KR102556799B1 - Thermal management system - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention includes a compressor, a water-cooled condenser, a first expansion valve, an air-cooled condenser, a second expansion valve, an evaporator, and a first refrigerant bypass line connected in parallel to the air-cooled condenser and through which a refrigerant can selectively pass. a refrigerant circulation line that cools the room by circulating; a heating line for heating a room by circulating cooling water that exchanges heat with the refrigerant through the water-cooled condenser; and a cooling line cooling the battery and electric components by circulating air or cooling water that exchanges heat with the refrigerant. Including, cooling and heating of the vehicle, as well as efficient thermal management of electric parts and batteries in the vehicle, and sufficient endothermic heat source can be provided to the evaporator to improve dehumidification performance. It is about a thermal management system that can improve performance.

Description

Thermal management system {Thermal management system}

The present invention relates to a thermal management system, and more particularly, to a system for managing heat of electrical components and batteries in a vehicle as well as cooling and heating of a vehicle.

Recently, an electric vehicle has been in the spotlight as a solution to problems such as implementation of environmentally friendly technology and energy depletion in the field of automobiles.

Since electric vehicles drive using motors that are powered by power from batteries or fuel cells, carbon emissions are low and noise is low. In addition, electric vehicles are environmentally friendly because they use motors that are more energy efficient than conventional engines.

However, since a lot of heat is generated during the operation of a battery and a driving motor in an electric vehicle, thermal management is important. In addition, since it takes a long time to recharge the battery, efficient management of battery usage time is important. In particular, in an electric vehicle, since a refrigerant compressor driven for indoor air conditioning is also driven by electricity, it is more important to manage the use time of the battery. In addition, since a relatively large amount of heat is generated in the drive motor and inverter compared to other electrical components such as batteries and chargers, the drive motor must be cooled to an appropriate temperature. For this purpose, the cooling performance of the heat exchanger for cooling the drive motor needs to be increased there is

In addition, in the pump mode of the thermal management system, the refrigerant is configured to absorb heat through the air-cooled condenser, which may reduce dehumidification performance at the evaporator side. In addition, in the thermal management system, when the outside temperature is low, icing is generated in the air-cooled condenser, making heat exchange impossible and reducing the heating performance of the system.

KR 2014-0147365 A (2014.12.30)

The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to improve dehumidification performance by providing a sufficient endothermic heat source to the evaporator side, and to reduce unnecessary passages in the heat pump mode of the thermal management system. It is to provide a thermal management system capable of improving the performance of a heat pump by doing so.

The thermal management system of the present invention for achieving the above object is a compressor 210, a water-cooled condenser 220, a first expansion valve, an air-cooled condenser 230, a second expansion valve 240, an evaporator 242, and a refrigerant circulation line 200 connected in parallel with the air-cooled condenser 230 and including a first refrigerant bypass line 232 through which refrigerant may selectively pass, and circulating the refrigerant to cool the room; a heating line (301) for heating a room by circulating cooling water that exchanges heat with the refrigerant through the water-cooled condenser (220); and a cooling line 302 cooling the battery 350 and the electrical component 460 by circulating air or cooling water that exchanges heat with the refrigerant. can include

In addition, in the maximum heating mode or when frost occurs in the air-cooled condenser 230, the refrigerant does not flow through the air-cooled condenser 230 and the refrigerant flows through the first refrigerant bypass line 232.

In addition, the refrigerant circulation line 200 includes a first check valve 231 or an evaporator 242 installed between the rear side of the air-cooled condenser 230 and the rear end of the refrigerant bypass line 232 in the flow direction of the refrigerant. And a second check valve 259 installed between the compressor 210 may be further included.

In addition, in the refrigerant circulation line 200, a first expansion valve is disposed between the water-cooled condenser 220 and the air-cooled condenser 230, and the first expansion valve is formed of an electronic expansion valve 225, A fourth directional control valve 226 installed between the electronic expansion valve 225 and the air-cooled condenser 230 is further included, and the first refrigerant bypass line 232 is connected to the fourth directional control valve 226. can

In addition, in the refrigerant circulation line 200, a first expansion valve is disposed between the water-cooled condenser 220 and the air-cooled condenser 230, and the first expansion valve is a three-way switching valve and an electronic expansion valve integrally formed. It is formed of a direction changing integrated expansion valve 227, and a first refrigerant bypass line 232 may be connected to the direction changing integrated expansion valve 227.

In addition, the direction switching integral expansion valve 227 has an inlet 227a connected to the refrigerant line on the water-cooled condenser 220 side, a first outlet 227b connected to the refrigerant line on the air-cooled condenser 230 side, and the a housing 227-1 having a flow path in which the second outlet 227c connected to the refrigerant line on the side of the first refrigerant bypass line 232 is connected to each other; A pair of sealing members coupled to the inside of the housing 227-1 and disposed between the inlet 227a and the first outlet 227b and between the inlet 227a and the second outlet 227c. (227-2); and a bypass passage interposed between the pair of sealing members 227-2 so that its outer circumferential surface is in close contact with the sealing members 227-2 and connects the inlet 227a of the housing 227-1 to the outer circumferential surface. a valve body (227-3) formed with (227d); can include

In addition, the valve body 227-3 has a concave throttling passage 227e formed on an outer circumferential surface thereof, and the throttling passage 227e may be connected to the bypass passage 227d.

In addition, the throttling passage 227e is formed by a specific angular range in the circumferential direction of the valve body 227-3, and the refrigerant passes through the throttling passage 227e as it goes farther from the portion connected to the bypass passage 227d. It can be formed so that the cross-sectional area that can be made gradually becomes smaller.

In addition, the cooling line 302 may include a first connection line 302-1 branched from one side of the cooling line 302 and connected to the heating line 301; and a second connection line 302-2 branched from the other side of the cooling line 302 and connected to the heating line 301.

In addition, the first connection line 302-1, the second connection line 302-2, and the heating line 301 are connected to the first directional control valve 410, and the first directional control valve 410 As a result, the cooling line 302 and the heating line 301 may be connected to each other or disconnected.

Also, the electric component may be disposed on the second connection line.

In addition, the cooling line 302 includes a fourth connection line 302-4 connecting the first connection line 302-1 and the second connection line 302-2, and the fourth connection line ( 302-4) may further include a shut-off valve 360 disposed in parallel with the first directional control valve 410.

In addition, the cooling line 302 may further include a cooling water temperature sensor 461 installed in front of the electrical component 460 in a flow direction of the cooling water.

In addition, the refrigerant circulation line 200 has a third expansion valve 251 that throttles, bypasses, or blocks the flow of the refrigerant discharged from the water-cooled condenser 220 and the third expansion valve 251 A chiller 252 exchanging heat between the discharged refrigerant and the cooling water of the cooling line 302 may be further included.

In addition, the cooling line 302 includes a third connection line 302-3 connected in parallel with the battery 350 and passing through the chiller 252, and the third connection line 302-3 is connected to the cooling line 302 by the third directional control valve 330, and the cooling water may flow or be blocked in the third connection line 302-3 by the third directional control valve 330. there is.

In addition, the cooling line 302 may include an electrical radiator 310 for cooling the cooling water with air.

In addition, the heating line 301 includes a heater core 440 that heats the room by using air heated by exchanging heat between the cooling water heat-exchanging with the refrigerant through the water-cooled condenser 220 and the air introduced into the room, and the cooling water A cooling water heater 430 may be disposed in front of the heater core 440 in a flow direction to heat the cooling water.

