KR102497106B1 - A system to detect explosion potential of high-pressure vessel by using seismic waves and node network - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a system of detecting an explosion of a high-pressure vessel by using seismic waves and an AE sensor node network, wherein a plurality of AE sensor nodes are installed to be attached to a surface of a high-pressure vessel (high-pressure tank such as a hydrogen tank) by a node network method to detect seismic waves generated when an inner structure of the high-pressure vessel is changed due to an increase in inner pressure of the high-pressure vessel, thereby providing signal processing condition information to the plurality of AE sensor nodes by a sequential network method. Accordingly, the present invention has an effect of easily correcting a signal processing condition of the AE sensor nodes to be suitable for a condition on the spot in which the high-pressure vessel is installed and an effect of diagnosing the explosion potential of the high-pressure vessel by using seismic wave information for analysis generated by the plurality of AE sensor nodes according to the same signal processing condition, thereby diagnosing the explosion potential of the high-pressure vessel in an accurate and reliable manner. The system of detecting an explosion of a high-pressure vessel by using seismic waves and an AE sensor node network includes a high-pressure vessel (100), a plurality of AE sensor nodes (200), a control and determination node (300), and a power line communication cable (400).

Description

A system to detect explosion potential of high-pressure vessel by using seismic waves and node network}

The present invention relates to a high-pressure vessel explosion detection system using elastic waves and an AE sensor node network. A plurality of AE sensor nodes are attached and installed on the surface of the high-pressure container in a node network manner to detect the generated elastic waves, and signal processing condition information is provided to the plurality of AE sensor nodes in a sequential network manner, so that the plurality of AE sensor nodes Technology to generate seismic wave information for analysis that can diagnose the possibility of explosion of a high-pressure vessel under the same signal processing conditions, and to diagnose the possibility of explosion of a high-pressure vessel by using seismic wave information for analysis generated by multiple AE sensor nodes It is about.

In modern society, as science and technology develop, environmental pollution and global warming are becoming more serious day by day. One of the causes of environmental pollution and global warming is exhaust gas emitted from vehicles, ships, aircraft, power plants, and factories that use fossil fuels. and carbon dioxide contained in the exhaust gas.

Therefore, in order to reduce carbon dioxide emissions, it is necessary to lower the proportion of fossil fuels widely used in industry. To this end, electric vehicles are being developed and supplied to replace internal combustion engine vehicles that use gasoline and diesel. In the case of power plants, solar heat, New and renewable energy power plants using wind power and tidal power have been built and operated.

On the other hand, it is attempting a transition to a hydrogen economy system that uses eco-friendly hydrogen as the main energy source out of a carbon economy system centered on fossil fuels.

In particular, in order to activate the hydrogen economy system, safety inspection of hydrogen storage tanks that store high-pressure hydrogen must be preceded. To this end, various technologies for safety inspection of hydrogen storage tanks are being developed, one of which is acoustic emission It is a safety inspection of hydrogen storage tanks using Emission technology.

When a high-pressure gas higher than the design strength of the high-pressure vessel is applied to the high-pressure vessel storing the high-pressure gas, the high pressure of the high-pressure gas, which increases beyond the design strength of the high-pressure vessel, first causes internal structural displacement called elastic deformation, and elasticity If high-pressure gas beyond the design strength is continuously applied even after deformation, internal structural displacement called plastic deformation occurs. After plastic deformation, continuous application of high-pressure gas causes crack generation in cracks generated during plastic deformation to exceed the crack generation critical point, and the high-pressure vessel explodes. an accident occurs

This is not a problem if the displacement of the internal structure of the high-pressure vessel due to the increase in pressure of the high-pressure gas such as hydrogen gas is an elastic deformation (transformation in which the shape of the high-pressure vessel returns to its original shape when the high pressure is removed, the displacement of the internal structure of the high-pressure vessel disappears). , In the case of plastic deformation (deformation in which the shape of the high-pressure container does not return to its original state because the displacement of the internal structure of the high-pressure container does not disappear even when the high pressure is removed), the increase in pressure of the high-pressure gas acts as a serious factor in the explosion of the high-pressure container.

As the pressure of the high-pressure gas stored inside increases gradually, the internal structural displacement of the high-pressure vessel occurs, which is invisible to the eye. Due to the nature of the internal structural displacement of the high-pressure vessel, which is invisible to the naked eye, cracks are the final result of the internal structural displacement. After the occurrence, the seriousness of the displacement of the internal structure of the high-pressure container is recognized, but when the crack generation is visually recognized, it is too late to prevent the explosion of the high-pressure container because it is just before the high-pressure container explodes.

Therefore, there is a need to diagnose the possibility of explosion of the high-pressure container in advance before a serious situation occurs immediately before the explosion of the high-pressure container.

Acoustic emission inspection, which is one of the inspection methods for the safety inspection of high-pressure containers such as hydrogen storage tanks, is also called the AE inspection method. It is a non-destructive testing method that measures , and has the advantage of being able to detect minute deformations or cracks in the test object at an early stage.

Conventionally, a non-destructive inspection method is used in which a plurality of acoustic emission sensors (AE Sensors) are installed on an object to be inspected and defects of the object are measured by analyzing elastic waves generated when the object is deformed, cracked, leaked, or destroyed. The non-destructive inspection method using the AE sensor measures and analyzes the elastic wave only according to the signal processing conditions set in the AE sensor, so the signal processing is suitable for the on-site situation. It is difficult to modify the conditions (in order to modify the signal processing condition, it is cumbersome to have to replace the AE Sensors attached to the test object one by one), and also, in advance When set signal processing conditions are different, a plurality of seismic analysis results collected from the same test object do not match each other, making it difficult to accurately analyze defects on the test object.

Therefore, in order to improve the conventional problems described above, the present invention provides a plurality of devices to detect elastic waves generated by internal structural defects of a high-pressure container (such as a hydrogen tank) as the internal pressure of the high-pressure container (such as a hydrogen tank) increases. AE sensor nodes are attached to the surface of the high-pressure vessel in a node network manner, and signal processing condition information is provided to a plurality of AE sensor nodes in a sequential network manner so that the plurality of AE sensor nodes can detect the high-pressure vessel according to the same signal processing condition. It is intended to generate seismic wave information for analysis that can diagnose the possibility of explosion, and to propose a technique for diagnosing the possibility of explosion of a high-pressure vessel by using the seismic wave information for analysis generated by multiple AE sensor nodes. The following are prior art related to this.

1. Republic of Korea Patent Registration No. 10-0915247 Positioning device for sound emission sensor 2. Republic of Korea Patent Registration No. 10-1957261 sensor installation tool 3. Republic of Korea Patent Registration No. 10-2045345 sensor installation tool

The present invention uses a plurality of AE sensor nodes in a node network manner to detect elastic waves generated by internal structural defects of a high-pressure container (such as a high-pressure tank such as a hydrogen tank) caused by an increase in the internal pressure of the high-pressure container. Seismic wave information for analysis that can be attached to the surface and provide signal processing condition information to multiple AE sensor nodes in a sequential network manner so that multiple AE sensor nodes can diagnose the possibility of explosion of a high-pressure container according to the same signal processing condition It aims to be able to create.

In addition, an object of the present invention is to diagnose the possibility of explosion of a high-pressure container using seismic wave information for analysis generated by a plurality of AE sensor nodes.

In order to achieve the above object, the high-pressure vessel explosion detection system using the elastic wave and the AE sensor node network of the present invention,

a high-pressure container 100 in which high-pressure gas is stored;

A wave generated in the high-pressure container 100 is detected, and a seismic wave signal is extracted from the detected wave according to the signal processing condition information provided by the control/determination node 300 to generate seismic wave information for analysis, and the generated seismic wave information for analysis a plurality of AE sensor nodes 200 installed in contact with the surface of the high-pressure container 100 to form a node network so that elastic wave information is transmitted to the control/decision node 300 in a network manner;

Among the plurality of AE sensor nodes 200, the front AE sensor node (#1) provides power and signal processing condition information, and among the plurality of AE sensor nodes 200, the signal processing from the rear AE sensor node (#N) a control/judgment node 300 that receives condition information and elastic wave information for analysis generated by the plurality of AE sensor nodes 200, validates the transmitted elastic wave information for analysis, and determines the possibility of explosion of the high-pressure container;

It is characterized by including a power line communication cable 400 interconnecting the plurality of AE sensor nodes 200 and the control/determination node 300.

The present invention uses a plurality of AE sensor nodes in a node network manner to detect elastic waves generated by internal structural defects of a high-pressure container (such as a high-pressure tank such as a hydrogen tank) caused by an increase in the internal pressure of the high-pressure container. By attaching to the surface and providing signal processing condition information to a number of AE sensor nodes in a sequential network manner, it is possible to easily modify the signal processing conditions of AE sensor nodes according to the site situation where the high-pressure vessel is installed. to provide.

