KR102576613B1 - Electromagnetic field-based non-destructive tomography testing apparatus of permittivity and internal thermal change in electrolyte of the lithium ion battery of energy storage system and insulation fluid of power transformer - Google Patents

Abstract

An RF-based non-destructive tomography inspection device for dielectric constant and internal temperature change of lithium-ion battery electrolyte for energy storage systems and transformer insulating oil according to an embodiment of the present invention is a cylinder that penetrates the upper surface of the enclosure, which is a non-destructive test object for the dielectric constant of the internal fluid. ; An HF (high frequency), VHF (very high frequency), and UHF (ultra high frequency) band metamaterial transmission antenna disposed within the cylinder, which receives reflected waves reflected from the fluid inside the enclosure. very high frequency), UHF (ultra high frequency) band metamaterial transmission antenna; a plurality of HF, VHF, and UHF band metamaterial receiving antennas that receive fluid inside the enclosure and electromagnetic transmission waves penetrating the enclosure, and are spaced apart from an outer surface or outer surface of the enclosure; a signal generator for providing a signal to the transmit antenna; and a dielectric constant estimator for estimating the dielectric constant of the fluid inside the enclosure based on the reflected wave and signals received from the plurality of receiving antennas.

Description

RF-based non-destructive tomography test device for dielectric constant and internal temperature change of lithium-ion battery electrolyte for energy storage system and transformer insulating oil STORAGE SYSTEM AND INSULATION FLUID OF POWER TRANSFORMER}

The present invention relates to an RF-based non-destructive tomography inspection device for the dielectric constant and internal temperature change of lithium-ion battery electrolyte for energy storage systems and transformer insulating oil. The dielectric constant of the liquid or fluid contained in the container (when an electric field is applied to the insulator, the insulator This relates to a device for determining the ratio of the density of electric force bundles generated inside) using an electromagnetic field-transmitting non-destructive testing method without dismantling or damaging the container.

In addition, the present invention relates to a device that reads the electromagnetic field penetration values (magnitude and phase) of a non-destructive testing device when the temperature change of the fluid dielectric in the container is expressed as the corresponding change in dielectric constant.

The existing huge power supply system is pointed out as disadvantages due to its size, hierarchy, and rigidity, such as low efficiency, fast propagation of problems, and low adaptability, but the flexibility of smart grid (self-power grid, regional power grid), efficiency improvement, and self-power source for electric vehicles. With the securing of ESS, the energy storage system (ESS) field has received attention and has grown significantly.

At a time when companies producing ESS cells, pouches, and modules were enjoying the highest stock prices, as fires broke out in power supplies equipped with ESS and the number of fires increased, many places stopped using or purchasing them.

ESS companies are trying to introduce various technologies from various perspectives to solve ESS fire problems and maximize benefits. Since thermal runaway of the ESS pouch is the cause of the fire, some approaches are to insert a temperature sensor inside to observe, but this is not correct because it does not match the company's original battery internal shape in that it changes the inside. A method of sending and receiving ultrasonic waves to observe the temperature rise inside the pouch from the outside is also mentioned, but it is pointed out that the mechanical force can shock the internal equipment and cause problems even in normal ESS.

Therefore, an RF-based method is needed to know the internal situation in a non-destructive manner. This is a method that transmits an electromagnetic field and analyzes only the reflected wave or both the reflected wave and the transmitted wave simultaneously. Some may say that it is an already known method. In the case of RF non-destructive testing to date, the purpose was to focus on the internal defects of the sample and obtain the presence, depth, size, and image of the internal defects. However, the present invention differentiates itself over the prior art by performing a non-destructive tomographic inspection of the sample through the present invention and analyzing the dielectric constant of the internal dielectric as well as temperature change through the complex characteristics of the dielectric constant. The present invention is also applicable to monitoring internal heat changes in transformers, which are key elements in the power system, which is an infrastructure structure, and transformers that frequently experience fire and explosion accidents, through changes in dielectric constant.

KR 10-1739628 B1

The problem to be solved by the present invention is a device that detects the dielectric constant of the fluid or electrolyte in the pouch for an energy storage device (ESS) as well as the temperature change, which is a factor in changing the dielectric constant, in a non-destructive manner based on an electric and magnetic field. It consists of a transmitting antenna that radiates low frequencies and a receiving antenna or multiple receiving antennas with the same characteristics, and a plurality of sensing devices are installed to detect reflected waves and transmitted waves on each side of the pouch module to extract the complex dielectric constant of the fluid inside the container. To detect changes in dielectric constant due to temperature changes, we provide an RF-based non-destructive tomographic inspection device for dielectric constant and internal temperature changes of lithium-ion battery electrolyte for energy storage systems and transformer insulating oil.

