KR102520510B1 - Air purifying device - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention is an all-in-one air purifying device for purifying air, comprising: a housing including a cylindrical inner wall forming an air inlet and an outer wall forming a dust collection space together with the inner wall; an air flow controller disposed at the air inlet; a photolysis unit that photo-decomposes the air that has passed through the air flow control unit; a decomposition unit through which photodegraded air passes; and an air outlet formed on an outer wall and through which air purified in the decomposition unit is discharged to the outside.

Description

Air Purifying Device {AIR PURIFYING DEVICE}

The present invention is an air purifying device capable of simultaneously decomposing indoor gaseous volatile organic pollutants (hereinafter referred to as VOC) and tar materials, and specifically, by applying a catalyst containing manganese (Mn) and cerium (Ce), tar materials It relates to an air purifying device capable of maximizing the decomposition effect of

In general, an air purifier is a device that cleanly purifies indoor air. Through an air circulation process in which indoor air sucked by driving a blowing fan passes through a filter to filter out fine dust and supply purified air back to the room. purifies the indoor air.

However, conventional filter-type air purifiers have a problem in that they cannot effectively remove VOCs. There is a problem.

Therefore, conventional filter-type air purifiers are not suitable for circulating the purified air back into the room because they do not sufficiently treat pollutants, and the filter has a short lifespan and needs to be replaced frequently.

In addition, general air cleaning systems often use a method of collecting target pollutants using an adsorption material (activated carbon, zeolite, etc.) to treat gaseous air pollutants. This method simply removes the medium of pollutants. As a method of treatment by moving, if periodic filter replacement is not performed, the air purification ability is rapidly reduced.

In particular, filter-type air purifiers are only effective for particulate matter, but are not very effective for removing other gaseous substances and sterilizing microorganisms. There is a problem that the treatment performance is further deteriorated due to contamination of the filter.

Therefore, the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems of the conventional air purifier, to provide an effective air purifying device for optimizing indoor air quality by treating air pollutants generated in high concentration and large amount indoors, such as oil vapor and solvent. do.

In addition, the present invention provides an efficient air purifying device with simple design and assembly by providing components necessary for the air purifying device in the form of an integral air purifying module.

In addition, the present invention can increase the pollutant removal efficiency of the air cleaning device through an air flow controller that effectively controls the air flow of polluted air sucked into the air cleaning device.

In order to achieve the above technical problem, the present invention is an integrated air purifying device for purifying air, comprising: a housing including a cylindrical inner wall forming an air inlet and an outer wall forming a dust collecting space together with the inner wall; an air flow controller disposed at the air inlet; a photolysis unit that photo-decomposes the air that has passed through the air flow control unit; a decomposition unit through which photodegraded air passes; and an air outlet formed on an outer wall and through which air purified in the decomposition unit is discharged to the outside.

In addition, the air flow control unit of the present invention may use a guide vane that sucks in air from an air inlet and generates a vortex in the air supplied to the photodecomposer.

In addition, the guide vane of the present invention is installed with an inner frame having an exhaust hole in the inner center, an outer frame positioned at a predetermined distance from the inner frame, and a predetermined distance between the inner frame and the outer frame, the guide vane It may include a guide piece inclined inward toward the lower part of the.

In addition, the decomposition unit of the present invention may include a plurality of filters that filter and decompose pollutants contained in the air, and the plurality of filters include an activated carbon filter and a filter in which Mn and Ce nano-catalysts are supported on a TiO2 support. can do.

In addition, the TiO2 support of the present invention is a CVC-TiO2 support synthesized by a chemical evaporation condensation (CVC) process, and such a CVC-TiO2 support can be formed only in the anatase crystalline phase.

In addition, the Mn and Ce nanocatalysts of the present invention may be supported on a support by an impregnation method.

The present invention is a device capable of simultaneously decomposing and treating indoor air pollutants, in particular, VOC and tar materials, and an air cleaning device in which a guide vane and a filter coated with a nano-catalyst material are integrated to maximize the decomposition effect of VOC on a catalyst. can provide.