In addition, the present invention can diagnose the possibility of explosion of a high-pressure container by using seismic wave information for analysis generated by a plurality of AE sensor nodes under the same signal processing conditions, thereby accurately and reliably diagnosing the possibility of explosion of a high-pressure container. provides

1 is an overall configuration diagram of the present invention
2 is a node network configuration diagram of the present invention
3 is a detailed configuration diagram of the AE sensor node 200 of the present invention
4 is a detailed configuration diagram of the sensing unit 220 of the present invention
5 is a detailed configuration diagram of the amplifier 230 of the present invention
6 is a detailed configuration diagram of the control/determination node 300 of the present invention
7 is an example of a graph of the occurrence frequency per unit time of an elastic wave signal generated in chronological order in a metal structure to which an external stress is applied and an accumulation graph of the occurrence of an elastic wave in which the frequency of occurrence is accumulated
8 is an exemplary view of a container state display unit 340 of the present invention
9 is a detailed configuration diagram of a power line communication cable 400 of the present invention
10 is an exemplary view of detecting a defect occurrence location of the present invention

An embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The high-pressure vessel explosion detection system (10, hereinafter 'the present invention') using the elastic wave and AE sensor node network of the present invention is the internal structure of the high-pressure vessel (high-pressure tank, such as a hydrogen tank, etc.) generated according to the increase in the internal pressure of the high-pressure vessel A plurality of AE sensor nodes are attached and installed on the surface of a high-pressure container in a node network method to detect elastic waves generated by defects, and signal processing condition information can be provided to a plurality of AE sensor nodes in a sequential network method. Diagnose the possibility of explosion of a high-pressure vessel by using seismic wave information generated by multiple AE sensor nodes under the same signal processing conditions as the effect of easily modifying the signal processing conditions of the AE sensor nodes according to the site situation where the vessel is installed As an invention that provides the effect of accurately and reliably diagnosing the possibility of explosion of a high-pressure vessel, a high-pressure vessel 100, a plurality of AE sensor nodes 200, a control / judgment node 300, a power line communication cable It is characterized by including (400).

Specifically, the high-pressure container explosion detection system using the elastic wave and the AE sensor node network of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1,

a high-pressure container 100 in which high-pressure gas is stored;

A wave generated in the high-pressure container 100 is detected, and a seismic wave signal is extracted from the detected wave according to the signal processing condition information provided by the control/determination node 300 to generate seismic wave information for analysis, and the generated seismic wave information for analysis a plurality of AE sensor nodes 200 installed in contact with the surface of the high-pressure container 100 to form a node network so that elastic wave information is transmitted to the control/decision node 300 in a network manner;

Among the plurality of AE sensor nodes 200, the front AE sensor node (#1) provides power and signal processing condition information, and among the plurality of AE sensor nodes 200, the signal processing from the rear AE sensor node (#N) a control/judgment node 300 that receives condition information and elastic wave information for analysis generated by the plurality of AE sensor nodes 200, validates the transmitted elastic wave information for analysis, and determines the possibility of explosion of the high-pressure vessel;

It is characterized by including a power line communication cable 400 interconnecting the plurality of AE sensor nodes 200 and the control/determination node 300.

The high-pressure container 100 is configured to store a high-pressure gas such as hydrogen gas therein, and is formed to have a certain size and thickness so that the high-pressure gas is stored.

In addition, the high-pressure vessel 100 is characterized in that it has a design strength to sufficiently withstand the pressure of the high-pressure gas stored in the internal space and is made of a metal material with excellent elastic wave transmission characteristics.

When a high-pressure gas is applied to the high-pressure container 100 storing a high-pressure gas such as hydrogen gas, when the pressure of the applied high-pressure gas increases to a pressure higher than the pressure that increases the internal volume of the high-pressure container 100, the high-pressure container first , Internal structural displacement called elastic deformation occurs, and if the high-pressure gas continues to increase after elastic deformation, internal structural displacement called plastic deformation occurs. , If the high-pressure gas continues to increase after cracks occur, cracks, which are visible defects, occur, and after cracks occur, if the high-pressure gas is concentrated in a specific crack, the high-pressure container is ruptured and an explosion occurs.

The increase in pressure of the high-pressure gas in a state where the internal structural displacement of the high-pressure container is elastic deformation is not a problem, but the increase in pressure of the high-pressure gas in a state where the internal structural displacement of the high-pressure container is plastic deformation may lead to an explosion of the high-pressure container. acts as a serious factor in

Elastic deformation, a term used in the present invention, refers to the displacement of the internal structure of the high-pressure container, that is, the lattice structure of metal atoms, which is restored to its original state when the high pressure is removed, and the plastic deformation is the metal even when the high pressure is removed. It refers to the displacement of the internal structure of a high-pressure vessel that does not return to its original state because the deformation of the lattice structure of atoms does not disappear.

As the pressure of the high-pressure gas stored therein gradually increases, the internal structure of the high-pressure vessel 100 is displaced invisible to the naked eye. In other words, internal structural displacement of elastic deformation → plastic deformation → crack generation → crack generation occurs.

Due to the nature of the displacement of the internal structure of the high-pressure vessel, which proceeds invisible to the naked eye, such as elastic deformation → plastic deformation → crack generation, the seriousness of the internal structural displacement of the high-pressure vessel is recognized only when cracks, which are visible defects, are the final result of the internal structural displacement. will do However, when the occurrence of cracks is visually recognized, it is too late to prevent the explosion of the high-pressure container because it is just before the explosion of the high-pressure container.

In general, an elastic wave is a wave generated when an object's internal structural displacement (deformation of a lattice structure, which is a bonding structure of metal atoms) occurs, and as the pressure of the high-pressure gas stored inside the high-pressure vessel 100 of the present invention increases, the high-pressure wave Internal structure displacement of the container occurs (elastic deformation → plastic deformation → crack generation), and elastic waves having various occurrence frequencies (occurrence frequency per unit time) are generated according to the occurrence of internal structural displacement of the high-pressure container.

Therefore, the present invention detects and detects elastic waves generated in a high-pressure container in which the internal pressure increases by using the fact that elastic waves having various occurrence frequencies (generation frequency per unit time) are generated in the high-pressure container according to the increase in the internal pressure of the high-pressure container. This is to diagnose the possibility of explosion of the high-pressure container in advance and warn the manager before a serious situation such as an explosion of the high-pressure container occurs.

The AE sensor node 200 detects the elastic wave generated from the high-pressure container 100, and upon detecting the elastic wave, generates and generates elastic wave information for analysis according to the signal processing condition information provided by the control/determination node 300 It consists of a plurality of nodes installed in contact with the surface of the high-pressure vessel 100 to form a node network so that the acoustic wave information for analysis is transmitted to the control / decision node 300 in a network manner, and as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the tip AE sensor It includes a node (#1) and a downstream AE sensor node (#N).

The high-pressure container 100 is a structure such as a hydrogen tank, and may be a structure in which structural displacement and structural defects may occur when excessively high pressure is applied. There is a risk of deformation, cracking, leakage, or destruction, and structural defects occur periodically. It is a subject that requires safety testing such as diagnosis.

The plurality of AE sensor nodes 200 installed in the high-pressure vessel 100 use an acoustic emission test method, a non-destructive test method, to detect elastic waves generated when the elastic wave measurement target is deformed, cracked, leaked, or destroyed and generate elastic wave information for analysis including an elastic wave signal that is an electrical signal for the detected elastic wave.

At this time, a plurality of AE sensor nodes 200 are installed on the surface of the high-pressure vessel 100 in a surface contact state so as to measure elastic waves generated in the high-pressure vessel 100 as a whole without omission.

That is, the elastic wave measurement range that can be measured by one AE sensor node 200 is limited, so in the case of a large high-pressure vessel 100 having a large surface area, one AE sensor node 200 generates in the large high-pressure vessel 100 It is not possible to measure the elastic wave as a whole without omission.

Therefore, in order to measure the elastic wave as a whole without omission, multiple elastic wave measurements must be performed on the high-pressure vessel 100, which is the elastic wave measurement target, and for this purpose, as shown in FIG. 1, on the surface of the high-pressure vessel 100, the elastic wave measurement target, to form a node network. Multiple elastic waves are measured by installing a plurality of AE sensor nodes 200 .

In particular, the plurality of AE sensor nodes 200 include a front AE sensor node #1 and a rear AE sensor node #N, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 .

Among the plurality of AE sensor nodes 200, the leading AE sensor node (#1) is a sensor node that receives power and signal processing condition information from the control/determination node 300, and among the plurality of AE sensor nodes 200, The downstream AE sensor node #N is a sensor node that provides signal processing condition information and elastic wave information for analysis generated by the plurality of AE sensor nodes 200 to the control/determination node 300 .

Specific characteristics of the AE sensor node 200 will be described with reference to FIG. 3 .

As the AE sensor node 200 is shown in FIG. 3,

A node housing 210 formed in an inner space and installed in contact with the surface of the high-pressure vessel 100;

It is installed in contact with the surface of the high-pressure vessel 100 in the inner space of the node housing 210 or on the outer periphery of the node housing 210 to sense a wave transmitted from the high-pressure vessel 100 and generate a wave signal for the detected wave. A sensing unit 220 that generates, amplifies, and provides the data to the DAQ unit 230;

A DAQ unit 230 installed in the inner space of the node housing 210, extracting only elastic wave signals from the wave signals provided by the sensing unit 200, and generating elastic wave information for analysis including the extracted elastic wave signals;

A network input port 240 formed on the node housing 210 to which the power line communication cable 400 is connected;

A network output port 250 formed on the node housing 210 to which the power line communication cable 400 is connected;

Power and signal processing condition information input through the network input port 240, elastic wave information for analysis transmitted by neighboring AE sensor nodes, and elastic wave information for analysis generated by the DAQ unit 230 are transmitted through the network output port 250 It is characterized in that it includes a data transmission control unit 260 that transmits to the outside through.

