KR102566340B1 - Manufacturing method of eco-friendly silicate grout and grouting method using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing an eco-friendly silicate grout material without using a strong acidic material and a method for constructing water-resistant grouting using the same, which does not use a strong acidic material such as sulfuric acid as a reaction rate accelerator that determines the gel-time of the grout material. By using raw materials, the purpose is to ensure the safety of workers, (a) mixing sodium silicate with water to prepare a chemical solution A in a silica sol state (S10), (b) binder in cement (S20) to prepare a powdered first B medicine by mixing (S20), (c) mixing a reaction rate accelerator with the powdered first B medicine prepared in step S20 to prepare a powdered second B medicine Step (S30), (d) step (S50) of preparing a sol state B drug solution by mixing water with the powdery second B drug prepared in step S30 (S50), (e) A drug solution prepared in step S10 and mixing the liquid B prepared in step S40.

Description

Eco-friendly silicate grout material manufacturing method and order grouting construction method using the same

The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing an eco-friendly silicate grout material and a method for applying water-resistant grouting thereto, and more specifically, in manufacturing a sodium silicate-based grout material, by avoiding the use of strong acidic substances such as sulfuric acid, Eco-friendly silicate grout material manufacturing method and water-blocking grouting construction method that enable work in a safe working environment, prevent grouting equipment from corrosion, failure, and contamination of groundwater, and reduce the amount of sodium silicate used to reduce grout material manufacturing cost It is about.

In general, water order grouting refers to a method of blocking groundwater flow or stagnant water in the ground for building or civil engineering work.

That is, a water order wall is formed to block groundwater or stagnant water flowing in the ground, and a grout material is injected into the ground to form such a water order wall.

As the grout material, sodium silicate (three kinds of water glass) based grout materials are most often used.

In addition, general grout materials are manufactured by mixing liquid A and chemical liquid, and sodium silicate (sodium silicate, 3 types of water glass) is widely used as the main raw material of chemical liquid A, and cement is widely used as the main raw material of liquid chemical B.

Meanwhile, as a representative grouting method using a sodium silicate-based grout material, there is the L.W. (Labiles Wasserglass) method.

The L.W. The following [Table 1] shows the mixing ratio of the grout material used in the construction method based on 1 m 3 (1,000 L).

L.W. Standard mixing ratio of grout materials used in grouting method (based on 1㎥) Chemical A (500ℓ) Liquid B (500ℓ) Water glass (ℓ) water (ℓ) cement (kg) bentonite (kg) water (ℓ) 350 150 200 20 430

The L.W. The grout material used in the grouting method is prepared by mixing sodium silicate (water glass) with water to prepare chemical solution A, mixing cement with bentonite and water to prepare chemical solution B, and then mixing the chemical solution A and liquid B using a pump. It is injected into the soil through an injection device.

However, the L.W. The method has a disadvantage in that the time at which the grout material is solidified, that is, the gel-time cannot be controlled.

In addition, the gel-time of the grout material is very long, so it has to be constructed according to the conditions in the ground, and when groundwater flows or water is stagnant in the ground, it is difficult to form a barrier wall.

In order to compensate for the disadvantages of the above method, a grout method has been developed in which the gel-time can be reduced as much as possible and the gel-time can be adjusted by the operator in the field.

As a representative method, there is the S.G.R. (Space Grouting Rocket System) grouting method.

The mixing ratio of the grout material used in the S.G.R method is shown in the following [Table 2] based on 1 m 3 (1,000 L).

Standard mixing ratio of grout materials used in S.G.R grouting method (based on 1㎥) Chemical A (500ℓ) Liquid B (500ℓ) quick payment final material water glass
(ℓ) water
(ℓ) cement
(kg) SGR No. 7
(kg) water
(ℓ) cement
(kg) SGR No. 8
(kg) water
(ℓ) 250 250 150 60 420 150 57.5 420

When producing 1 m3 (1,000 ℓ) of injection material, the L.W. The water glass method requires 350 liters, while the S.G.R method requires 250 liters of water glass.