In order to solve the above problems, an RF-based non-destructive tomographic inspection device for dielectric constant and internal temperature change of lithium-ion battery electrolyte for energy storage system and transformer insulating oil according to the first embodiment of the present invention,

A cylinder that penetrates the upper surface of the enclosure, which is the subject of a non-destructive test for the dielectric constant of the internal fluid;

An HF (high frequency), VHF (very high frequency), and UHF (ultra high frequency) band metamaterial transmission antenna disposed within the cylinder, which receives reflected waves reflected from the fluid inside the enclosure. very high frequency), UHF (ultra high frequency) band metamaterial transmission antenna;

a plurality of HF, VHF, and UHF band metamaterial receiving antennas that receive fluid inside the enclosure and electromagnetic transmission waves penetrating the enclosure, and are spaced apart from an outer surface or outer surface of the enclosure;

a signal generator for providing a signal to the transmit antenna; and

and a dielectric constant estimator for estimating the dielectric constant of the fluid inside the enclosure based on the reflected wave and signals received from the plurality of receiving antennas.

In the RF-based non-destructive tomographic inspection device for dielectric constant and internal temperature change of lithium-ion battery electrolyte for energy storage system and transformer insulating oil according to the first embodiment of the present invention, the dielectric constant estimator is a reflected wave reflected from the fluid inside the enclosure. The complex permittivity of the fluid can be estimated based on the electromagnetic transmission wave that penetrates the fluid inside the enclosure and the phase of the transmission wave.

In addition, the RF-based non-destructive tomographic inspection device for dielectric constant and internal temperature change of lithium-ion battery electrolyte for energy storage system and transformer insulating oil according to the first embodiment of the present invention further includes a heater for controlling the temperature of the fluid. ,

The dielectric constant estimator estimates a change in the complex dielectric constant of the fluid based on the reflected wave, the transmitted wave, and the phase of the transmitted wave while changing the temperature of the fluid, and determines the correlation between the temperature of the fluid and the estimated dielectric constant. Based on this, the temperature of the fluid can be estimated.

In addition, the RF-based non-destructive tomographic inspection device for dielectric constant and internal temperature change of lithium-ion battery electrolyte for energy storage system and transformer insulating oil according to the first embodiment of the present invention provides signals in the X band to millimeter wave band on the surface of the enclosure. It further includes an X band to millimeter wave band transceiver for transmitting and receiving the reflected signal,

The dielectric constant estimator responds to the vibration of the surface of the enclosure detected by the Based on the phase change of the reflected wave, the correlation between the vibration of the surface of the enclosure and the temperature change of the fluid can be estimated.

In addition, in the RF-based non-destructive tomography inspection device of the dielectric constant and internal temperature change of the lithium-ion battery electrolyte for energy storage system and transformer insulating oil according to the first embodiment of the present invention, the enclosure is used to inspect the energy storage system (ESS) or transformer. It is a box body,

If the enclosure is an energy storage system, the fluid is an electrolyte of the energy storage system,

If the enclosure is a transformer, the fluid may be the insulating oil of the transformer.

In order to solve the above problems, an RF-based non-destructive tomographic inspection device for dielectric constant and internal temperature change of lithium-ion battery electrolyte for energy storage system and transformer insulating oil according to the second embodiment of the present invention,

A cylinder that penetrates the upper surface of the enclosure, which is the subject of a non-destructive test for the dielectric constant of the internal fluid;

An HF (high frequency), VHF (very high frequency), and UHF (ultra high frequency) band metamaterial transmission antenna disposed within the cylinder, which receives reflected waves reflected from the fluid inside the enclosure. very high frequency), UHF (ultra high frequency) band metamaterial transmission antenna;

a plurality of HF, VHF, and UHF band metamaterial receiving antennas that receive fluid inside the enclosure and electromagnetic transmission waves penetrating the enclosure, and are spaced apart from an outer surface or outer surface of the enclosure;

a signal generator for providing a signal to the transmit antenna; and

and a dielectric constant estimator for estimating the dielectric constant of the fluid inside the enclosure based on the reflected wave and signals received from the plurality of receiving antennas.

In the RF-based non-destructive tomographic inspection device for dielectric constant and internal temperature change of lithium-ion battery electrolyte for energy storage system and transformer insulating oil according to the second embodiment of the present invention, the dielectric constant estimator is a reflected wave reflected from the fluid inside the enclosure. The complex permittivity of the fluid can be estimated based on the electromagnetic transmission wave that penetrates the fluid inside the enclosure and the phase of the transmission wave.

In addition, the RF-based non-destructive tomographic inspection device for dielectric constant and internal temperature change of lithium-ion battery electrolyte for energy storage system and transformer insulating oil according to the second embodiment of the present invention further includes a heater for controlling the temperature of the fluid,

The dielectric constant estimator estimates a change in the complex dielectric constant of the fluid based on the reflected wave, the transmitted wave, and the phase of the transmitted wave while changing the temperature of the fluid, and determines the correlation between the temperature of the fluid and the estimated dielectric constant. Based on this, the temperature of the fluid can be estimated.