The node housing 210 has an internal space in which the DAQ unit 230 is installed, and is installed in contact with the surface of the high-pressure container 100.

That is, the node housing 210 protects the DAQ unit 230 installed in the internal space from the external environment, and when the sensing unit 220 is installed in the internal space, also protects the sensing unit 220 from the external environment.

The sensing unit 220 is installed in contact with the surface of the high-pressure vessel 100 in the inner space of the node housing 210 or in the outer periphery of the node housing 210 to detect and detect waves transmitted from the high-pressure vessel 100. This is a configuration in which a wave signal for the generated wave is generated, amplified, and provided to the DAQ unit 230.

Specifically, the sensing unit 220, as shown in FIG. 4,

A sensor housing 221 into which a preamplifier-integrated AE sensor 222 is inserted and installed inside;

It is installed inside the sensor housing 221, has a sensing surface 2221 for detecting a wave transmitted from the high-pressure container 100, and generates and amplifies a wave signal for the detected wave. A preamp-integrated AE sensor ( 222) and,

In order to increase the reception rate of the wave transmitted from the high-pressure vessel 100, it is formed on the sensing surface 2221 of the preamplifier-integrated AE sensor 222 and has a certain area in contact with the surface of the high-pressure vessel 100. A wave impedance matching member 223;

It is characterized in that it includes a signal extraction terminal 224 that allows the wave signal generated by the preamplifier-integrated AE sensor 222 to be extracted to the outside.

The sensor housing 221 has a configuration in which a preamplifier-integrated AE sensor 222 is inserted and installed inside, and the preamplifier-integrated AE sensor 222 inserted into the sensor housing 221 is installed by the node housing 210 described above. It is primarily protected from impact transmitted from the outside, and is secondarily protected from impact transmitted from the outside by the sensor housing 221 .

The preamplifier-integrated AE sensor 222 is installed inside the sensor housing 221, has a sensing surface 2221 for detecting a wave transmitted from the high-pressure container 100, and generates a wave signal for the detected wave. It is a composition that creates and amplifies.

The preamp-integrated AE sensor 222 is characterized in that it is an acoustic emission sensor. In order to sense the waves generated in the high-pressure container 100, a sensing surface 2221 is formed on the preamplifier-integrated AE sensor 222.

Waves detected by the preamplifier-integrated AE sensor 222 may include vibration waves generated by external physical factors and noise waves generated by environmental factors in addition to elastic waves generated when structural displacement or defects of the high-pressure container 100 occur. there is.

The preamplifier-integrated AE sensor 222 generates a wave signal for the detected wave, and the preamplifier-integrated AE sensor 222 has an integrated preamplifier that amplifies the wave signal, thereby amplifying the generated wave signal. .

The wave impedance matching member 223 is formed on the sensing surface 2221 of the preamplifier-integrated AE sensor 222 to increase the reception rate of the wave transmitted from the high pressure vessel 100, and the surface of the high pressure vessel 100 It is composed of alumina material having a certain contact area.

When the wave meets another medium, a wave reflection phenomenon occurs in which a part of the wave is reflected. The high-pressure container 100 When a wave is transmitted to the preamplifier-integrated AE sensor 222, a wave reflection phenomenon occurs in which a part of the wave is reflected from the contact surface due to the characteristics of different media, so the wave is not 100% transmitted to the preamplifier-integrated AE sensor 222.

Therefore, it is necessary to minimize wave reflection between the high-pressure container 100, which is a different medium, and the sensing surface 2221 of the preamplifier-integrated AE sensor 222, and a component for this is the wave impedance matching member 223.

As shown in FIG. 4 , the wave impedance matching member 223 is formed on the sensing surface 2221 of the AE sensor 222 integrated with the preamplifier.

When the wave impedance matching member 223 made of alumina is present between the high-pressure container 100 and the sensing surface 2221 of the preamplifier-integrated AE sensor 222, the case where the wave impedance matching member 223 is not installed Since more waves can be received by the preamplifier-integrated AE sensor 222, the wave reception rate is increased.

Of course, some wave reflection also occurs between the wave impedance matching member 223 made of alumina and the sensing surface 2221 of the preamp-integrated AE sensor 222, but in the high-pressure container 100, the wave impedance matching member made of alumina ( 223) is much larger than the amount of waves transmitted to the sensing face 2221 of the preamplifier-integrated AE sensor 222 in the high-pressure vessel 100 without the wave impedance matching member 223, As a result, the amount of waves received by the preamplifier-integrated AE sensor 222 increases when the wave impedance matching member 223 is present than when the wave impedance matching member 223 is not present, and the wave reception rate of the preamplifier-integrated AE sensor increases. It rises.

The signal extraction terminal 224 is configured to allow the wave signal generated and amplified by the preamplifier-integrated AE sensor 222 to be extracted to the outside, and functions as a kind of connector to which a signal transmission line is coupled, and the signal extraction terminal 224 The elastic wave signal extracted through ) is provided to the amplifier 230 and amplified.

In particular, when the sensing unit 220 is installed in contact with the surface of the high-pressure vessel 100 around the outside of the node housing 210 as shown in B of FIG. 2, the wave signal extracted through the signal extraction terminal 224 An input sensing data input port 280 is formed in the node housing 210, and a wave signal input through the sensing data input port 280 is provided to the DAQ unit 230 installed in the inner space of the node housing 210. .

The DAQ unit 230 is installed in the inner space of the node housing 210, extracts only the elastic wave signal from the wave signal provided by the sensing unit 220, and generates elastic wave information for analysis including the extracted elastic wave signal. am.

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 5, the DAQ unit 230

a cylindrical DAQ board housing 231 in which a hollow 2311 is formed so that the DAQ board 232 can be installed therein;

It is installed inside the DAQ board housing 310 and extracts only the elastic wave signal from the wave signal provided by the sensing unit 220 according to the signal processing condition information provided by the control/determination node 300, and the extracted elastic wave signal and a DAQ board 232 generating seismic wave information for analysis including unique identification information of the AE sensor node;

It is characterized by including a slide groove 233 of a certain length formed in the hollow 2311 so that the DAQ board 232 can be inserted into the hollow 2311 formed inside the DAQ board housing 310 in a sliding manner. .

Referring to FIG. 5 , the DAQ board housing 231 has a cylindrical shape in which a hollow 2311 is formed so that the DAQ board 320 can be installed therein.

That is, the DAQ board housing 231 protects the FPGA chip 2321 mounted on the DAQ board 232 inserted into the hollow 2311 formed inside from the external environment.

Circuits sensitive to the external environment are designed in the FPGA chip 2321 and must be protected from the external environment. To this end, the DAQ board 232 on which the FPGA chip 2321 is mounted is inserted into the DAQ board housing 231. To form a hollow 2311 in the DAQ board housing 231.

Referring to FIG. 5 , the DAQ board 232 is installed inside the DAQ board housing 310 and generates waves provided by the sensing unit 200 according to signal processing condition information provided by the control/determination node 300. It is a component that extracts only the elastic wave signal from the signal and generates elastic wave information for analysis including the extracted elastic wave signal and unique identification information of the AE sensor node, and is formed in a board type.

The DAQ board 232 includes an FPGA that extracts only the elastic wave signal from the wave signal provided by the sensing unit 200 according to signal processing condition information (eg, sampling condition, amplification gain condition, etc.) provided by the control/determination node 300. The chip 2321 is mounted. Since the FPGA chip 2321 has a designed circuit and is sensitive to the external environment, it is inserted into the hollow 2311 formed inside the DAQ board housing 231 to be protected.

The FPGA chip 2321 mounted on the DAQ board 232 has a circuit designed to extract only the elastic wave signal from the wave signal transmitted from the sensing unit 200 using frequency filtering and threshold voltage level adjustment.

The wave signal transmitted from the sensing unit 220 includes a vibration wave signal generated by an external physical factor and a noise wave signal generated by an environmental factor, in addition to the elastic wave signal generated when the structural displacement or defect of the high-pressure container 100 occurs. However, the FPGA chip 2321 extracts only the elastic wave signal generated when the structural displacement or defect of the high pressure vessel occurs from the wave signal transmitted from the sensing unit 220 by using frequency filtering and threshold voltage level adjustment. At this time, the elastic wave signal is extracted according to signal processing condition information (eg, sampling condition, amplification gain condition, etc.) provided by the control/determination node 300 .

The acoustic wave signal extracted by the FPGA chip 2321 is characterized in that it is an elastic wave in a band of 1 kHz to 1 MHz.

5, the slide groove 233 has a certain length formed in the hollow 2311 so that the DAQ board 232 can be inserted into the hollow 2311 formed inside the DAQ board housing 231 in a sliding manner. It is an insertion guide groove.