As a result, the S.G.R method is L.W. It has the advantage of reducing the amount of water glass used compared to the method.

However, in the S.G.R method, there is a disadvantage in that expensive SGR No. 7 (rapid additive gel-time regulator) and SGR No. 8 (complete additive gel-time regulator) must be added to control the gel-time of the grout material.

Also, the L.W. In the method and the S.G.R method, there is a disadvantage that the proportion of sodium silicate (water glass) used to produce the grout material is very high.

When the content of the water glass is increased, the manufacturing cost is increased, which is uneconomical, and the volumetric shrinkage in the ground becomes severe.

As a result, an empty space is formed in the ground as much as the volume is reduced, resulting in a secondary problem.

In addition, as the volume of the injection material injected into the ground is reduced, the separation phenomenon occurs at the same time, and the strong acidic substance among the components of the injection material thus separated reacts with other substances to contaminate groundwater.

In particular, among the components included in the injection material, calcium carbonate (CaCO ₃ ) is generated by reacting calcium (Ca) ions with silicate (Si: Silicate) of sodium silicate. It causes efflorescence in flowing groundwater or stagnant water.

In addition, when sodium hydroxide (NaOH) is converted to calcium carbonate (CaCO ₃ ), an exothermic reaction of about 78 calories (cal) per 1 g of calcium hydroxide occurs, increasing the temperature of water.

Therefore, when manufacturing a grout material, it is desirable to reduce the content of the water glass as much as possible.

On the other hand, in order to have a gel-time desired by the worker while the liquid A and liquid B are mixed, a 'reaction speed accelerator', which is an intermediate substance that shortens the solidification time of the grout material, is required.

In a conventional sodium silicate-based grout material, a strong acidic material such as sulfuric acid is mainly used as the reaction rate accelerator.

Sulfuric acid (CAS No. 7664-93-9) described above is a colorless, viscous liquid, and has characteristics of very low vapor pressure and good hygroscopicity.

However, sulfuric acid is an irritant that directly exhibits toxic effects when it comes into contact with specific target organs, and chemical burns, respiratory irritation, and eye irritation are known as cases of major occupational diseases occurring at home and abroad.

Accordingly, in Korea, exposure standards for workers handling sulfuric acid are regulated as OEL-TWA 0.2mg/㎥ and OEL-STEL 0.6mg/㎥.

In addition, the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) classifies the carcinogenicity of sulfuric acid as Group 1, which is confirmed to be carcinogenic to humans.

In addition, when sulfuric acid gets on the worker's skin, the skin is greatly damaged, when it gets on the worker's clothes, the clothes are burned, and when used for a long time, the grout material injection device malfunctions.

In addition, there is a problem that highly acidic substances such as sulfuric acid contaminate groundwater flowing in the ground to be grouted.

Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a grout material that does not use sulfuric acid, which is a strong acidic material.

The present invention is to solve the above problems of the prior art, and can secure the safety of workers by using environmentally friendly raw materials without using strong acidic substances such as sulfuric acid as a reaction rate accelerator that determines the gel-time of the grout material. Its purpose is to enable

Another object of the present invention is to prevent failure of a grout material injection device and contamination of groundwater by not using sulfuric acid.

Another object of the present invention is to reduce the manufacturing cost by greatly reducing the amount of water glass used in manufacturing the grout material.

Another object of the present invention is to be able to safely and easily manufacture a grout material in the field, and to easily control the gel-time.

Another object of the present invention is to enable water level grouting to be performed with existing grouting equipment, which is a low-pressure injection device.

Another object of the present invention is to prevent the elution phenomenon as much as possible and to minimize the phenomenon of shrinkage and reduction in compressive strength of the grout material injected after grouting.