In addition, the RF-based non-destructive tomographic inspection device for dielectric constant and internal temperature change of lithium-ion battery electrolyte for energy storage system and transformer insulating oil according to the second embodiment of the present invention provides signals in the X band to millimeter wave band on the surface of the enclosure. It further includes an X band to millimeter wave band transceiver for transmitting and receiving the reflected signal,

The dielectric constant estimator responds to the vibration of the surface of the enclosure detected by the Based on the phase change of the reflected wave, the correlation between the vibration of the surface of the enclosure and the temperature change of the fluid can be estimated.

In addition, in the RF-based non-destructive tomographic inspection device of the dielectric constant and internal temperature change of the lithium-ion battery electrolyte for energy storage system and transformer insulating oil according to the second embodiment of the present invention, the enclosure is used to inspect the energy storage system (ESS) or transformer. It is a box body,

If the enclosure is an energy storage system, the fluid is an electrolyte of the energy storage system,

If the enclosure is a transformer, the fluid may be the insulating oil of the transformer.

Additionally, the means for solving the above problems do not enumerate all the features of the present invention. The various features of the present invention and the resulting advantages and effects can be understood in more detail by referring to the specific embodiments below.

In the proposed device of Figure 1, when the transmitting antenna of the cylinder in the enclosure radiates a signal of HF, VHF, or UHF, it passes through the enclosure due to the dominant force of the magnetic field, is refracted through the internal fluid, and comes out to other parts of the enclosure, and is transmitted here and there. Transmitted waves are collected with a small broadband receiving antenna of metamaterial type in the HF, VHF, and UHF bands.

Based on this transmitted wave and the reflected wave acquired by the transmit antenna, the complex permittivity is extracted using the NWS algorithm or Retrieval algorithm. In particular, the accuracy of complex permittivity increases because even the phase part is used.

In addition, changes in the temperature of the internal fluid cause the value of the dielectric constant and mechanical behavior to change the phase of the transmitted wave, so that the extracted complex dielectric constant has a correlation with the temperature change, allowing internal changes to be known from the outside. At this time, when the transmitter and receiver in the estimate.

In the proposed device of Figure 3, when the HF, VHF, and UHF band metamaterial transmitting antenna located outside the enclosure radiates a signal, it passes through the enclosure due to the dominant force of the magnetic field, is refracted through the internal fluid, and comes out to another part of the enclosure. Transmitted waves are collected using small, wideband receiving antennas in the HF, VHF, and UHF band meta-materials placed throughout the area. Based on this transmitted wave and the reflected wave acquired by the transmit antenna, the complex permittivity is extracted using the NWS algorithm or Retrieval algorithm. In particular, the accuracy of complex permittivity increases because even the phase part is used. In addition, the temperature change of the internal fluid causes the value of the dielectric constant and mechanical behavior to change the phase of the transmitted wave, so that the extracted complex dielectric constant has a correlation with the temperature change, allowing the internal change to be known from the outside. At this time, when the transmitter and receiver in the

Figure 1 is a diagram illustrating an RF-based non-destructive tomographic inspection device for dielectric constant and internal temperature change of lithium-ion battery electrolyte and transformer insulating oil for an energy storage system according to the first embodiment of the present invention. ), a metal enclosure that is a non-destructive test object for the dielectric constant of the electrolyte, which is the internal fluid, a narrow cylinder coming down through the top of the enclosure (to separate the fluid and the transmitting antenna), and a HF, VHF, UHF band metamaterial transmitting antenna (small broadband) inside the narrow cylinder. Antenna, small low-frequency antenna), existing non-destructive detection devices have a receiver right next to the transmitter, so the dielectric constant is obtained only from reflected waves. In order to solve the inaccuracy, an enclosure is designed to use not only reflected waves but also electromagnetic transmission waves to detect dielectric constant. It consists of multiple HF, VHF, and UHF band metamaterial receiving antennas that can be placed throughout the surface.
FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating the operation of an RF-based non-destructive tomographic inspection device for dielectric constant and internal temperature change of a lithium-ion battery electrolyte for an energy storage system and transformer insulating oil according to the first embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 1.
Figure 3 is a diagram illustrating an RF-based non-destructive tomographic inspection device for dielectric constant and internal temperature change of lithium-ion battery electrolyte for energy storage system and transformer insulating oil according to the second embodiment of the present invention, which includes an enclosure containing an electrolyte such as ESS and Outside of that, HF, VHF, and UHF band metamaterial transmission antennas (small broadband antennas, small low-frequency antennas), existing non-destructive detection devices place a receiver right next to the transmitter, so to solve the inaccuracy of the dielectric constant obtained only from reflected waves, It consists of a number of HF, VHF, and UHF band meta-material receiving antennas that can be placed on the surface of the enclosure for the purpose of detecting dielectric constant as well as electromagnetic transmission waves.
FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating the operation of an RF-based non-destructive tomographic inspection device for dielectric constant and internal temperature change of a lithium-ion battery electrolyte for an energy storage system and transformer insulating oil according to the second embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 3.