The rectangular board type DAQ board 232 slides through the slide groove 233 and is inserted into the hollow 2311 formed inside the DAQ board housing 231.

The FPGA chip 2321 for which the circuit is designed must be maintained in a stable state for stable signal processing. To this end, the DAQ board 232 on which the FPGA chip 2321 is mounted is inserted into the slide groove 233.

That is, the DAQ board 232 inserted into the slide groove 233 and located inside the DAQ board housing 231 is maintained in a stable state, and thus, the FPGA chip 2321 mounted on the DAQ board 232 is also in a stable state. is maintained, the FPGA chip 2321 stably processes signals in a stable state.

In addition, the elastic wave information for analysis generated by the DAQ board 232 may further include elastic wave detection time information. The elastic wave detection time means the time when the sensing unit 220 detects a wave transmitted from the high-pressure vessel 100 (a wave including an elastic wave generated by a structural defect of the high-pressure vessel), and the elastic wave detection time information is used for controlling the control to be described later. /The box location information generation unit 340 of the decision node 300 is used as basic information to generate location information of structural defects generated in the high-pressure container.

As shown in FIG. 3, the network input port 240 is formed in the node housing 210 so that the power line communication cable 400 is connected, and through the network input port 240, power and signal processing conditions Information and seismic wave information for analysis transmitted by the neighboring AE sensor node 200 are input.

In particular, when the AE sensor node 200 is the leading AE sensor node (#1), the seismic wave information for analysis is not input through the network input port 240, because the leading AE sensor node (#1) This is because the neighboring node connected through the network input port 240 is the control/decision node 300, and the control/decision node 300 does not transmit acoustic wave information for analysis.

As shown in FIG. 3, the network output port 250 is formed in the node housing 210 to which the power line communication cable 400 is connected, and through the network output port 250, power and signal processing conditions Information, seismic wave information for analysis transmitted by the neighboring AE sensor node 200 and seismic wave information for analysis generated by the AE sensor node 200 where it is installed are output.

In particular, when the AE sensor node 200 is the later AE sensor node (#N), power is not output through the network output port 250, because the network output port of the later AE sensor node (#N) This is because the neighboring node connected through 250 is the control/decision node 300, and the control/decision node 300 has its own power supply means, so there is no need to transmit power to the control/decision node 300. .

The data transmission control unit 260 controls the power input through the network input port 240, the signal processing condition information, the acoustic wave information for analysis transmitted by the neighboring AE sensor node, and the acoustic wave for analysis generated by the DAQ unit 230 This configuration transmits information to the outside through the network output port 250.

In particular, when the data transmission control unit 260 is a data transmission control unit installed in the leading AE sensor node (#1), the elastic wave information for analysis transmitted by the neighboring AE sensor node is not transmitted (the neighboring AE sensor node controls/ If there is no elastic wave information for analysis transmitted by a neighboring AE sensor node because it is the decision node 300) and the data transmission control unit 260 is a data transmission control unit installed in the next AE sensor node (#N), power is not transmitted. .

Meanwhile, the above-described sensing unit 220 may be installed in the inner space of the node housing 210 or installed around the outside of the node housing 210 .

When the sensing unit 220 is installed in the inner space of the node housing 210, the AE sensor node 200 is in a state where the wave impedance matching member 223 of the sensing unit 220 is in surface contact with the surface of the high-pressure container 100 It is characterized in that it further includes an elastic member 270 that presses the sensor housing 221 of the sensing unit 220 toward the surface of the high-pressure container 100 so as to maintain the .

The elastic member 270 is a node so that the wave impedance matching member 223 of the sensing unit 220 inserted into the node housing 210 can maintain surface contact with the surface of the high-pressure container 100 to be measured for elastic waves. It is installed in the inner space of the housing 210 and presses the sensor housing 221 of the sensing unit 220 .

That is, when the sensing unit 220 is installed in the inner space of the node housing 210, the wave impedance matching member 223 of the sensing unit 220 should maintain a surface contact state with the surface of the high-pressure vessel 100, which The configuration for is an elastic member (270).

Specifically, the node housing 210 is attached to the surface of the high-pressure vessel 100 to be measured for elastic waves by coupling means (eg, bolts, elastic bands), and is attached to the node housing (eg, bolts, elastic bands) by coupling means (eg, bolts, elastic bands). 210) is attached to the surface of the high-pressure vessel 100, the node housing 210 is pressed toward the surface of the high-pressure vessel 100, which is an elastic wave measurement target.

At this time, the wave impedance matching member 223 of the sensing unit 220 installed inside the node housing 210 that is pressed toward the surface of the high-pressure vessel 100 should also be in surface contact with the surface of the high-pressure vessel 100, the coupling means ( Example: A pressing force by only a bolt or an elastic band is not sufficient to bring the wave impedance matching member 223 of the sensing unit 220 into surface contact with the surface of the high-pressure container 100 .

Therefore, when the elastic member 270 is installed on the upper side of the sensor housing 221 of the sensing unit 220 from the inside of the node housing 210, the elastic member 270 is pressed by a coupling means (eg, a bolt or an elastic band). ) is contraction-deformed, and the elastic restoring force of the contracted-deformed elastic member 270 presses the sensor housing 221 downward, so that the wave impedance matching member 223 is in contact with the surface of the high-pressure vessel 100. is maintained in a stable surface contact state.

In addition, when the sensing unit 220 is installed around the outside of the node housing 210, the AE sensor node 200 receives a wave signal provided by the sensing unit 220, so that the node housing 210 Characterized in that it further comprises a sensing data input port 280 formed in.

As shown in B of FIG. 2 , when the sensing unit 220 is installed around the outside of the node housing 210, the sensing data input formed on the signal extraction terminal 224 of the sensing unit 220 and the node housing 210. Since a signal transmission line is connected to the port 280, the wave signal generated by the sensing unit 220 is input to the sensing data input port 280, and the input wave signal is provided to the DAQ unit 230 for signal processing. do.

A node network formed by a plurality of AE sensor nodes 200 having the above characteristics will be described with reference to A of FIG. 2 .

Among the plurality of AE sensor nodes 200 forming the node network, when the leading AE sensor node (#1) receives power and signal processing condition information from the control/determination node 300, the received power is required for operation. It is used as an operating power source, and the elastic wave signal is processed according to the received signal processing condition information to generate the elastic wave information for analysis (#1 elastic wave information), and the received power and signal processing condition information and the elastic wave information for analysis (#1 elastic wave information) information) to another neighboring sensor node (#2).

The sensor node (#2) adjacent to the leading AE sensor node (#1) contains the power and signal processing condition information from the leading AE sensor node (#1) and the seismic wave information generated by the leading AE sensor node (#1) for analysis ( When #1 elastic wave information) is received, the received power is used as operating power necessary for operation, and the elastic wave signal is processed according to the received signal processing condition information to generate elastic wave information for analysis (#2 elastic wave information), The received power, signal processing condition information, and elastic wave information for analysis (#1 elastic wave information, #2 elastic wave information) are transmitted to other neighboring sensor nodes (#3).

The above process is sequentially performed in a node network manner, and the AE sensor node (#N) at the end of the plurality of AE sensor nodes 200 also uses the received power as operating power and processes the received signal The elastic wave signal is processed according to the condition information to generate elastic wave information for analysis (#N elastic wave information), and the signal processing condition information and the elastic wave information for analysis (#1 to N elastic wave information) are transmitted to the control/determination node 300. do.

The control/determination node 300 provides power and signal processing condition information to the front AE sensor node (#1) among the plurality of AE sensor nodes 200, and among the plurality of AE sensor nodes 200, the rear AE A configuration for receiving signal processing condition information and elastic wave information for analysis generated by the plurality of AE sensor nodes 200 from the sensor node (#N), validating the transmitted elastic wave information for analysis, and determining the possibility of explosion of the high-pressure container am.

Specifically, the control/determination node 300, as shown in FIG. 6,

Among the plurality of AE sensor nodes 200, the front AE sensor node (#1) provides power and signal processing condition information, and among the plurality of AE sensor nodes 200, the signal processing from the rear AE sensor node (#N) A power and information transceiver 310 receiving condition information and elastic wave information for analysis generated by the plurality of AE sensor nodes 200;

Seismic wave information for analysis generated by a plurality of AE sensor nodes (200) by comparing the signal processing condition information provided to the front AE sensor node (#1) with the signal processing condition information provided from the rear AE sensor node (#N) A validation unit 320 that verifies whether the elastic wave signals included in are generated according to the signal processing condition information;

If the elastic wave signals are verified to be valid, an explosive possibility determination unit for determining the explosive possibility of the high-pressure vessel 100 using the elastic wave signals included in the elastic wave information for analysis generated and provided by the plurality of AE sensor nodes 200 It is characterized by including (330).

The power and information transmitting and receiving unit 310 provides power and signal processing condition information to the leading AE sensor node (#1) among the plurality of AE sensor nodes 200, and among the plurality of AE sensor nodes 200, the rear end This is a configuration in which signal processing condition information and elastic wave information for analysis generated by the plurality of AE sensor nodes 200 are received from the AE sensor node (#N).