In order to achieve the above object, the grout material manufacturing method according to the present invention includes (a) preparing a silica sol liquid chemical A by mixing sodium silicate with water (S10), (b) mixing a binder with cement Preparing a powdery first B medicine (S20), (c) preparing a powdery second B medicine by mixing a reaction rate accelerator with the powdery first B medicine prepared in step S20 (S30) ), (d) preparing a liquid B in a sol state by mixing water with the second B medicine in powder form prepared in step S30 (S40), (e) liquid medicine A prepared in step S10 and the above S40 and mixing the chemical liquid B prepared in step S10, by mixing 25 to 40% of sodium silicate and 60 to 75% of water in a weight ratio to prepare chemical liquid A in a silica sol state, and in step S20 , 60 to 75% of cement and 25 to 40% of binder are mixed in a weight ratio to prepare a powdered first medicine B, and in the step S30, 70 to 90% of the first medicine B and 10 to 10 reaction rate accelerator by weight ratio 30% was mixed to prepare a powdered second B medicine, and in the step S40, by mixing 25 to 40% of the second B medicine and 60 to 75% of water in a weight ratio to prepare a sol state B drug solution, The binder added to the cement in step S20 is calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH) ₂ ), calcium oxide (CaO), calcium carbonate (CaCO ₃ ), calcium chloride (CaCl ₂ ), calcium sulfide (CaS), calcium nitrate (Ca(NO) ₃ ) Any one of ₂ ), and the reaction rate accelerator added to the first B drug in step S30 is calcium sulfate (CaSO ₄ ), calcium thiosulfate (CaS ₂ O ₃ ), magnesium sulfide (MgS), barium sulfide (BaS), potassium sulfide (K ₂ S), copper sulfate (Cu ₂ SO ₄ ), zinc sulfate (ZnSO ₄ ), and iron sulfate (FeSO ₄ ).

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According to the present invention, there is an effect of securing the safety of workers by using environmentally friendly raw materials without using strong acidic substances such as sulfuric acid as a reaction rate accelerator that determines the gel-time of the grout material.

In addition, since sulfuric acid is not used at all in the manufacture of the grout material, there is an effect of preventing the failure of the grout material injection device and preventing contamination of groundwater.

In addition, by greatly reducing the amount of water glass used in manufacturing the grout material, there is an effect of lowering the manufacturing cost of the grout material.

In particular, compared to the existing S.G.R. grouting method, only 50% of water glass is used, so price competitiveness can be secured.

In addition, the grout material can be safely and easily manufactured in the field, and the gel-time can be easily adjusted.

In addition, there is an effect of being able to construct water level grouting with existing grouting equipment, which is a low-pressure injection device.

In addition, there is an effect of preventing the elution phenomenon as much as possible and minimizing the phenomenon of shrinkage and reduction in compressive strength of the grout material injected after grouting construction.

In addition, by minimizing the desorption phenomenon and the volume reduction phenomenon of the injection material injected into the ground, it is possible to prevent the formation of gaps in the order wall.

This has the effect of eliminating the need for repair work after the water-level grouting construction.

In addition, by adding a binder to general cement to produce a grout material having a stronger compressive strength, there is an effect of improving the quality and stability of grouting construction.

1 is a flow chart showing a manufacturing process of a grout material according to the present invention;
2 to 5 are photographs showing the test process of the grout material according to the present invention,
2 is a photograph showing a state in which the grout material is put into the mold and stored in water;
3 is a photograph showing a state in which the mold is removed and stored in water at a constant temperature;
4 is a photograph showing a mold that has been manufactured;
Figure 5 is a photograph showing the process of measuring the compressive strength using a compressive strength meter.

Hereinafter, a preferred embodiment according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

First, the method for producing a grout material according to the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1, (a) mixing sodium silicate with water to prepare a silica sol liquid A (S10), (b) adding a binder to cement Mixing to prepare a powdered drug 1 B (S20), (c) mixing the reaction rate accelerator with the powdered 1st drug B prepared in step S20 to prepare a powdered 2nd drug B (S30), (d) preparing a sol state B drug solution by mixing water with the powdery second B drug prepared in step S30 (S40), (e) A drug solution prepared in step S10 and mixing the liquid B prepared in step S40.

