KR102483282B1 - Method for managing a blockchain-based agricultural supply chain - Google Patents

Abstract

According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, a method for managing a supply chain of agricultural products based on a blockchain is disclosed. The method includes: recording, by at least one raw material provider node, at least one first smart contract including raw material provision information in a blockchain network; At least one agricultural investor node recording at least one second smart contract including agricultural investment information in a blockchain network; When at least one agricultural producer node participates in the first smart contract and the second smart contract, recording a plurality of transactions including information on each of a plurality of agricultural production processes in a blockchain network; Recording a third smart contract related to the sale of agricultural products produced by the at least one agricultural producer node in a blockchain network; When at least one consumer node participates in the third smart contract, a plurality of transactions including information on each production process of the agricultural products are retrieved to obtain quality information on the produced agricultural products, and whether or not the agricultural products are purchased. determining; When the at least one consumer node completes the purchase of the agricultural products, paying a price for raw materials to the at least one raw material provider node based on the first smart contract; If the raw material price is paid to the at least one raw material provider node, paying proceeds for the agricultural product investment to the at least one agricultural product investor node based on the second smart contract; and when the proceeds for the investment in the agricultural products are paid to the at least one agricultural investor node, the remainder after excluding the raw material price and the proceeds from the agricultural sales proceeds generated as the at least one consumer node completes the purchase of the agricultural products. It may include; paying the amount to the agricultural producer node.

Description

Blockchain-based agricultural supply chain management method {METHOD FOR MANAGING A BLOCKCHAIN-BASED AGRICULTURAL SUPPLY CHAIN}

The present disclosure relates to a method for managing a supply chain of agricultural products based on a block chain, and more specifically, to a method for managing a supply chain of agricultural products based on a decentralized block chain.

Recently, the 4th industrial revolution, which is the next generation industrial revolution achieved by the convergence of information and communication technologies, is becoming an issue. Automation in the existing industry meant passive operation according to pre-entered programs, but in the 4th industrial revolution, it means that machines actively grasp the situation and operate. Technology and life sciences are leading the way.

For example, development and attempts are being made for the convergence of ICT and agriculture. Specifically, conventional agricultural production and supply technologies have been developed based on local databases. In the case of designing an agricultural product supply chain management system based on a local database, it may be difficult to ensure transparency of the agricultural product supply process.

Meanwhile, among the technologies of the 4th industrial revolution, blockchain is attracting attention as a major technology. Blockchain is a technology that provides security and transparency as a public transaction ledger. These blockchains are attracting attention, and the Bitcoin platform and the Ethereum platform, which are blockchain-based encryption currency technologies, are also attracting attention.

Therefore, there is a need for research and development on the convergence of blockchain technology and agriculture to ensure transparency in the agricultural supply process.

Republic of Korea Patent Publication No. 10-2020-0094822

The present disclosure has been made in response to the above background art, and is intended to provide a method for managing a supply chain of agricultural products based on a blockchain.

The technical problems of the present disclosure are not limited to the technical problems mentioned above, and other technical problems not mentioned will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the following description.

According to some embodiments of the present disclosure for solving the above problems, a blockchain-based agricultural product supply chain management method is disclosed. The method includes: recording, by at least one raw material provider node, at least one first smart contract including raw material provision information in a blockchain network; At least one agricultural investor node recording at least one second smart contract including agricultural investment information in a blockchain network; When at least one agricultural producer node participates in the first smart contract and the second smart contract, recording a plurality of transactions including information on each of a plurality of agricultural production processes in a blockchain network; Recording a third smart contract related to the sale of agricultural products produced by the at least one agricultural producer node in a blockchain network; When at least one consumer node participates in the third smart contract, a plurality of transactions including information on each production process of the agricultural products are retrieved to obtain quality information on the produced agricultural products, and whether or not the agricultural products are purchased. determining; When the at least one consumer node completes the purchase of the agricultural products, paying a price for raw materials to the at least one raw material provider node based on the first smart contract; If the raw material price is paid to the at least one raw material provider node, paying proceeds for the agricultural product investment to the at least one agricultural product investor node based on the second smart contract; and when the proceeds for the investment in the agricultural products are paid to the at least one agricultural investor node, the remainder after excluding the raw material price and the proceeds from the agricultural sales proceeds generated as the at least one consumer node completes the purchase of the agricultural products. It may include; paying the amount to the agricultural producer node.

In addition, the blockchain network may include the at least one raw material provider node, the at least one agricultural product investor node, and the at least one agricultural product producer node.

In addition, the step of recording, by the at least one raw material provider node, at least one first smart contract including raw material provision information in the blockchain network, the information on the raw material provided by the at least one raw material provider node, the raw material Generating the first smart contract including information about the price and payment conditions for the raw material price; And by transmitting the first smart contract to at least one node included in the blockchain network, when the first smart contract is verified through a consensus algorithm, each of a plurality of nodes included in the blockchain network generates a first Generating a block and causing the first smart contract to be recorded in the first block; may include.

In addition, when the at least one consumer node completes the purchase of the agricultural products, the step of paying the raw material price to the at least one raw material provider node based on the first smart contract is included in the first smart contract and paying the raw material price to the at least one raw material provider node when the condition for payment of the raw material price is satisfied.

In addition, the step of recording, by the at least one agricultural investor node, at least one second smart contract including agricultural product investment information in a blockchain network, information on agricultural products invested by the at least one agricultural product investor node and the agricultural products Generating the second smart contract including payment conditions for investment proceeds; And by transmitting the second smart contract to at least one node included in the blockchain network, when the second smart contract is verified through a consensus algorithm, each of a plurality of nodes included in the blockchain network generates a second smart contract. Generating a block and causing the second smart contract to be recorded in the second block; may include.

In addition, when the raw material price is paid to the at least one raw material provider node, the step of paying the proceeds for the agricultural product investment to the at least one agricultural product investor node based on the second smart contract, the second When the condition for payment of proceeds for the agricultural investment included in the smart contract is satisfied, the step of distributing the proceeds to the at least one agricultural investor node; may include.