The power provided by the power and information transmission/reception unit 310 to the front-end AE sensor node #1 is provided to a plurality of AE sensor nodes 200 forming a node network in a node network manner, and each AE sensor node 200 ) is used as an operating power source.

In addition, the signal processing condition information provided by the power and information transceiver 310 to the leading AE sensor node (#1) is provided to a plurality of AE sensor nodes 200 forming a node network in a node network manner, and each AE The DAQ unit 230 configured in the sensor nodes 200 is used as a guideline for generating acoustic wave signals.

That is, the signal processing condition information is a signal to be used when the DAQ board 232 of the DAQ unit 230 configured in each AE sensor node 200 extracts only the elastic wave signal from the wave signal provided by the sensing unit 200 It is characterized in that it is information about processing guide conditions (eg, sampling conditions, amplification gain conditions, etc.).

Conventional non-destructive testing using an acoustic emission test (Acoustic Emission Test) installs a plurality of acoustic emission sensors on a defect test object, and detects elastic waves generated when the object is deformed, cracked, leaked, or destroyed. It collects and analyzes to identify the defects of the test object.

However, in the non-destructive test using the conventional acoustic emission test, the acoustic emission sensor measures and analyzes the elastic wave only according to the signal processing conditions preset in the acoustic emission sensor. It was difficult to modify the signal processing conditions according to the field situation.

Conventionally, in order to modify the signal processing condition, it is necessary to replace the acoustic emission sensor attached to the test object with a new acoustic emission sensor set to a new signal processing condition.

In order to solve these conventional problems, the present invention configures a node network with a plurality of AE sensor nodes 200 and a control/determination node 300, and the control/determination node 300 performs signal processing according to the field situation Condition information is provided to a plurality of AE sensor nodes 200 in a node network manner so that the plurality of AE sensor nodes can obtain the same signal processing conditions (eg, sampling conditions) according to the signal processing conditions provided by the control/determination node 300. , amplification gain conditions, etc.), it is possible to extract an elastic wave signal capable of diagnosing the possibility of explosion of the high-pressure container 100 from a wave signal.

The validation unit 320 compares the signal processing condition information provided to the front AE sensor node (#1) with the signal processing condition information provided from the rear AE sensor node (#N), and obtains a plurality of AE sensor nodes (200 ) is a configuration that verifies the validity of whether the elastic wave signals included in the acoustic wave information for analysis generated by the ) are generated according to the signal processing condition information.

If elastic wave signals are extracted by different signal processing conditions (eg, sampling conditions, amplification gain conditions, etc.) when extracting elastic wave signals from a plurality of AE sensor nodes 200, Since the elastic wave signals collected for each location are extracted under different signal processing conditions, the explosive possibility determining unit 330 to be described later may inaccurately determine the explosive possibility of the high-pressure container 100 .

To solve this problem, the validation unit 320 determines whether the signal processing condition information transmitted to the leading AE sensor node (#1) and the signal processing condition information transmitted from the rear AE sensor node (#N) match. , To verify the validity of the elastic wave signals included in the elastic wave information for analysis generated by the plurality of AE sensor nodes 200.

That is, if the signal processing condition information transmitted to the front AE sensor node (#1) and the signal processing condition information transmitted from the rear AE sensor node (#N) match, the elastic wave signals extracted by the plurality of AE sensor nodes 200 are It is verified that it is a valid elastic wave signal extracted under the same criteria and conditions (e.g., sampling conditions, amplification gain conditions, etc.). If the signal processing condition information transmitted from #N) does not match, the elastic wave signal extracted by the plurality of AE sensor nodes 200 is an invalid elastic wave extracted under other criteria and conditions (eg, sampling condition, amplification gain condition, etc.) It verifies that it is a signal.

For example, in the process of transmitting signal processing condition information through the power line communication cable 400, data omission or damage occurs due to a problem of the power line communication cable 400 itself, or the AE sensor node 200 itself When an abnormality occurs, among the plurality of AE sensor nodes 200 constituting the node network, in the AE sensor node 200 located after the point where data loss or damage occurs, the control/determination node 300 provides An acoustic wave signal is generated under a condition different from the signal processing condition information, and in this case, the power and information transmission/reception unit 310 provides signal processing condition information different from the signal processing condition information provided to the front-end AE sensor node (#1) is received through the rear end AE sensor node (#N).

In this case, the validation unit 320 verifies that the elastic wave signals included in the elastic wave information for analysis generated by the plurality of AE sensor nodes 200 are invalid.

The explosive possibility determining unit 330 is a component that determines the explosive possibility of the high-pressure vessel 100 by using seismic wave information for analysis whose validity has been verified.

As described above, the elastic wave is a wave generated when the internal structure of an object is displaced. As the pressure of the high-pressure gas such as hydrogen gas stored inside the high-pressure vessel 100 increases, the internal structure of the high-pressure vessel 100 is displaced. (elastic deformation → plastic deformation → crack (crack) occurrence), after a crack, which is the final result of internal structural displacement, occurs in the high-pressure vessel 100, when the increasing pressure of the high-pressure gas is concentrated on the vulnerable crack, the high-pressure vessel 100 explode

Referring to FIG. 7, when external stress (in the case of the present invention, the pressure inside the high-pressure vessel) is applied to the metal structure (including the high-pressure vessel of the present invention), the pattern of occurrence frequency per unit time for each time order of elastic waves generated in the metal structure Describe the features.

7A is a graph of test results obtained by measuring the generation frequency per unit time of an elastic wave signal generated in chronological order in a metal structure (including the high-pressure vessel of the present invention) to which external stress (internal pressure of the present invention) is applied, and the vertical axis of the graph is It is the generation frequency of elastic waves per unit time, the horizontal axis of the graph represents time, the blue bar graph represents the degree of elastic wave generation frequency per unit time, and the red line graph represents external stress.

7B is an elastic wave generation cumulative graph in which the frequency of occurrence per unit time of elastic wave signals generated in chronological order in a metal structure to which external stress is applied is accumulated. represents a graph.

That is, when external stress (in the case of the present invention, internal pressure of the high-pressure vessel) is applied to the metal structure (including the high-pressure vessel of the present invention), when the frequency of occurrence per unit time of elastic waves generated in the metal structure is accumulated for each time interval, As shown in B of 7, a graph of accumulative generation of elastic waves can be derived.

When an external stress that increases the volume of the metal structure is applied to the metal structure (in the case of the present invention, when the internal pressure increases above the pressure that increases the internal volume of the high-pressure container 100), first, an internal elastic deformation called Structural displacement occurs, and if external stress continues to increase after elastic deformation, internal structural displacement called plastic deformation occurs.

That is, when external stress is applied to the metal structure, as shown in A of FIG. 7, elastic deformation occurs first (section I of A of FIG. 7), and then the external stress continuously increases to increase the yield strength (plasticity) When the strength of the inflection point at which deformation starts to occur) is exceeded, plastic deformation occurs (sections II, III, and IV in A of FIG. 7).

The metal atoms constituting the metal structure are combined in a lattice structure. When an external stress is applied to a metal structure, metal atoms consume energy to generate counterstress against the external stress so that the lattice structure in the form of bonding is not deformed. The lattice structure, which is a combination of atoms, is deformed, and in this process, elastic waves are generated.

Among the lattice structures of metal atoms constituting the metal structure, there is a lattice structure that is easily deformed by external stress and is vulnerable to deformation, and there is a lattice structure that is resistant to deformation even when a considerable external stress is applied. The transformation of the lattice structure of metal atoms described in the present invention means the transformation of lattice structures vulnerable to deformation.

The deformation of the lattice structure, which is a combination of metal atoms, means the generation of elastic waves, so the frequency of occurrence of elastic waves is determined in proportion to the degree of deformation of the lattice structure, which is a combination of metal atoms. That is, when the deformation of the lattice structure increases, the generation of elastic waves increases and the frequency of occurrence of elastic waves increases. When the deformation of the lattice structure decreases, the generation of elastic waves decreases and the frequency of occurrence of elastic waves decreases.

In the elastic deformation section (section I) of A of FIG. 7, which is the time section in which elastic deformation occurs, metal atoms consume energy so that the lattice structure in the form of a bond is not deformed by external stress to counter stress against external stress. causes

In this process, elastic deformation (transformation in which the lattice structure returns to its original state when the external stress is removed) occurs in the lattice structure of metal atoms, and the first occurrence frequency (frequency of occurrence indicated by the blue bar graph in section Ⅰ of A in FIG. 7) ), elastic waves are generated with a frequency of occurrence per unit time.

Referring to B of FIG. 7 , the slope of the cumulative graph of elastic wave generation is constant in the elastic deformation section (section I of FIG. starts to increase with a slope.

The plastic deformation period, which is a time period in which plastic deformation is issued, is a first plastic deformation period (II period), a second plastic deformation period (III period), and a crack occurrence period (IV period), as shown in A of FIG. are separated by

In the first plastic deformation section (II section), the metal atoms have maximum energy so that the elastically deformed lattice structure is not permanently deformed by an external stress applied in excess of the yield strength (inflection point strength at which plastic deformation begins to occur) It consumes energy to generate a counterstress against the external stress.