Also, in the mild cooling mode, the third expansion valve 251 is blocked so that the refrigerant may not pass through the chiller 252 .

Also, in the battery-only cooling mode, the second expansion valve 240 is blocked so that the refrigerant may not pass through the evaporator 242 .

Also, in the battery temperature raising mode, the refrigerant circulation line 200 may not circulate the refrigerant.

Also, in the mild heating mode, the refrigerant circulation line 200 may not circulate the refrigerant.

In addition, in the dehumidifying heating mode, the refrigerant does not flow through the air-cooled condenser 230 and the refrigerant may flow through the first refrigerant bypass line 232 .

The thermal management system of the present invention has the advantage of being able to efficiently manage the heat of electrical components and batteries in the vehicle as well as cooling and heating of the vehicle.

In addition, the thermal management system of the present invention can provide a sufficient endothermic heat source to the evaporator side, thereby improving dehumidification performance, and in the heat pump mode of the thermal management system, the pressure at the inlet side of the refrigerant of the compressor increases, thereby improving the performance of the heat pump. There are advantages to being able to

1 is a block diagram showing an operating state of a thermal management system according to an embodiment of the present invention in a dehumidifying heating mode.
2 is a configuration diagram illustrating an operating state of a thermal management system according to another embodiment of the present invention in the maximum heating mode or when frost occurs in an air-cooled condenser.
3 to 6 are cross-sectional views showing the flow of refrigerant according to the operating state of the direction-changing integrated expansion valve according to the present invention.
7 is a block diagram showing an operating state of the thermal management system according to an embodiment of the present invention in the maximum cooling mode.
8 is a configuration diagram showing an operating state of the thermal management system according to an embodiment of the present invention in a mild cooling mode.
9 is a configuration diagram illustrating an operating state of the thermal management system according to an embodiment of the present invention in a battery-only cooling mode.
10 is a configuration diagram illustrating an operating state of the thermal management system according to an embodiment of the present invention in the maximum heating mode or when frost occurs in an air-cooled condenser.
11 is a configuration diagram illustrating an operating state of a thermal management system according to an embodiment of the present invention in a battery temperature raising mode.
12 is a configuration diagram showing an operating state of a thermal management system according to an embodiment of the present invention in a mild heating mode.
13 is a block diagram showing an operating state of a thermal management system according to an embodiment of the present invention in a dehumidifying heating mode.
14 is a configuration diagram illustrating a thermal management system according to another embodiment of the present invention.
15 and 16 are conceptual views illustrating the flow of cooling water in the cooling water circulation line according to the opening and closing of the shut-off valve in FIG. 14 .

Hereinafter, a thermal management system according to the present invention having the configuration described above will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 is a block diagram showing an operating state of a thermal management system according to an embodiment of the present invention in a dehumidifying heating mode.

As shown, the thermal management system of the present invention may be largely composed of a refrigerant circulation line 200 in which refrigerant circulates to cool the room and a coolant circulation line 300 in which cooling water circulates to heat the room and cool parts. . Also, the cooling water circulation line 300 may include a heating line 301 for indoor heating and a cooling line 302 for cooling the electric component 460 and the battery 350 .

The refrigerant circulation line 200 includes a compressor 210, a water-cooled condenser 220, a first expansion valve, an air-cooled condenser 230, a first check valve 231, a first refrigerant bypass line 232, and a refrigerant branch. 241, a second expansion valve 240, an evaporator 242, a second check valve 259, an accumulator 260, a third expansion valve 251, and a chiller 252.

The compressor 210 may be an electric compressor driven by receiving power, and serves to suck in and compress the refrigerant and discharge it toward the water-cooled condenser 220 .

The water-cooled condenser 220 serves to condense the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 210 into a liquid refrigerant by exchanging heat with cooling water and send it toward the first expansion valve.

The first expansion valve may serve to throttle or bypass the refrigerant or block the flow of the refrigerant, and may be disposed behind the water-cooled condenser 220 in the flow direction of the refrigerant. Here, the first expansion valve may be formed of, for example, an electronic expansion valve 225, and a fourth direction switching valve 226 may be installed between the electronic expansion valve 225 and the air-cooled condenser 230.

The air-cooled condenser 230 serves as a condenser or an evaporator, and the function of the air-cooled condenser 230 may vary according to the role of the first expansion valve. That is, when the refrigerant circulation line 200 is used as an air conditioner loop, the first expansion valve bypasses the refrigerant, and the air-cooled condenser 230 serves as a condenser together with the water-cooled condenser 220, and the refrigerant circulation line 200 When used as a heat pump loop, the first expansion valve throttles the refrigerant and the air-cooled condenser 230 serves as an evaporator. Also, the air-cooled condenser 230 may be air-cooled by external air.

The first check valve 231 serves to prevent the refrigerant from flowing backward, and is installed at the rear of the air-cooled condenser 230 in the flow direction of the refrigerant to prevent the refrigerant from flowing into the discharge side of the air-cooled condenser 230.

The first refrigerant bypass line 232 is connected in parallel with the air-cooled condenser 230, and one end of the first refrigerant bypass line 232 is connected to the fourth directional control valve 226 and the other end is connected to the refrigerant flow direction. It may be connected to the rear of the first check valve 231 so that the refrigerant discharged from the water-cooled condenser 220 can selectively pass through the air-cooled condenser 230 or the first refrigerant bypass line 232. Here, the refrigerant flows only toward the air-cooled condenser 230 by the operation of the fourth directional control valve 226, and the refrigerant may not flow through the first refrigerant bypass line 232. At this time, the air-cooled condenser 230 The refrigerant flowing toward ) may be throttled or bypassed by the electronic expansion valve 225 as the first expansion valve. Alternatively, the refrigerant may flow only through the first refrigerant bypass line 232 without flowing toward the air-cooled condenser 230 by the operation of the fourth directional control valve 226. In this case, the first refrigerant bypasses The refrigerant flowing toward the pass line 232 may be throttled or bypassed by the electronic expansion valve 225 as the first expansion valve.

The refrigerant branch 241 may be formed on the rear side of the point where the rear side of the air-cooled condenser 230 and the first refrigerant bypass line 232 meet in the flow direction of the refrigerant. Divided into two lines, one line may be connected to the evaporator 242 and the other line may be connected to the chiller 252 .

The second expansion valve 240 and the third expansion valve 251 may serve to throttle or bypass the refrigerant or block the flow of the refrigerant. Also, the second expansion valve 240 and the third expansion valve 251 may be configured in parallel. That is, the refrigerant lines are branched into two lines in the cold exhaust branch 241, the second expansion valve 240 is disposed in one refrigerant line of the two branched refrigerant lines, and the third expansion valve 240 is disposed in the other refrigerant line. A valve 251 may be disposed. In this case, the second expansion valve 240 may be disposed in front of the evaporator 242 and the third expansion valve 251 may be disposed in front of the chiller 252 .

The evaporator 242 is disposed behind the second expansion valve 240 in the flow direction of the refrigerant, and is provided inside the air conditioner 150 of the vehicle so that air flowing by the blower 152 of the air conditioner 242 ), it is cooled and supplied to the interior of the vehicle, where it can be used for cooling the interior of the vehicle.

The chiller 252 is disposed behind the third expansion valve 251 in the flow direction of the refrigerant, and heat exchanges with the cooling water so that the cooling water can be cooled or heated. Thus, the second expansion valve 240 and the evaporator 242 form one set, and the third expansion valve 251 and the chiller 252 form another set, and the two sets are configured in parallel on the refrigerant line. In addition, the refrigerant lines may join the rear side of the evaporator 242 and the chiller 252 in the refrigerant flow direction to form one refrigerant line.

