KR102506448B1 - Method and apparatus of active complex spatial light modulation for ultra low noise holographic display - Google Patents

Abstract

An active complex spatial light modulation method and apparatus for an ultra-low-noise holographic display according to various embodiments, wherein a petal antenna including three petal patterns arranged on a substrate transmits light input to a center point of the petal antenna through the petal patterns. It may be configured to modulate with three-phase amplitude values corresponding to three phase intervals distinguished from the complex plane, and the petal antenna may have a point-symmetric shape with respect to a center point.

Description

Active complex spatial light modulation method and apparatus for ultra-low noise holographic display

Various embodiments relate to active complex spatial light modulation methods and apparatus for ultra-low noise holographic displays.

A hologram is known as the principle of the most perfect 3D display having both the effects of binocular parallax and monocular parallax, which are factors that allow a person to feel a three-dimensional effect. Research on holographic displays based on these principles is being actively conducted all over the world. The holographic display reproduces a 3D image based on the phase and amplitude of light input.

However, the holographic display as described above displays an image by modulating either the phase or amplitude of input light. Due to this, there is a problem in that an image displayed on the holographic display includes noise. In order to solve this problem, the holographic display may include a filtering optical system for removing noise. However, as the holographic display includes a filtering optical system, there are limitations in securing miniaturization, light weight, thinness, and mobility of the holographic display. Therefore, there is a need for a method for enabling a holographic display to display an image without noise without having a filtering optical system.

An active complex spatial light modulation device according to various embodiments is for an ultra-low noise holographic display, is arranged on a substrate and the substrate, divides a complex plane into three phase sections, and converts the input light into the phase sections. and a petal antenna including three petal patterns that modulate with three-phase amplitude values corresponding to , and the petal antenna may have a point-symmetric shape with respect to a center point of the petal antenna.

An operating method of an active complex spatial light modulator according to various embodiments is for an ultra-low noise holographic display, and a petal antenna including three petal patterns arranged on a substrate detects light input to a central point of the petal antenna. and modulating, by the petal antenna, the input light into three-phase amplitude values corresponding to three phase intervals distinguished through the petal patterns, wherein the petal antenna is point-symmetrical with respect to the center point. can have the shape of

A pixel structure of an active complex spatial light modulation device according to various embodiments is for an ultra-low-noise holographic display, is arranged on a substrate, divides a complex plane into three phase sections, and transmits the input light A petal antenna including three petal patterns modulated with three-phase amplitude values corresponding to the phase sections, wherein the petal antenna may have a point-symmetric shape with respect to a center point of the petal antenna.

According to various embodiments, in the active complex spatial light modulation device, three petal patterns divide a complex plane into three phase sections, and input light may be expressed as amplitude values corresponding to the phase sections. Accordingly, the phase and amplitude of the input light may be simultaneously modulated by the petal patterns. Through this, the holographic display can display an image without noise. Due to this, the holographic display can clearly display an image without noise without having a filtering optical system.

1 is a diagram illustrating an active complex spatial light modulation device according to various embodiments.
2 is a diagram for explaining a design principle of an active complex spatial light modulation device according to various embodiments.
3 is a diagram for explaining an operating method of an active complex spatial light modulation device according to various embodiments.
4, 5, and 6 are diagrams for describing characteristics of an active complex spatial light modulation device according to various embodiments.
4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10 are diagrams for explaining an effective width range and an effective length range of petal patterns in an active complex spatial light modulation device according to various embodiments. .
11 and 12 are diagrams for describing performance of an active complex spatial light modulation device according to an exemplary embodiment.
13, 14, and 15 are diagrams for describing performance of an active complex spatial light modulation device according to another exemplary embodiment.