In this process, among the lattice structures of elastically deformed metal atoms, most of the lattice structures vulnerable to deformation undergo permanent deformation and the second occurrence frequency (the occurrence frequency indicated by the blue bar graph in section II, the first occurrence frequency) The first plastic deformation section (section II) in which elastic waves are generated at the maximum frequency per unit time is characterized by a short time section.

Referring to B of FIG. 7, by the elastic wave generated at the maximum frequency per unit time of the second frequency of occurrence (the frequency of occurrence indicated by the blue bar graph of section II of A of FIG. 7, greater than the first frequency of occurrence), In the corresponding section, the first plastic deformation section (section II in A of FIG. 7), the slope of the cumulative graph of elastic wave generation rapidly increases.

In the second plastic deformation section (section III of A in FIG. 7), the lattice structure is not permanently deformed, the remaining metal atoms are not deformed, and the remaining lattice structure is not permanently deformed. External stress applied in excess of the yield strength creates a counter-stress that opposes

In this process, the lattice structures of metal atoms that remain without being permanently deformed despite the counterstress are also permanently deformed, and the third frequency of occurrence (the frequency of occurrence indicated by the blue bar graph in section Ⅲ of A in FIG. 7, the first Elastic waves are generated with a frequency of occurrence per unit time of less than the frequency of occurrence.

Referring to B of FIG. 7, the slope of the cumulative graph of elastic wave generation in the corresponding section, the second plastic deformation section (section III of A in FIG. 7), has a saturation characteristic that slightly increases, which has a lattice structure vulnerable to deformation. Among the lattice structures of metal atoms, permanent deformation occurs in most of the lattice structures in the first plastic deformation section (section II in A of FIG. This is because it is permanently deformed in Section III).

There is no lattice structure of permanently deformed metal atoms in the crack generation section (section IV in A of FIG. 7). As described above, among the lattice structures of metal atoms constituting the metal structure, there is a lattice structure that is easily deformed by external stress and is vulnerable to deformation, and a lattice structure that is resistant to deformation is not easily deformed even when a considerable external stress is applied. there is.

Most of the lattice structures vulnerable to deformation are permanently deformed in both the first plastic deformation section (section II in A of FIG. 7) and the second plastic deformation section (section III in FIG. Although there is no lattice structure of metal atoms that is permanently deformed by this, cracks (invisible defects) that become explosion points are generated by increasing external stress.

That is, the crack occurrence section (section IV in A of FIG. 7) is the time point at which plastic deformation is completed, and a number of invisible cracks (invisible defects) that become explosion points are generated, and when external stress continues to increase, cracks (invisible defects) will grow into cracks (visible defects).

Therefore, in the crack generation section where permanent deformation does not occur in the lattice structure of metal atoms (section IV in A of FIG. 7), elastic waves do not occur, but cracks, which are invisible defects, occur, and cracks grow due to increasing external stress. As a result, cracks, which are visible defects, occur.

Referring to B of FIG. 7 , no elastic wave is generated in the crack generation section (section IV of A of FIG. 7 ), which is the corresponding section, so the slope of the cumulative graph of elastic wave generation is 0, and there is no change in slope.

If the external stress continues to increase even after cracks, which are visible defects due to the growth of cracks by the increasing external stress, occur, if the external stress (in the present invention, the pressure inside the high-pressure vessel) is concentrated on a specific crack, Fracture (explosion of the high-pressure vessel of the present invention) occurs at the crack where stress is concentrated. At the moment of fracture (explosion), external stress is rapidly reduced, and many elastic waves are generated due to the impact of fracture (explosion). That is, as shown in B of FIG. 7 , the slope of the cumulative graph of elastic wave generation rapidly increases at the moment of fracture (explosion).

In summary, as shown in A of FIG. 7, the frequency of occurrence per unit time of elastic waves for each time section is the highest in the first plastic deformation section (section II), followed by the elastic deformation section (section I), Next is the second plastic deformation section (section III), and it becomes 0 in the crack generation section (section IV).

As shown in B of FIG. 7, the elastic wave generation cumulative graph starts to increase with a certain slope because elastic waves start to be generated in the elastic deformation section (section I of A in FIG. 7), and the first plastic deformation, which is a short time section, In the section (section Ⅱ in A of FIG. 7), the slope suddenly increases because many elastic waves suddenly occur, and in the second plastic deformation section (section Ⅲ in FIG. and slightly increases, and in the crack occurrence section (IV section in A of FIG. 7), the slope converges to 0 because no elastic wave is generated.

Using the characteristics of the generation frequency pattern per unit time of the elastic wave generated in each time section in the metal structure to which the external stress is applied, the explosive possibility determination unit 330 of the present invention uses the validated elastic wave information for analysis to determine the high-pressure container ( 100) to determine the possibility of explosion.

Specifically, the explosive possibility determination unit 330 determines the frequency of occurrence per unit time of the elastic wave signal included in the elastic wave information for analysis received through the information transmission and reception unit 310, and the frequency of occurrence per unit time of the determined elastic wave signal. A seismic wave generation accumulation graph is calculated by accumulating in time order, and if the pattern feature of the calculated elastic wave generation accumulation graph corresponds to the first pattern feature, the high-pressure vessel 100 is determined to be in a first dangerous state with a possibility of explosion in the future, If the pattern feature of the calculated cumulative elastic wave generation graph corresponds to the second pattern feature, it is determined that the high-pressure vessel 100 is in a second dangerous state with the possibility of an immediate explosion.

The first pattern characteristic is that when an external stress is applied to the metal structure, the metal structure undergoes elastic deformation, and the elastic wave signal generated in the process of plastic deformation following the progress of elastic deformation is generated per unit time in order of time It is characterized in that it is a pattern feature of the cumulative elastic wave generation graph accumulated by .

In addition, the second pattern characteristic is that when external stress is applied to the metal structure, the metal structure is elastically deformed, plastic deformation is completed following the elastic deformation, and cracks are generated following the completion of the plastic deformation. It is characterized in that it is a pattern feature of an elastic wave generation accumulation graph in which the frequency of occurrence per unit time of the generated elastic wave signal is accumulated in time order.

When the first and second pattern features are matched with the elastic wave generation accumulation graph shown in FIG. Corresponds to the portion of the elastic wave generation accumulation graph shown in B of FIG. 7 where the slope suddenly increases, and after the slope suddenly increases, the slope increases to have a certain saturation, and the second pattern feature is the slope of the elastic wave generation accumulation graph. The pattern initially increases with a certain slope, then the slope suddenly increases at the inflection point at a certain point in time, after the slope suddenly increases, the slope increases to have a certain saturation, and after the slope increases to have a certain saturation, the slope does not change This corresponds to the portion of the elastic wave generation accumulation graph shown in B of FIG. 7 where the slope converges to 0.

That is, the occurrence frequency of the elastic wave signal per unit time included in the elastic wave information for analysis received through the information transceiver 310 is determined, and the generation frequency of the determined elastic wave signal per unit time is accumulated in time order to generate the elastic wave. If the slope pattern of the cumulative graph initially increases with a certain slope, then the slope suddenly increases at the inflection point at a certain point in time, and after the slope suddenly increases, the slope is characterized by a pattern in which the slope increases to have a certain degree of saturation, an explosion possibility determination unit ( 330 ) determines that the high-pressure container 100 is in a first dangerous state with a possibility of future explosion.

In addition, the occurrence frequency of the elastic wave signal per unit time included in the elastic wave information for analysis received through the information transceiver 310 is determined, and the generation of the elastic wave calculated by accumulating the frequency of occurrence per unit time of the determined elastic wave signal in time order is generated. The slope pattern of the stacked graph initially increases with a certain slope, then the slope suddenly increases at the inflection point at a certain point in time, after the slope suddenly increases, the slope increases to have a certain saturation, and then the slope increases to have a certain saturation , If the slope is converging to 0 without changing the slope, the explosive possibility determination unit 330 determines that the high-pressure container 100 is in the second dangerous state with the possibility of immediate explosion.

The determination of the possibility of immediate explosion of the high-pressure container 100 as described above is determined using a plurality of elastic wave signals respectively included in the elastic wave information for analysis received through the information transmitting and receiving unit 310 .

If the number of AE sensor nodes 200 installed on the surface of the high-pressure vessel 100 is N to form a node network, the number of elastic wave information for analysis received through the information transceiver 310 is N, and the elastic wave The number of signals is also N.

Therefore, as a result of analyzing each of the N elastic wave signals as described above, if even one is determined to have a possibility of explosion, it is determined that the high-pressure container 100 has a possibility of explosion.

Meanwhile, the control/determination node 300 uses seismic wave information for analysis generated and provided by a plurality of AE sensor nodes 200 and pre-stored information to generate location information of structural defects generated in the high-pressure container. Defect location It is characterized in that it further includes an information generator 340.

In the defect location information generation unit 340, high-pressure vessel coordinate information in which the high-pressure vessel is coordinated, installation position coordinate information of the AE sensor nodes 200 on the high-pressure vessel coordinates, and propagation speed information of elastic waves that can be generated in the high-pressure vessel are stored in advance. there is.