The first check valve 231 serves to prevent the refrigerant from flowing backward, and is installed in the rear of the evaporator 242 and in front of the accumulator 260 in the flow direction of the refrigerant, so that the refrigerant flows into the discharge side of the evaporator 242. can make it not happen.

The accumulator 260 may serve to temporarily store the pressure of the refrigerant on the refrigerant line. Also, the accumulator 260 may separate liquid refrigerant and gaseous refrigerant from among the refrigerants and supply only the gaseous refrigerant to the compressor 210 . Here, an accumulator 260 is disposed and connected to the point where the rear side of the evaporator 242 and the rear side of the refrigerant line of the chiller 252 join, and the accumulator 260 is in front of the compressor 210 in the direction of refrigerant flow. can be placed.

The heating line 301 may include a water-cooled condenser 220, a first cooling water pump 450, a cooling water heater 430, a heater core 440, and a first direction switching valve 410.

As described above, the water-cooled condenser 220 may exchange heat with each other while passing the refrigerant and cooling water.

The first cooling water pump 450 is a means for pumping the cooling water so that the cooling water circulates along the heating line 301. The first cooling water pump 450 is disposed behind the water-cooled condenser 220 in the flow direction of the cooling water and Can be installed on line.

The cooling water heater 430 is a device for heating the cooling water, and may be disposed behind the first cooling water pump 450 and in front of the heater core 440 in a flow direction of the cooling water. In addition, the cooling water heater 430 can be operated when the temperature of the cooling water is below a specific temperature, and can be formed in various ways such as an induction heater, a seed heater, a CCTV heater, and a film heater capable of generating heat using electric power.

The heater core 440 may be disposed in the air conditioner 150 of the vehicle, and the air flowing by the blower 152 is heated up through the heater core 440 and supplied to the interior of the vehicle to be used for heating the interior of the vehicle. It can be. In addition, the heater core 1440 may be disposed and connected to the rear of the cooling water heater 430 in a flow direction of the cooling water.

The first directional switching valve 410 may be installed between the heater core 440 and the water-cooled condenser 220, and selectively connects or disconnects the heating line 301 and the cooling line 302 to be described later. Can be configured to block. In more detail, the first directional control valve 410 is installed on the heating line 301, two cooling water line pipes are connected to the first directional control valve 410, and one branched from one side of the cooling line 302 Two first connection lines 302-1 are connected to the first directional control valve 410, and one second connection line 302-2 branched from the other side of the cooling line 302 is connected to the first directional control valve. (410). That is, in the first directional control valve 410, the four coolant lines are connected to meet, and the first directional control valve 410 is a four-way switch that can control the state in which the four coolant lines are connected or blocked. can be a valve

The cooling line 302 includes an electrical radiator 310, a reservoir tank 370, a second directional control valve 320, a second coolant pump 420, a first directional control valve 410, and an electric component 460. , a first cooling water joint 313, a second cooling water joint 312, a third cooling water pump 340, a battery 350, a chiller 252, and a third direction switching valve 330.

The electrical radiator 310 is a radiator that cools the cooling water heat-exchanged with the electrical component 460 or the battery 350, and the electrical radiator 310 may be cooled by the cooling fan 311 in an air-cooled manner.

The reservoir tank 370 may serve to store coolant and replenish coolant that is insufficient on the coolant line, and the reservoir tank 370 may be installed on the coolant line at the rear of the electric radiator 310 in the flow direction of the coolant. can

The second directional control valve 320 is installed on the cooling line 302 so that two cooling water pipes are connected to the second directional control valve 320, and the heating line 301 and the cooling line 302 are connected. The first directional control valve 410 and the second directional control valve 320 may be connected through a first connection line 302-1. That is, the second direction switching valve 320 is connected so that the three cooling water lines meet, and the second direction switching valve 320 is a three-way direction switching that can adjust the state in which the three cooling water lines are connected or blocked. can be a valve

The second cooling water pump 420 is a means for pumping the cooling water so that the cooling water circulates along the cooling line 302 . And the second coolant pump 420 is installed on the first connection line 302-1 between the first directional control valve 410 and the second directional control valve 320, and the second coolant pump 420 Cooling water may flow from the second directional control valve 320 toward the first directional control valve 410 by the operation.

The first directional control valve 410 is as described in the above heating line 301.

The electrical component 460 is disposed on the second connection line 302-2 connecting the first directional control valve 410 and the second cooling water joint 312, so that the electrical component 460 is cooled by the cooling water. can Also, the electric component 460 may be a driving motor, an inverter, a charger (OBC; On Board Charger), and the like.

The third cooling water pump 340 is a means for pumping the cooling water so that the cooling water is circulated along the cooling line 302 . Also, the third coolant pump 420 is installed in the coolant line between the first coolant joint 313 and the battery 350, so that coolant may flow from the third coolant pump 420 toward the battery 350.

The battery 350 is a power source of the vehicle and may be a driving source of various electrical components 460 in the vehicle. Alternatively, the battery 350 may serve to store electricity by being connected to a fuel cell or store electricity supplied from the outside. Also, the battery 350 may be disposed on the cooling water line between the third cooling water pump 420 and the third directional control valve 330 . Thus, the battery 350 may be cooled or heated by exchanging heat with the flowing cooling water.

The first coolant joint 313 is installed in the coolant line at the rear of the second directional control valve 320 in the flow direction of the coolant, and the first coolant joint 313 is connected so that three coolant lines meet. That is, the first coolant joint 313 is installed so that both sides are connected to the cooling line 302, and the third connection line 302-3 may be connected to the lower side. Here, the third connection line 302-3 may be connected to pass through the chiller 252.

The second coolant joint 312 may be installed at a point where the rear end of the second connection line 302-2 meets the cooling line 302, and is connected so that three coolant lines meet at the second coolant joint 312. do. That is, the second coolant joint 312 is installed so that both sides are connected on the cooling line 302, and the second connection line 302-2 may be connected to the upper side.

The chiller 252 is the same as the heating line 301 described above.

The third directional switching valve 330 is installed on the cooling water line between the battery 350 and the second cooling water joint 312, two cooling water pipes are connected to the third directional switching valve 330, and the third direction The third connection line 302-3 is connected to the upper side of the switching valve 330 so that the battery 350 and the third connection line 302-3 are connected in parallel. At this time, the second directional switching valve 320 may be a three-way directional switching valve capable of adjusting the state in which the three cooling water lines are connected or blocked.

In addition, a blower 152 is installed on one side of the air conditioner 150 to blow air, and a temperature control door 151 may be installed inside the air conditioner 150. In addition, the evaporator 242 and the heater core 440 disposed in the air conditioner allow the air discharged from the blower 152 to flow into the room after passing through the evaporator 242 according to the operation of the temperature control door 151, or After passing through the evaporator 242 , it may be arranged and configured to pass through the heater core 440 and be introduced into the room.

Thus, the thermal management system of the present invention can selectively use a heat absorption source when the outdoor temperature is relatively low, and thus can provide a sufficient heat absorption source to the evaporator side, thereby improving dehumidification performance. In addition, as the refrigerant is prevented from flowing into the discharge side of the air-cooled condenser and the discharge side of the evaporator by the first check valve and the second check valve, the pressure on the refrigerant inlet side of the compressor can be further increased, resulting in an effect of improving the performance of the heat pump. can be increased

2 is a configuration diagram illustrating an operating state of a thermal management system according to another embodiment of the present invention in the maximum heating mode or when frost occurs in an air-cooled condenser.

