KR102576053B1 - System for organic rankine cycle of ship and ship having the same - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention is a heat source supply unit 110 for recovering and supplying one or more heat sources generated inside the ship during voyage or one or more heat sources generated in the ship's inboard facilities or external facilities during berth, and the heat source of the heat source supply unit 110 Formed by N manifolds 120 connected to one or more heat sources grouped according to the type or characteristics of, organic Rankine cycle power unit 130 that generates power through organic Rankine cycle of organic working fluid, and N manifolds 120 supplying and Including the control unit 150 that controls the circulation of the organic working fluid (here, N means a natural number), the state of the heat source is checked according to all operating conditions of the ship, and the heat source suitable for the ship operating situation is converted into an organic Rankine cycle Disclosed is a waste heat and heat source control system using an organic Rankine cycle of a ship, which increases operating time and power output by supplying water.

Description

Ship's organic rankine cycle system and ship equipped with it {SYSTEM FOR ORGANIC RANKINE CYCLE OF SHIP AND SHIP HAVING THE SAME}

The present invention checks the state of the heat source according to all operating conditions of the ship and selectively supplies a heat source suitable for the ship operating situation to the organic Rankine cycle to increase operation time, operation rate, and power production. The organic Rankine cycle of the ship It relates to a used waste heat and heat source control system and a ship equipped with the same.

Research on the energy efficiency of ships is necessary, and active research is being conducted in each field on how to utilize the energy discarded from ships. Accordingly, recently, a waste heat recovery system (WHRS) that utilizes a heat source of exhaust gas has been developed and used.

On the other hand, the waste heat recovery system additionally installs a gas turbine that directly uses the high-temperature exhaust gas discharged from the engine as a working fluid and a steam turbine that uses some of the steam generated by using the heat of the high-temperature exhaust gas as a working fluid. It is a system designed to generate electricity.

As a prior art related to this, Korean Patent Registration No. 10-2011859 is disclosed, and an energy saving system using waste heat of a ship according to the prior art, as illustrated in FIG. 1, is supplied to an exhaust gas economizer (EE) A waste heat recovery steam generator (100') that recovers waste heat from exhaust gas and heats the liquid supplied to the exhaust gas economizer (EE) to generate wet steam, and the steam is separated from the wet steam and exchanges heat with the remaining liquid, and has a boiling point higher than water An organic Rankine cycle generator (200') that generates electricity using a low organic refrigerant as a working fluid and exchanges additional heat with the steam produced by the waste heat recovery steam generator (100') is provided to effectively recover waste heat from exhaust gas. want to use

However, since waste heat of exhaust gas is used to generate power by heat exchange with a working fluid, the use of a heat source is limited, and power generation using only exhaust gas is difficult to overcome environmental pollution regulations.

Accordingly, a technology capable of generating power by an organic Rankine cycle using more diverse heat sources and using a heat source capable of satisfying environmental pollution regulations in consideration of ship operating conditions is required.

Korean Registered Patent Publication No. 10-1326007 (Energy saving device using waste heat from ships, published on November 7, 2013) Korean Registered Patent Publication No. 10-2011859 (Energy saving system using waste heat from ships, published on August 19, 2019)

The technical problem to be achieved by the spirit of the present invention is to check the state of the heat source according to all operating conditions of the ship, and to selectively supply the heat source suitable for the ship operating condition through an organic Rankine cycle to increase operation time, operation rate and power output. It is to provide a waste heat and heat source control system using an organic Rankine cycle of a ship and a ship equipped with the same.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is a heat source supply unit for recovering and supplying one or more heat sources generated from inboard facilities of a ship during voyage, or one or more heat sources generated from inboard facilities or external facilities of the ship during berth; N manifolds connected to the one or more heat sources grouped according to the type or characteristics of the heat sources of the heat source supply unit; an organic Rankine cycle power unit generating electric power through an organic Rankine cycle of an organic working fluid; N heat exchangers formed for each of the N manifolds to exchange heat with a heat source of the manifold and the organic working fluid of the organic Rankine cycle power unit; And a control unit for controlling the supply of the heat source and the circulation of the organic working fluid according to navigation, anchorage, type of heat source or characteristics of the heat source; Here, N means a natural number).

In addition, the manifold is connected to the inboard facility that supplies waste heat of exhaust gas as a heat source through a first supply line, or is connected to the inboard facility or external facility that supplies steam or hot water as a heat source through a second supply line. can be connected

In addition, a transmitter for transmitting state information of each heat source flowing through the first supply line and the second supply line to the control unit, and a first damper or a first valve for adjusting the flow rate of each heat source are further provided for each supply line. can include

In addition, a second damper or a second valve for adjusting the flow rate of the organic working fluid circulation pipe between the organic Rankine cycle power unit and the heat exchanger may be further included.