In addition, when at least one agricultural producer node participates in the first smart contract and the second smart contract, the at least one agricultural producer node blocks a plurality of transactions including information on each of a plurality of agricultural production processes. The recording in the chain network may include recognizing, by the at least one agricultural producer node, an identification code attached to the agricultural products being produced for each of the plurality of agricultural production processes; Generating, by the at least one agricultural producer node, a specific transaction including information about a specific production process in which the identification code is recognized among production processes of the plurality of agricultural products and a specific transaction including the identification code; And by transmitting the specific transaction to at least one node included in the blockchain network, when the specific transaction is verified through a consensus algorithm, generating a specific block in each of a plurality of nodes included in the blockchain network, Causing the specific transaction to be recorded in the specific block; may include.

The technical solutions obtainable in the present disclosure are not limited to the above-mentioned solutions, and other solutions not mentioned will become clear to those skilled in the art from the description below. You will be able to understand.

The present disclosure provides a decentralized agricultural supply chain management method based on blockchain, thereby ensuring transparency of the agricultural supply chain.

Effects obtainable in the present disclosure are not limited to the effects mentioned above, and other effects not mentioned will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the description below. .

Various aspects are now described with reference to the drawings, wherein like reference numbers are used to collectively refer to like elements. In the following embodiments, for explanation purposes, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of one or more aspects. However, it will be apparent that such aspect(s) may be practiced without these specific details.
1 is a diagram for explaining an example of a blockchain-based agricultural product supply chain management system in which various aspects of the present disclosure may be implemented.
2 is a flowchart illustrating an example of a method for managing a supply chain of agricultural products based on blockchain according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
3 depicts a simplified and general schematic diagram of an example computing environment in which embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented.

Various embodiments and/or aspects are now disclosed with reference to the drawings. In the following description, for purposes of explanation, numerous specific details are set forth in order to facilitate a general understanding of one or more aspects. However, it will also be appreciated by those skilled in the art that such aspect(s) may be practiced without these specific details. The following description and accompanying drawings describe in detail certain illustrative aspects of one or more aspects. However, these aspects are exemplary and some of the various methods in principle of the various aspects may be used, and the described descriptions are intended to include all such aspects and their equivalents. Specifically, “embodiment,” “example,” “aspect,” “exemplary,” etc., as used herein, is not to be construed as indicating that any aspect or design described is superior to or advantageous over other aspects or designs. Maybe not.

In addition, various aspects and features will be presented by a system that may include one or more apparatuses, terminals, servers, devices, components and/or modules, and the like. Various systems may include additional apparatuses, terminals, servers, devices, components and/or modules, etc., and/or the apparatuses, terminals, servers, etc. discussed in connection with the figures. It should also be understood and appreciated that may not include all of the devices, components, modules, etc.

As used herein, the terms "computer program", "component", "module", "system", etc. may be used interchangeably, and may include computer-related entities, hardware, firmware, software, combinations of software and hardware, or the execution of software. For example, a component may be, but is not limited to, a procedure, processor, object, thread of execution, program, and/or computer running on a processor. For example, both an application running on a computing device and a computing device may be components. One or more components may reside within a processor and/or thread of execution. A component can be localized within a single computer. A component may be distributed between two or more computers.

Also, these components can execute from various computer readable media having various data structures stored thereon. Components may be connected, for example, via signals with one or more packets of data (e.g., data and/or signals from one component interacting with another component in a local system, distributed system) to other systems and over a network such as the Internet. data being transmitted) may communicate via local and/or remote processes.

Hereinafter, the same reference numerals are given to the same or similar components regardless of reference numerals, and overlapping descriptions thereof will be omitted. In addition, in describing the embodiments disclosed in this specification, if it is determined that a detailed description of a related known technology may obscure the gist of the embodiment disclosed in this specification, the detailed description thereof will be omitted. In addition, the accompanying drawings are only for easy understanding of the embodiments disclosed in this specification, and the technical ideas disclosed in this specification are not limited by the accompanying drawings.

Terminology used herein is for describing the embodiments and is not intended to limit the present disclosure. In this specification, singular forms also include plural forms unless specifically stated otherwise in a phrase. As used herein, "comprises" and/or "comprising" does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other elements other than the recited elements.

Although first, second, etc. are used to describe various elements or components, these elements or components are not limited by these terms, of course. These terms are only used to distinguish one element or component from another. Accordingly, it goes without saying that the first element or component mentioned below may also be the second element or component within the technical spirit of the present disclosure.

Unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used in this specification may be used in a meaning commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure belongs. In addition, terms defined in commonly used dictionaries are not interpreted ideally or excessively unless explicitly specifically defined.

In addition, the term “or” is intended to mean an inclusive “or” rather than an exclusive “or”. That is, unless otherwise specified or clear from the context, “X employs A or B” is intended to mean one of the natural inclusive substitutions. That is, X uses A; X uses B; Or, if X uses both A and B, "X uses either A or B" may apply to either of these cases. Also, the term "and/or" as used herein should be understood to refer to and include all possible combinations of one or more of the listed related items.

In addition, the terms "information" and "data" used herein may often be used interchangeably with each other.

The suffixes "module" and "unit" for the components used in the following description are given or used interchangeably in consideration of ease of writing the specification, and do not have meanings or roles that are distinct from each other by themselves.

Objects and effects of the present disclosure, and technical configurations for achieving them will become clear with reference to embodiments described later in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In describing the present disclosure, if it is determined that a detailed description of a known function or configuration may unnecessarily obscure the gist of the present disclosure, the detailed description will be omitted. In addition, terms to be described later are terms defined in consideration of functions in the present disclosure, which may vary according to intentions or customs of users or operators.

However, the present disclosure is not limited to the embodiments disclosed below and may be implemented in a variety of different forms. These embodiments are provided only to make this disclosure complete and to completely inform those skilled in the art of the scope of the disclosure, and the disclosure is only defined by the scope of the claims. . Therefore, the definition should be made based on the contents throughout this specification.