Referring to FIG. 2, the first expansion valve of the refrigerant circulation line 200 is formed of a direction switching integrated expansion valve 227 in which a three-way switching valve and an electronic expansion valve are integrally formed, and the direction switching integrated expansion valve 227 The first refrigerant bypass line 232 may be connected to. That is, the number of parts is reduced by the direction-changing integrated expansion valve 227, and accordingly, the number of connecting pipes and flanges is reduced, and control is easy because only one part needs to be controlled. In addition, detailed information on the operation state when frost occurs in the maximum heating mode or the air-cooled condenser will be described below.

3 to 6 are cross-sectional views showing the flow of refrigerant according to the operating state of the direction-changing integrated expansion valve according to the present invention.

As shown, the direction-changing integral expansion valve 227 may be largely composed of a housing 227-1, a pair of sealing members 227-2, and a valve body 227-3.

The housing 227-1 has a flow path penetrating the inside, and for example, the flow path may be formed in a “T” shape to form three ports. Here, one of the three ports formed in the housing 227-1 becomes an inlet 227a connected to the refrigerant line on the side of the water-cooled condenser 220, and the other port connects to the refrigerant line on the side of the air-cooled condenser 230. An outlet 227b, and the other one may be a second outlet 227c connected to the refrigerant line on the first refrigerant bypass line 232 side.

The sealing member 227-2 is coupled and fixed to the inside of the housing 227-1, and the sealing member 227-2 is composed of a pair so that one sealing member 227-2 is connected to the inlet 227a. It is disposed between the first outlet 227b and another sealing member 227-2 is disposed between the inlet 227a and the second outlet 227c.

The valve body 227-3 is formed, for example, in a spherical shape, and the cross-sectional shape may be formed in a substantially circular shape, and a hole is formed concavely from the outer circumferential surface to a central portion in a radial direction, and a hole is concave from the central portion along the central axis. By extending, the valve body 227-3 may have a bypass passage 227d connecting one side in the direction of the central axis and the outer circumferential surface. And the valve body 227-3 is provided inside the housing 3227-1 and is interposed between a pair of sealing members 227-2 so that its outer circumferential surface can come into close contact with the sealing members 227-2. . Here, the valve body 227-3 may be formed to be rotatable about a central axis, and one side of the bypass passage 227d of the valve body 227-3 is connected to the inlet 227a of the housing 227-1. It remains connected at all times, and the other side of the bypass flow path 227d is connected to the first outlet 227b or the second outlet 227c according to the rotated position of the valve body 227-3, or the inlet 227a is It may be blocked from being connected to both the first outlet 227b and the second outlet 227c.

Thus, the flow direction of the refrigerant can be adjusted and controlled with only one direction-changing integrated expansion valve 227, and the refrigerant can be throttled and passed by adjusting the rotated position of the valve body.

In addition, the valve body 227-3 has a concave, groove-shaped throttling passage 227e formed on its outer circumferential surface, so that the throttling passage 227e may be connected to the bypass passage 227d. Thus, even if the position of the bypass flow path 227d is not rotated in the direction of directly facing the first outlet 227b or the second outlet 227c as shown, the refrigerant is throttled to pass through the first outlet 227b or the second outlet 227b. It can be connected to direct it towards the outlet 227c. In addition, since a passage through which the refrigerant is throttled and a passage through which the refrigerant is bypassed can be used separately, the flow of the refrigerant can be easily controlled. At this time, the throttling passage 227e is formed by a specific angular range in the circumferential direction of the valve body 227-3, and the refrigerant can pass through the throttling passage 227e as it goes farther from the portion connected to the bypass passage 227d. Since the cross-sectional area of the valve body 227-3 is formed to gradually decrease, the degree of throttling of the refrigerant can be easily adjusted according to the rotational angle of the valve body 227-3.

And, referring to FIG. 3, in the air conditioner mode, the direction-changing integrated expansion valve 227 is arranged so that the opened refrigerant flow path of the valve body 227-3 faces the first outlet 227b, so that the refrigerant is direction-changing integrated. It can flow toward the air-cooled condenser 230 by bypassing the expansion valve 227 . At this time, since the second outlet 227c is blocked, the refrigerant may not flow through the first refrigerant bypass line 232 . Referring to FIG. 4, in the heat pump mode, the direction switching integrated expansion valve 227 is disposed between a pair of sealing members 227-2 so that the open refrigerant flow path of the valve body 227-3 faces upward. , At this time, the inlet 227a and the first outlet 227b are connected through the throttling passage 227e of the valve body 227-3, and the refrigerant is throttled while passing through the direction switching integrated expansion valve 227 to form an air-cooled condenser ( 230) can flow. At this time, since the second outlet 227c is blocked, the refrigerant may not flow through the first refrigerant bypass line 232 . Referring to FIG. 5, in the dehumidification heating or maximum heating mode, the direction switching integral expansion valve 227 is disposed so that the open refrigerant flow path of the valve body 227-3 faces the second outlet 227c, so that the refrigerant The refrigerant may flow toward the first refrigerant bypass line 232 by bypassing the expansion valve 227 integrated with the direction switching valve. At this time, since the first outlet 227b is blocked, the refrigerant may not flow into the air-cooled condenser 230 . Referring to FIG. 6, when the refrigerant circulation line 200 is not operated, that is, when the direction switching integrated expansion valve 227 is not used, the direction switching integrated expansion valve 227 is opened by the valve body 227-3. The refrigerant flow path is disposed between the pair of sealing members 227-2 so as to face downward, and at this time, the inlet 227a and the second outlet 227c pass through the throttle flow path 227e of the valve body 227-3. Connected, the refrigerant may be throttled while passing through the direction-changing integrated expansion valve 227 and flow into the first refrigerant bypass line 232 . At this time, since the first outlet 227b is blocked, the refrigerant may not flow into the air-cooled condenser 230 .

Hereinafter, operations according to operating modes of the thermal management system according to an embodiment of the present invention described above will be described. In addition, the first expansion valve will be described as an example in which it is formed as a direction-changing integrated expansion valve.

1. In maximum cooling mode

7 is a block diagram showing an operating state of the thermal management system according to an embodiment of the present invention in the maximum cooling mode.

Referring to FIG. 7 , in the refrigerant circulation line 200 , the compressor 210 operates and high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant is discharged from the compressor 210 . The refrigerant discharged from the compressor 210 is cooled by exchanging heat with cooling water in the water-cooled condenser 220 . Subsequently, the refrigerant cooled in the water-cooled condenser 220 bypasses the direction switching integrated expansion valve 227, which is the first expansion valve, and flows into the air-cooled condenser 230, and the refrigerant exchanges heat with external air in the air-cooled condenser 230 It cools down. That is, both the water-cooled condenser 220 and the air-cooled condenser 230 serve as condensers to condense the refrigerant. The condensed refrigerant is then branched from the refrigerant branch 241, and part of the refrigerant is throttled while passing through the second expansion valve 240 to expand the refrigerant. The refrigerant is evaporated by heat exchange with the air blown by the blower 152 of 150, and the air is cooled, and the cooled air is supplied to the interior of the vehicle to cool the interior. The refrigerant evaporated in the evaporator 242 is introduced into the compressor 210 again through the accumulator 260 . In addition, the rest of the refrigerant diverged from the refrigerant branch 241 is throttled while passing through the third expansion valve 240, and the refrigerant is expanded. Then, the expanded refrigerant passes through the chiller 252 and exchanges heat with the cooling water to form a refrigerant. As it evaporates, the cooling water may be cooled. Then, the refrigerant evaporated in the chiller 252 flows into the compressor 210 again through the accumulator 260 . At this time, the refrigerant may not flow through the first refrigerant bypass line 232 by the direction-changing integrated expansion valve 227 that is the first expansion valve. As such, the refrigerant passing through the evaporator 242 and the refrigerant passing through the chiller 252 are joined at the accumulator 260 and introduced into the compressor 210, and then the refrigerant is circulated while repeating the above process.