1 is a cross-sectional perspective view schematically showing the configuration of an air purifying device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a conceptual diagram schematically illustrating an airflow controller according to an embodiment of the present invention.
3 is a conceptual diagram schematically illustrating an air flow controlled by an air flow controller according to an embodiment of the present invention.
4 is a photograph of a plurality of filters applied to a dust collecting unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
5 is a graph summarizing the amount of tar material adhering to the surface of a support according to one cigarette smoke exposure using an air purifying device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
6 is a graph summarizing the amount of tar material adhering to the surface of a support according to 10 cigarette smoke exposures using an air purifying device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
7 is a summary of the amount of tar contained in cigarette smoke by component.
8 is an XRD analysis graph for confirming a crystal phase of a catalyst according to an embodiment of the present invention.
9 is an XPS result graph for confirming the chemical bonding state of catalysts synthesized according to an embodiment of the present invention.
10 is a photograph of a system for evaluating the performance of an air purifying device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
11 is a photograph of test filters for evaluating filter performance according to an embodiment of the present invention.
12 is a graph showing the results of decomposing tobacco harmful substances by applying filters according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, an air purifying device 1 according to the present invention will be described through preferred embodiments of the present invention based on the accompanying drawings.

Prior to the description, in various embodiments, components having the same configuration will be representatively described in one embodiment using the same reference numerals, and only different components will be described in other embodiments.

1 is a cross-sectional perspective view schematically showing the configuration of an air purifying device 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

As described in FIG. 1, an air purifying device 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention is composed of a housing including a cylindrical inner wall 11 and an outer wall 12, and the cylindrical inner wall 11 is formed from the bottom. An air inlet 111 for sucking polluted air may be formed.

In addition, a predetermined space is formed between the inner wall 11 and the outer wall 12, and the disassembly unit 40 is disposed inside the space to be utilized as a dust collection space.

An air flow control unit 20 is formed at the air inlet 111, and as the air sucked in from the air intake 111 passes through the air flow control unit 20, a vortex is generated, and thus primarily comes in contact with the air to photodegrade it. Air may be supplied homogeneously to the entire area of the UV device, which is the photolysis unit 30 to do. A detailed description of the airflow control unit 20 will be described later.

In summary, the polluted outside air sucked in from the air inlet 111 passes through the air flow control unit 20, the contaminants are primarily decomposed in the photolysis unit 30, and passes through the passage 112 to the decomposition unit ( 40), the contaminants are decomposed secondarily. Finally, the purified air in which pollutants are decomposed twice is discharged to the outside through the air outlet 121 .

Meanwhile, a plurality of filters for filtering and decomposing pollutants contained in the air may be disposed in the decomposition unit, and the plurality of filters include an activated carbon filter 42 and a filter 41 in which Mn and Ce nano-catalysts are supported on a TiO2 support. ) may be included.

Specifically, the TiO2 support may use a CVC-TiO2 support synthesized by a chemical evaporation condensation (CVC) process, and such a CVC-TiO2 support is preferably formed of only the anatase crystalline phase. In addition, the Mn and Ce nanocatalysts can be supported on the CVC-TiO2 support by the impregnation method. The specific configuration and performance of the filter will be described through embodiments to be described later.

2 is a conceptual diagram schematically showing an air flow controller 20 according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 3 schematically illustrates the flow of air controlled by the air flow controller 20 according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is a conceptual diagram represented by

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, in one embodiment of the present invention, a guide vane may be used as the air flow control unit 20, and in FIG. 2, a circular guide vane is described as an example, but the shape of the guide vane may be appropriately changed according to the shape of the air inlet 111 formed.

Specifically, the guide vane 20 has an inner frame 22 having an exhaust hole 21 at its inner center, and an outer frame 23 positioned at a predetermined distance from the inner frame 22 .

In addition, guide pieces 24 are installed at regular intervals between the inner frame 22 and the outer frame 23, and these guide pieces 24 may be formed inclined inward toward the lower part of the guide vane 20. there is.

Therefore, as shown in FIG. 3, even if non-uniformity occurs in the air (A) sucked into the guide vane 20, the intake air rotates through the inclined guide piece 24, and the exhaust air (B) It is discharged while generating a vortex.