The scope of rights to the steps in the claims of the present disclosure is caused by the functions and features described in each step, and unless the precedence of the order is specified in each step, the scope of rights in the claims It is not affected by the order in which each step is described. For example, in claims described as steps including steps A and B, even if step A is described before step B, the scope of rights is not limited to the fact that step A must precede step B.

1 is a diagram for explaining an example of a blockchain-based agricultural product supply chain management system in which various aspects of the present disclosure may be implemented.

Referring to FIG. 1, the blockchain-based agricultural supply chain management system includes a blockchain network 100, a raw material provider node 110, an agricultural producer node 120, an agricultural producer node 130, and an agricultural consumer node 140. can do. However, the above-described components are not essential for implementing a blockchain-based agricultural supply chain management system, so the blockchain-based agricultural supply chain management system may have more or fewer components than the components listed above.

The raw material provider node 110 according to some embodiments of the present disclosure may be a node associated with a user supplying raw materials required to produce agricultural products. For example, the raw material provider node 110 may be a node associated with a user providing seeds of agricultural products or seedlings of agricultural products. However, it is not limited thereto.

Meanwhile, the agricultural product investor node 120 according to some embodiments of the present disclosure may be a node associated with a user providing investment funds for costs required for producing agricultural products. For example, the agricultural investor node 120 may be a node associated with a user providing facility costs required for agricultural production. However, it is not limited thereto.

On the other hand, the agricultural producer node 130 according to some embodiments of the present disclosure receives raw materials from the above-described raw material provider node 110 and receives investment from the agricultural investor node 120, and a user who produces agricultural products and It can be a related node. For example, the produce producer node 130 may be a node associated with a farmer. However, it is not limited thereto.

On the other hand, the agricultural product consumer node 140 according to some embodiments of the present disclosure may be a node associated with a user purchasing agricultural products produced by a user associated with the agricultural product producer node 130 .

Each of the aforementioned raw material provider node 110, agricultural product investor node 120, agricultural producer node 130, and agricultural product consumer node 140 may be included in one blockchain network 100.

That is, the blockchain network 100 of the present disclosure includes a raw material provider node 110, an agricultural product investor node 120, an agricultural producer node 130, and an agricultural product consumer node 140, and may include a plurality of other nodes. can However, it is not limited thereto.

According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, each of the raw material provider node 110, the agricultural investor node 120, the agricultural producer node 130, and the agricultural consumer node 140 is, for example, a mobile phone or a smart phone. , laptop computers, personal digital assistants (PDAs), slate PCs, tablet PCs, and ultrabooks. However, it is not limited thereto, and each of the raw material provider node 110, the agricultural investor node 120, the agricultural producer node 130, and the agricultural consumer node 140 is, for example, a microprocessor, a mainframe computer, and a digital processor. , portable devices and device controllers, and the like. However, it is not limited thereto.

For convenience of description in the following description, the term 'plural nodes' is used to refer to each of the raw material provider node 110, the agricultural producer node 120, the agricultural producer node 130, and the agricultural consumer node 140. Use Here, the term 'a plurality of nodes' is for briefly describing the embodiments and is not intended to limit the present disclosure.

Each of the plurality of nodes according to some embodiments of the present disclosure may include a processor, a communication unit, and a memory. However, the above-described components are not essential for implementing each of the plurality of nodes, so each of the plurality of nodes may have more or fewer components than the components listed above. Here, each component may be configured as a separate chip, module, or device, or may be included in one device.

A processor of each of the plurality of nodes may typically control the overall operation of each of the plurality of nodes. The processor provides appropriate information or functions to a user related to each of a plurality of nodes by processing signals, data, information, etc. input or output through components of each of a plurality of nodes or by driving an application program stored in memory. can be dealt with

In addition, the processor of each of the plurality of nodes may control at least some of components of each of the plurality of nodes in order to drive an application program stored in a memory. Furthermore, the processor may combine and operate at least two or more of the components included in each of the plurality of nodes in order to drive the application program. Here, the application program stored in the memory may include, for example, a program for generating a smart contract related to the supply chain of agricultural products or generating a transaction. However, it is not limited thereto.

The communication unit of each of the plurality of nodes may include one or more modules enabling communication between the plurality of nodes. Also, the communication unit may include one or more modules connecting each of the plurality of nodes to one or more networks.

The memory of each of the plurality of nodes stores data supporting various functions of each of the plurality of nodes. The memory may store a plurality of application programs (application programs or applications) running in each of a plurality of nodes, data for operations of each of a plurality of nodes, and commands. At least some of these application programs may be downloaded from an external server through wireless communication. In addition, at least some of these application programs may exist on each of the plurality of nodes from the time of shipment for the basic function of each of the plurality of nodes. Meanwhile, the application program may be stored in a memory, installed on each of a plurality of nodes, and driven by a processor of each of a plurality of nodes to perform an operation (or function) of each of the plurality of nodes.

According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, each of a plurality of nodes may create a smart contract or transaction related to agricultural supply chain management, and record the generated smart contract or transaction in the blockchain network 100. However, it is not limited thereto.

Hereinafter, steps related to agricultural product supply chain management performed by each of a plurality of nodes will be described later with reference to FIG. 2 .

In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the blockchain network 100 may refer to a plurality of nodes operating based on blockchain technology. That is, the blockchain network 100 may include a plurality of nodes. Here, blockchain technology is a distributed storage technology that uses a storage structure in which blocks are connected in a chain form to store data to be managed in a plurality of nodes constituting a blockchain network.

The block chain network 100 transfers transactions transmitted from the raw material provider node 110, the agricultural producer node 120, the agricultural producer node 130, and/or the agricultural consumer node 140 to a block form based on a predetermined consensus algorithm. can be saved as Data stored in block form may be shared by a plurality of nodes constituting the blockchain network 100 .

