconds, and did not occur beyond 0.075 seconds, which is the 10% error range. .

Therefore, since a large number of noise data is outside the normal range and the generation cycle is determined to be within a certain range, it can be predicted that a defect has occurred in the sensor.

In this case, a guidance message, etc. can be sent to the manager to check whether the temperature measuring unit 161 is defective. More specifically, the data measured in the temperature measuring unit 161 by the malfunction detection unit 163 If it is predicted that the sensor is defective, an alarm can be provided to the manager to induce the manager to check whether the sensor provided in the temperature measuring unit 161 is defective.

On the other hand, if a large number of data measured by the temperature measurement unit 161 are outside the normal range for a certain period of time but are continuously measured within a similar value range, it can be determined that a malfunction has occurred due to the surrounding environment rather than a sensor defect. You can. This is explained in more detail with reference to FIG. 7.

FIG. 7 is a graph showing data including continuously occurring noise values among data measured through the temperature measurement unit 161 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 7, a number of noise data exceeding the normal range were detected in the section between 0.52 and 0.75 seconds, but a number of noise data were within a certain error range (e.g., 10% from the noise data value that first appeared in the section). distributed within the range. In this case, it can be determined that it is not a defective sensor, but a malfunction due to the surrounding environment that controls the environment that the sensor measures. For example, if there is a foreign substance in the sensor of the temperature measuring unit 161, this may cause errors in received data.

In this case, an alarm requesting an environmental inspection of the temperature measuring unit 161 may be sent to the manager to induce an environmental inspection of the temperature measuring unit 161.

As seen above, according to one embodiment of the present invention, by changing the shape of the laser beam from a Gaussian distribution to a flat distribution, the temperature of the area of the workpiece irradiated by the laser beam is evened out until the target temperature is reached. It has the effect of shortening the time.

In addition, by providing a heat monitoring unit and a malfunction detection unit, it is possible to prevent malfunctions due to heat generation, and by providing a noise removal unit, noise in the temperature measured by the temperature measurement unit is removed, which has the effect of monitoring fever more accurately. .

As described above, although one embodiment of the present invention has been described with limited examples and drawings, one embodiment of the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, which is based on common knowledge in the field to which the present invention pertains. Anyone who has the knowledge can make various modifications and variations from this description. Accordingly, an embodiment of the present invention should be understood only by the scope of the claims set forth below, and all equivalent or equivalent modifications thereof shall fall within the scope of the spirit of the present invention.

100: Laser beam shaping device that irradiates a square beam-shaped laser for heat treatment of workpieces for MCT
110: body
120: spectral body
130: reflector
140: refractor
150: Shaping filter
151: opening and closing part
152: Vision sensor
153: Control unit
160: Fever monitoring unit
161: Temperature measurement unit
162: Noise removal unit
163: Malfunction detection unit

Claims (5)

In a laser beam shaping device that changes the output shape of a laser beam,
A main body 110 provided with light transparency and advancing the laser beam in a straight line;
a spectroscopic body 120 provided in a cone shape on one side of the main body 110 and reflecting or advancing the laser beam;
a reflector 130 provided on one side of the spectroscopic body 120, which reflects the laser beam reflected by the spectral body 120 again and proceeds to the main body 110;
A refractor 140 provided on the other side of the main body 110, which refracts the laser beam traveling by the spectroscopic body 120 and travels parallel to the laser beam reflected by the reflector 130;
A shaping filter 150 that filters the shape of the output laser beam; and
A heat generation monitoring unit 160 for monitoring heat generation of the shaping filter 150;
Including,
The fever monitoring unit 160,
a temperature measuring unit 161 that measures the surface temperature of the shaping filter 150;
A noise removal unit 162 that removes noise from the measurement value measured by the temperature measurement unit 161; and
A malfunction detection unit 163 that detects malfunction of the temperature measurement unit 161;
A laser beam shaping device comprising a. According to paragraph 1,
The shaping filter 150 is,
A plurality of openings and closing units 151 that can be opened and closed individually and advance the laser beam when opened and block the laser beam when closed;
A laser beam shaping device comprising a. According to paragraph 2,
A vision sensor 152 that photographs the outline of the area to be irradiated by the laser beam; and
A control unit 153 that recognizes the path of the outline captured by the vision sensor and controls opening and closing of the opening and closing unit according to the recognized path;
A laser beam shaping device further comprising:
delete According to paragraph 1,
The noise removal unit 162,
Calculate the normal range and effective data range for the above measured values,
The normal range is,
Calculating a limit value (Lud) according to the following [Equation 1] using the upper limit, lower limit, and average value of the values measured from the temperature measuring unit during a preset period,
[Equation 1]

(Here, Uv means the upper limit, Av means the average value, and Lv means the lower limit)
The difference between the average value minus the limit value or the average value plus the limit value is calculated as a normal range, and data outside the calculated normal range is judged as noise data,
The upper limit and the lower limit are,
Derived within the prediction range defined as the range from the lower boundary value to the upper boundary value,
The lower limit value is the average value of the preset initial value minus N times the average deviation,
The upper limit value is a laser beam shaping device, characterized in that the average value of the preset initial value plus N times the average deviation.