That is, the defect location information generation unit 340 uses the unique identification information of AE sensor nodes and elastic wave detection time information included in the elastic wave information for analysis and the propagation speed information of elastic waves that can be generated in a pre-stored high-pressure container to detect defects. Distance information from the occurrence location to each AE sensor node is calculated, and information on the occurrence location of the structural defect occurring in the high-pressure container is generated using the calculated distance information and pre-stored installation location coordinate information of the AE sensor nodes.

Specifically, the defect location information generation unit 340 generates unique identification information and elastic wave detection time information of the AE sensor nodes 200 included in elastic wave information for analysis transmitted by each AE sensor node 200 and pre-stored high pressure Distance information from a defect occurrence position to each AE sensor node 200 is calculated using propagation speed information of an elastic wave that can be generated in the container.

Since the distance between the defect occurrence location and each AE sensor node 200 is different, the propagation time of the elastic wave from the defect occurrence location to each AE sensor node 200 also has a difference. As a result, each AE sensor node ( 200), there is a time difference between the elastic wave detection time included in the elastic wave information for analysis.

(T1과 T2의 시간차),

와 (T1과 T3의 시간차),

(T1과 T4의 시간차)를 산출할 수 있게 된다.8, the elastic wave detection time included in the elastic wave information for analysis transmitted by the #1 AE sensor node 200, which detected the elastic wave the fastest and closest to the location of the defect occurrence (T1), followed by the elastic wave The elastic wave detection time (T2) included in the elastic wave information for analysis transmitted by the #2 AE sensor node 200 that detected Assuming that the elastic wave detection time included in the elastic wave information is (T3) and the elastic wave detection time included in the elastic wave information for analysis transmitted by the #4 AE sensor node 200 that has finally detected the elastic wave is (T4), Each detection time difference

(time difference between T1 and T2),

and (time difference between T1 and T3),

(Time difference between T1 and T4) can be calculated.

은 결함 발생 위치와 #2 AE 센서 노드(200) 사이의 거리 S2가 결함 발생 위치와 #1 AE 센서 노드(200) 사이의 거리 S1 보다 더 멀어 발생하는 탄성파 감지 시간차를 의미하고, 감지 시간차

는 결함 발생 위치와 #3 AE 센서 노드(200) 사이의 거리 S3가 결함 발생 위치와 #1 AE 센서 노드(200) 사이의 거리 S1 보다 더 멀어 발생하는 탄성파 감지 시간차를 의미하고, 감지 시간차

는 결함 발생 위치와 #4 AE 센서 노드(200) 사이의 거리 S4가 결함 발생 위치와 #1 AE 센서 노드(200) 사이의 거리 S1 보다 더 멀어 발생하는 탄성파 감지 시간차를 의미한다.above detection time difference

denotes a seismic wave detection time difference that occurs when the distance S2 between the defect occurrence position and the #2 AE sensor node 200 is greater than the distance S1 between the defect occurrence position and the #1 AE sensor node 200, and the detection time difference

denotes the elastic wave detection time difference that occurs when the distance S3 between the defect occurrence position and the #3 AE sensor node 200 is greater than the distance S1 between the defect occurrence position and the #1 AE sensor node 200, and the detection time difference

denotes a seismic wave detection time difference that occurs when the distance S4 between the defect location and the #4 AE sensor node 200 is greater than the distance S1 between the defect location and the #1 AE sensor node 200.

Using the calculated detection time difference information and pre-stored information on the propagation speed of elastic waves that can be generated in the high-pressure vessel, it is possible to calculate distance information from the defect occurrence position to each AE sensor node 200 .

)), S3는 결함 발생 위치에서 #3 AE 센서 노드(200)까지의 거리(S1 + (고압용기에서의 탄성파 전파 속도×

)), S4는 결함 발생 위치에서 #4 AE 센서 노드(200)까지의 거리(S1 + (고압용기에서의 탄성파 전파 속도×

))를 의미한다.Taking FIG. 8 as an example, S1 is the distance from the defect location to the #1 AE sensor node 200 (elastic wave propagation speed in the high-pressure vessel × (time difference between reference time T and T1)), and S2 is the location of the defect #2 Distance to the AE sensor node 200 (S1 + (Seismic wave propagation velocity in the high-pressure vessel ×

)), S3 is the distance from the defect occurrence position to the #3 AE sensor node 200 (S1 + (elastic wave propagation speed in the high-pressure vessel ×

)), and S4 is the distance from the defect location to the #4 AE sensor node 200 (S1 + (speed of acoustic wave propagation in the high-pressure vessel ×

)) means

The defect location information generation unit 340 generates coordinate information on a defect location on facility coordinates using the calculated distance information and pre-stored installation location coordinate information of the AE sensor nodes 200 .

That is, the coordinate information on the location of the defect on the coordinates of the facility becomes information on the location of the structural defect that occurred in the high-pressure vessel.

Referring to FIG. 8 as an example, the origin is the coordinates (X ₁ , Y ₁ ) of the #1 AE sensor node 200 on the high-pressure vessel coordinates, and the circle with the radius S1 and the #2 AE sensor node 200 A circle with the installation location coordinates (X ₂ , Y ₂ ) as the origin and a radius of S2 and #3 A circle with the installation location coordinates (X ₃ , Y ₃ ) of the AE sensor node 200 as the origin and a radius of S3 and # 4 After forming a circle with a radius S4 with the coordinates (X ₄ , Y ₄ ) of the installation location of the AE sensor node 200 as the origin. The coordinates of the point where the four circles meet in common become the location coordinates of the occurrence of structural defects in the high-pressure container.

On the other hand, if it is determined that the high-pressure container 100 may explode in the future or may explode immediately, it is necessary to display the state of the high-pressure container 100 to prevent safety accidents.

To this end, as shown in FIG. 6 , the control/determination node 300 is characterized in that it is configured to further include a container state display unit 350 displaying the state of the high-pressure container 100 .

When the container state display unit 350 is configured, the explosion possibility determination unit 330 displays an explosion possibility warning message on the container state display unit 350 when it is determined that the high-pressure container 100 has a possibility of explosion. It is displayed so that people at the site where the high-pressure container 100 is installed are guided so that they can evacuate the site.

In addition, when the warning message indicating the possibility of explosion of the high-pressure container 100 is displayed on the container state display unit 350, the explosive possibility determination unit 330 determines whether the high-pressure container 100 is in a first dangerous state with a possibility of future explosion, It is characterized in that information on whether the second dangerous state in which the 100 is immediately explosive and information on the location of an explosive point of the high-pressure container 100 are also displayed together.

For example, when it is determined that the high-pressure vessel 100 is in a first dangerous state with a possibility of future explosion, as shown in FIG. 100) displays a warning message (e.g., cracks are occurring and there is a possibility of explosion in the future, so a message to lower the high-pressure gas pressure and check the state of the high-pressure container) indicating that the first dangerous state is likely to explode in the future.

In addition, when it is determined that the high-pressure container 100 is in a second dangerous state with a possibility of immediate explosion, as shown in FIG. 8, the explosive possibility determination unit 330 displays the high-pressure container 100 A warning message (e.g., a message to evacuate nearby personnel because there is a possibility of immediate explosion) is displayed indicating that is in a second danger state with a possibility of immediate explosion.

In addition, along with the display of the warning message, information on the location of the explosive point of the high-pressure container 100 is also displayed. For example, the information "There is a possibility of explosion at the coordinates (X,Y) of the high-pressure container" is displayed.

The power line communication cable 400 is a component that interconnects a plurality of AE sensor nodes 200 and a control/determination node 300 so that power and signal processing condition information and seismic wave information for analysis can be transmitted.

Specifically, the power line communication cable 400, as shown in FIG. 9,

A shield cable 410 in the form of a cylindrical mesh made of copper,

A core portion 420 composed of a positive core and a negative core formed inside the shield cable 410;

It is characterized in that it consists of an insulating coating 430 formed on the outside of the shield cable 410.

Power and data (signal processing condition information, acoustic wave information for analysis) are transmitted through the core part 420 composed of a positive core and a negative core, and external factors are transmitted through a shield cable 410 in the form of a cylindrical mesh made of copper. Thus, information transmitted through the core unit 420 is protected from loss.

Although the technical idea of the present invention has been described above with the accompanying drawings, this is an illustrative example of a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but does not limit the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited to the embodiments, and this It will be obvious that those skilled in the art include modifications within the scope of the technical idea of the present invention.