Through this, air containing contaminants can be uniformly supplied to the entire area of the photolysis unit 30 without being biasedly supplied to a predetermined point of the photolysis unit 30, and contaminants and the photolysis unit 30 ), it is possible to efficiently decompose the contaminant.

[Example 1]

In one embodiment of the present invention, a Ce-Mn ₂ O ₃ /TiO ₂ nanocatalyst was synthesized by impregnating Mn and Ce on the surface of a catalyst particle synthesized by a chemical evaporation condensation (CVC) process.

By synthesizing TiO ₂ nanoparticles used as a support using a vapor evaporation method, Mn and Ce oxides can be evenly distributed on the particle surface during impregnation, and a uniform nanocatalyst can be synthesized.

In addition, Ce oxide, a non-noble metal material, has high oxygen mobility through unstable oxidation states (Ce ⁴⁺ and Ce ³⁺ ), and due to this property, catalysts combined with Ce oxide have smooth oxygen mobility, leading to oxidation reactions. can work very effectively.

For example, in the study of the photocatalytic reaction in which Ce was added, the target materials, Toluene and O-xylene, showed high photocatalytic oxidation efficiency of 33% for Toluene and 48% for O-xylene compared to the existing TiO2 material.

In addition, by adding Ce to the Mn-supported nanocatalyst, tar resistance and oxidizing power could be increased.

4 is a photograph of a plurality of filters applied to a dust collecting unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In the present invention, a filter coating technology is applied in which a nanomaterial to which Ce is added is coated on a carbon paper support to maintain uniform catalytic performance.

It was confirmed that about 1 to 10 g of nanomaterial was coated on a filter having a width of 30 cm and a thickness of 1 cm. In addition, the quality of the support may be a factor influencing the design and removal efficiency of the air purifying device.

In order to firstly photodegrade the air that has passed through the photolysis unit 30 and to uniformly supply ozone to the decomposition unit 40 at the same time, a distance between the photolysis unit 30 and the filter of the decomposition unit 40 is about 1 to 5 cm. It is desirable to give an interval.

In FIG. 1, three UV lamps with a wavelength of 185 nm are installed, and their output can be controlled according to the concentration of the incoming contaminants.

5 and 6 are graphs summarizing the amount of tar material adhering to the surface of the support according to exposure to cigarette smoke once and ten times using the air purifying device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the surface of the catalyst filter prepared by coating catalyst particles was exposed to high concentration of cigarette smoke to measure the amount of low-volatility tar adhering.

The tar materials adsorbed on the surface of the activated carbon filter and catalyst filter exposed to cigarette smoke were eluted using isopropyl alcohol, and then evaporated and concentrated using a vacuum distillation device to analyze the total amount of tar materials adsorbed by GC-MS. The amount of tar attached is summarized in FIG. 7 for each component.

As a result of the analysis of the total amount of tar materials attached (accumulated) to the surface according to the number of exposures, it was observed that the adsorption-type activated carbon filter exceeded the adsorption limit within 3 exposures, and a breakthrough phenomenon appeared. That is, it was confirmed that the adsorption-type filter did not have tar decomposition performance, so that tar was adsorbed on the surface as it was, and the amount of adsorbed tar rapidly increased.

However, in the case of the oxidation catalyst filter according to an embodiment of the present invention, it was confirmed that significantly less tar material remained on the surface compared to activated carbon.

[Example 2]

Changes in catalyst surface properties were investigated by supporting manganese and cerium using CVC-TiO ₂ and conventional P25-TiO ₂ as supports, respectively.

[Table 1] below shows the specific surface area and crystal size of the synthesized nanocatalyst, respectively, and the SSA and particle size were measured by the BET method.

[Table 1]

As shown in [Table 1], the basic particle CVC-TiO ₂ has an SSA more than twice as large as that of conventional P25, and the basic particle size is also 14.6 nm, which is smaller than 31.6 nm.

In addition, in the case of the catalyst supporting Mn and Ce by impregnation on the TiO ₂ support, it can be confirmed that the specific surface area of the catalyst supported on the CVC-TiO ₂ is about 4 times larger than that of the conventional P25-TiO ₂ supported catalyst.