In some demonstrative embodiments of the present disclosure, nodes in the blockchain network 100 may operate by a blockchain core package according to a hierarchical structure. The hierarchical structure is: a data layer that defines the structure of data handled in the blockchain network 100 and manages the data; performs mining to verify block validity and create blocks; and fees paid to miners during the mining process. A consensus layer in charge of processing, an execution layer that processes and executes smart contracts, a common layer that implements and manages P2P network protocols, hash functions, digital signatures, encoding, and common storage, and a common layer that creates, processes, and manages various applications. It may include an application layer.

Blockchain network 100 includes a plurality of nodes (raw material provider node 110, agricultural investor node 120, agricultural producer node 130, and agricultural consumer node 140 included in blockchain network 100) can do. Also, a plurality of nodes included in the blockchain network 100 may receive transactions from other nodes. In this case, each of a plurality of nodes included in the blockchain network 100 may verify the transaction through a consensus algorithm and generate a block. Also, each of the plurality of nodes may record a transaction in the created block.

Each of the raw material provider node 110, agricultural producer node 120, agricultural producer node 130, and agricultural consumer node 140 included in the blockchain network 100 operates as a node constituting the blockchain network 100. You may. In this example, each of the raw material provider node 110, agricultural investor node 120, agricultural producer node 130, and agricultural consumer node 140 included in the blockchain network 100 has a wallet function, a miner ( miner) function, and at least one function of storing full blockchain data. For example, when each of the raw material provider node 110, the agricultural producer node 120, the agricultural producer node 130, and the agricultural consumer node 140 included in the blockchain network 100 includes only a wallet function, a transaction and a node that performs validation (eg, a simplified payment verification (SPV) node).

The term "node" used in this disclosure refers to at least one of the raw material provider node 110, the agricultural producer node 120, the agricultural producer node 130, and the agricultural consumer node 140 included in the blockchain network 100. It may be any type of computing device such as a server or a terminal capable of exchanging data with each other. However, it is not limited thereto, and the node may be any device capable of mutually exchanging data between a plurality of nodes.

According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, a plurality of nodes included in the blockchain network 100 may include a full block chain node and a lightweight node.

A full blockchain node can include all block information from the first block in the block chain to the currently newly created block. In addition, the full blockchain node collects and stores all blockchain information, and can verify the received block in order to add a new block.

A lightweight node does not have the original source of all block information, and may include only header information. In order for a lightweight node to verify a transaction, it can perform SPV (Simple Payment Verify).

For example, a lightweight node can request block information from a full blockchain node and confirm the authentication details of the transaction through the Merkle Root.

However, for convenience of description, a plurality of nodes included in the blockchain network 100 can be described below on the assumption that they are full blockchain nodes.

The term “block” used in the present disclosure is a unit stored in a blockchain network, and can form a blockchain by being connected to adjacent blocks. The information related to the information of the raw material provider node 110, the information of the agricultural investor node 120, the information of the agricultural producer node 130, the information of the agricultural consumer node 140, and the information of the blockchain network 100 are transacted. Once issued to the blockchain network, the corresponding transaction can be included in a block and recorded on the blockchain network. Depending on the settings of the blockchain network, the right to read, the right to agree, and/or the right to verify data stored in a block may be determined.

A plurality of nodes included in the blockchain network 100 may share and store generated transactions and/or smart contracts through the network. In addition, a plurality of nodes may perform a function of recording a transaction in a block when the transaction and/or smart contract verification is completed through the consensus algorithm of block chain technology.

Depending on the type of implementation, the blockchain network 100 may include a public blockchain network in which arbitrary nodes can perform consensus operation or a private blockchain network in which only predetermined nodes can perform consensus operation. .

According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the consensus algorithms performed in the blockchain network 100 are: Proof of Work (PoW) algorithm, Proof of Stake (PoS) algorithm, Delegated Proof of Stake (DPoS) algorithm, Practical PBFT (Practical Byzantine Fault Tolerance (DBFT) Algorithm, Delegated Byzantine Fault Tolerance (DBFT) Algorithm, Redundant Byzantine Fault Tolerance (RBFT) Algorithm, Sieve Algorithm, Tendermint Algorithm, Paxos Algorithm, Raft Algorithm, PoA (Proof of Authority) Algorithm, and/or PoET (Proof of Authority) Elapsed Time) algorithm.

Meanwhile, the blockchain network structure according to some embodiments of the present disclosure may be of a public type or a private type. In the case of a public blockchain network, since verification must be performed on all nodes to verify a transaction, there is a disadvantage that it is inefficient in terms of consensus time, transaction processing speed, and efficiency of use of computing resources. Because it is possible, there may be advantages in the transparency and integrity of the stored data. In addition, in the case of a private type (or consortium type) blockchain, since the operator is clear, there is an advantage of being efficient in terms of consensus time, transaction processing speed, and efficiency of use of computing resources, but transparency of the transaction processing process and results In terms of, there may be advantages.

The consensus algorithm in some embodiments of the present disclosure may be a private type or consortium type blockchain network in order to improve user experience through efficient utilization of computing resources and increase in transaction processing speed, but is not limited thereto. Depending on the implementation, the public type may be used as a consensus algorithm if transparency of a transaction or smart contract is to be emphasized more.

A smart contract according to embodiments of the present disclosure may be written in a digital language for performing agricultural supply chain management and executed in any computing device. That is, when the code and / or function included in the smart contract is executed, any form of agricultural supply chain management (eg, production, investment and sale of agricultural products, etc.) according to embodiments of the present disclosure can be performed. .

The smart contract according to the embodiments of the present disclosure is based on at least one of a method of creating a new smart contract, a method of executing a function on a specific smart contract, or a method of transmitting a coin operable in the blockchain network 100. can be executed by In addition, smart contracts can be executed by transactions initiated by externally owned accounts or by other contracts.

A coin in this specification may mean any type of encryption currency operable on the blockchain network 100.