That is, in the present invention, when preparing a chemical solution using sodium silicate, strong acidic substances such as sulfuric acid are not used at all, as in the prior art.

As a result, it is possible to prevent workers from being exposed to harmful substances, to prevent damage and failure of the grout material injection device, and to prevent contamination of groundwater.

In addition, in step S10, a silica sol-type liquid A is prepared by mixing 25 to 40% of sodium silicate and 60 to 75% of water by weight.

When the content of the sodium silicate is less than 25%, the compressive strength of the finished injection material is very low, and when it exceeds 40%, the compressive strength is increased, but the cost of the injection material increases.

Therefore, the mixing ratio of sodium silicate and water is preferably in the range of 25 to 40%: 60 to 75%.

And in step S20, by mixing 60 to 75% of cement and 25 to 40% of binder by weight ratio to prepare the first B medicine in powder form.

When the content of the cement is less than 60%, the ratio of the binder increases and the manufacturing cost increases, and when the content of cement exceeds 75%, the compressive strength of the finished injection material is greatly reduced, making it difficult to use it as a grout material.

Therefore, the mixing ratio of the cement and the binder is preferably 60 to 75%: 25 to 40%.

And in the step S30, by weight ratio of 70 to 90% of the first B medicine, 10 to 30% of the reaction rate accelerator is mixed to prepare a second B medicine in powder form.

When the content of the first B medicinal material is less than 70%, the consolidation process is too short, so the compressive strength is very low, and when the content of the first B medicinal material exceeds 90%, the gel-time is too slow and the solidification is difficult. do.

Therefore, the mixing ratio of the first B drug and the reaction rate promoter is preferably 70 to 90%: 10 to 30%.

And in step S40, 25 to 40% of the second B medicinal material and 60 to 75% of water are mixed in a weight ratio to prepare a sol state B drug solution.

When the content of the second B medicinal material is less than 25%, the compressive strength of the finished injection material is greatly reduced, and when it exceeds 40%, an excessive load is applied to the injection pump and competitiveness in terms of economy is lowered.

Therefore, the mixing ratio of the second medicine B and water is preferably 25 to 40%: 60 to 75%.

In addition, the binder added to the cement in step S20 is preferably calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH) ₂ ) (Calcium Hydroxide, slaked lime), but is not limited thereto.

As the binder, calcium oxide (CaO) (Calcium Oxide, quicklime), calcium carbonate (CaCO ₃ ) (Calcium Carbonate), calcium chloride (CaCl ₂ ) (Calcium Chloride), calcium sulfide (CaS) (Calcium Sulfide), and calcium nitrate (Ca(NO ₃ ) ₂ ) (Calcium Nitrate) may be used.

And the reaction rate accelerator added to the first B drug in step S30, calcium sulfate (CaSO ₄ ) (Calcium Sulfate) is preferably one, but is not limited thereto.

The reaction rate accelerator is calcium thiosulfate (CaS ₂ O ₃ ) (Calcium Thiosulfate), magnesium sulfide (MgS) (Magnesium Sulfide), barium sulfide (BaS) (Barium Sulfide), potassium sulfide (K ₂ S) (Potassium Sulfide) ), copper sulfate (Cu ₂ SO ₄ ) (Copper Sulfate), zinc sulfate (ZnSO ₄ ) (Zinc Sulfate), and iron sulfate (FeSO ₄ ) (Iron Sulfate) may be used.

In the present invention, chemical solution A in a silica sol state and a binder react to form calcium silicate, and the process of hydration bonding between the binder and calcium silicate is represented by the following [Formula 1].

In addition, the amount of sodium silicate (water glass) used in the present invention is compared to the conventional L.W. Public law and S.G.R. Compared with the construction method, it is shown in [Table 3] below.

Comparison of water glass consumption [when manufacturing 1㎥ (1,000ℓ)] division the present invention L.W. Method S.G.R method Usage (ℓ) 125 350 250 L.W. Reference rate (%) 35.71 100 71.42

That is, the amount of water glass used in the present invention can be produced by using only about 36% of the L.W (Labiles Wasserglass) method and about 50% of the S.G.R. (Space Grouting Rocket System) method.