Since a large specific surface area and a small basic particle size can show more activity during the surface reaction of the catalyst, the CVC-TiO ₂ -based catalyst according to an embodiment of the present invention is more active on the catalyst surface than the conventional P25-TiO ₂ -based catalyst. It was confirmed that more active points were provided.

8 is an XRD analysis graph for confirming a crystal phase of a catalyst according to an embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 8, the catalysts prepared using CVC-TiO ₂ and CVC-TiO ₂ as supports showed only the anatase crystalline phase, and compared to catalysts using conventional P25-TiO ₂ supports, XRD peaks of lower intensity were obtained. showed up

In contrast, in the case of the catalyst synthesized with the conventional P25-TiO ₂ support, it was confirmed that the XRD peak intensity was high and both anatase and rutile crystal phases were present. Crystalline TIO ₂ shows excellent catalytic activity.

In addition, the crystallinity of the catalyst synthesized using the CVC-TiO ₂ support is further reduced when cerium is added, indicating that most of the manganese and cerium oxide catalysts are composed of very small amorphous particles compared to the CVC-TiO ₂ support. .

In general, the CeO ₂ crystal phase appears at 28.3~5°, but the Ce-MnO ₂ /P25-TiO ₂ catalyst showed a CeO ₂ peak at 28.3~5°.

However, in the Ce-MnO ₂ /CVC-TiO ₂ catalyst according to an embodiment of the present invention, the CeO ₂ peak does not appear, and as an amorphous crystal phase, it is better dispersed on the surface of the support and does not aggregate, so it is determined that no peak appears.

This indicates that the Ce-MnO ₂ /CVC-TiO ₂ catalyst has a strong interaction between the support and the supported catalyst, and this phenomenon can lead to improved catalytic performance due to the interaction between electrons or oxygen and oxygen ions.

9 is an XPS result graph for confirming the chemical bonding state of the catalysts synthesized according to an embodiment of the present invention, and the XPS results of the synthesized catalysts are shown in [Table 2] below.

In general, XPS analysis can analyze the chemical bonding state and elements of a catalyst by determining an energy level by measuring photoelectrons. The O _1s spectra fitting results using the XPS Gaussian model technique are shown in [Table 2] and FIG.

[Table 2]

The O _1s peak analyzed through XPS can be separated into lattice oxygen (529.2 eV, O ₁ ) of metal oxide, OH radical (531 eV, O ₂ ), and adsorbed oxygen (532 eV, O ₃ ) on the surface. Oxygen species used in the reaction are OH radicals and oxygen adsorbed on the surface of the nanocatalyst.

In addition, when the transition metal is supported, oxygen ions move through the lattice vacancy. As the lattice space according to the transition metal support increases, the movement of oxygen ions becomes more active, thereby increasing oxidation and reduction capabilities.

In catalytic reactions, oxidation-reduction reactions proceed mainly through oxygen exchange. Since the oxidation reaction at room temperature is also performed through oxygen transfer between the catalyst and the reactants, the ability to transfer oxygen from the surface of the catalyst is an important factor.

In addition, since the oxygen transfer ability due to the chemical interaction between the active metal and the support is excellent, it shows improved reaction activity. The peaks of OH radical (O ₂ ) and oxygen (O ₃ ) adsorbed on the surface of the nanocatalyst are active oxygen species directly involved in the oxidation reaction with pollutants.

Therefore, the content of OH radicals and oxygen radicals on the surface of the CVC-TiO2 support and catalysts using the same is about twice as high as that of the conventional P25-TiO2 support. The aforementioned two peaks are known as active oxygen species directly involved in the oxidation reaction with contaminants, and it can be confirmed that the oxidation reaction efficiency of the nanocatalyst is more excellent.

In addition, when cerium was added, the content of active oxygen species was the highest, which shows a high mobility of oxygen adsorbed on the catalyst surface. It can be confirmed that it acts as a positive effect on the oxidation reaction.

[Example 3]

10 is a photograph of a system for evaluating the performance of an air cleaning device according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 11 is a photograph of test filters for evaluating the performance of a filter according to an embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, various filters were applied to the air cleaning system to verify the difference in treatment performance according to the molecular weight of pollutants. Performance verification was carried out using a 1m ³ chamber, and the supply of contaminants was carried out under certain conditions by introducing cigarette smoke into the chamber.