Hereinafter, various embodiments of this document will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Various embodiments of this document and terms used therein are not intended to limit the technology described in this document to a specific embodiment, and should be understood to include various modifications, equivalents, and/or substitutes of the embodiment. In connection with the description of the drawings, like reference numerals may be used for like elements. Singular expressions may include plural expressions unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. In this document, expressions such as "A or B", "at least one of A and/or B", "A, B or C" or "at least one of A, B and/or C" refer to all of the items listed together. Possible combinations may be included. Expressions such as "first", "second", "first" or "second" may modify the elements in any order or importance, and are used only to distinguish one element from another. The components are not limited. When a (e.g., first) element is referred to as being "(functionally or communicatively) coupled to" or "connected to" another (e.g., second) element, that element refers to the other (e.g., second) element. It may be directly connected to the component or connected through another component (eg, a third component).

According to various embodiments, the holographic display may display a 3D image with ultra-low noise by using an active complex spatial light modulation device. In this case, the active complex spatial light modulation device may be configured to simultaneously control the phase and amplitude of light associated with an image. The active complex spatial light modulator may be configured to modulate input light into three-phase amplitude values corresponding to three phase intervals.

1 is a diagram illustrating an active complex spatial light modulation device 100 according to various embodiments. 2 is a diagram for explaining a design principle of an active complex spatial light modulation device 100 according to various embodiments. 3 is a diagram for explaining an operating method of the active complex spatial light modulation device 100 according to various embodiments.

Referring to FIG. 1 , an active complex spatial light modulation device 100 according to various embodiments is implemented in a pixel structure and may include a substrate 110 and a petal antenna 120 having a point-symmetric configuration. .

The substrate 110 may support the petal antenna 120 . For example, the substrate 110 may be formed of silicon dioxide. The substrate 110 may include a first surface, a second surface, and a third surface connecting the first surface and the second surface. For example, light associated with an image may pass from a first surface to a second surface.

The petal antenna 120 may be disposed on the substrate 110 . For example, the petal antenna 120 may be disposed on the second surface of the substrate 110 . Through this, light associated with an image may be input from the substrate 110 to the petal antenna 120 . Also, the feather antenna 120 may simultaneously modulate the phase and amplitude of the input light. In this case, the petal antenna 120 may have a shape of point symmetry with respect to the central point C of the petal antenna 120 .

The petal patterns 130, 140, and 150 divide the complex plane into three phase sections, and convert the input light into amplitude values A1, A2, and A3 of three phases corresponding to the phase sections. can express To this end, the petal antenna 120 may include three petal patterns 130, 140, and 150. Each of the petal patterns 130 , 140 , and 150 may have a point-symmetric shape with respect to the central point C. The petal patterns 130 , 140 , and 150 may intersect at the central point C. For example, the petal patterns 130, 140, and 150 may be inclined by 120 degrees (°) from each other. At this time, the amplitude values A1 , A2 , and A3 may be determined according to the size of the petal patterns 130 , 140 , and 150 . For example, the amplitude values A1 , A2 , and A3 may be adjusted by at least one of the width or length of the petal patterns 130 , 140 , and 150 .

In the case of active operation, an element (e.g. LCD) that actively modulates the amplitude of light waves is attached to each petal element (wing) of the fixed petal patterns 130, 140, and 150, and the three petal patterns 130, 140 , 150) to adjust the amplitude.

The petal patterns 130 , 140 , and 150 may include a first petal pattern 130 , a second petal pattern 140 , and a third petal pattern 150 respectively corresponding to the phase sections. For example, the second petal pattern 140 is tilted clockwise by 120 degrees from the first petal pattern 130, and the third petal pattern 150 is tilted clockwise by 120 degrees from the second petal pattern 140. can be tilted The phase intervals may include a first phase interval, a second phase interval and a third phase interval. For example, the first phase period corresponds to at least a portion of 0 degrees to 120 degrees, the second phase period corresponds to at least a portion of 120 degrees to 240 degrees, and the third phase period corresponds to at least a portion of 240 degrees to 360 degrees. It may correspond to at least some sections. The amplitude values A1, A2, and A3 may include a first amplitude value A1, a second amplitude value A2, and a third amplitude value A3. Here, the petal patterns 130, 140, and 150 may be designed to satisfy the following [Equation 1] based on the principle shown in FIG. 2 .

The first petal pattern 130 may detect a first phase section from input light and express the input light as a first amplitude value A1 corresponding to the first phase section.