Hereinafter, embodiments disclosed in the present specification will be described in detail with reference to the attached drawings. However, identical or similar components will be assigned the same reference numbers regardless of reference numerals, and duplicate descriptions thereof will be omitted. The suffixes “module” and “part” for components used in the following description are given or used interchangeably only for the ease of preparing the specification, and do not have distinct meanings or roles in themselves. That is, the term 'unit' used in the present invention refers to a hardware component such as software, FPGA, or ASIC, and the 'unit' performs certain roles. However, 'wealth' is not limited to software or hardware. The 'part' may be configured to reside on an addressable storage medium and may be configured to run on one or more processors. Therefore, as an example, 'part' refers to components such as software components, object-oriented software components, class components and task components, processes, functions, properties, procedures, Includes subroutines, segments of program code, drivers, firmware, microcode, circuits, data, databases, data structures, tables, arrays, and variables. The functionality provided within the components and 'parts' may be combined into a smaller number of components and 'parts' or may be further separated into additional components and 'parts'.

Additionally, in describing the embodiments disclosed in this specification, if it is determined that detailed descriptions of related known technologies may obscure the gist of the embodiments disclosed in this specification, the detailed descriptions will be omitted. In addition, the attached drawings are only for easy understanding of the embodiments disclosed in this specification, and the technical idea disclosed in this specification is not limited by the attached drawings, and all changes included in the spirit and technical scope of the present invention are not limited. , should be understood to include equivalents or substitutes.

Hereinafter, with reference to the attached drawings, an RF-based non-destructive tomographic inspection device for dielectric constant and internal temperature change of a lithium-ion battery electrolyte for an energy storage system and transformer insulating oil according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described.

The RF-based non-destructive tomographic inspection device of the dielectric constant and internal temperature change of the lithium-ion battery electrolyte for an energy storage system and transformer insulating oil according to the first embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 1 is based on the dielectric constant of the electrolyte 114, which is an internal fluid. A narrow cylinder 100 that penetrates the upper surface of the enclosure 112 of an energy storage system (ESS), which is a non-destructive test target, and a short wave (HF: high frequency) and very high frequency (VHF) device disposed within the cylinder 100. : very high frequency, very high frequency (UHF) band metamaterial transmission antenna that receives reflected waves reflected from the fluid inside the enclosure. ) Band metamaterial transmission antenna 102, receives a reflected wave reflected from the electrolyte 114 inside the enclosure 112 and an electromagnetic transmission wave penetrating the electrolyte 114 inside the enclosure 112, and the enclosure 112 First to fourth HF, VHF, UHF band metamaterial receiving antennas (104_1 to 104_4) disposed spaced apart from the outer surface or outer surface of (112), a signal generator for providing a signal to the transmitting antenna (102) 106), and estimating the dielectric constant of the electrolyte 114 inside the enclosure 112 based on the reflected wave and the signal received from the first to fourth HF, VHF, and UHF band metamaterial receiving antennas 104_1 to 104_4. It includes a dielectric constant estimator 108 to do this.

In Figure 1, if the surface of the enclosure 112 facing the second HF, VHF, and UHF band metamaterial receiving antenna 104_2 is referred to as the front, the fourth HF, VHF, and UHF band metamaterial receiving antenna 104_4 is located on the enclosure. It is assumed that it is placed at the rear of (112).

The narrow cylinder 100 is for separating the electrolyte 114 and the transmission antenna 102, and the transmission antenna 102 is a small broadband low-frequency antenna that spreads out short waves (HF: high frequency) and very high frequency (VHF: It is intended to transmit signals in the very high frequency (UHF) band, and the first to fourth HF, VHF, and UHF band metamaterial receiving antennas (104_1 to 104_4) are conventional non-destructive detection devices as transmitters. Since the dielectric constant is obtained using only reflected waves by placing a receiver right next to it, in order to solve the inaccuracy, not only reflected waves but also electromagnetic transmission waves are placed on the surface of the enclosure 112 for the purpose of detecting dielectric constant.

In addition, although not shown in FIG. 1, the RF-based non-destructive tomography inspection device of the dielectric constant and internal temperature change of the lithium-ion battery electrolyte for the energy storage system and the transformer insulating oil according to the first embodiment of the present invention is a device for inspecting the housing 112. It further includes an X-band to millimeter-wave band transceiver (not shown) for transmitting signals in the

In the present invention, the HF band refers to the 3 to 30 MHz band, the VF band refers to the 30 to 300 MHz band, the UHF band refers to the 300 to 3000 MHz band, the X band refers to the 8 to 12 GHz band, and the millimeter wave band refers to the 30 to 300 GHz band.

In addition, in the first embodiment of the present invention, the dielectric constant of the electrolyte 114 inside the enclosure 112 of the energy storage system (ESS) is estimated, but the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to this, and the dielectric constant of the transformer (not shown) is estimated. The dielectric constant of the insulating oil inside the enclosure can be estimated.

1 and 2, the signal generator 106 generates high frequency (HF), very high frequency (VHF), and ultra high frequency (UHF) band signals to generate high frequency (HF) band signals disposed in the cylinder 100. ), VHF (very high frequency), and UHF (ultra high frequency) bands are provided to the metamaterial transmission antenna 102.