A smart contract for performing agricultural supply chain management according to embodiments of the present disclosure requires a specific execution cost when executing a transaction, for example, to prevent malicious code such as infinite repetition and to protect the integrity of data related to agricultural supply chain management. It can also be stipulated to pay. The execution cost here may mean any type of coin transactable in the blockchain network 100 or another type of medium that can be interlocked with the coin (eg, gas). As a non-limiting example, the default execution cost of a transaction may be set at 21,000 gas. For example, such an execution cost may include a cost for processing an Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm (ECDSA) for the account address of the transaction issuer, a storage cost for storing the transaction, and a network bandwidth cost. In this way, if a smart contract is defined to pay a specific cost when executing it, malicious attacks such as intentional DDoS attacks and infinite execution can be prevented.

A call between smart contracts to perform agricultural supply chain management according to embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented using a structure called a message. For example, such a message can be created by a contract account (CA) and passed to another contract when calling a function. In one embodiment, since messages in this case are created and processed inside the blockchain network 100, unlike transactions that occur in externally owned accounts, separate execution costs such as gas may not be incurred.

In implementing agricultural supply chain management according to embodiments of the present disclosure, when synchronizing through a blockchain by including a function of a smart contract in a compiled code form in a transaction, using the information included in the transaction as an input of the function A smart contract can be implemented in a way that executes a function expressed in code and then stores the result in a separate state.

When the content of the function and the input of the function are shared by a smart contract shared on the blockchain network 100, the integrity of the data can be guaranteed even if the result of the function is not shared separately.

In a further embodiment, the computing devices constituting the blockchain network 100 of the present disclosure for performing agricultural supply chain management include a transaction storage database that changes the state of the smart contract and a smart contract that stores the latest state of the smart contract. It can also contain a contract database. In this case, the smart contract for agricultural supply chain management in the present disclosure may be defined as an application that can change the state on the blockchain network 100 (ie, agricultural supply chain management application), and the smart contract The state can be defined as a variable used in the application (ie, item trading application), and the input values for changing it are the raw material provider node 110, the agricultural investor node 120, the agricultural producer node 130, and It may be included in a transaction issued from at least one of the produce consumer nodes 140 .

In a further embodiment, the database storing smart contract state may be merged with the database storing transactions to achieve a high compression ratio. In addition, it can operate separately from the database that stores transactions to achieve the distributed agreement of the database that stores the state of the smart contract and the low dependency of the smart contract.

Various embodiments described herein may be implemented in a recording medium and a storage medium readable by a computer or similar device using, for example, software, hardware, or a combination thereof.

According to hardware implementation, the embodiments described herein include application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), digital signal processors (DSPs), digital signal processing devices (DSPDs), programmable logic devices (PLDs), field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), It may be implemented using at least one of processors, controllers, micro-controllers, microprocessors, and electrical units for performing other functions. The described embodiments may be implemented by the processor itself of each of the components included in the blockchain-based agricultural supply chain management system.

According to software implementation, embodiments such as procedures and functions described in this specification may be implemented as separate software modules. Each of the software modules may perform one or more functions and operations described herein. The software code may be implemented as a software application written in any suitable programming language. The software code may be executed by each processor of components included in the blockchain-based agricultural supply chain management system.

2 is a flowchart illustrating an example of a method for managing a supply chain of agricultural products based on blockchain according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

Referring to FIG. 2, at least one raw material provider node 110 may record at least one first smart contract including raw material provision information in the blockchain network 100 (S110).

Specifically, the at least one raw material provider node 110 is a first smart device including information on raw materials provided by the at least one raw material provider node 110, information on the raw material price, and payment conditions for the raw material price. A contract can be created.

In addition, the at least one raw material provider node 110 transmits the first smart contract to at least one node included in the blockchain network 100, so that when the first smart contract is verified through the consensus algorithm, the blockchain network A first block can be created in each of the plurality of nodes included in (100), and the first smart contract can be caused to be recorded in the first block.

At least one agricultural investor node 120 may record at least one second smart contract including agricultural investment information in the blockchain network 100 (S120).

Specifically, at least one agricultural investor node 120 may create the second smart contract including information on agricultural products to be invested and conditions for payment of proceeds for the agricultural products investment.

In addition, the at least one agricultural investor node 120 transmits the second smart contract to at least one node included in the blockchain network 100, so that when the second smart contract is verified through the consensus algorithm, the blockchain network A second block can be created in each of the plurality of nodes included in (100), and the second smart contract can be caused to be recorded in the second block.

When at least one agricultural producer node 130 participates in the first smart contract and the second smart contract, a plurality of transactions including information on each of a plurality of agricultural production processes may be recorded in the blockchain network (S130 ).

Specifically, at least one agricultural producer node 130 may recognize an identification code (eg, QR-Code) attached to agricultural products being produced for each of a plurality of agricultural production processes. For example, at least one agricultural producer node 130 may recognize an identification code attached to agricultural products using a camera of an agricultural production facility or a camera of a terminal.

Meanwhile, at least one agricultural product producer node 130 may generate a specific transaction including information and an identification code for a specific production process in which an identification code is recognized among a plurality of agricultural production processes. In addition, at least one agricultural producer node 130 transmits the specific transaction to at least one node included in the blockchain network 100, so that when the specific transaction is verified through a consensus algorithm, the blockchain network 100 A specific block can be created in each of a plurality of nodes included in and the specific transaction can be caused to be recorded in the specific block.

That is, at least one agricultural producer node 130 may generate a transaction related to the production of agricultural products for each stage of production of agricultural products, and record the generated transaction in the blockchain network 100 .

Therefore, the supply chain management system for agricultural products of the present disclosure can ensure transparency in the production process of agricultural products. In addition, the consumer node 140 associated with the user purchasing the agricultural products can easily grasp the quality of the agricultural products by inquiring the production process of the agricultural products through the transaction recorded in the blockchain network 100.