When the petal patterns 130, 140, and 150 perform an active operation, an element (eg, LCD) that actively modulates the amplitude of light waves is installed in each petal element (wing) of the fixed petal patterns 130, 140, and 150. Attached, it is necessary to adjust the amplitude of the three petal patterns (130, 140, 150). Each of the petal patterns 130, 140, and 150 may include at least two petal elements. In each of the petal patterns 130 , 140 , and 150 , petal elements may be arranged point-symmetrically with respect to the central point C. For example, the petal elements may be arranged to extend radially from the central point C. For example, when each of the petal patterns 130, 140, and 150 includes two petal elements, the petal antenna 120 may be implemented in a hexa petal structure. According to an embodiment, at least one petal element among the petal patterns 130 , 140 , and 150 may be connected to each other at a central point C. For example, at least one of the petal patterns 130 , 140 , and 150 may have a rod shape penetrating the central point C. According to another embodiment, the petal elements of at least one of the petal patterns 130 , 140 , and 150 may be spaced apart from each other with the center point C interposed therebetween. For example, the petal elements of at least one of the petal patterns 130 , 140 , and 150 may be disposed opposite to each other with the center point C interposed therebetween. According to various embodiments, the active complex spatial light modulation device 100 expresses the input light as three-phase amplitude values A1, A2, and A3 based on three phase sections separated from the complex plane, and then , can be combined into a single complex value. Here, the input light is generated as right circular polarization (RCP) or left circular polarization (LCP) according to the phase difference between the x-axis component and the y-axis component of coherent light. It can be. As shown in FIG. 3, when the petal antenna 120 senses input light, the petal antenna 120 transmits the input light through petal patterns 130, 140, and 150 into three phase sections separated from the complex plane. It can be modulated with three-phase amplitude values (A1, A2, A3) corresponding to . Here, the petal antenna 120 may modulate the phase difference between the x-axis component and the y-axis component of the light transmitted through the petal antenna 120 in a cross polarization component opposite to the input light.

When the petal patterns 130, 140, and 150 perform passive operations, that is, when a fixed 3D hologram image is generated, the first amplitude value A1 may be determined according to the size of the first petal pattern 130. For example, the first amplitude value A1 may be adjusted by at least one of the width or length of the first petal pattern 130 . The second petal pattern 140 may detect a second phase period from input light and express the input light as a second amplitude value A2 corresponding to the second phase period. The second amplitude value A2 may be determined according to the size of the second petal pattern 140 . For example, the second amplitude value A2 may be adjusted by at least one of the width or length of the second petal pattern 140 . The third petal pattern 150 may detect a third phase section from input light and express the input light as a third amplitude value A3 corresponding to the third phase section. The third amplitude value A3 may be determined according to the size of the third petal pattern 150 . For example, the third amplitude value A3 may be adjusted by at least one of the width or length of the third petal pattern 150 .

4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10 show widths of petal patterns 130, 140, and 150 in the visible light band passive complex spatial light modulator 100 according to various embodiments. Effective interval and length These are drawings for explaining the valid interval. FIG. 4 is diagrams showing effective width and effective length sections of the petal patterns 130, 140, and 150. Referring to FIG. Here, FIG. 4 may show effective width and valid lengths of the petal patterns 130, 140, and 150 when the entire pixel period is 350 nm. 5 and 6 are diagrams illustrating verification results for the valid width section and the valid length section of FIG. 4 . 7, 8, 9, and 10 are diagrams illustrating modulation results of the petal patterns 130, 140, and 150 based on the effective width and effective length intervals of FIG.