100: high-pressure vessel
200: AE sensor node
300: control/determination node
400: power line communication cable

Claims (13)

In the high-pressure vessel explosion detection system using elastic waves and AE sensor node networks,
a high-pressure container 100 in which high-pressure gas is stored;
A wave generated in the high-pressure container 100 is detected, and a seismic wave signal is extracted from the detected wave according to the signal processing condition information provided by the control/determination node 300 to generate seismic wave information for analysis, and the generated seismic wave information for analysis a plurality of AE sensor nodes 200 installed in contact with the surface of the high-pressure container 100 to form a node network so that elastic wave information is transmitted to the control/decision node 300 in a network manner;
Among the plurality of AE sensor nodes 200, the front AE sensor node (#1) provides power and signal processing condition information, and among the plurality of AE sensor nodes 200, the signal processing from the rear AE sensor node (#N) a control/judgment node 300 that receives condition information and elastic wave information for analysis generated by the plurality of AE sensor nodes 200, validates the transmitted elastic wave information for analysis, and determines the possibility of explosion of the high-pressure vessel;
A power line communication cable 400 interconnecting the plurality of AE sensor nodes 200 and the control/determination node 300,

The control/determination node 300,
Among the plurality of AE sensor nodes 200, the front AE sensor node (#1) provides power and signal processing condition information, and among the plurality of AE sensor nodes 200, the signal processing from the rear AE sensor node (#N) A power and information transceiver 310 receiving condition information and elastic wave information for analysis generated by the plurality of AE sensor nodes 200;
Seismic wave information for analysis generated by a plurality of AE sensor nodes (200) by comparing the signal processing condition information provided to the front AE sensor node (#1) with the signal processing condition information provided from the rear AE sensor node (#N) A validation unit 320 that verifies whether the elastic wave signals included in are generated according to the signal processing condition information;
If the elastic wave signals are verified to be valid, an explosive possibility determination unit for determining the explosive possibility of the high-pressure vessel 100 using the elastic wave signals included in the elastic wave information for analysis generated and provided by the plurality of AE sensor nodes 200 including (330);

The explosive possibility determination unit 330,
The frequency of occurrence per unit time of the elastic wave signal is identified for each elastic wave signal, the generation frequency of the elastic wave is calculated by accumulating the frequency of occurrence per unit time of the elastic wave signal in chronological order for each elastic wave signal, and the pattern characteristics of the cumulative elastic wave generation graph calculated for each elastic wave signal If at least one of the pattern features corresponds to the first pattern feature, the high-pressure container 100 determines that the high-pressure vessel 100 is in a first dangerous state with a possibility of future explosion, and at least one of the pattern features of the elastic wave generation cumulative graph calculated for each elastic wave signal is second. If it corresponds to the pattern feature, it is determined that the high-pressure container 100 is in a second dangerous state with a possibility of immediate explosion,
The first pattern characteristic is that when an external stress is applied to the metal structure, the metal structure undergoes elastic deformation, and the elastic wave signal generated in the process of plastic deformation following the progress of elastic deformation is generated per unit time in order of time It is a pattern feature of the cumulative elastic wave generation graph accumulated by
The second pattern characteristic is that when external stress is applied to the metal structure, elastic deformation proceeds to the metal structure, plastic deformation is completed following the progress of elastic deformation, and cracks occur following completion of plastic deformation. A high-pressure vessel explosion detection system using an elastic wave and an AE sensor node network, characterized in that the pattern characteristic of a cumulative elastic wave generation graph in which the frequency of occurrence per unit time of the elastic wave signal is accumulated in time order.
The method of claim 1,
The AE sensor node 200,
A node housing 210 formed in an inner space and installed in contact with the surface of the high-pressure vessel 100;
It is installed in contact with the surface of the high-pressure vessel 100 in the inner space of the node housing 210 or on the outer periphery of the node housing 210 to sense a wave transmitted from the high-pressure vessel 100 and generate a wave signal for the detected wave. A sensing unit 220 that generates, amplifies, and provides the data to the DAQ unit 230;
It is installed in the inner space of the node housing 210 and extracts only the elastic wave signal from the wave signal provided by the sensing unit 200 according to the signal processing condition information provided by the control/determination node 300, and includes the extracted elastic wave signal. A DAQ unit 230 for generating seismic wave information for analysis;
A network input port 240 formed on the node housing 210 to which the power line communication cable 400 is connected;
A network output port 250 formed on the node housing 210 to which the power line communication cable 400 is connected;
Power and signal processing condition information input through the network input port 240, elastic wave information for analysis transmitted by neighboring AE sensor nodes, and elastic wave information for analysis generated by the DAQ unit 230 are transmitted through the network output port 250 A high-pressure container explosion detection system using an elastic wave and an AE sensor node network, characterized in that it comprises a data transmission control unit 260 for transmitting to the outside through.
The method of claim 2,
The sensing unit 220,
A sensor housing 221 into which a preamplifier-integrated AE sensor 222 is inserted and installed inside;
It is installed inside the sensor housing 221, has a sensing surface 2221 for detecting a wave transmitted from the high-pressure container 100, and generates and amplifies a wave signal for the detected wave. A preamp-integrated AE sensor ( 222) and,
In order to increase the reception rate of the wave transmitted from the high-pressure vessel 100, it is formed on the sensing surface 2221 of the preamplifier-integrated AE sensor 222 and has a certain area in contact with the surface of the high-pressure vessel 100. A wave impedance matching member 223;
A high-pressure container explosion detection system using an elastic wave and an AE sensor node network, characterized in that it includes a signal extraction terminal 224 for allowing the wave signal generated and amplified by the preamplifier-integrated AE sensor 222 to be extracted to the outside.
The method of claim 2,
The DAQ unit 230,
a cylindrical DAQ board housing 231 in which a hollow 2311 is formed so that the DAQ board 232 can be installed therein;
It is installed inside the DAQ board housing 310 and extracts only the elastic wave signal from the wave signal provided by the sensing unit 220 according to the signal processing condition information provided by the control/determination node 300, and the extracted elastic wave signal and a DAQ board 232 generating seismic wave information for analysis including unique identification information of the AE sensor node;
It is characterized in that it includes a slide groove 233 of a certain length formed in the hollow 2311 so that the DAQ board 232 can be inserted into the hollow 2311 formed inside the DAQ board housing 310 in a sliding manner. High pressure container explosion detection system using seismic waves and AE sensor node network.
The method of claim 4,
The DAQ unit 230 is mounted with an FPGA chip 2321 that extracts only elastic wave signals from the wave signals transmitted from the sensing unit 220.
The high-pressure vessel explosion detection system using an elastic wave and an AE sensor node network, characterized in that the elastic wave information for analysis further includes elastic wave detection time information.
The method of claim 2,
When the sensing unit 220 is installed in the inner space of the node housing 210,
The AE sensor node 200,
Pressing the sensor housing 221 of the sensing unit 220 toward the surface of the high-pressure vessel 100 so that the wave impedance matching member 223 of the sensing unit 220 maintains a surface contact state with the surface of the high-pressure vessel 100. A high-pressure vessel explosion detection system using an elastic wave and an AE sensor node network, further comprising an elastic member 270.
The method of claim 2,
When the sensing unit 220 is installed around the outside of the node housing 210,
The AE sensor node 200,
A high-pressure container explosion using an elastic wave and an AE sensor node network, characterized in that it further comprises a sensing data input port 280 formed in the node housing 210 to receive a wave signal provided by the sensing unit 220. detection system.
delete delete The method of claim 1,
The first pattern characteristic is,
A pattern feature in which the slope pattern of the cumulative graph of elastic wave generation initially increases with a certain slope, then the slope suddenly increases at the inflection point at a certain point in time, and after the slope suddenly increases, the slope increases to have a certain saturation,
The second pattern characteristic is,
The slope pattern of the cumulative elastic wave generation graph initially increases with a certain slope, then the slope suddenly increases at the inflection point at a certain point in time, and after the slope suddenly increases, the slope increases to have a certain degree of saturation, A high-pressure container explosion detection system using an elastic wave and an AE sensor node network, characterized in that the pattern features that the slope converges to 0 without changing the slope after increasing.
The method of claim 1,
The control/determination node 300,
Further comprising a defect location information generator 340 for generating occurrence location information of structural defects generated in the high-pressure container using seismic wave information for analysis generated and provided by the plurality of AE sensor nodes 200 and pre-stored information,

The defect location information generator 340,
Coordinate information of the high-pressure vessel coordinated with the high-pressure vessel, information on the installation position of the AE sensor nodes 200 on the coordinates of the high-pressure vessel, information on the propagation speed of elastic waves that can be generated in the high-pressure vessel are pre-stored,
Using unique identification information of AE sensor nodes, elastic wave detection time information, and propagation velocity information of elastic waves that can be generated in a pre-stored high-pressure vessel, distance information from a defect occurrence location to each AE sensor node is calculated,
A high-pressure vessel explosion detection system using elastic waves and an AE sensor node network, characterized in that generating location information of a structural defect occurring in a high-pressure vessel using calculated distance information and pre-stored installation position coordinate information of AE sensor nodes.
The method of claim 1,
The control/determination node 300 further includes a container state display unit 350 displaying the state of the high-pressure container 100,
The explosive possibility determination unit 330,
When the high-pressure container 100 is determined to have a possibility of explosion, a high-pressure container using an elastic wave and an AE sensor node network, characterized in that a warning message about the possibility of explosion of the high-pressure container 100 is displayed on the container state display unit 350 explosion detection system.
The method of claim 12,
The explosive possibility determination unit 330,
When the warning message indicating the possibility of explosion of the high-pressure container 100 is displayed on the container state display unit 350, whether the high-pressure container 100 is in a first dangerous state with a possibility of explosion in the future, or whether the high-pressure container 100 is in a second dangerous state with a possibility of an immediate explosion. A high-pressure container explosion detection system using an elastic wave and an AE sensor node network, characterized in that information on whether it is in a dangerous state and information on the location of an explosive point of the high-pressure container (100) are also displayed.

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