The treatment performance was comparatively evaluated by applying natural reduction due to wall adsorption inside the chamber, activated carbon filter, Mn/CVC-TiO ₂ catalytic filter, and Ce-Mn/CVC-TiO ₂ nano filter.

When the air purifier without any filter was operated for 30 minutes after smoking a cigarette inside the chamber, it was confirmed that the air was naturally reduced by about 10% after 30 minutes due to adsorption on the wall.

As a result of conducting the experiment by operating the air purifier after applying a commercial activated carbon filter, it was confirmed that the treatment performance was about 60% after 30 minutes even for high molecular weight materials.

When the Ce-Mn/CVC-TiO ₂ nanocatalyst according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied, as shown in FIG. 12, it can be confirmed that the decomposition performance of 95% or more is exhibited after 30 minutes from a low molecular weight material to a high molecular weight material. there was.

Therefore, in the case of a catalyst coated filter with cerium added, the decomposition performance can be improved by more than 20% compared to the conventional one, which increases the active oxygen content on the catalyst surface and the active oxygen is evenly distributed on the filter surface, resulting in improved reactivity. because it becomes

In addition, the ozone introduced to generate active species oxygen during the reaction is decomposed in the catalyst filter and changed into oxygen radicals and oxygen molecules, and the ozone in the exhaust gas discharged after the treatment was measured to be less than 20 ppb, which is the recommended indoor environment.

With reference to the foregoing description, those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains will be able to understand that the present invention can be embodied in other specific forms without changing its technical spirit or essential features.

Therefore, it should be understood that the foregoing embodiments are illustrative in all respects and are not intended to limit the present invention to the above embodiments, and the scope of the present invention is set forth in the claims below rather than the foregoing detailed description. It is indicated by, and all changes or modifications derived from the meaning and scope of the claims and equivalent concepts should be construed as being included in the scope of the present invention.

The present invention replaces the existing activated carbon filter adsorption method with an environmental catalyst resistant to tobacco smoke and tar, and is effective in removing high-concentration VOCs in the air at low management costs and in small-scale facilities.

In addition, the present invention can be applied to various industrial sites to which an oxidative decomposition catalyst system can be applied, semiconductor industrial sites to process difficult-to-process substances among volatile organic compounds, local pollution facilities emitting large amounts of VOCs, and painting facilities.

1 air cleaning unit 10 housing
11 inner wall 12 outer wall
20 Air flow control part 21 Exhaust hole
22 inner frame 23 outer frame
24 Guide 30 Optical decomposition
40 Decomposition section 41 Mn and Ce nano catalyst filter
42 Activated carbon filter 111 Air inlet
112 passage 121 air outlet
A intake air B exhaust air

Claims (9)

As an integrated air purifying device for purifying air,
A housing including a cylindrical inner wall forming an air inlet and an outer wall forming a dust collecting space together with the inner wall;
an air flow controller disposed in the air inlet;
a photolysis unit for photolysis of the air that has passed through the air flow control unit;
a decomposition unit through which the photodegraded air passes; and
An air outlet formed on the outer wall and through which the air purified in the decomposition unit is discharged to the outside;
The decomposition unit includes a plurality of filters for filtering and decomposing contaminants contained in the air, and the plurality of filters are formed of only anatase crystalline phase through a chemical evaporation condensation (CVC) process on a CVC-TiO ₂ support formed of Mn and Ce An air purifying device characterized in that it is a filter supported with a nano-catalyst.
◈Claim 2 was abandoned when the registration fee was paid.◈ According to claim 1,
The air purifier according to claim 1 , wherein the air flow controller is a guide vane that sucks in air from the air inlet and generates a vortex in the air supplied to the photolysis unit.
◈Claim 3 was abandoned when the registration fee was paid.◈ According to claim 2,
The guide vane includes an inner frame having an exhaust hole in the inner center, an outer frame positioned at a predetermined distance from the inner frame,
and a guide piece installed at a predetermined interval between the inner frame and the outer frame and inclined inward toward a lower portion of the guide vane.
delete delete delete delete delete According to claim 1,
The air purifier, characterized in that the Mn and Ce nano-catalysts are supported on a support by an impregnation method.

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