Referring to FIG. 4 , valid widths and lengths of the petal patterns 130 , 140 , and 150 may be respectively defined. Amplitude values A1 , A2 , and A3 of the petal patterns 130 , 140 , and 150 may be determined according to the size of the petal patterns 130 , 140 , and 150 . At this time, the amplitude values A1, A2, and A3 may be adjusted by at least one of the widths or lengths of the petal patterns 130, 140, and 150. The effective width range of all the petal patterns 130, 140, and 150 is as shown in (a) of FIG. 4, and the effective length range of all the petal patterns 130, 140, and 150 is shown in (b) of FIG. may be the same as Here, in the width effective section of the petal patterns 130, 140, and 150, the phase difference between the cross-polarization components transmitted from the petal patterns 130, 140, and 150, respectively, is 120 degrees as shown in FIG. Meanwhile, in the effective length range of the petal patterns 130, 140, and 150, the phase difference between the cross-polarization components transmitted from the petal patterns 130, 140, and 150, respectively, is 120 degrees as shown in FIG. For example, the widths of the petal patterns 130, 140, and 150 may be adjusted to any one of approximately 0 nm to 60 nm, and the lengths of the petal patterns 130, 140, and 150 may be approximately 0 nm to 290 nm. It can be adjusted to any one value of nm.

For example, in the effective width range of the petal patterns 130, 140, and 150, the widths W1 and W1 of each of the petal patterns 130, 140, and 150 for expressing the amplitude values A1, A2, and A3 as 0.8, respectively. W2 and W3) may be determined according to the phase interval of 10 degrees as shown in Table 1 below. According to the first embodiment, as shown in (a) of FIG. 7, each of the petal patterns 130, 140, and 150 includes two petal elements, and each of the petal patterns 130, 140, and 150 includes a feather. Elements can be connected to each other at a central point (C). Here, the widths W1 , W2 , and W3 of the petal patterns 130 , 140 , and 150 may be determined based on Table 1 below. According to the first embodiment, a modulation result according to the petal patterns 130, 140, and 150 may exhibit continuity across phase sections as shown in FIG. 7(b). According to the second embodiment, as shown in (a) of FIG. 8, each of the petal patterns 130, 140, and 150 includes two petal elements, and each of the petal patterns 130, 140, and 150 includes a feather. The elements may be spaced apart from each other, with a central point (C) therebetween. Here, the widths W1 , W2 , and W3 of the petal patterns 130 , 140 , and 150 may be determined based on Table 1 below. According to the first embodiment, a modulation result according to the petal patterns 130, 140, and 150 may exhibit more improved continuity across phase sections as shown in FIG. 8(b).

For example, in the length validity period of the petal patterns 130, 140, and 150, the lengths (L1, L1, L2 and L3) may be determined according to the phase interval of 10 degrees as shown in Table 2 below. According to the first embodiment, as shown in (a) of FIG. 9, each of the petal patterns 130, 140, and 150 includes two petal elements, and each of the petal patterns 130, 140, and 150 includes a feather. Elements can be connected to each other at a central point (C). Here, the lengths L1, L2, and L3 of the petal patterns 130, 140, and 150 may be determined based on Table 2 below. According to the first embodiment, a modulation result according to the petal patterns 130, 140, and 150 may exhibit continuity across phase sections as shown in FIG. 9(b). According to the second embodiment, as shown in (a) of FIG. 10, each of the petal patterns 130, 140, and 150 includes two petal elements, and each of the petal patterns 130, 140, and 150 includes a petal. The elements may be spaced apart from each other, with a central point (C) therebetween. Here, the lengths L1, L2, and L3 of the petal patterns 130, 140, and 150 may be determined based on Table 2 below. According to the second embodiment, a modulation result according to the petal patterns 130, 140, and 150 may exhibit more improved continuity across phase sections as shown in FIG. 10(b).

11 and 12 are diagrams for describing performance of the active complex spatial light modulation device 100 according to an exemplary embodiment.

Referring to FIG. 11 , each of petal patterns 130 , 140 , and 150 of the active complex spatial light modulation device 100 according to an exemplary embodiment may include two petal elements. The petal elements of each of the petal patterns 130 , 140 , and 150 may be connected to each other at the central point C. Each of the petal patterns 130 , 140 , and 150 may have a point-symmetric shape with respect to the central point C. The petal patterns 130 , 140 , and 150 may intersect at the central point C.