According to some additional embodiments of the present disclosure, before the above-described steps (S110 to S130) are performed, the at least one agricultural producer node 130 sends a license related to agricultural production permission to the blockchain network 100. ) can be recorded.

In addition, a specific agricultural producer node in which a license related to an agricultural product production permit is not recorded in the blockchain network 100 may not be able to participate in the agricultural product supply chain management system of the present disclosure.

That is, in the agricultural product supply chain management system of the present disclosure, only users who have received permission related to agricultural production can participate as the agricultural producer node 130 . However, it is not limited thereto.

According to some other additional embodiments of the present disclosure, a specific node included in the blockchain network 100 uses information about the agricultural production process recorded in the blockchain network 100 to generate a specific agricultural producer node 130. A score can be calculated. In addition, the specific node may map the calculated score with the license of the specific agricultural producer node 130 and record it in the blockchain network.

Accordingly, when purchasing agricultural products, consumers can determine whether or not to purchase agricultural products produced according to various criteria (eg, license status and score).

Meanwhile, at least one agricultural producer node 130 may record a third smart contract related to the sale of agricultural products in the blockchain network (S140).

After the third smart contract is recorded in the blockchain network 100, at least one consumer node 140 may participate in the third smart contract.

When at least one consumer node 140 participates in the third smart contract, it is possible to obtain quality information on the produced agricultural products by inquiring a plurality of transactions including information on each of the agricultural production processes. And, at least one consumer node 140 may determine whether to purchase the agricultural products.

As at least one consumer node 140 determines to purchase agricultural products, when the purchase of agricultural products is completed, the raw material price is transferred to at least one raw material provider node based on the above-described first smart contract in step S110. It can be paid (S150).

Specifically, when the condition for payment of the raw material price included in the first smart contract is satisfied, the raw material price may be paid to at least one raw material provider node 110 . For example, when 'sale of agricultural products', which is a 'condition for payment of raw material prices', is completed, the raw material prices may be paid to at least one raw material provider node 110 . However, it is not limited thereto.

When the raw material price is paid to the at least one raw material provider node 110, the proceeds for the agricultural investment are paid to the at least one agricultural investor node 120 based on the second smart contract described above in step S120. It can be (S160).

Specifically, when the condition for payment of proceeds for the agricultural investment included in the second smart contract is satisfied, the proceeds may be paid to at least one agricultural investor node 120. For example, when the sale of agricultural products is completed as much as the 'preset sale quantity of agricultural products', which is the 'profit payment condition', the proceeds may be paid to at least one agricultural product investor node 120 . However, it is not limited thereto.

When the proceeds for the investment in agricultural products are paid to at least one agricultural investor node 120, the remaining amount excluding the raw material cost and proceeds from the agricultural sales proceeds generated as the at least one consumer node 140 completes the purchase of agricultural products. This may be paid to the produce producer node 130. That is, the raw material price may be a part of the agricultural product sales price, and the proceeds from the agricultural product investment may be a part of the remaining price except the raw material price from the agricultural product sales price. However, it is not limited thereto.

According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the agricultural products supply chain management system may be configured through smart contracts or transactions recorded in the blockchain network 100 by each participant (node) of the agricultural products management system.

In this case, since various information related to agricultural product management is recorded in the blockchain network 100, transparency and integrity of agricultural product management can be guaranteed.

In addition, since the production process of agricultural products is recorded in the blockchain network 100 in the form of a transaction, consumers can easily grasp the quality of agricultural products.

In addition, since information related to the sale of agricultural products is made through smart contracts, concerns such as non-payment of payments can be resolved.

3 depicts a simplified and general schematic diagram of an example computing environment in which embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented.

Although the present disclosure has generally been described above in the context of computer-executable instructions that can be executed on one or more computers, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the present disclosure may be implemented in conjunction with other program modules and/or in a combination of hardware and software. will be.

Generally, modules herein include routines, procedures, programs, components, data structures, etc. that perform particular tasks or implement particular abstract data types. It will also be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the methods of the present disclosure may be used in single-processor or multiprocessor computer systems, minicomputers, mainframe computers, as well as personal computers, handheld computing devices, microprocessor-based or programmable consumer electronics, and the like (each of which is It will be appreciated that other computer system configurations may be implemented, including those that may be operative in connection with one or more associated devices.

The described embodiments of the present disclosure may also be practiced in distributed computing environments where certain tasks are performed by remote processing devices that are linked through a communications network. In a distributed computing environment, program modules may be located in both local and remote memory storage devices.

Computers typically include a variety of computer readable media. Computer readable media can be any medium that can be accessed by a computer, including volatile and nonvolatile media, transitory and non-transitory media, removable and non-transitory media. Includes removable media. By way of example, and not limitation, computer readable media may include computer readable storage media and computer readable transmission media.

Computer readable storage media are volatile and nonvolatile media, transitory and non-transitory, removable and non-removable media implemented in any method or technology for storage of information such as computer readable instructions, data structures, program modules or other data. includes media Computer readable storage media may include RAM, ROM, EEPROM, flash memory or other memory technology, CD-ROM, digital video disk (DVD) or other optical disk storage device, magnetic cassette, magnetic tape, magnetic disk storage device or other magnetic storage device. device, or any other medium that can be accessed by a computer and used to store desired information.

A computer readable transmission medium typically embodies computer readable instructions, data structures, program modules or other data in a modulated data signal such as a carrier wave or other transport mechanism. Including all information delivery media. The term modulated data signal means a signal that has one or more of its characteristics set or changed so as to encode information within the signal. By way of example, and not limitation, computer readable transmission media includes wired media such as a wired network or direct-wired connection, and wireless media such as acoustic, RF, infrared, and other wireless media. Combinations of any of the above are also intended to be included within the scope of computer readable transmission media.

An exemplary environment 1100 implementing various aspects of the present disclosure is shown including a computer 1102, which includes a processing unit 1104, a system memory 1106, and a system bus 1108. do. System bus 1108 couples system components, including but not limited to system memory 1106 , to processing unit 1104 . Processing unit 1104 may be any of a variety of commercially available processors. Dual processor and other multiprocessor architectures may also be used as the processing unit 1104.