Meanwhile, the cooling water in the cooling water circulation line 200 is circulated by the operation of the first cooling water pump 450 , the second cooling water pump 420 and the third cooling water pump 340 . In addition, the refrigerant passing through the water-cooled condenser 220, the electric component 460, and the battery 350 may be cooled by the cooling water, and the heated cooling water is cooled by the operation of the cooling fan 311 in the electric radiator 310. It can be cooled by exchanging heat with the outside air. At this time, the first directional control valve 410 and the second directional control valve 320 may be adjusted in a direction connecting the heating line 301 and the cooling line 302 . More specifically, the upper and left sides of the first directional control valve 410 are connected to each other to allow cooling water to flow, and the lower and right sides to be connected to each other to allow cooling water to flow. In addition, the left and lower sides of the second directional control valve 320 may be connected to each other so that cooling water flows and the right side may be disconnected. In addition, the upper and right sides of the third directional control valve 330 may be connected to each other and the left side may be blocked.

Thus, the cooling water is supplied from the electrical radiator 310 to the reservoir tank 370, the second directional control valve 320, the second cooling water pump 420, the first directional control valve 410, the water-cooled condenser 220, the first The cooling water pump 450, the cooling water heater 430, the heater core 440, the first directional control valve 410, the electrical component 460, and the second cooling water joint 312 are sequentially passed through, and then the electric radiator 310 is again passed through. ) and the circulation cycle is repeated. Here, the cooling water does not flow from the second directional control valve 320 to the first cooling water joint 313 by the second directional control valve 320, and the third directional control valve 330 controls the flow of the third directional control valve. Cooling water may not flow from 330 to the second cooling water joint 312 . In addition, the coolant flows from the chiller 252 through the first coolant joint 313, the third coolant pump 340, the battery 350, and the third directional control valve 330 in order, and flows into the chiller 252 again. The cyclical cycle repeats itself. That is, by the second directional control valve 320 and the third directional control valve 330, a cooling line is formed between the battery 350 and the chiller 252 as a separate closed loop in which cooling water circulates, so that the battery 350 It can be cooled separately.

Here, the maximum cooling mode may be operated when the temperature of the outside air is in the range of 30 degrees Celsius to 45 degrees Celsius, and at this time, the compressor 210 may be rotated at the maximum rotational speed. Also, when cooling of the battery 350 is unnecessary, the third expansion valve 251 may be blocked so that the refrigerant does not flow toward the chiller 252, and at this time, the third cooling water pump 340 may not operate.

2. In mild cooling mode

8 is a configuration diagram showing an operating state of the thermal management system according to an embodiment of the present invention in a mild cooling mode.

Referring to FIG. 8 , in the refrigerant circulation line 200 , the compressor 210 operates and high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant is discharged from the compressor 210 . The refrigerant discharged from the compressor 210 is cooled by exchanging heat with cooling water in the water-cooled condenser 220 . Subsequently, the refrigerant cooled in the water-cooled condenser 220 bypasses the direction switching integral expansion valve 227 and flows into the air-cooled condenser 230, and the refrigerant is cooled by exchanging heat with external air in the air-cooled condenser 230. That is, both the water-cooled condenser 220 and the air-cooled condenser 230 serve as condensers to condense the refrigerant. The condensed refrigerant then passes through the refrigerant branch 241, passes through the refrigerant heat exchanger 233, and then passes through the second expansion valve 240 and is throttled to expand the refrigerant. Then, the expanded refrigerant passes through the evaporator 242. As the refrigerant is evaporated through heat exchange with the air blown by the blower 152 of the air conditioner 150 while passing through, the air is cooled, and the cooled air is supplied to the interior of the vehicle to cool the interior. The refrigerant evaporated in the evaporator 242 is introduced into the compressor 210 again through the accumulator 260 . At this time, the refrigerant may not flow through the first refrigerant bypass line 232 by the direction-changing integrated expansion valve 227, and the third expansion valve 251 may be blocked so that the refrigerant may not flow to the chiller 252. . Thus, the refrigerant passing through the evaporator 242 is introduced into the compressor 210 through the accumulator 260, and then the refrigerant is circulated while repeating the above process.

Meanwhile, the cooling water in the cooling water circulation line 200 is circulated by the operation of the first cooling water pump 450 , the second cooling water pump 420 and the third cooling water pump 340 . In addition, the refrigerant passing through the water-cooled condenser 220, the electric component 460, and the battery 350 may be cooled by the cooling water, and the heated cooling water is cooled by the operation of the cooling fan 311 in the electric radiator 310. It can be cooled by exchanging heat with the outside air. At this time, the first directional control valve 410 and the second directional control valve 320 may be adjusted in a direction connecting the heating line 301 and the cooling line 302 . More specifically, the upper and left sides of the first directional control valve 410 are connected to each other to allow cooling water to flow, and the lower and right sides to be connected to each other to allow cooling water to flow. In addition, the second direction switching valve 320 is connected to the left, lower and right sides of the three directions so that the cooling water can be circulated. In addition, the left and right sides of the third directional control valve 330 may be connected to each other and the upper side may be blocked.

Thus, the cooling water is supplied from the electrical radiator 310 to the reservoir tank 370, the second directional control valve 320, the second cooling water pump 420, the first directional control valve 410, the water-cooled condenser 220, the first The cooling water pump 450, the cooling water heater 430, the heater core 440, the first directional control valve 410, the electrical component 460, and the second cooling water joint 312 are sequentially passed through, and then the electric radiator 310 is again passed through. ) and the circulation cycle is repeated. Here, some of the coolant flows to the right by the second directional control valve 320, and the first coolant joint 313, the third coolant pump 340, the battery 350, the third directional control valve 330, The cycle of flowing into the electrical radiator 310 through the second coolant joint 312 in turn and being circulated is repeated. At this time, the coolant that has passed through the electric component 460 and the coolant that has passed through the battery 350 may be joined at the second coolant joint 312 and introduced into the electric radiator 310 .

Here, the mild cooling mode can be operated when the temperature of the outside air is in the range of 15 to 25 degrees Celsius. There is an advantage in that the power consumed in driving the compressor can be reduced.

3. In battery-only cooling mode

9 is a configuration diagram illustrating an operating state of the thermal management system according to an embodiment of the present invention in a battery-only cooling mode.