The high frequency (HF), very high frequency (VHF), and ultra high frequency (UHF) band metamaterial transmission antenna 102 transmits high frequency (HF), very high frequency (VHF), and ultra high frequency (UHF) band signals. Transmit in all directions.

Then, as shown in FIG. 2, HF (high frequency), VHF (very high frequency), and UHF (ultra high frequency) band metamaterial transmission antenna 102 transmits in all directions HF (high frequency), VHF ( Very high frequency (UHF), ultra high frequency (UHF) band signals are refracted through the electrolyte 114 and come out through various parts of the enclosure 112 or are reflected from the electrolyte 114.

Next, the first to fourth HF, VHF, and UHF band meta-material receiving antennas (104_1 to 104_4) are refracted through the electrolyte 114 inside the enclosure 112 by the dominant force of the electromagnetic field and are then refracted into the housing 112. It receives electromagnetic transmission waves that pass through various parts.

In addition, the reflected wave reflected from the electrolyte 114 inside the enclosure 112 is a high frequency (HF), very high frequency (VHF), and ultra high frequency (UHF) band metamaterial transmission antenna ( It is obtained by 102) and transmitted to the signal generator 106. The signal generator 106 transmits information about the acquired reflected wave to the dielectric constant estimator 108.

Next, the dielectric constant estimator 108 generates an enclosure ( 112) Estimate the dielectric constant of the internal electrolyte 114.

In the RF-based non-destructive tomographic inspection device for dielectric constant and internal temperature change of lithium-ion battery electrolyte for energy storage system and transformer insulating oil according to the first embodiment of the present invention, the dielectric constant estimator 108 is different from the existing one in the electrolyte 114. In addition to the reflected waves, the transmitted waves that are refracted through the electrolyte 114 and pass through the enclosure 112 are used. When the electromagnetic field passes through the enclosure 112 and the electrolyte 114, the transmitted waves are refracted in various directions. is received and the dielectric constant is extracted with high accuracy.

That is, the dielectric constant estimator 108 uses the NWS algorithm or Retrieval algorithm based on the reflected wave acquired by the transmitting antenna 102, the transmitted wave acquired by the first to fourth receiving antennas 104_1 to 104_4, and the phase of the transmitted wave. Estimate the complex permittivity of the electrolyte 114 using . Since the dielectric constant estimator 108 estimates the dielectric constant using even the phase portion of the transmitted wave, the complex dielectric constant can be estimated more accurately.

The dielectric constant estimator 108 uses genetic algorithms (Genetic Algorithm, GA), PSO (Particle Swarm of Optimization), and deep learning algorithms during signal processing to determine the geometric structure and mathematical permittivity corresponding to the actual dielectric constant distribution. Calculate the value. These algorithms can also be combined with derivative-based (gradient) optimization methods and solutions of nonlinear equations.

However, if you look at the bottom of the enclosure 112 of the structure of FIG. 1, a heater 110, which cannot be seen in existing patents or papers, is attached.

The heater 110 is used to adjust the temperature of the electrolyte 114 to apply a temperature change to the electrolyte 114. The heater 110 controls the temperature of the electrolyte 114, changes the dielectric constant according to the temperature change, and reflects and transmits the electromagnetic field due to the change. This is for the task of creating a database of changes in waves.

If the correlation between the temperature of the electrolyte 114 and the dielectric constant of the electrolyte 114, reflected waves, and transmitted waves is recorded in advance through a database, temperature changes can be read as reflected waves and transmitted waves in actual situations, serving as reference data. will do.

The difference between detecting the temperature change of the electrolyte 114 through the above-described dielectric constant extraction is that it utilizes not only the size but also the distribution and phase change of the phase to accurately extract the dielectric constant based on the complex characteristics of the reflected and transmitted waves. As a result, the material constant and temperature change of the electrolyte 114 hidden in the enclosure 112 of the energy storage system (ESS) or the insulating oil hidden in the transformer can be found out using only an external device.

That is, the dielectric constant estimator 108 changes the complex dielectric constant of the electrolyte 114 based on the reflected wave, the transmitted wave, and the phase of the transmitted wave while changing the temperature of the electrolyte 114 using the heater 110. and estimate the temperature of the electrolyte 114 based on the correlation between the temperature of the electrolyte 114 and the estimated dielectric constant.

In addition, the change in temperature of the internal electrolyte 114 not only changes the value of the dielectric constant of the electrolyte 114, but also causes mechanical behavior according to the temperature change to change the phase of the transmitted wave, so that the extracted complex dielectric constant is determined by the temperature of the electrolyte 114. By being correlated with change, internal changes can be seen from the outside.

At this time, the dielectric constant estimator 108 operates in the Based on the phase change of the reflected wave due to the vibration of the surface of the enclosure 112 detected by the band transceiver (not shown), the correlation between the vibration of the surface of the enclosure 112 and the temperature change of the electrolyte 114 Estimate the relationship.

