KR102538059B1 - Reduction of Volatile Organic Compounds System and Method for Ship - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention recovers volatile organic compounds generated from a liquid cargo storage tank in a carrier transporting liquid cargo, specifically, liquid cargo in which volatile organic compounds are generated, such as crude oil, refined oil, petrochemical products (PC), and chemicals. However, it relates to a system and method for reducing volatile organic compound emissions from ships capable of minimizing atmospheric emissions of volatile organic compounds generated and reducing loss of liquid cargo.
According to the present invention, the volatile organic compound emission reduction system includes a VOC discharge line for discharging VOC (Volatile Organic Compounds) generated from liquid cargo transported as cargo through a ship; A fuel supply line for supplying liquefied gas fuel to an engine propelling the vessel; and a heat exchanger that is connected to the VOC discharge line and the fuel supply line and exchanges heat between the VOC and the liquefied gas, wherein the liquefied gas fuel discharged from the heat exchanger is supplied as fuel of the engine, and the heat exchanger It is characterized in that the liquefied VOC discharged from is re-supplied as the liquid cargo.

Description

System and method for reducing volatile organic compound emissions from ships {Reduction of Volatile Organic Compounds System and Method for Ship}

The present invention recovers volatile organic compounds generated from a liquid cargo storage tank in a carrier transporting liquid cargo, specifically, liquid cargo in which volatile organic compounds are generated, such as crude oil, refined oil, petrochemical products (PC), and chemicals. However, it relates to a system and method for reducing volatile organic compound emissions from ships capable of minimizing atmospheric emissions of volatile organic compounds generated and reducing loss of liquid cargo.

In general, crude oil (Crude Oil) is mined in production areas, loaded on crude oil carriers, and then transported to destinations through voyages. In such a crude oil carrier, a large amount of volatile organic compounds (VOCs: Volatile Organic Compounds, hereinafter referred to as 'VOC') are generated in the process of loading crude oil from a land or sea crude oil storage tank to a crude oil storage tank of a crude oil carrier.

In addition, when the crude oil carrier sails on the sea, a considerable amount of volatile organic compounds are generated as the crude oil storage tank of the crude oil carrier is shaken by waves, wind, etc. according to sea conditions.

When such volatile organic compounds are generated, the pressure inside the crude oil storage tank increases, which becomes a safety problem of the crude oil storage tank. Conventionally, these volatile organic compounds are released into the atmosphere.

VOCs generated in this way contain various organic compounds such as methane, ethane, propane, and butane, and not only cause odor, but also have potential toxicity and carcinogenicity, which are harmful to the human body. Since it reacts photochemically with nitrogen oxide and other compounds to form ozone, it causes smog and other air pollution.

In addition, when VOC generated in a ship is discharged into the air, since VOC is a major component of crude oil, the amount of crude oil transported is lost. Therefore, it is necessary to reduce the generation of VOCs within the ship and to suppress the air emission of the generated VOCs.

Republic of Korea Patent Registration No. 10-1086198 (published on April 13, 2011)

Accordingly, the present invention provides a system and method for reducing volatile organic compound emissions from ships that can reduce the emission of VOCs generated in the liquid cargo storage tank of a carrier ship into the air and recover the generated VOCs back to the liquid cargo storage tank to reduce losses. want to provide

According to one aspect of the present invention for achieving the above object, a VOC discharge line for discharging gas containing VOC (Volatile Organic Compounds) generated from liquid cargo transported as cargo through a ship; A fuel supply line for supplying liquefied gas fuel to an engine propelling the vessel; and a heat exchanger that is connected to the VOC discharge line and the fuel supply line and exchanges heat between the VOC and the liquefied gas, wherein the liquefied gas fuel discharged from the heat exchanger is supplied as fuel of the engine, and the heat exchanger VOCs discharged from and liquefied are resupplied as the liquid cargo.

