KR102479126B1 - Natural gas cooling system - Google Patents

Natural gas cooling system Download PDF

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KR102479126B1
KR102479126B1 KR1020180150011A KR20180150011A KR102479126B1 KR 102479126 B1 KR102479126 B1 KR 102479126B1 KR 1020180150011 A KR1020180150011 A KR 1020180150011A KR 20180150011 A KR20180150011 A KR 20180150011A KR 102479126 B1 KR102479126 B1 KR 102479126B1
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natural gas
line
heat
cooling
pipe
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KR1020180150011A
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Korean (ko)
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KR20200063832A (en
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이경민
이동훈
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삼성중공업 주식회사
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0257—Construction and layout of liquefaction equipments, e.g. valves, machines
    • F25J1/0262—Details of the cold heat exchange system
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B21/00—Machines, plants or systems, using electric or magnetic effects
    • F25B21/02—Machines, plants or systems, using electric or magnetic effects using Peltier effect; using Nernst-Ettinghausen effect
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
    • F25J1/0022—Hydrocarbons, e.g. natural gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
    • F25J1/0047—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle
    • F25J1/0052—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle by vaporising a liquid refrigerant stream
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0211—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a multi-component refrigerant [MCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle
    • F25J1/0217—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a multi-component refrigerant [MCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle as at least a three level refrigeration cascade with at least one MCR cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0225—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using other external refrigeration means not provided before, e.g. heat driven absorption chillers
    • F25J1/0227—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using other external refrigeration means not provided before, e.g. heat driven absorption chillers within a refrigeration cascade
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0257—Construction and layout of liquefaction equipments, e.g. valves, machines
    • F25J1/0262—Details of the cold heat exchange system
    • F25J1/0264—Arrangement of heat exchanger cores in parallel with different functions, e.g. different cooling streams
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0257—Construction and layout of liquefaction equipments, e.g. valves, machines
    • F25J1/0262—Details of the cold heat exchange system
    • F25J1/0264—Arrangement of heat exchanger cores in parallel with different functions, e.g. different cooling streams
    • F25J1/0265—Arrangement of heat exchanger cores in parallel with different functions, e.g. different cooling streams comprising cores associated exclusively with the cooling of a refrigerant stream, e.g. for auto-refrigeration or economizer
    • F25J1/0268—Arrangement of heat exchanger cores in parallel with different functions, e.g. different cooling streams comprising cores associated exclusively with the cooling of a refrigerant stream, e.g. for auto-refrigeration or economizer using a dedicated refrigeration means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0279—Compression of refrigerant or internal recycle fluid, e.g. kind of compressor, accumulator, suction drum etc.
    • F25J1/0292—Refrigerant compression by cold or cryogenic suction of the refrigerant gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2321/00—Details of machines, plants or systems, using electric or magnetic effects
    • F25B2321/02—Details of machines, plants or systems, using electric or magnetic effects using Peltier effects; using Nernst-Ettinghausen effects
    • F25B2321/023—Mounting details thereof
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2205/00—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means
    • F25J2205/86—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means using electrical phenomena, e.g. Corona discharge, electrolysis or magnetic field
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2210/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the feed stream
    • F25J2210/06—Splitting of the feed stream, e.g. for treating or cooling in different ways
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2270/00—Refrigeration techniques used
    • F25J2270/90—External refrigeration, e.g. conventional closed-loop mechanical refrigeration unit using Freon or NH3, unspecified external refrigeration
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2270/00—Refrigeration techniques used
    • F25J2270/90—External refrigeration, e.g. conventional closed-loop mechanical refrigeration unit using Freon or NH3, unspecified external refrigeration
    • F25J2270/908—External refrigeration, e.g. conventional closed-loop mechanical refrigeration unit using Freon or NH3, unspecified external refrigeration by regenerative chillers, i.e. oscillating or dynamic systems, e.g. Stirling refrigerator, thermoelectric ("Peltier") or magnetic refrigeration

Abstract

천연가스 냉각 장치가 개시된다. 본 발명의 일 측면에 따르면, 천연가스를 LNG로 액화하는 천연가스 냉각 장치에 있어서, 천연가스가 통과하는 배관라인 및 천연가스와 열교환하는 냉매가 통과하는 냉매라인 중 어느 하나 이상에 설치될 수 있으며, 2가지 금속의 각각의 전기적 특성을 이용하여 냉열을 공급하는 열전 모듈을 포함하는 천연가스 냉각 장치가 제공될 수 있다.A natural gas cooling device is disclosed. According to one aspect of the present invention, in a natural gas cooling device for liquefying natural gas into LNG, it may be installed in any one or more of a pipeline line through which natural gas passes and a refrigerant line through which a refrigerant that exchanges heat with natural gas passes, , A natural gas cooling device including a thermoelectric module supplying cold heat using the electrical characteristics of each of the two metals may be provided.