Referring to FIG. 9 , in the refrigerant circulation line 200 , the compressor 210 operates and high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant is discharged from the compressor 210 . The refrigerant discharged from the compressor 210 is cooled by exchanging heat with cooling water in the water-cooled condenser 220 . Subsequently, the refrigerant cooled in the water-cooled condenser 220 bypasses the direction switching integral expansion valve 227 and flows into the air-cooled condenser 230, and the refrigerant is cooled by exchanging heat with external air in the air-cooled condenser 230. That is, both the water-cooled condenser 220 and the air-cooled condenser 230 serve as condensers to condense the refrigerant. The condensed refrigerant then passes through the refrigerant branch 241 and passes through the third expansion valve 251 to be throttled and the refrigerant is expanded. After that, the expanded refrigerant passes through the chiller 252 to exchange heat with the cooling water and evaporates the refrigerant. Cooling water is cooled, and the battery 350 is cooled using the cooled cooling water. Then, the refrigerant evaporated through the chiller 252 flows into the compressor 210 again through the accumulator 260 . At this time, the refrigerant may not flow through the first refrigerant bypass line 232 by the direction-changing integral expansion valve 227, and the second expansion valve 240 may be blocked so that the refrigerant may not flow to the evaporator 242. . Thus, the refrigerant is circulated while repeating the process as described above.

Meanwhile, the cooling water in the cooling water circulation line 200 is circulated by the operation of the first cooling water pump 450 , the second cooling water pump 420 and the third cooling water pump 340 . In addition, the refrigerant passing through the water-cooled condenser 220, the electric component 460, and the battery 350 may be cooled by the cooling water, and the heated cooling water is cooled by the operation of the cooling fan 311 in the electric radiator 310. It can be cooled by exchanging heat with the outside air. At this time, the first directional control valve 410 and the second directional control valve 320 may be adjusted in a direction connecting the heating line 301 and the cooling line 302 . More specifically, the upper and left sides of the first directional control valve 410 are connected to each other to allow cooling water to flow, and the lower and right sides to be connected to each other to allow cooling water to flow. In addition, the left and lower sides of the second directional control valve 320 may be connected to each other so that cooling water flows and the right side may be disconnected. In addition, the upper and right sides of the third directional control valve 330 may be connected to each other and the left side may be blocked.

Thus, the cooling water is supplied from the electrical radiator 310 to the reservoir tank 370, the second directional control valve 320, the second cooling water pump 420, the first directional control valve 410, the water-cooled condenser 220, the first The cooling water pump 450, the cooling water heater 430, the heater core 440, the first directional control valve 410, the electrical component 460, and the second cooling water joint 312 are sequentially passed through, and then the electric radiator 310 is again passed through. ) and the circulation cycle is repeated. Here, the cooling water does not flow from the second directional control valve 320 to the first cooling water joint 313 by the second directional control valve 320, and the third directional control valve 330 controls the flow of the third directional control valve. Cooling water may not flow from 330 to the second cooling water joint 312 . In addition, the coolant flows from the chiller 252 through the first coolant joint 313, the third coolant pump 340, the battery 350, and the third directional control valve 330 in order, and flows into the chiller 252 again. The cyclical cycle repeats itself. That is, by the second directional control valve 320 and the third directional control valve 330, a cooling line is formed between the battery 350 and the chiller 252 as a separate closed loop through which cooling water circulates, so that the battery 350 It can be cooled separately.

Here, the battery-only cooling mode may be operated when rapid charging of the battery is required without cooling the room. At this time, the compressor 210 may be rotated at the maximum number of revolutions.

4. In case of maximum heating mode or frost on air-cooled condenser

10 is a configuration diagram illustrating an operating state of the thermal management system according to an embodiment of the present invention in the maximum heating mode or when frost occurs in an air-cooled condenser.

Referring to FIG. 10 , in the refrigerant circulation line 200 , the compressor 210 operates and high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant is discharged from the compressor 210 . The refrigerant discharged from the compressor 210 is cooled by exchanging heat with cooling water in the water-cooled condenser 220 . Subsequently, the refrigerant cooled in the water-cooled condenser 220 is throttled while passing through the direction-changing integral expansion valve 227, which is the first expansion valve, and the refrigerant is expanded, and the expanded refrigerant passes through the first refrigerant bypass line 232. . At this time, the refrigerant may not pass through the air-cooled condenser 230 by the direction-changing integrated expansion valve 227 . Thereafter, the refrigerant passes through the refrigerant branch 241, bypasses the third expansion valve 251, and flows into the chiller 252. In the chiller 252, the refrigerant and the coolant are heat-exchanged to heat the coolant. Then, the refrigerant passing through the chiller 252 is introduced into the compressor 210 again through the accumulator 260 . At this time, the second expansion valve 240 may be blocked so that the refrigerant does not flow to the evaporator 242 . Thus, the refrigerant is circulated while repeating the process as described above.

Meanwhile, the cooling water in the cooling water circulation line 200 is circulated by the operation of the first cooling water pump 450 and the second cooling water pump 420 . In addition, the cooling water is heated while passing through the water-cooled condenser 220, heated by the cooling water heater 430, heated by waste heat from the electric component 460, and heated while passing through the chiller 252. At this time, the first directional control valve 410 and the second directional control valve 320 may be adjusted in a direction connecting the heating line 301 and the cooling line 302 . More specifically, the upper and left sides of the first directional control valve 410 are connected to each other to allow cooling water to flow, and the lower and right sides to be connected to each other to allow cooling water to flow. In addition, the right and lower sides of the second directional control valve 320 may be connected to each other so that cooling water flows and the left side may be disconnected. In addition, the upper and left sides of the third directional control valve 330 may be connected to each other and the right side may be blocked.

Thus, the cooling water flows from the second cooling water pump 420 to the first direction switching valve 410, the water-cooled condenser 220, the first cooling water pump 450, the cooling water heater 430, the heater core 440, and the first direction switching. The valve 410, the electrical component 460, the second coolant joint 312, the third directional control valve 330, the chiller 252, the first coolant joint 313, and the second directional control valve 320 The cycle of being introduced into the second coolant pump 420 and circulated in turn is repeated. Here, the coolant may not flow from the second directional control valve 320 to the second coolant joint 312 via the electric radiator 310 by the second directional control valve 320, and the third directional control valve Cooling water may not flow from the third directional control valve 330 through the battery 350 and the third cooling water pump 340 to the first cooling water joint 313 by the 330 . In addition, the cooling water passes through the heater core 440 and exchanges heat with the air blown by the blower 152 of the air conditioner 150 to heat the air, and the heated air is supplied to the interior of the vehicle to heat the interior.

Here, the maximum heating mode may be operated when the temperature of the outside air is in the range of -20 degrees Celsius to -5 degrees Celsius, and the third direction switching valve 330 and the third cooling water pump 340 are controlled to heat the room. Waste heat of the battery 350 may be selectively utilized.

Therefore, when the outdoor temperature is as low as -20 degrees Celsius, the maximum heating mode of the thermal management system or when frost occurs in the air-cooled condenser, the unnecessary flow path can be reduced to increase the pressure on the inlet side of the refrigerant of the compressor, thereby improving the performance of the heat pump. there is.

5. In battery temperature rising mode

11 is a configuration diagram illustrating an operating state of a thermal management system according to an embodiment of the present invention in a battery temperature raising mode.

Referring to FIG. 11 , the refrigerant circulation line 200 does not operate and the refrigerant does not circulate.

Meanwhile, the cooling water in the cooling water circulation line 200 is circulated by the operation of the first cooling water pump 450 , the second cooling water pump 420 and the third cooling water pump 340 . In addition, the cooling water may be heated by waste heat from the cooling water heater 430 and the electrical component 460 . At this time, the first directional control valve 410 and the second directional control valve 320 may be adjusted in a direction connecting the heating line 301 and the cooling line 302 . More specifically, the upper and left sides of the first directional control valve 410 are connected to each other to allow cooling water to flow, and the lower and right sides to be connected to each other to allow cooling water to flow. In addition, the right and lower sides of the second directional control valve 320 may be connected to each other so that cooling water flows and the left side may be disconnected. In addition, the third direction switching valve 330 may be connected to both the left side, the upper side, and the right side.