Preferably, the fuel supply line may include a branch line branched from a front end of the heat exchange device and connected to a rear end of the heat exchange device by bypassing the heat exchange device; And a flow control valve provided in the branch line; further including, it is possible to adjust the flow rate of the liquefied gas fuel supplied to the heat exchanger through the branch line.

Preferably, a gas line connected to an upper portion of the heat exchange device and discharging non-liquefied gaseous VOC from the heat exchange device; and a liquid line connected to a lower portion of the heat exchange device and discharging liquefied VOC in the heat exchange device.

Preferably, a gas-liquid separator provided at a rear end of the heat exchanger and configured to gas-liquid separate the VOC cooled by the liquefied gas fuel in the heat exchanger; is connected to an upper part of the gas-liquid separator, and in the gas-liquid separator a gas line for discharging the separated gas; and a liquid line connected to a lower portion of the gas-liquid separator and resupplying the liquid separated in the gas-liquid separator to the liquid cargo.

Preferably, a compressor for pressurizing the VOC supplied to the heat exchanger may be further provided in the VOC discharge line.

Preferably, in the fuel supply line, a temperature control unit is provided at a rear end of the heat exchanger and adjusts the temperature of the liquefied fuel heated by the VOC in the heat exchanger to meet the requirements of the engine; can be provided.

Preferably, a pump for compressing and transporting the liquefied VOC; may be further included.

According to another aspect of the present invention for achieving the above object, supplying a gas containing VOC generated from liquid cargo transported through a ship to a heat exchanger; cooling the VOC with liquefied gas fuel to be supplied as engine fuel of the ship in the heat exchanger; re-supplying the liquefied VOC among the VOCs cooled by the liquefied gas fuel in the heat exchanger as the liquid cargo; And cooling the VOC and supplying the heated liquefied gas fuel to the engine fuel of the ship; including, a method for reducing volatile organic compound emissions of ships is provided.

Preferably, the step of resupplying the liquefied VOC as the liquid cargo may further include gas-liquid separation of the VOC discharged from the heat exchanger.

According to the present invention, VOC generated from liquid cargo of a carrier can be recovered to a liquid cargo storage tank, thereby minimizing cargo loss and minimizing air emission of VOC.

In addition, the liquefied gas fuel can be supplied to the engine of the carrier, and the heating duty required to vaporize the liquefied gas fuel can be reduced.

In addition, since a separate refrigerant is not required to re-liquefy the VOC and recovered to the storage tank, and an additional refrigerant circulation system is not required, there are cost and space advantages.

In addition, since the temperature of only the volatile gas generated from the liquefied cargo is cooled, VOC can be recovered while controlling the temperature of the boil-off gas with a smaller amount of liquefied gas.

In addition, since the liquefied gas and volatile gas exchange heat in the heat exchanger installed independently outside the liquid cargo storage tank, even if the liquefied gas leaks in the heat exchanger, it is easily separated from the liquid cargo storage tank or the liquefied gas supply device, preventing damage caused by leakage. damage can be minimized.

In addition, the flow rate of liquefied gas required to condense VOCs can be adjusted according to the flow rate of generated VOCs, and the temperature of liquefied gas supplied as fuel for the engine can be appropriately adjusted.

1 is a block diagram schematically illustrating a system for reducing volatile organic compound emissions of a ship according to an embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a schematic configuration diagram of a volatile organic compound emission reduction system of a ship according to another embodiment of the present invention.
3 is a block diagram schematically illustrating a system for reducing volatile organic compound emissions of a ship according to another embodiment of the present invention.
4 is a block diagram schematically illustrating a system for reducing volatile organic compound emissions of a ship according to another embodiment of the present invention.

In order to fully understand the operational advantages of the present invention and the objects achieved by the practice of the present invention, reference should be made to the accompanying drawings illustrating preferred embodiments of the present invention and the contents described in the accompanying drawings.

Hereinafter, the configuration and operation of a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In adding reference numerals to the components of each drawing, it should be noted that the same components are marked with the same numerals as much as possible, even if they are displayed on different drawings. In addition, the following examples may be modified in many different forms, and the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following examples.