As shown in (a) of FIG. 11 , the first petal pattern 130 detects a first phase section from the input light and sets the input light to a first amplitude value A1 corresponding to the first phase section. can be expressed as As shown in (b) of FIG. 11, the second petal pattern 140 detects a second phase period delayed by 120 degrees from the first phase period from the input light, and transmits the input light to the second phase period. It can be expressed as the corresponding second amplitude value A2. As shown in (c) of FIG. 11, the third petal pattern 150 detects a third phase period delayed by 120 degrees from the second phase period from the input light, and transmits the input light to the third phase period. It can be expressed as the corresponding third amplitude value A3.

Through this, as shown in (d) of FIG. 11, the petal patterns 130, 140, and 150 of the active complex spatial light modulation device 100 convert the amplitude values A1, A2, and A3 into one complex value. can be expressed in combination. Accordingly, by using the active complex spatial light modulator 100, the holographic display may display an ultra-low-noise image as shown in FIG. 12 . That is, the holographic display can clearly display an image without noise.

13, 14, and 15 are diagrams for explaining performance of the active complex spatial light modulation device 100 according to another exemplary embodiment. Referring to FIGS. 13, 14, and 15 , petal patterns 130, 140, and 150 of the active complex spatial light modulation device 100 according to another embodiment may each include at least two petal elements. Each of the petal patterns 130 , 140 , and 150 may have a point-symmetric shape with respect to the central point C. The petal patterns 130 , 140 , and 150 may intersect at the central point C. In some embodiments, at least one petal element among the petal patterns 130 , 140 , and 150 may be spaced apart from each other with the central point C interposed therebetween. In some embodiments, at least one petal element among the petal patterns 130 , 140 , and 150 may be connected to each other at the central point C.

Petal elements include both a wide range of phase retardation groups capable of producing three phase (eg 0 degree, 120 degree, 240 degree) phase delays.

As shown in (a) of FIG. 13, (a) of FIG. 14, and (a) of FIG. 15, when the petal antenna 120 senses the input light, the petal antenna 120 transmits the input light to the petals. It can be expressed as three-phase amplitude values (A1, A2, A3) corresponding to the three phase sections distinguished through the patterns 130, 140, and 150. The first petal pattern 130 may detect a first phase section from the input light and express the input light as a first amplitude value A1 corresponding to the first phase section. The second petal pattern 140 may detect a second phase interval delayed by 120 degrees from the first phase interval from the input light and express the input light as a second amplitude value A2 corresponding to the second phase interval. there is. The third petal pattern 150 can detect a third phase section delayed by 120 degrees from the second phase section from the input light and express the input light as a third amplitude value A3 corresponding to the third phase section. there is.

Through this, the petal patterns 130 , 140 , and 150 of the active complex spatial light modulation device 100 may be expressed by combining the amplitude values A1 , A2 , and A3 into one complex value. Accordingly, by using the active complex spatial light modulator 100, the holographic display is an ultra-low-noise image as shown in FIGS. 13(b), 14(b), and 15(b). can be displayed. That is, the holographic display can clearly display an image without noise.

An active complex spatial light modulation device 100 according to various embodiments is for an ultra-low noise holographic display, is arranged on a substrate 110 and the substrate 110, divides a complex plane into three phase sections, A petal antenna 120 including three petal patterns 130, 140, and 150 that modulates input light into three-phase amplitude values A1, A2, and A3 corresponding to phase sections may be included.

According to various embodiments, the active complex spatial light modulation device 100 may be implemented in a pixel structure.

According to various embodiments, the petal antenna 120 may have a point-symmetric shape with respect to the central point C of the petal antenna 120 .

According to various embodiments, the petal patterns 130 , 140 , and 150 may intersect at the central point C.

According to various embodiments, each of the petal patterns 130 , 140 , and 150 may have a point-symmetric shape with respect to the central point C.

According to various embodiments, the petal patterns 130, 140, and 150 may be inclined by 120 degrees from each other.

According to various embodiments, each of the petal patterns 130 , 140 , and 150 may include at least two petal elements arranged point-symmetrically with respect to the central point C.

According to one embodiment, at least any two of the petal elements may be connected to each other at a central point (C).