Meanwhile, the RF-based non-destructive tomography inspection device for dielectric constant and internal temperature change of lithium-ion battery electrolyte for energy storage system and transformer insulating oil according to the second embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. A short wave (HF: high frequency), ultrashort wave that is placed outside the enclosure 310 of an energy storage system (ESS), which is a non-destructive test object for dielectric constant, and transmits electromagnetic waves toward the electrolyte 312 inside the enclosure 310. (VHF: very high frequency), ultra high frequency (UHF: ultra high frequency) band metamaterial transmission antenna, which receives reflected waves reflected from the electrolyte 312 inside the enclosure 310. high frequency), UHF (ultra high frequency) band metamaterial transmission antenna 300, receives the electrolyte 312 inside the enclosure 310 and an electromagnetic transmission wave penetrating the enclosure 310, and the enclosure ( First to third HF, VHF, UHF band metamaterial receiving antennas (302_1 to 302_3) disposed spaced apart from the outer surface or outer surface of 310), and a signal generator 304 for providing a signal to the transmitting antenna 300. ), and estimating the dielectric constant of the electrolyte 312 inside the enclosure 310 based on the reflected wave and the signal received from the first to third HF, VHF, and UHF band metamaterial receiving antennas (302_1 to 302_3) It includes a dielectric constant estimator 306 for.

In FIG. 3, if the surface of the enclosure 310 facing the first HF, VHF, and UHF band metamaterial receiving antenna 302_1 is referred to as the front, the third HF, VHF, and UHF band metamaterial receiving antenna 302_3 is located on the enclosure. It is assumed that it is placed at the rear of (310).

In addition, although not shown in FIG. 3, the RF-based non-destructive tomography inspection device of the dielectric constant and internal temperature change of the lithium-ion battery electrolyte for energy storage system and transformer insulating oil according to the second embodiment of the present invention is a device for inspecting the housing 310. It further includes an X-band to millimeter-wave band transceiver (not shown) for transmitting signals in the

In addition, in the second embodiment of the present invention, the dielectric constant of the electrolyte 312 inside the housing of the energy storage system (ESS) is estimated, but the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to this, and the dielectric constant inside the housing of the transformer (not shown) is estimated. The dielectric constant of insulating oil can be estimated.

The RF-based non-destructive tomographic inspection device for dielectric constant and internal temperature change of lithium-ion battery electrolyte for energy storage system and transformer insulating oil according to the second embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 3 is the first embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 1. It is similar to an RF-based non-destructive tomographic inspection device for the dielectric constant and internal temperature changes of lithium-ion battery electrolyte for energy storage systems and transformer insulating oil.

However, the transmission antenna 102 and the cylinder 100 for separating the electrolyte 114 shown in FIG. 1 are not in FIG. 2, and the dielectric constant of the lithium-ion battery electrolyte and transformer insulating oil for the energy storage system according to the second embodiment of the present invention In the RF-based non-destructive tomography inspection device for internal temperature changes, the transmitting antenna 300 is located outside the enclosure 310 along with the first to third receiving antennas 302_1 to 302_3. Even so, the inspection device shown in FIG. 2 uses the same dielectric constant estimation and temperature change detection methods as the inspection device shown in FIG. 1.

1 and 2, in order for the electromagnetic field to pass through the electrolyte or insulating oil as well as the inside of the enclosure, a low-frequency broadband antenna in the VHF band, which is used for an electromagnetic field antenna below the UHF band, and a low-frequency broadband antenna in the HF band, which is used for wireless power transmission, must be used as a transmission antenna (102, 300). ) is used as.

The prior art uses a horn antenna inverted triangle antenna as a transmission antenna, but since it is mainly for broadband operation above GHz, the electromagnetic field cannot pass through the housing as well as the internal fluid. The present invention uses a metamaterial structure to be compact and have a wide bandwidth in the low frequency band.

In addition, in order to detect mechanical vibration on the surface of the enclosure due to fluctuation of the fluid due to temperature changes inside the enclosure as a phase change in the transmitted wave, a transmitter and receiver (not shown) in the X band to the millimeter wave band is further included.

3 and 4, the signal generator 304 generates high frequency (HF), very high frequency (VHF), and ultra high frequency (UHF) band signals to generate high frequency (HF) and very high frequency (VHF) band signals. ), provided to the UHF (ultra high frequency) band metamaterial transmission antenna 300.

The high frequency (HF), very high frequency (VHF), and ultra high frequency (UHF) band metamaterial transmission antenna 300 transmits high frequency (HF), very high frequency (VHF), and ultra high frequency (UHF) band signals. It is transmitted toward the electrolyte 312 inside the enclosure 310.

Then, as shown in FIG. 4, HF (high frequency), VHF (very high frequency), and UHF (ultra high frequency) band metamaterial transmission antenna 300 transmits HF (high frequency), VHF (very high frequency) frequency), UHF (ultra high frequency) band signals pass through the housing 310, pass through the electrolyte 312, are refracted, pass through various parts of the enclosure 310, and come out or are reflected from the electrolyte 312.