As a result, since the amount of expensive water glass used can be reduced, manufacturing cost can be reduced and price competitiveness can be secured.

In addition, the order grouting construction method according to the present invention includes (f) injecting the chemical solution A in the form of silica sol prepared in step S10 into the injection pipe of the chemical solution A of the low-pressure type grouting injection device, (g) manufacturing in step S40 injecting the chemical solution B in a sol state into the injection pipe of the solution B of the low-pressure grouting injection device, (h) mixing the solution A and the solution B at the tip device where the injection pipe of the solution A and the injection pipe of the chemical solution B meet and (i) supplying the grout material in the silicate sol-gel state into the ground through an outlet of a cutting device.

Here, the injection ratio of the silica sol-state drug solution and the sol-state drug solution B is preferably 1:1 in terms of volume ratio.

In addition, the grout material injected into the ground is divided into a quick-filling material and a finishing material according to the amount of the reaction rate accelerator added during the manufacture of the powdered 1st B medicine, and solidification is achieved by injecting the finishing material first into the ground and then the quick-filling material. make it progress quickly.

In general, grout materials having a gel-time of about 20 seconds are referred to as quick-setting materials, and those having a gel-time of 30 seconds or more are referred to as finished materials.

In addition, it is preferable that the finished material and the quick-filling material are injected into the ground alternately once.

Hereinafter, the test results of the grout material manufactured according to the present invention will be described.

<Example 1>

Based on 200 ℓ of chemical solution A and 200 ℓ of chemical solution B, sodium silicate (3 types of water glass) and water were mixed in a weight ratio of 69.6: 150, and after thorough stirring, chemical solution A in a silica sol state was prepared.

In addition, Portland cement and slaked lime were completely mixed at a weight ratio of 64.2: 15.9 to prepare a powdered first B medicine.

Then, the powdery first B medicine and calcium sulfate were completely mixed at a weight ratio of 20.7: 10.3 to prepare a powdery second B medicine.

Then, the powdery second B drug and water were completely mixed at a weight ratio of 111: 168.3 to prepare a sol state B drug solution.

Subsequently, the grout material of Example 1 was prepared by mixing the silica sol-state chemical solution A and the sol-state chemical solution B at a weight ratio of 1:1.

<Comparative Example 1>

Based on 200 ℓ of chemical solution A and 200 ℓ of chemical solution B, sodium silicate (3 types of water glass) and water were mixed in a weight ratio of 69.6: 150 to prepare chemical solution A in a silica sol state after complete stirring.

And Portland cement and slaked lime were completely mixed at a weight ratio of 64.2: 15.9 to prepare powder type B medicine.

Then, the powdered medicine B and water were completely mixed at a weight ratio of 80.1: 168.3 to prepare a sol state B drug solution.

Subsequently, the grout material of Comparative Example 1 was prepared by mixing the silica sol-state chemical solution A and the sol-state chemical solution B at a weight ratio of 1:1.

<Comparative Example 2>

Based on 200 ℓ of chemical solution A and 200 ℓ of chemical solution B, sodium silicate (3 types of water glass) and water were mixed in a weight ratio of 69.6: 150 to prepare chemical solution A in a silica sol state after complete stirring.

And Portland cement and calcium sulfate were completely mixed at a weight ratio of 64.2: 30.9 to prepare powder type B medicine.

Then, the powdered medicine B and water were completely mixed at a weight ratio of 95.1: 168.3 to prepare a sol state B drug solution.

Subsequently, the grout material of Comparative Example 2 was prepared by mixing the silica sol-state chemical liquid A and the sol-state chemical liquid B in a weight ratio of 1:1.

<Comparative Example 3>

Based on 200 ℓ of chemical solution A and 200 ℓ of chemical solution B, sodium silicate (3 types of water glass) and water were mixed in a weight ratio of 69.6: 150 to prepare chemical solution A in a silica sol state after complete stirring.