The system bus 1108 may be any of several types of bus structures that may additionally be interconnected to a memory bus, a peripheral bus, and a local bus using any of a variety of commercial bus architectures. System memory 1106 includes read only memory (ROM) 1110 and random access memory (RAM) 1112 . A basic input/output system (BIOS) is stored in non-volatile memory 1110, such as ROM, EPROM, or EEPROM, and is a basic set of information that helps transfer information between components within computer 1102, such as during startup. contains routines. RAM 1112 may also include high-speed RAM, such as static RAM, for caching data.

The computer 1102 may also include an internal hard disk drive (HDD) 1114 (eg, EIDE, SATA) - the internal hard disk drive 1114 may also be configured for external use within a suitable chassis (not shown). Yes—a magnetic floppy disk drive (FDD) 1116 (e.g., for reading from or writing to removable diskette 1118), and an optical disk drive 1120 (e.g., CD-ROM) for reading disc 1122 or reading from or writing to other high capacity optical media such as DVDs). The hard disk drive 1114, magnetic disk drive 1116, and optical disk drive 1120 are connected to the system bus 1108 by a hard disk drive interface 1124, magnetic disk drive interface 1126, and optical drive interface 1128, respectively. ) can be connected to The interface 1124 for external drive implementation includes, for example, at least one or both of Universal Serial Bus (USB) and IEEE 1394 interface technologies.

These drives and their associated computer readable media provide non-volatile storage of data, data structures, computer executable instructions, and the like. In the case of computer 1102, drives and media correspond to storing any data in a suitable digital format. Although the description of computer-readable storage media above refers to HDDs, removable magnetic disks, and removable optical media such as CDs or DVDs, those skilled in the art can use zip drives, magnetic cassettes, flash memory cards, cartridges, It will be appreciated that other types of storage media readable by the computer may also be used in the exemplary operating environment and any such media may include computer executable instructions for performing the methods of the present disclosure. .

A number of program modules may be stored on the drive and RAM 1112, including an operating system 1130, one or more application programs 1132, other program modules 1134, and program data 1136. All or portions of the operating system, applications, modules and/or data may also be cached in RAM 1112. It will be appreciated that the present disclosure may be implemented in a variety of commercially available operating systems or combinations of operating systems.

A user may enter commands and information into the computer 1102 through one or more wired/wireless input devices, such as a keyboard 1138 and a pointing device such as a mouse 1140. Other input devices (not shown) may include a microphone, IR remote control, joystick, game pad, stylus pen, touch screen, and the like. Although these and other input devices are often connected to the processing unit 1104 through an input device interface 1142 that is connected to the system bus 1108, a parallel port, IEEE 1394 serial port, game port, USB port, IR interface, may be connected by other interfaces such as the like.

A monitor 1144 or other type of display device is also connected to the system bus 1108 through an interface such as a video adapter 1146. In addition to the monitor 1144, computers typically include other peripheral output devices (not shown) such as speakers, printers, and the like.

Computer 1102 may operate in a networked environment using logical connections to one or more remote computers, such as remote computer(s) 1148 via wired and/or wireless communications. Remote computer(s) 1148 may be a workstation, server computer, router, personal computer, handheld computer, microprocessor-based entertainment device, peer device, or other common network node, and may generally refer to computer 1102. Although many or all of the described components are included, for brevity, only memory storage device 1150 is shown. The logical connections shown include wired/wireless connections to a local area network (LAN) 1152 and/or a larger network, such as a wide area network (WAN) 1154 . Such LAN and WAN networking environments are common in offices and corporations and facilitate enterprise-wide computer networks, such as intranets, all of which can be connected to worldwide computer networks, such as the Internet.

When used in a LAN networking environment, computer 1102 connects to local network 1152 through wired and/or wireless communication network interfaces or adapters 1156. Adapter 1156 may facilitate wired or wireless communications to LAN 1152, which also includes a wireless access point installed therein to communicate with wireless adapter 1156. When used in a WAN networking environment, computer 1102 may include a modem 1158, be connected to a communications server on WAN 1154, or other device that establishes communications over WAN 1154, such as over the Internet. have the means A modem 1158, which may be internal or external and a wired or wireless device, is connected to the system bus 1108 through a serial port interface 1142. In a networked environment, program modules described for computer 1102, or portions thereof, may be stored on remote memory/storage device 1150. It will be appreciated that the network connections shown are exemplary and other means of establishing a communication link between computers may be used.

Computer 1102 is any wireless device or entity that is deployed and operating in wireless communication, eg, printers, scanners, desktop and/or portable computers, portable data assistants (PDAs), communication satellites, wireless detectable tags associated with It operates to communicate with arbitrary equipment or places and telephones. This includes at least Wi-Fi and Bluetooth wireless technologies. Thus, the communication may be a predefined structure as in conventional networks or simply an ad hoc communication between at least two devices.

Wi-Fi (Wireless Fidelity) makes it possible to connect to the Internet without wires. Wi-Fi is a wireless technology, such as a cell phone, that allows such devices, eg, computers, to transmit and receive data both indoors and outdoors, i.e. anywhere within coverage of a base station. Wi-Fi networks use a radio technology called IEEE 802.11 (a,b,g, etc.) to provide secure, reliable, and high-speed wireless connections. Wi-Fi can be used to connect computers to each other, to the Internet, and to wired networks (using IEEE 802.3 or Ethernet). Wi-Fi networks can operate in the unlicensed 2.4 and 5 GHz radio bands, for example, at 11 Mbps (802.11a) or 54 Mbps (802.11b) data rates, or on products that include both bands (dual band). there is.