According to another embodiment, at least any two of the petal elements may be spaced apart from each other with a center point (C) therebetween.

According to various embodiments, the amplitude values A1 , A2 , and A3 may be adjusted according to at least one of the widths or lengths of the petal patterns 130 , 140 , and 150 .

In the method of operating the active complex spatial light modulator 100 according to various embodiments, the petal antenna 120 including the three petal patterns 130, 140, and 150 arranged on the substrate 110 is a petal antenna ( 120) and the petal antenna 120 transmits the input light through the petal patterns 130, 140, and 150 to the three-phase amplitude corresponding to the three phase sections distinguished from the complex plane. Modulating to values A1, A2, A3.

According to various embodiments, the amplitude values may be adjusted according to transmittance of the display pixels by attaching an active amplitude modulation display pixel to the petal patterns.

According to various embodiments, in the active complex spatial light modulator 100, the three petal patterns 130, 140, and 150 not only divide the complex plane into three phase sections, but also divide the input light into phase sections. It can be expressed as amplitude values (A1, A2, A3) corresponding to . Accordingly, the phase and amplitude of the input light may be simultaneously modulated by the petal patterns. Through this, the holographic display can display an image without noise. Due to this, the holographic display can clearly display an image without noise without having a filtering optical system.

Although described with respect to various embodiments of this document, various modifications are possible without departing from the scope of various embodiments of this document. Therefore, the scope of the various embodiments of this document should not be limited to the described embodiments and should be defined by not only the scope of the claims to be described later, but also those equivalent to the scope of these claims.

Claims (10)

at least one pixel for an ultra low noise holographic display;
A substrate including a first surface on which light is incident and a second surface on which the at least one pixel is disposed as a surface facing the first surface;
Each of the at least one pixel,
a first optical pattern including at least two first optical elements spaced apart from each other with a central point interposed therebetween and disposed point-symmetrically;
a second optical pattern including at least two second optical elements spaced apart from each other with the central point interposed therebetween and arranged point-symmetrically; and
a third optical pattern including at least two third optical elements spaced apart from each other with the central point interposed therebetween and disposed point-symmetrically; Including,
The first, second, and third optical patterns divide a complex plane into three phase sections, and light inputted from the first surface through the second surface corresponds to the three phase sections. An active complex spatial light modulation device that modulates with three-phase amplitude values. According to claim 1,
The first optical pattern modulates the input light with a first amplitude value, the second optical pattern modulates the input light with a second amplitude value, and the third optical pattern modulates the input light. An active complex spatial light modulator that modulates with 3 amplitude values. According to claim 1,
wherein the first, second, and third optical patterns are tilted by 120 degrees from each other. According to claim 1,
The three phase sections include first, second, and third phase sections detected by the first, second, and third optical patterns, respectively;
wherein the second phase interval is delayed by 120 degrees from the first phase interval, and the third phase interval is delayed by 120 degrees from the second phase interval. According to claim 1,
Wherein the amplitude values are adjusted according to at least one of widths or lengths of the first, second, and third optical patterns. According to claim 1,
The at least two first optical elements have the same width and length, the at least two second optical elements have the same width and length, and the at least two third optical elements have the same width and length. , an active complex spatial light modulator. According to claim 1,
The at least two first optical elements modulate the input light with the same phase and amplitude values, the at least two second optical elements modulate the input light with the same phase and amplitude values, and third optical elements modulate the input light with the same phase and amplitude values. According to claim 1,
An active complex spatial light modulation device, wherein active amplitude modulation optical elements are provided on the first, second, and third optical patterns, and the amplitude values are adjusted according to transmittance of the active amplitude modulation optical elements. According to claim 8,
The active complex spatial light modulating device of claim 1, wherein the active amplitude modulating optical element comprises a liquid crystal display element. According to claim 1,
the first optical pattern includes two first optical elements, the second optical pattern includes two second optical elements, and the third optical pattern includes two third optical elements;
wherein the first, second, and third optical elements are arranged in a 2 X 3 matrix form.

Images