1 to 4 are configuration diagrams schematically illustrating a system for reducing volatile organic compound emissions of a ship according to an embodiment of the present invention. Hereinafter, a volatile organic compound emission reduction system and method of a ship according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4.

In this specification, the vessel is propelled by a gas engine using gas such as LNG, LPG, and Ethane as fuel or a dual fuel engine such as ME-GI, ME-LGI, X-DF, and DFDE using both gas and oil as fuel, It is preferable to be a liquid cargo carrier that transports liquid cargo as cargo, but is not limited thereto. Hereinafter, in an embodiment to be described later, using LNG (Liquefied Natural Gas) as an engine fuel will be described as an example.

In addition, liquid cargo (Liquid Cargo) may be crude oil (Crude Oil), refined oil (Oil Products), chemicals (Chemicals), etc., but in the embodiment to be described later, crude oil will be described as an example, that is, the ship is a crude oil carrier ( Crude Oil Tanker) as an example.

First, referring to FIG. 1, a system and method for reducing volatile organic compound emissions from a ship according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described.

As shown in FIG. 1, the volatile organic compound emission reduction system of a ship according to an embodiment of the present invention is provided in a crude oil carrier that carries liquid cargo, that is, crude oil as a cargo in this embodiment, and stores crude oil. A fuel storage tank 200 for storing two liquid cargo storage tanks 100, a gas fuel engine 600 for propelling a crude oil carrier, and liquefied gas fuel to be supplied to the engine 600, that is, LNG in this embodiment.

In liquid cargo such as crude oil stored in the liquid cargo storage tank 100, volatile organic compounds (hereinafter referred to as 'VOC') are generated during loading / unloading or while the ship is sailing do. When these VOCs accumulate in the storage tank 100, the pressure inside the tank 100 increases, which becomes a safety problem, so it needs to be discharged to the outside. In addition to being harmful to the human body, the emission of VOC into the air is a loss of liquid cargo, so it is necessary to properly treat it.

According to one embodiment of the present invention, a VOC discharge line (VL) for discharging gas containing VOC from the liquid cargo storage tank 100 is provided. VOC accumulated in the liquid cargo storage tank 100 is discharged to the outside of the tank 100 by a VOC discharge line (VL), and the VOC discharge line (VL) is a heat exchange device to be described later from the top of the liquid cargo storage tank 100. It is connected to (300, 400).

In addition, there is provided a fuel supply line (FL) for supplying fuel from the fuel storage tank 200 to the engine 600, the fuel supply line (FL) is a fuel storage tank 200, heat exchange devices (300, 400) It is connected to the engine 600.

The gas fuel stored in the fuel storage tank 200 should be supplied in a gaseous state when supplied as fuel to the engine 600, but is stored in a liquefied state in consideration of transportation and storage convenience. Therefore, in the fuel supply line FL, a means for vaporizing the liquid gas fuel stored in the fuel storage tank 200 and a temperature control means for adjusting the temperature to meet the fuel conditions required by the gas fuel engine 600 or A pressure regulating means for regulating the pressure must be provided.

Therefore, in the fuel supply line FL according to an embodiment of the present invention, the fuel supply pump 210 for pumping the LNG stored in the fuel storage tank 200, the heat exchange devices 300 and 400 to be described later, and the heat exchange device 300 , 400) may be provided with a temperature control means 310 for heating or cooling the gas fuel passing through.

That is, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the heat exchange devices 300 and 400 are connected to the VOC discharge line VL and the fuel supply line FL, and the heat exchange devices 300 and 400 have a VOC discharge line VL The VOC discharged along the fuel supply line (FL) and the liquefied gas supplied to the engine 600 along the fuel supply line (FL), that is, LNG, heat exchange, so that the VOC is cooled by the cold heat of the LNG and at least partially condensed, and the LNG is heated by the VOC and at least some may be vaporized.