Thus, the cooling water flows from the second cooling water pump 420 to the first direction switching valve 410, the water-cooled condenser 220, the first cooling water pump 450, the cooling water heater 430, the heater core 440, and the first direction switching. The valve 410, the electrical component 460, the second coolant joint 312, the third directional control valve 330, the chiller 252, the first coolant joint 313, and the second directional control valve 320 The cycle of being introduced into the second coolant pump 420 and circulated in turn is repeated. At this time, the cooling water passing through the battery 350 may be joined at the third direction switching valve 330 to flow upward, and then diverged to both sides at the first cooling water joint 313 . Here, the coolant may not flow from the second directional control valve 320 to the second coolant joint 312 via the electrical radiator 310 by the second directional control valve 320 . Thus, the heated cooling water raises the temperature of the battery 350, so that the initial performance of the battery 350 can be quickly improved in winter when the outside temperature is low.

Here, the battery temperature increase mode may be operated when the temperature of the outside air is in the range of -20 degrees Celsius to -5 degrees Celsius.

6. In mild heating mode

12 is a configuration diagram showing an operating state of a thermal management system according to an embodiment of the present invention in a mild heating mode.

Referring to FIG. 12 , the refrigerant circulation line 200 does not operate and the refrigerant does not circulate.

Meanwhile, the cooling water in the cooling water circulation line 200 is circulated by the operation of the first cooling water pump 450 and the second cooling water pump 420 . In addition, the cooling water may be heated only with waste heat from the electric component 460 . At this time, the first directional control valve 410 and the second directional control valve 320 may be adjusted in a direction connecting the heating line 301 and the cooling line 302 . More specifically, the upper and left sides of the first directional control valve 410 are connected to each other to allow cooling water to flow, and the lower and right sides to be connected to each other to allow cooling water to flow. In addition, the right and lower sides of the second directional control valve 320 may be connected to each other so that cooling water flows and the left side may be disconnected. In addition, the left and upper sides of the third directional control valve 330 may be connected to each other and the right side may be blocked.

Thus, the cooling water flows from the second cooling water pump 420 to the first direction switching valve 410, the water-cooled condenser 220, the first cooling water pump 450, the cooling water heater 430, the heater core 440, and the first direction switching. The valve 410, the electrical component 460, the second coolant joint 312, the third directional control valve 330, the chiller 252, the first coolant joint 313, and the second directional control valve 320 The cycle of being introduced into the second coolant pump 420 and circulated in turn is repeated. At this time, the cooling water may not flow from the third directional switching valve 312 to the battery 350, the third cooling water pump 340, and the first cooling water joint 313 by the third direction switching valve 330, Cooling water may not flow from the second directional control valve 320 to the second coolant joint 312 via the electrical radiator 310 by the second directional control valve 320 . Thus, when the demand for heating is low, the cooling water can be heated using only waste heat from the electric component 460 and used for indoor heating.

Here, the mild heating mode may be operated when the temperature of outside air is in the range of 5 degrees Celsius to 15 degrees Celsius.

7. In dehumidification heating mode

13 is a block diagram showing an operating state of a thermal management system according to an embodiment of the present invention in a dehumidifying heating mode.

Referring to FIG. 13 , in the refrigerant circulation line 200 , the compressor 210 operates and high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant is discharged from the compressor 210 . The refrigerant discharged from the compressor 210 is cooled by exchanging heat with cooling water in the water-cooled condenser 220 . Subsequently, the refrigerant cooled in the water-cooled condenser 220 is throttled while passing through the direction-changing integral expansion valve 227, which is the first expansion valve, and the refrigerant expands, and the expanded refrigerant passes through the first refrigerant bypass line 232 and is divided. Some of the refrigerant diverted from the base 241 bypasses the second expansion valve 240, and then the refrigerant passes through the evaporator 242 and exchanges heat with the air blown by the blower 152 of the air conditioner 150. As it does, the moisture in the air is removed. The refrigerant passing through the evaporator 242 is introduced into the compressor 210 again through the accumulator 260 . In addition, the remainder of the refrigerant diverged from the refrigerant branch 241 bypasses the third expansion valve 240, and then the refrigerant passes through the chiller 252 and then joins in the accumulator 260 to the compressor 210. After being introduced, the refrigerant is circulated while repeating the above process. At this time, the refrigerant may not pass through the air-cooled condenser 230 by the direction-changing integrated expansion valve 227 .

Meanwhile, the cooling water in the cooling water circulation line 200 is circulated by the operation of the first cooling water pump 450 and the second cooling water pump 420 . In addition, the cooling water may be heated only with waste heat from the electric component 460 . At this time, the first directional control valve 410 and the second directional control valve 320 may be adjusted in a direction connecting the heating line 301 and the cooling line 302 . More specifically, the upper and left sides of the first directional control valve 410 are connected to each other to allow cooling water to flow, and the lower and right sides to be connected to each other to allow cooling water to flow. In addition, the right and lower sides of the second directional control valve 320 may be connected to each other so that cooling water flows and the left side may be disconnected. In addition, the left and upper sides of the third directional control valve 330 may be connected to each other and the right side may be blocked.

Thus, the cooling water flows from the second cooling water pump 420 to the first direction switching valve 410, the water-cooled condenser 220, the first cooling water pump 450, the cooling water heater 430, the heater core 440, and the first direction switching. The valve 410, the electrical component 460, the second coolant joint 312, the third directional control valve 330, the chiller 252, the first coolant joint 313, and the second directional control valve 320 The cycle of being introduced into the second coolant pump 420 and circulated in turn is repeated. At this time, the cooling water may not flow from the third directional switching valve 312 to the battery 350, the third cooling water pump 340, and the first cooling water joint 313 by the third direction switching valve 330, Cooling water may not flow from the second directional control valve 320 to the second coolant joint 312 via the electrical radiator 310 by the second directional control valve 320 . Here, the cooling water heater 430 may not operate, and air dehumidified while passing through the evaporator 242 is heated while passing through the heater core 440 and may be used for indoor heating. In addition, the third directional switching valve 330 is operated to connect all three directions, and the waste heat of the battery 350 can be used for heating together.

14 is a configuration diagram showing a thermal management system according to another embodiment of the present invention, and FIGS. 15 and 16 are conceptual diagrams showing the flow of coolant in the coolant circulation line according to the opening and closing of the shut-off valve in FIG. 14 .

Referring to FIG. 14, the cooling line 302 may further include a fourth connection line 302-4 connecting the first connection line 302-1 and the second connection line 302-2, A shut-off valve 360 is installed on the fourth connection line 302-4 so that the shut-off valve 360 can be disposed in parallel with the first directional control valve 410.

Therefore, in a state in which the shut-off valve 360 is shut off as shown in FIG. 15 at normal times, the electric component 460 is cooled using the flow of cooling water, and when the cooling demand of the electric component 460 is high, the shut-off valve 360 is shut off as shown in FIG. The electric component 460 may be cooled by using colder cooling water by opening the 360 .

In addition, the coolant temperature sensor 461 may be installed close to the front of the electric component 460 in the flow direction of the coolant, and the shut-off valve 360 may be closed according to the temperature of the coolant measured through the coolant temperature sensor 461. The cooling of the electric component 460 may be controlled by controlling the opening and closing of the electric component 460 .