Those skilled in the art will understand that the various illustrative logical blocks, modules, processors, means, circuits, and algorithm steps described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein are electronic hardware, (for convenience) , may be implemented by various forms of program or design code (referred to herein as “software”) or a combination of both. To clearly illustrate this interchangeability of hardware and software, various illustrative components, blocks, modules, circuits, and steps have been described above generally in terms of their functionality. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware or software depends on the particular application and the design constraints imposed on the overall system. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality in varying ways for each particular application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as causing a departure from the scope of the present disclosure.

Various embodiments presented herein may be implemented as a method, apparatus, or article of manufacture using standard programming and/or engineering techniques. The term "article of manufacture" includes a computer program, carrier, or media accessible from any computer-readable device. For example, computer-readable storage media include magnetic storage devices (eg, hard disks, floppy disks, magnetic strips, etc.), optical disks (eg, CDs, DVDs, etc.), smart cards, and flash memory devices (eg, EEPROM, cards, sticks, key drives, etc.), but are not limited thereto. The term “machine-readable medium” includes, but is not limited to, wireless channels and various other media that can store, hold, and/or convey instruction(s) and/or data.

It is to be understood that the specific order or hierarchy of steps in the processes presented is an example of example approaches. Based upon design priorities, it is to be understood that the specific order or hierarchy of steps in the processes may be rearranged within the scope of this disclosure. The accompanying method claims present elements of the various steps in a sample order, but are not meant to be limited to the specific order or hierarchy presented.

The description of the presented embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present disclosure. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art of this disclosure, and the general principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the scope of this disclosure. Thus, the present disclosure is not to be limited to the embodiments presented herein, but is to be interpreted in the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features presented herein.

Claims (7)

In the block chain-based agricultural supply chain management method performed by a computing device,
The method,
At least one raw material provider node recording at least one first smart contract including raw material provision information in a blockchain network;
At least one agricultural investor node recording at least one second smart contract including agricultural investment information in a blockchain network;
When at least one agricultural producer node participates in the first smart contract and the second smart contract, recording a plurality of transactions including information on each of a plurality of agricultural production processes in a blockchain network;
Recording a third smart contract related to the sale of agricultural products produced by the at least one agricultural producer node in a blockchain network;
When at least one consumer node participates in the third smart contract, a plurality of transactions including information on each production process of the agricultural products are retrieved to obtain quality information on the produced agricultural products, and whether or not the agricultural products are purchased. determining;
When the at least one consumer node completes the purchase of the agricultural products, paying a price for raw materials to the at least one raw material provider node based on the first smart contract;
If the raw material price is paid to the at least one raw material provider node, paying proceeds for the agricultural product investment to the at least one agricultural product investor node based on the second smart contract; and
When the proceeds for the investment in the agricultural products are paid to the at least one agricultural investor node, the amount remaining after excluding the raw material cost and the proceeds from the agricultural product sales proceeds generated as the at least one consumer node completes the purchase of the agricultural products. is paid to the agricultural producer node;
including,
The first to third smart contracts are executed by a method of transmitting an operable coin in the blockchain, and when the transaction is recorded, the coin or a medium interworking with the coin is paid as an execution cost, and The execution cost includes a cost for processing the Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm (ECDSA) for the account address of the transaction issuer, a storage cost for storing the transaction, and a network bandwidth cost,
Blockchain-based agricultural supply chain management method.
According to claim 1,
The blockchain network,
Including the at least one raw material provider node, at least one agricultural investor node and the at least one agricultural producer node,
Blockchain-based agricultural supply chain management method.
According to claim 1,
The at least one raw material provider node recording at least one first smart contract including raw material provision information in a blockchain network,
generating the first smart contract including information on raw materials provided by the at least one raw material provider node, information on the price of the raw materials, and payment conditions for the price of the raw materials; and
By transmitting the first smart contract to at least one node included in the blockchain network, when the first smart contract is verified through a consensus algorithm, a first block is generated from each of a plurality of nodes included in the blockchain network. Generating and causing the first smart contract to be recorded in the first block;
including,
Blockchain-based agricultural supply chain management method.
According to claim 3,
When the at least one consumer node completes the purchase of the agricultural products, the step of paying the raw material price to the at least one raw material provider node based on the first smart contract,
If the condition for payment of the raw material price included in the first smart contract is satisfied, the step of paying the raw material price to the at least one raw material provider node;
including,
Blockchain-based agricultural supply chain management method.
According to claim 1,
The step of the at least one agricultural investor node recording at least one second smart contract including agricultural investment information in the blockchain network,
Generating the second smart contract including information on agricultural products invested by the at least one agricultural product investor node and conditions for payment of proceeds for the agricultural product investment; and
By transmitting the second smart contract to at least one node included in the blockchain network, when the second smart contract is verified through a consensus algorithm, a second block is generated from each of a plurality of nodes included in the blockchain network. Generating and causing the second smart contract to be recorded in the second block;
including,
Blockchain-based agricultural supply chain management method.
According to claim 5,
When the raw material price is paid to the at least one raw material provider node, the step of paying the proceeds for the agricultural product investment to the at least one agricultural product investor node based on the second smart contract,
When a condition for payment of proceeds for the agricultural investment included in the second smart contract is satisfied, distributing the proceeds to the at least one agricultural investor node;
including,
Blockchain-based agricultural supply chain management method.
According to claim 1,
When at least one agricultural producer node participates in the first smart contract and the second smart contract, the at least one agricultural producer node transmits a plurality of transactions including information on each of a plurality of agricultural production processes to the blockchain network. The steps to record in are:
Recognizing, by the at least one agricultural producer node, an identification code attached to the agricultural products being produced for each of the plurality of agricultural production processes;
Generating, by the at least one agricultural producer node, a specific transaction including information about a specific production process in which the identification code is recognized among production processes of the plurality of agricultural products and a specific transaction including the identification code; and
By transmitting the specific transaction to at least one node included in the blockchain network, when the specific transaction is verified through a consensus algorithm, a specific block is generated in each of a plurality of nodes included in the blockchain network, and the causing the particular transaction to be written to a particular block;
including,
Blockchain-based agricultural supply chain management method.

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