Next, the first to third HF, VHF, and UHF band metamaterial receiving antennas (302_1 to 302_3) pass through the enclosure 310 with the dominant force of the electromagnetic field and penetrate the electrolyte solution 312 inside the enclosure 310. It receives electromagnetic transmission waves that are refracted and pass through various parts of the enclosure 310.

In addition, the reflected wave reflected from the electrolyte 312 inside the enclosure 310 is acquired by the high frequency (HF), very high frequency (VHF), and ultra high frequency (UHF) band metamaterial transmission antenna 300 to transmit a signal. It is passed to the generator 304. The signal generator 304 transmits information about the acquired reflected wave to the dielectric constant estimator 306.

Next, the dielectric constant estimator 306 calculates the enclosure ( 310) Estimate the dielectric constant of the internal electrolyte 312.

Referring to FIGS. 3 and 4, in the RF-based non-destructive tomographic inspection device for dielectric constant and internal temperature change of lithium-ion battery electrolyte for energy storage system and transformer insulating oil according to the second embodiment of the present invention, the dielectric constant estimator 306 is , Unlike the existing method, not only the reflected wave reflected from the electrolyte 312 but also the transmitted wave that passes through the electrolyte 312 and is refracted and passes through the enclosure 310 is used. The electric magnetic field passes through the enclosure 310 and the electrolyte 312. The dielectric constant is extracted with high accuracy by receiving transmitted waves from various directions that are refracted.

That is, the dielectric constant estimator 306 uses the NWS algorithm or Retrieval algorithm based on the reflected wave acquired by the transmitting antenna 300, the transmitted wave acquired by the first to third receiving antennas 302_1 to 302_3, and the phase of the transmitted wave. Estimate the complex permittivity of the electrolyte 312 using . Since the dielectric constant estimator 306 estimates the dielectric constant using even the phase portion of the transmitted wave, the complex dielectric constant can be estimated more accurately. That is, the dielectric constant estimator 306 estimates the complex dielectric constant of the electrolyte 312 based on the reflected wave, the transmitted wave, and the phase of the transmitted wave.

The dielectric constant estimator 306 uses genetic algorithms (Genetic Algorithm, GA), PSO (Particle Swarm of Optimization), and deep learning algorithms during signal processing to determine the geometric structure and mathematical permittivity corresponding to the actual dielectric constant distribution. Calculate the value. These algorithms can also be combined with derivative-based (gradient) optimization methods and solutions of nonlinear equations.

However, if you look at the bottom of the enclosure 310 of the structure of FIG. 3, a heater 308, which cannot be seen in existing patents or papers, is attached.

The heater 308 is used to adjust the temperature of the electrolyte 312 and apply a temperature change to the electrolyte 312. The heater 308 controls the temperature of the electrolyte 312, changes the dielectric constant according to the temperature change, and reflects and transmits the electromagnetic field due to the change. This is for the task of creating a database of changes in waves.

If the correlation between the temperature of the electrolyte 312 and the dielectric constant of the electrolyte 312, reflected waves, and transmitted waves is recorded in advance through a database, temperature changes can be read as reflected waves and transmitted waves in actual situations, serving as reference data. will do.

The difference between detecting the temperature change of the electrolyte 312 through the above-described dielectric constant extraction is that it utilizes not only the size but also the distribution and phase change of the phase to accurately extract the dielectric constant based on the complex characteristics of the reflected and transmitted waves. As a result, the material constant and temperature change of the electrolyte 312 hidden in the enclosure 310 of the energy storage system (ESS) or the insulating oil hidden in the transformer can be found out using only an external device.

That is, the dielectric constant estimator 306 changes the temperature of the electrolyte 312 using the heater 308 and calculates the complex dielectric constant of the electrolyte 312 based on the reflected wave, the transmitted wave, and the phase of the transmitted wave. The change is estimated, and the temperature of the electrolyte solution 312 is estimated based on the correlation between the temperature of the electrolyte solution 312 and the estimated dielectric constant.

In addition, the change in temperature of the internal electrolyte 312 not only changes the value of the dielectric constant of the electrolyte 312, but also causes mechanical behavior according to the temperature change to change the phase of the transmitted wave, so that the complex dielectric constant extracted is determined by the temperature of the electrolyte 312. By being correlated with change, internal changes can be seen from the outside.

At this time, the dielectric constant estimator 306 operates in the Based on the phase change of the reflected wave due to the vibration of the surface of the enclosure 310 detected by the band transceiver (not shown), the correlation between the vibration of the surface of the enclosure 310 and the temperature change of the electrolyte 312 Estimate the relationship.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments and attached drawings. For those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains, it will be clear that components according to the present invention can be replaced, modified, and changed without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention.