In addition, Portland cement and water were completely mixed at a weight ratio of 64.2 : 168.3 to prepare a sol-type liquid B.

Subsequently, the grout material of Comparative Example 3 was prepared by mixing the silica sol-state chemical solution A and the sol-state chemical solution B at a weight ratio of 1:1.

The gel-type was measured for the grout materials of Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3 prepared as above, and [Table 4] below shows the results.

Gel-time measurement values of Examples of the present invention and Comparative Examples Test Items Example 1 Comparative Example 1 Comparative Example 2 Comparative Example 3 gel-time (sec) 15 87 20 92

As can be seen from [Table 4] above, the grout material according to the embodiment of the present invention showed a very short gel-time compared to the comparative example.

In addition, for the grout material prepared as above, the compressive strength was measured by the hydraulic cement mortar compressive strength test method of KS L 5105. [Table 5] below shows the results.

Compressive strength measurement values of Example 1 and Comparative Example of the present invention Test Items Example 1 Comparative Example 1 Comparative Example 2 Comparative Example 3 Compressive strength (kg/cm²) 39.2 20.5 9.1 5.2

As can be seen in the above [Table 5], the grout material according to the embodiment of the present invention showed much higher compressive strength than the comparative example.

According to the present invention, since sulfuric acid, which is a harmful and dangerous substance, is not used at all when preparing chemical solution A using sodium silicate, the safety of workers can be secured, damage and failure of the grout material injection device can be prevented, and contamination of groundwater can be prevented. It can be prevented.

In addition, compared to the conventional method, the amount of sodium silicate used can be greatly reduced, thereby reducing the manufacturing cost.

In addition, the grout material can be safely and easily manufactured in the field, and the gel-time can be easily controlled by adjusting the content of the binder.

In addition, it is possible to prevent the elution phenomenon of the grout material as much as possible and to minimize the shrinkage phenomenon of the grout material after grouting construction.

In addition, it is possible to improve grouting construction quality and safety by allowing the grout material to maintain a stronger compressive strength.

In the above, preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described by way of example, and the scope of the present invention is not limited to the above specific embodiments. Those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains will understand that various modifications and changes are possible without departing from the scope of the technical idea of the present invention.

Claims (10)

In the manufacturing method of the grout material used in the order grouting construction for forming the order wall in the ground,
(a) mixing sodium silicate with water to prepare a silica sol liquid A (S10);
(b) preparing a first B medicine in powder form by mixing a binder with cement (S20);
(c) mixing the reaction rate accelerator with the powdered first B medicine prepared in step S20 to prepare a second B medicine in powder form (S30);
(d) mixing water with the second B medicine in powder form prepared in step S30 to prepare a sol state B drug solution (S40);
(e) mixing the liquid medicine A prepared in step S10 and the liquid medicine B prepared in step S40;
In step S10, 25 to 40% of sodium silicate and 60 to 75% of water are mixed in a weight ratio to prepare a silica sol-type liquid A,
In step S20, 60 to 75% of cement and 25 to 40% of binder are mixed in a weight ratio to prepare a first B medicine in powder state,
In step S30, 70 to 90% of the first B medicine and 10 to 30% of the reaction rate accelerator are mixed to prepare a second B medicine in powder form,
In step S40, 25 to 40% of the second B medicinal material and 60 to 75% of water are mixed to prepare a sol state B drug solution,
The binder added to the cement in step S20 is calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH) ₂ ), calcium oxide (CaO), calcium carbonate (CaCO ₃ ), calcium chloride (CaCl ₂ ), calcium sulfide (CaS), calcium nitrate (Ca(NO ₃ ) any one of ₂ ),
The reaction rate promoter added to the first B drug in step S30 is calcium sulfate (CaSO ₄ ), calcium thiosulfate (CaS ₂ O ₃ ), magnesium sulfide (MgS), barium sulfide (BaS), potassium sulfide (K ₂ S), copper sulfate (Cu ₂ SO ₄ ), zinc sulfate (ZnSO ₄ ), and iron sulfate (FeSO ₄ ).
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