In addition, the control unit checks the state of the heat source according to the state information of the heat source transmitted from the transmitter, and selectively supplies a heat source suitable for the ship's operation situation to the heat exchanger to exchange heat with the first damper or the first damper. The first valve may be controlled, and the second damper or the second valve may be controlled according to a supply line through which a heat source is supplied.

In addition, the transmitter may include any one or more of a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, and a flow sensor.

In addition, the heat source may include exhaust gas from a main engine, exhaust gas from a generator, exhaust gas from a boiler that generates steam or steam, exhaust gas that generates steam or steam from an economizer, hot water or steam from a fuel cell, and the external It may contain any one or more of the facility's hot water or steam.

In this case, the external facility may include a geothermal facility.

Also, among the N manifolds, a first manifold may be connected to a heat source grouped into an exhaust gas system, and a second manifold may be connected to a heat source grouped into a steam and hot water system.

In addition, during sailing, at least one of exhaust gas from the main engine and the generator, exhaust gas discharged from the economizer or steam generated by the exhaust gas, and waste heat from the fuel cell may be used as a heat source.

In addition, at least one of exhaust gas from the generator, exhaust gas from the boiler or steam generated by the exhaust gas, hot water from the fuel cell, and hot water or steam from the external facility can be used as a heat source during the mooring.

In addition, the exhaust gas passing through the first heat exchanger among the N heat exchangers corresponding to the first manifold may be subjected to desulfurization and denitrification treatment and discharged into the atmosphere.

In addition, steam and hot water passing through the second heat exchanger among the N heat exchangers corresponding to the second manifold may be circulated in the ship or recovered to the external facility.

In addition, power generated by the organic Rankine cycle power unit may be supplied to the ESS for charging.

Meanwhile, another embodiment of the present invention provides a ship equipped with a waste heat and heat source control system using the aforementioned organic Rankine cycle of the ship.

According to the present invention, the state of the heat source is checked according to all operating conditions of the ship, and the heat source suitable for the ship operating condition is selectively supplied through an organic Rankine cycle to increase operation time, operation rate, and power output.

In addition, according to the present invention, in an environmentally friendly way, it is possible to generate and charge electric power through various heat sources or supply it to power demanders on board, reduce fuel consumption on board for power generation, and reduce environmental pollutants in the port accompanying power generation. It has the effect of minimizing emissions.

1 illustrates an energy saving system using waste heat of a ship according to the prior art.
Figure 2 shows a schematic configuration diagram of a waste heat and heat source control system using an organic Rankine cycle of a ship according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 illustrates a graph showing temperature characteristics of a heat source used in the waste heat and heat source control system using the organic Rankine cycle of the ship of FIG. 2 .

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention having the above-described characteristics will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The waste heat and heat source control system using the organic Rankine cycle of the ship according to an embodiment of the present invention is one or more heat sources generated in the ship's inboard facilities during voyage, or one or more heat sources generated in the ship's inboard facilities or external facilities during berth A heat source supply unit 110 that recovers and supplies N manifolds 120 connected to one or more heat sources grouped according to the type or characteristics of the heat source of the heat source supply unit 110, and the organic working fluid. Produces power through an organic Rankine cycle N heat exchangers 140 formed for each N number of manifolds 120 and exchanging heat with the heat source of the manifold 120 and the organic working fluid of the organic Rankine cycle power unit 130, and a control unit 150 that controls the supply of heat sources and the circulation of organic working fluids according to navigation, anchorage, types of heat sources or characteristics of heat sources (where N means a natural number), Accordingly, the main point is to check the state of the heat source and supply the heat source suitable for the ship operating situation through an organic Rankine cycle to increase the operating time and power output.

In an embodiment of the present invention, a ship may be a concept including an offshore structure or an offshore plant.

Hereinafter, referring to FIGS. 2 and 3, the waste heat and heat source control system using the organic Rankine cycle of the vessel having the above configuration will be described in detail.

First, the heat source supply unit 110 recovers one or more heat sources generated in the ship's internal facilities during voyage and supplies them to the heat exchanger 140 through the corresponding manifold 120, or the heat source generated in the ship's internal or external facilities during berth. One or more heat sources are recovered and supplied to the heat exchanger 140 through the manifold 120.