The VOC cooled or at least partially condensed in the heat exchanger (300, 400) is supplied back to the liquid cargo storage tank (100), and the gas fuel heated or at least partially vaporized in the heat exchanger (300, 400) is returned to the engine ( 600) is supplied.

According to one embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1, the above-described heat exchange devices 300 and 400, LNG flows into a pipe (not shown) provided in the heat exchange device 300, and gaseous VOC VOC, which flows along the outer surface of the pipe and is condensed (liquefied) by the cold heat of LNG, flows through the liquid cargo storage tank 100 through the liquid line LL connected from the bottom of the heat exchanger 300 to the liquid cargo storage tank 100. ), and the non-liquefied gaseous VOC may be supplied to a gas treatment means 700 such as a vent mast through a gas line GL connected to the top of the heat exchanger 300. .

In addition, according to one embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1, the fuel supply line FL bypasses the heat exchange device 300 described above and moves from the front end of the heat exchange device 300 to the rear end of the heat exchange device 300. A branching line BL may be provided.

A flow control valve (FV) may be further provided in the branch line (BL), and the flow rate of LNG supplied from the fuel storage tank 200 to the heat exchanger 300 may be adjusted. The flow rate of LNG branched through the branch line BL may be adjusted according to the flow rate of VOC supplied to the heat exchanger 300 through the VOC discharge line VL.

In addition, according to another embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 2, the heat exchanger 300 is provided in the VOC discharge line VL for supplying VOC from the liquid cargo storage tank 100 to the heat exchanger 300 It is provided at the front end and may further include a compressor 110a or a blower that pressurizes the VOC so that it can be smoothly supplied to the heat exchanger 300 .

Hereinafter, a volatile organic compound emission reduction system and method of a ship according to another embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 3 . In an embodiment to be described later, members having the same reference numerals as those in the above-described embodiment may be applied in the same manner as in the above-described embodiment, and descriptions of the same components will be omitted.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 3, VOC discharged from the liquid cargo storage tank 100 through the VOC discharge line (VL) is supplied to the heat exchange device 400, and the heat exchange device ( VOC cooled or at least partially liquefied in 400) is supplied to the gas-liquid separator 500.

The gaseous non-liquefied VOC separated in the gas-liquid separator 500 is supplied to the gas treatment means 700 through the gas line GL connected from the top of the gas-liquid separator 500 to the gas treatment means 700, and VOC in liquid state separated in the separator 500 may be re-supplied to the storage tank 100 through a liquid line LL connected from the bottom of the gas-liquid separator 500 to the liquid cargo storage tank 100.

Liquefied gas fuel heated or at least partially vaporized in the heat exchanger 400, ie, LNG, may be supplied as fuel of the engine 600 through the engine supply line FL.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 4, the VOC discharge line (VL) for supplying VOC from the liquid cargo storage tank 100 to the heat exchange device 300 is provided at the front end of the heat exchange device 300, and the heat exchange device 300 It may further include a compressor (Compressor) (110b) or a blower (Blower) for pressurizing so that the VOC can be smoothly supplied.

Alternatively, although not shown, a pressure transfer device such as a pump that pressurizes the liquefied VOC to be smoothly supplied to the liquid cargo storage tank 100 may be further provided at the rear of the heat exchangers 300 and 400 and the gas-liquid separator 500. there is.

Therefore, according to the present invention, since the gas fuel is primarily heated using VOC, the heating duty for vaporizing the gas fuel can be reduced, and the VOC can be recovered as cargo again, thereby reducing losses, , VOCs can be liquefied by requiring less cooling heat because not all liquid cargo is cooled, but only the discharged gas is cooled, and VOCs are re-liquefied using gas fuel supplied as fuel, so VOCs are reduced in investment cost. , can be effectively recovered. In addition, by supplying VOCs cooled or liquefied by gas fuel back to the storage tank, the internal temperature of the storage tank is lowered, thereby reducing the generation of VOCs from liquid cargo.