100: cylinder
102: Shortwave (HF), very high frequency (VHF), and ultrahigh frequency (UHF) band metamaterial transmission antenna
104_1 to 104_4: 1st to 4th HF, VHF, UHF band metamaterial receiving antennas
106, 304: signal generator
108, 306: dielectric constant estimator
110, 308: heater
112, 310: enclosure
114, 312: electrolyte
300: Shortwave (HF), very high frequency (VHF), and ultrahigh frequency (UHF) band metamaterial transmission antenna
302_1 to 302_3: first to third HF, VHF, UHF band metamaterial receiving antennas

Claims (10)

A cylinder that penetrates the upper surface of the enclosure, which is the subject of a non-destructive test for the dielectric constant of the internal fluid;
An HF (high frequency), VHF (very high frequency), and UHF (ultra high frequency) band metamaterial transmission antenna disposed within the cylinder, which receives reflected waves reflected from the fluid inside the enclosure. very high frequency), UHF (ultra high frequency) band metamaterial transmission antenna;
a plurality of HF, VHF, and UHF band metamaterial receiving antennas that receive fluid inside the enclosure and electromagnetic transmission waves penetrating the enclosure, and are spaced apart from an outer surface or outer surface of the enclosure;
a signal generator for providing a signal to the transmit antenna; and
A dielectric constant estimator for estimating the dielectric constant of the fluid inside the enclosure based on the reflected wave and signals received from the plurality of receiving antennas,
Further comprising a heater for controlling the temperature of the fluid,
The dielectric constant estimator estimates a change in the complex dielectric constant of the fluid based on the reflected wave, the transmitted wave, and the phase of the transmitted wave while changing the temperature of the fluid, and determines the correlation between the temperature of the fluid and the estimated dielectric constant. Based on this, estimate the temperature of the fluid,
It further includes an
The dielectric constant estimator responds to the vibration of the surface of the enclosure detected by the Based on the phase change of the reflected wave, the correlation between the vibration of the surface of the enclosure and the temperature change of the fluid is estimated. RF-based non-destructive tomography inspection device. In claim 1,
The dielectric constant estimator estimates the complex dielectric constant of the fluid based on a reflected wave reflected from the fluid inside the enclosure, an electromagnetic transmission wave passing through the fluid inside the enclosure, and the phase of the transmission wave. RF-based non-destructive tomographic inspection device for dielectric constant and internal temperature changes of lithium-ion battery electrolyte for systems and transformer insulating oil. delete delete In claim 1,
The enclosure is an enclosure of an energy storage system (ESS) or transformer,
If the enclosure is an energy storage system, the fluid is an electrolyte of the energy storage system,
If the enclosure is a transformer, the fluid is an RF-based non-destructive tomographic inspection device for dielectric constant and internal temperature change of lithium-ion battery electrolyte for an energy storage system and transformer insulating oil, wherein the fluid is the insulating oil of the transformer. A metamaterial in the HF (high frequency), VHF (very high frequency), and UHF (ultra high frequency) bands that is placed on the outside of the enclosure, which is the subject of a non-destructive test for the dielectric constant of the internal fluid, and transmits electromagnetic waves toward the fluid inside the enclosure. HF (high frequency), VHF (very high frequency), and UHF (ultra high frequency) band metamaterial transmission antenna that receives reflected waves reflected from the fluid inside the enclosure as a transmission antenna;
a plurality of HF, VHF, and UHF band metamaterial receiving antennas that receive fluid inside the enclosure and electromagnetic transmission waves penetrating the enclosure, and are spaced apart from an outer surface or outer surface of the enclosure;
a signal generator for providing a signal to the transmit antenna; and
A dielectric constant estimator for estimating the dielectric constant of the fluid inside the enclosure based on the reflected wave and signals received from the plurality of receiving antennas,
Further comprising a heater for controlling the temperature of the fluid,
The dielectric constant estimator estimates a change in the complex dielectric constant of the fluid based on the reflected wave, the transmitted wave, and the phase of the transmitted wave while changing the temperature of the fluid, and determines the correlation between the temperature of the fluid and the estimated dielectric constant. Based on this, estimate the temperature of the fluid,
It further includes an
The dielectric constant estimator responds to the vibration of the surface of the enclosure detected by the Based on the phase change of the reflected wave, the correlation between the vibration of the surface of the enclosure and the temperature change of the fluid is estimated. RF-based non-destructive tomography inspection device. In claim 6,
The dielectric constant estimator estimates the complex dielectric constant of the fluid based on a reflected wave reflected from the fluid inside the enclosure, an electromagnetic transmission wave passing through the fluid inside the enclosure, and the phase of the transmission wave. RF-based non-destructive tomographic inspection device for dielectric constant and internal temperature changes of lithium-ion battery electrolyte for systems and transformer insulating oil. delete delete In claim 6,
The enclosure is an enclosure of an energy storage system (ESS) or transformer,
If the enclosure is an energy storage system, the fluid is an electrolyte of the energy storage system,
If the enclosure is a transformer, the fluid is an RF-based non-destructive tomographic inspection device for dielectric constant and internal temperature change of lithium-ion battery electrolyte for an energy storage system and transformer insulating oil, wherein the fluid is the insulating oil of the transformer.