On the other hand, the heat source is a generator (G) that generates power by burning fossil fuels such as exhaust gas, diesel, etc., which are passed through a turbo charger from the main engine (M/E) 111 or bypassed. /E) Exhaust gas from 112, steam from boiler (BLR) 113 or exhaust gas from fossil fuels burned to produce steam, steam or steam from Exhaust Gas Economizer (EGE) 114 Exhaust gas supplied from the main engine 111, cooling water (hot water) or steam of the fuel cell (FC) 115, and hot water or steam of the external geothermal facility 116 as an external facility to generate at least one of It may include, but is not particularly limited thereto, and may include various heat sources that may be generated from inboard energy production facilities during sailing and berth or from external energy production facilities during berth.

Here, the fuel cell is an alkaline fuel cell (AFC), PAFC, molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFC), solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC), polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEMFC), and direct methanol fuel cell, depending on the electrolyte used. (DMFC), etc. may be applied.

Next, N manifolds 120 are configured, and each is connected to one or more heat sources grouped according to the type or characteristics of the heat sources of the heat source supply unit 110 listed above.

Referring to FIG. 2 , the first manifold 121 among N manifolds 120 is a heat source of the main engine 111, the generator 112, the boiler 113, and the fuel cell 115 grouped into the exhaust gas system. Each is connected, and the second manifold 122 may be connected to the heat sources of the boiler 113, economizer 114, fuel cell 115, and geothermal facility 116 grouped into steam and hot water systems.

Specifically, the N number of manifolds 120 are connected to onboard facilities that supply waste heat of exhaust gas as a heat source through the first supply line 121-1, or are connected to inboard facilities or external geothermal facilities that supply steam or hot water as a heat source. 116 and may be connected through the second supply line 122-1.

On the other hand, as mentioned above, heat sources that may be generated from other inboard energy production facilities during voyage and berth or from external energy production facilities during berth are grouped according to types or characteristics, and individual manifolds and individual heat exchangers and 1: Corresponding to 1, it is also possible to install a plurality of them.

For example, in the case of exhaust gas, carbon residue or hydrocarbon residue generated in the combustion process is adsorbed inside the pipe constituting the first supply line 121-1, resulting in a decrease in flow rate and heat loss, resulting in a decrease in heat exchange efficiency. Since there may be a possibility, a plurality of supply lines and manifolds can be designed and installed according to the type or characteristics of the heat source, and a suitable heat exchanger can be designed and installed in multiple according to the type or characteristics of the heat source.

Meanwhile, the manifold 120 transmits state information such as temperature, pressure or flow rate of each heat source flowing through the first supply line 121-1 and the second supply line 122-1 to the control unit 150 through a transmission line. ), and may further include a first damper 123 or a first valve 124 for adjusting the flow rate of each heat source for each supply line.

Here, a first damper 123 is installed in the first supply line 121-1 through which exhaust gas flows, and a first valve 124 is installed in the second supply line 122-1 through which steam or hot water flows. It may be desirable to install

For example, the transmitter T includes one or more of a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, and a flow sensor, but measures the temperature of the exhaust gas in the first supply line 121-1, and the second supply line 122-1 Measures the pressure of steam or the temperature and flow rate of hot water and transmits them to the control unit 150 through wired/wireless transmission lines to select a heat source capable of continuously operating the organic Rankine cycle power unit 130 based on ship operation conditions. can

For reference, the exhaust gas from the main engine 111 provides waste heat of 300° C. or higher, and also provides waste heat of 100° C. or higher while passing through the economizer 114.

On the other hand, FIG. 3 illustrates a graph showing the temperature characteristics of the heat source used in the waste heat and heat source control system using the organic Rankine cycle of the ship of FIG. Classify the heat source to select and use the heat source with the highest utilization regardless of the high-temperature heat source or the medium-low temperature heat source, and select and use the environmentally friendly heat source of the fuel cell 115 or geothermal facility 116 to prevent environmental pollution in the port The organic Rankine cycle power unit 130 may be operated without material discharge.

Next, the organic rankine cycle (ORC) power unit 130 generates power through an organic rankine cycle of an organic working fluid.

For example, the organic Rankine cycle heat-exchanges with a heat source in the heat exchanger 140 and adiabatically expands the vaporized organic working fluid to rotate the turbine, converting thermal energy into kinetic energy to generate electrical energy (electric power), and vaporized organic working fluid It consists of a process in which the fluid is condensed and liquefied by a condenser and circulated by a pump.

Meanwhile, a second damper or a second valve 131 may be further included to adjust the flow rate of the organic working fluid circulation pipe in which the organic working fluid circulates between the organic Rankine cycle power unit 130 and the heat exchanger 140. .