As described above, the embodiments according to the present invention have been reviewed, and the fact that the present invention can be embodied in other specific forms in addition to the above-described embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope is apparent to those skilled in the art. It is self-evident to Therefore, the foregoing embodiments should be regarded as illustrative rather than restrictive, and thus the present invention is not limited to the foregoing description, but may be modified within the scope of the appended claims and their equivalents.

100: liquid cargo storage tank
200: fuel storage tank
300, 400: heat exchanger
500: gas-liquid separator
600: gas fuel engine
110: compressor
VL: VOC discharge line
FL: fuel supply line
LL: liquid line
BL: branch line
FV: flow control valve

Claims (9)

A VOC discharge line for discharging gas containing VOC (Volatile Organic Compounds) generated from liquid cargo transported as cargo through ships;
A fuel supply line for supplying liquefied gas fuel to an engine for propelling the vessel; and
A heat exchanger connected to the VOC discharge line and the fuel supply line and exchanging heat between the VOC and the liquefied gas; including,
The liquefied gas fuel is supplied to the heat exchange device through the fuel supply line, heated by heat exchange in the heat exchange device, discharged from the heat exchange device through the fuel supply line, and supplied as fuel for the engine,
The VOC is supplied to the heat exchanger through the VOC discharge line, and the VOCs condensed by heat exchange in the heat exchanger are discharged from the heat exchanger and re-supplied to the liquid cargo storage tank. system. The method of claim 1,
The fuel supply line,
a branch line branched from the front end of the heat exchange device and connected to a rear end of the heat exchange device by bypassing the heat exchange device; and
A flow control valve provided in the branch line; further comprising,
A system for reducing emission of volatile organic compounds of a ship, which controls the flow rate of the liquefied gas fuel supplied to the heat exchanger through the branch line. The method of claim 2,
a gas line connected to an upper part of the heat exchanger and discharging non-liquefied gaseous VOC from the heat exchanger; and
A liquid line connected to the lower portion of the heat exchanger and discharging liquefied VOC in the heat exchanger; further comprising a volatile organic compound emission reduction system of the ship. The method of claim 2,
A gas-liquid separator provided at a rear end of the heat exchanger and configured to separate VOC cooled by the liquefied gas fuel in the heat exchanger;
a gas line connected to an upper portion of the gas-liquid separator and discharging the gas separated in the gas-liquid separator; and
A liquid line connected to the lower part of the gas-liquid separator and re-supplying the liquid separated in the gas-liquid separator to the liquid cargo; According to claim 3 or 4,
In the VOC discharge line,
A compressor for compressing the VOC supplied to the heat exchanger; is further provided, the volatile organic compound emission reduction system of the ship. The method of claim 5,
In the fuel supply line,
A temperature control means provided at the rear end of the heat exchanger and adjusting the temperature of the liquefied fuel heated by the VOC in the heat exchanger to meet the requirements of the engine; further provided, reducing the emission of volatile organic compounds from ships system. According to claim 3 or 4,
A pump for compressing and transporting the liquefied VOC; further comprising a volatile organic compound emission reduction system for ships. supplying gas containing VOC generated from liquid cargo transported through the ship to a heat exchanger through a VOC discharge line;
supplying liquefied gas fuel to be supplied as engine fuel of the ship to the heat exchanger through a fuel supply line;
exchanging heat between the liquefied gas fuel transferred through the fuel supply line and the VOC in the heat exchanger to cool the VOC and heat the liquefied gas fuel;
resupplying liquefied VOC among the VOC cooled by liquefied gas fuel in the heat exchanger as the liquid cargo through a liquid line; and
After cooling the VOC, supplying the heated liquefied gas fuel to the engine fuel of the ship through the fuel supply line; The method of claim 8,
The step of resupplying the liquefied VOC as the liquid cargo,
Gas-liquid separation of the VOC discharged from the heat exchanger; further comprising a volatile organic compound emission reduction method of the ship.

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