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and the scope of application is diverse, and anyone with ordinary knowledge in the field to which the present invention belongs without departing from the gist of the present invention claimed in the claims Of course, various modifications are possible.

150: air conditioner 151: temperature control door
152: blower
200: refrigerant circulation line 210: compressor
220: water-cooled condenser 225: electronic expansion valve
226: fourth direction switching valve
227: direction switching integral expansion valve
227-1: housing 227a: inlet
227b: first exit 227c: second exit
227-2: sealing member 227-3: valve body
227d: bypass flow path 227e: bridge flow path
230: air-cooled condenser 231: first check valve
232: first refrigerant bypass line 240: second expansion valve
241: refrigerant branch
242: evaporator 251: third expansion valve
252: chiller 259: second check valve
260: accumulator
300: cooling water circulation line 301: heating line
302: cooling line 302-1: first connection line
302-2: second connection line 302-3: third connection line
302-4: 4th tie line
310: electrical radiator 311: cooling fan
312: second coolant joint 313: first coolant joint
320: second directional switching valve 330: third directional switching valve
340: third coolant pump 350: battery
360: shut-off valve 370: reservoir tank
410: first directional control valve 420: second coolant pump
430: coolant heater 440: heater core
450: first cooling water pump 460: electrical components
461: coolant temperature sensor

Claims (22)

A compressor 210, a water-cooled condenser 220, a first expansion valve, an air-cooled condenser 230, a second expansion valve 240, an evaporator 242, and the air-cooled condenser 230 are connected in parallel and optionally contain a refrigerant. A refrigerant circulation line 200 including a first refrigerant bypass line 232 through which the refrigerant can be passed and cooling the room by circulating the refrigerant;
a heating line (301) for heating a room by circulating cooling water that exchanges heat with the refrigerant through the water-cooled condenser (220); and
a cooling line 302 cooling the battery 350 and the electric component 460 by circulating air or cooling water that exchanges heat with the refrigerant; including,
The cooling line 302,
a first connection line 302-1 branched from one side of the cooling line 302 and connected to the heating line 301; And a second connection line 302-2 branched from the other side of the cooling line 302 and connected to the heating line 301;
The first connection line 302-1, the second connection line 302-2, and the heating line 301 are connected to the first directional control valve 410, and by the first directional control valve 410 The cooling line 302 and the heating line 301 are connected or disconnected from each other,
The electric component is disposed on the second connection line,
The cooling line 302,
A fourth connection line 302-4 connecting the first connection line 302-1 and the second connection line 302-2, and installed on the fourth connection line 302-4, A thermal management system further comprising a shut-off valve (360) disposed in parallel with the directional control valve (410).
According to claim 1,
In the maximum heating mode or when frost occurs in the air-cooled condenser 230, the refrigerant does not flow through the air-cooled condenser 230 and the refrigerant flows through the first refrigerant bypass line 232. Thermal management system characterized in that .
According to claim 1,
The refrigerant circulation line 200,
A first check valve 231 installed between the rear side of the air-cooled condenser 230 and the rear end of the refrigerant bypass line 232 in the flow direction of the refrigerant or a second check installed between the evaporator 242 and the compressor 210 A thermal management system further comprising a valve (259).
According to claim 1,
The refrigerant circulation line 200,
A first expansion valve is disposed between the water-cooled condenser 220 and the air-cooled condenser 230, and the first expansion valve is formed of an electronic expansion valve 225, and the electronic expansion valve 225 and the air-cooled condenser 230 ) and further comprising a fourth directional control valve 226 installed between them, wherein the first refrigerant bypass line 232 is connected to the fourth directional control valve 226.
According to claim 1,
The refrigerant circulation line 200,
A first expansion valve is disposed between the water-cooled condenser 220 and the air-cooled condenser 230, and the first expansion valve is formed as a direction-changing integrated expansion valve 227 in which a three-way selector valve and an electronic expansion valve are integrally formed. And the thermal management system, characterized in that the first refrigerant bypass line 232 is connected to the direction switching integral expansion valve (227).
According to claim 5,
The direction switching integrated expansion valve 227,
The inlet 227a connected to the refrigerant line on the water-cooled condenser 220 side, the first outlet 227b connected to the refrigerant line on the air-cooled condenser 230 side, and the refrigerant line on the first refrigerant bypass line 232 side a housing 227-1 formed with a flow path in which the second outlets 227c are connected;
A pair of sealing members coupled to the inside of the housing 227-1 and disposed between the inlet 227a and the first outlet 227b and between the inlet 227a and the second outlet 227c. (227-2); and
It is interposed between the pair of sealing members 227-2 so that its outer circumferential surface is in close contact with the sealing members 227-2, and the bypass passage connecting the inlet 227a and the outer circumferential surface of the housing 227-1 ( 227d) is formed on the valve body 227-3;
Thermal management system comprising a.
According to claim 6,
The valve body 227-3,
The thermal management system, characterized in that the throttling flow path (227e) is formed concavely on the outer circumferential surface, and the throttling flow path (227e) is connected to the bypass flow path (227d).
According to claim 7,
The throttling passage 227e is formed by a specific angular range in the circumferential direction of the valve body 227-3, and the refrigerant can pass through the throttling passage 227e as it goes farther from the portion connected to the bypass passage 227d. A thermal management system, characterized in that the cross-sectional area is formed to gradually decrease.
delete delete delete delete According to claim 1,
The cooling line 302,
A thermal management system further comprising a cooling water temperature sensor 461 installed in front of the electric component 460 in a flow direction of the cooling water.
According to claim 1,
The refrigerant circulation line 200,
A third expansion valve 251 that throttles, bypasses, or blocks the flow of the refrigerant discharged from the water-cooled condenser 220 and the refrigerant discharged from the third expansion valve 251 of the cooling line 302 A thermal management system further comprising a chiller 252 that exchanges heat with the cooling water.
According to claim 14,
The cooling line 302,
A third connection line 302-3 is connected in parallel with the battery 350 and passes through the chiller 252, and the third connection line 302-3 is connected to the third directional control valve 330. connected to the cooling line 302 by the third direction switching valve 330, the cooling water flows through the third connection line 302-3 or the flow is blocked.
According to claim 1,
The cooling line 302,
A thermal management system comprising a radiator 310 for cooling the cooling water with air.
According to claim 1,
The heating line 301,
The heater core 440 heats the room by using the heated air by exchanging heat between the cooling water that exchanges heat with the refrigerant through the water-cooled condenser 220 and the air introduced into the room, and the heater core 440 in the flow direction of the cooling water A thermal management system including a coolant heater 430 disposed at the front to heat the coolant.
According to claim 14,
In mild cooling mode,
The thermal management system, characterized in that the third expansion valve (251) is blocked so that the refrigerant does not pass through the chiller (252).
According to claim 1,
In battery-only cooling mode,
The thermal management system, characterized in that the second expansion valve 240 is blocked so that the refrigerant does not pass through the evaporator (242).
According to claim 1,
In battery temperature rise mode,
The refrigerant circulation line 200 is a thermal management system, characterized in that the refrigerant does not circulate.
According to claim 1,
In mild heating mode,
The refrigerant circulation line 200 is a thermal management system, characterized in that the refrigerant does not circulate.
According to claim 1,
In the dehumidifying heating mode, the refrigerant does not flow through the air-cooled condenser (230) and the refrigerant is operated to flow through the first refrigerant bypass line (232).

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