Next, N heat exchangers 140 are formed in a 1:1 correspondence for each N manifold 120, so that the heat source of the manifold 120 and the organic working fluid of the organic Rankine cycle power unit 130 and exchange heat

For example, referring to FIG. 2, a first heat exchanger 141 is installed corresponding to the first manifold 121, and the exhaust gas passing through the first heat exchanger 141 is desulfurized and desulfurized by an onboard desulfurization and denitrification facility. It can be denitrified and released to the atmosphere, and the second heat exchanger 142 is installed corresponding to the second manifold 122, and the steam and hot water that have passed through the second heat exchanger 142 are circulated in the ship or external geothermal facilities. (116).

Next, the control unit 150 controls the supply of the heat source to the manifold 120 and the circulation of the organic working fluid to the heat exchanger 140 according to the sailing or anchoring ship operation conditions, the type of heat source, or the characteristics of the heat source, so that the ship It checks the condition of the heat source according to all operation conditions of the ship and increases the operation time and power production by supplying the heat source suitable for the ship operation condition through an organic Rankine cycle.

For example, the controller 150 controls the first damper 123 or the first valve 124 to regulate the flow of the heat source passing through the first supply line 121-1 or the second supply line 122-1. The temperature and The state of the heat source may be checked according to the pressure and state information of the heat source, and a heat source suitable for the sailing or berthed ship's operating conditions may be selectively supplied to the heat exchanger 140 for heat exchange.

That is, the control unit 150 opens the first damper 123 to supply the heat source of the exhaust gas system to the first heat exchanger 141 through the first manifold 121, and to the first heat exchanger 141. The connected second valve 131 is opened to circulate the organic working fluid for heat exchange, and the first valve 124 is opened to supply the steam or hot water system to the second heat exchanger 142 through the second manifold 122. A heat source may be supplied, and the second valve 131 connected to the second heat exchanger 142 may be opened to circulate the organic working fluid to exchange heat.

On the other hand, the following table summarizes the occurrence of heat sources according to the sailing or anchoring of the ship.

Heat source generation ＼ Operation status sail anchorage
exhaust system cycle engine o - generator o o Boiler - o economizer o -
steam or hydrothermal system Boiler - o economizer o - fuel cell o o geothermal facility - o

In this way, during the voyage, the exhaust gas of the main engine 111 and the generator 112, the exhaust gas discharged from the economizer 114, or the steam generated by the exhaust gas, or the hot water or steam of the fuel cell 115 Any one or more is used as a heat source, and during anchorage, the exhaust gas of the generator 112, the exhaust gas of the boiler 113, or the steam generated by the exhaust gas, the fuel cell 115, or the external geothermal facility 116 By using at least one of hot water or steam as a heat source, it is possible to improve the operation rate of the organic Rankine cycle power unit 130 by securing a heat source usable in all ship operating situations. In other words, even in situations where there may be restrictions on the operation of the power generation system for power generation due to environmental regulations, carbon taxes, etc., while sailing or docked in a port, organic Rankine cycle power units can be utilized by utilizing various heat sources such as fuel cells and onshore geothermal facilities. It is possible to increase the operation rate of the generator 130 and produce power without increasing the load of the generator 112 .

Here, the power generated by the organic Rankine cycle power unit 130 through various heat sources can be supplied to an ESS (Energy Storage System) to be charged or supplied to an onboard power consumer in an environmentally friendly manner without driving a generator.

Meanwhile, another embodiment of the present invention provides a ship equipped with a waste heat and heat source control system using the aforementioned organic Rankine cycle of the ship.

In addition, when the above-described system is mounted on an LNG regasification vessel (LNG RV) or a floating gas storage regasification facility (FSRU), the organic Rankine cycle power unit 130 generates (utilizes) the heat source It is also possible to regasify LNG by supplying it to a fire extinguishing system so that the regasified gas can be supplied to a gas demand place on land through a pipe network.

These uses and applications are not limited to LNG, and can be used for regasification facilities such as LPG, LEG, liquefied hydrogen, and liquefied ammonia.

Therefore, by the waste heat and heat source control system using the ship's organic Rankine cycle as described above, the state of the heat source is checked according to all ship operating conditions, and the heat source suitable for the ship's operating situation is selectively supplied to the organic Rankine cycle to operate It can increase time, operation rate, and power production, and can generate and charge power through various heat sources in an eco-friendly way, or supply it to power demanders on board, reduce fuel consumption on board for power generation, and It is possible to minimize the discharge of environmental pollutants in the port.

The embodiments described in this specification and the configurations shown in the drawings are only one of the most preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not represent all of the technical spirit of the present invention, so various equivalents that can replace them at the time of this application. It should be understood that there may be waters and variations.

110: heat source supply unit 111: main engine
112: generator 113: boiler
114: economizer 115: fuel cell
116: geothermal facility 120: manifold
121: first manifold 122: second manifold
121-1: first supply line 122-1: second supply line
123: first damper 124: first valve
130: organic Rankine cycle power unit 131: second valve
140: heat exchanger 141: first heat exchanger
142: second heat exchanger 150: control unit
T: Transmitter

Claims (15)

A heat source supply unit for recovering and supplying one or more heat sources generated from inboard facilities of a ship during voyage, or one or more heat sources generated from inboard facilities or external facilities of the ship during berth;
N manifolds (where N is a natural number) connected to the one or more heat sources grouped according to the type or characteristics of the heat sources of the heat source supply unit;
an organic Rankine cycle power unit for generating electric power through an organic Rankine cycle of an organic working fluid;
N heat exchangers formed for each of the N manifolds to exchange heat with a heat source of the manifold and the organic working fluid of the organic Rankine cycle power unit; and
A controller for controlling the supply of the heat source and the circulation of the organic working fluid according to navigation, anchorage, type of heat source or characteristics of the heat source;
The manifold is connected to the inboard facility that supplies waste heat of exhaust gas as a heat source through a first supply line, and is connected to the inboard facility or the external facility that supplies steam or hot water as a heat source through a second supply line,
Of the N manifolds, a first manifold is connected to a heat source grouped in an exhaust gas system, and a second manifold is connected to a heat source grouped in a steam and hot water system,
The heat source grouped into the exhaust gas system is supplied from the main engine to generate exhaust gas of the main engine, exhaust gas of the generator, exhaust gas of fuel burned to generate steam of the boiler, and steam of the economizer exhaust gas,
The heat sources grouped into the steam and hot water system are the steam of the boiler, the steam of the economizer, the hot water or steam of the fuel cell, and the hot water or steam of the external facility,
Further comprising a first transmitter for transmitting state information of each heat source flowing through the first supply line to the control unit, and a first damper for adjusting the flow rate of each heat source for each supply line,
Further comprising a second transmitter for transmitting state information of each heat source flowing through the second supply line to the control unit, and a first valve for adjusting the flow rate of each heat source for each supply line,
The control unit checks the state of the heat source according to the state information of the heat source transmitted from the first transmitter or the second transmitter, and selectively supplies a heat source suitable for the ship's operation condition to the heat exchanger to exchange heat. 1 Characterized in controlling the damper or the first valve,
The ship's organic Rankine cycle system. delete delete According to claim 1,
Characterized in that it further comprises a second damper or a second valve for adjusting the flow rate of the organic working fluid circulation pipe between the organic Rankine cycle power unit and the heat exchanger,
The ship's organic Rankine cycle system. According to claim 4,
The control unit checks the state of the heat source according to the state information of the heat source transmitted from the first transmitter or the second transmitter, and further operates the second damper or the second valve according to a supply line through which the heat source is supplied. characterized by controlling
The ship's organic Rankine cycle system. According to claim 5,
Characterized in that the first transmitter or the second transmitter includes any one or more of a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, and a flow sensor,
The ship's organic Rankine cycle system. delete According to claim 1,
Characterized in that the external facility includes a geothermal facility,
The ship's organic Rankine cycle system. delete According to claim 1,
Characterized in that during voyage, exhaust gas of the main engine, exhaust gas of the generator, exhaust gas discharged from the economizer, steam generated from the economizer, and hot water or steam of the fuel cell are used as heat sources,
The ship's organic Rankine cycle system. According to claim 1,
Characterized in that, during anchorage, exhaust gas from the generator, exhaust gas from the boiler, steam generated from the boiler, hot water or steam from the fuel cell, and hot water or steam from the external facility are used as heat sources,
The ship's organic Rankine cycle system. According to claim 1,
Characterized in that the exhaust gas passing through the first heat exchanger of the N heat exchangers corresponding to the first manifold is subjected to desulfurization and denitrification treatment and discharged to the atmosphere.
The ship's organic Rankine cycle system. According to claim 1,
Characterized in that steam and hot water passing through the second heat exchanger among the N heat exchangers corresponding to the second manifold are circulated in the ship or recovered to the external facility,
The ship's organic Rankine cycle system. According to claim 1,
Characterized in that the electric power produced by the organic Rankine cycle power unit is supplied to the ESS for charging.
The ship's organic Rankine cycle system. A ship having the organic Rankine cycle system according to any one of claims 1, 4 to 6, 8 and 10 to 14.