Description

천연가스 냉각 장치{NATURAL GAS COOLING SYSTEM}Natural gas cooling system {NATURAL GAS COOLING SYSTEM}

본 발명은 천연가스 냉각 장치에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a natural gas cooling system.

일반적으로, LNG 액화 공정은 최소 2원 이상의 냉각 냉매를 사용하여 천연가스의 냉각을 수행하게 되는데, 이때 냉매를 통한 외부와의 열교환을 위해서 수많은 배관 및 관련 기기가 동원된다. 이때, 배관을 통한 냉열 손실 및 열 침입이 상당하다. 이로 인해, 시뮬레이션 상에서의 프로세스 컨디션과 실제 공정 환경에서의 프로세스 컨디션 간에 차이가 상당하고, 해당 냉열 손실 및 외부 열 침입은 압축기, 응축기, JT 밸브 등의 부하를 가중시킨다.In general, in the LNG liquefaction process, natural gas is cooled using at least two refrigerants, and at this time, numerous pipes and related devices are mobilized for heat exchange with the outside through the refrigerant. At this time, cooling heat loss and heat penetration through the pipe are significant. Because of this, there is a significant difference between the process conditions in the simulation and the process conditions in the actual process environment, and the corresponding cooling heat loss and external heat intrusion increase the load of the compressor, condenser, JT valve, and the like.

또한, 기존 공정을 위하여 설치되는 스키드(skid)에는 기본적으로 기수분리기, 압축기, 오일 쿨러, 응축기, JT 밸브, 오일 회수기와 같은 기기가 설치되는데, 그 중량이 상당하다. 특히 해상에서 운용되는 FLNG의 경우는 이러한 중량이 중량컨트롤에 큰 영향을 미친다.In addition, devices such as a water separator, a compressor, an oil cooler, a condenser, a JT valve, and an oil recovery machine are basically installed on a skid installed for the existing process, and their weight is considerable. In particular, in the case of FLNG operated at sea, this weight has a great influence on weight control.

또한, 압축기 가동 및 밸브 전후의 압력차에 의해 발생하는 소음은 작업자의 피로도를 가중시키는 문제가 있다.In addition, there is a problem in that noise generated by compressor operation and a pressure difference before and after the valve increases operator fatigue.

일본 등록특허 제5032562호 공보Japanese Patent Registration No. 5032562

본 발명의 실시예는, 냉열 손실 및 열 침입 등으로 인한 과부하를 해결하고, 설비를 경량화시킬 수 있으며, 저진동으로 작업환경을 개선할 수 있으며, 설비의 수명을 연장할 수 있는 천연가스 냉각 장치를 제공할 수 있다.An embodiment of the present invention is a natural gas cooling device capable of solving overload due to loss of cold heat and heat intrusion, lightening equipment, improving working environment with low vibration, and extending the life of equipment. can provide

본 발명의 일 측면에 따르면, 천연가스를 LNG로 액화하는 천연가스 냉각 장치에 있어서, 상기 천연가스가 통과하는 배관라인; 상기 천연가스와 열교환하는 냉매가 통과하고, 압축기, 응축기 및 팽창밸브가 설치되는 냉매라인; 상기 배관라인과 상기 냉매라인 사이에 열교환이 이루어지는 열교환기; 상기 배관라인을 통과하는 천연가스의 일부가 상기 열교환기를 통과하지 않고 우회하도록 상기 배관라인에 연결되는 바이패스라인; 및 상기 배관라인 및 상기 냉매라인 중 어느 하나 이상과 상기 바이패스라인에 설치될 수 있으며, 2가지 금속의 각각의 전기적 특성을 이용하여 냉열을 공급하는 열전 모듈을 포함하는 천연가스 냉각 장치가 제공될 수 있다.According to one aspect of the present invention, in the natural gas cooling device for liquefying natural gas into LNG, the pipeline through which the natural gas passes; A refrigerant line through which a refrigerant exchanging heat with the natural gas passes, and a compressor, a condenser, and an expansion valve are installed; a heat exchanger in which heat is exchanged between the pipe line and the refrigerant line; a bypass line connected to the pipeline so that a part of the natural gas passing through the pipeline bypasses the heat exchanger without passing through; and a thermoelectric module installed on at least one of the pipeline line and the refrigerant line and the bypass line, and supplying cold heat using electrical characteristics of two metals. can

열전 모듈은, 배관라인 또는 냉매라인의 배관과 배관 사이에 이어서 연결되는 냉각 파이프와, 냉각 파이프에 설치되는 하나 이상의 열전 소자를 포함할 수 있다.The thermoelectric module may include a cooling pipe that is subsequently connected between pipes of a pipe line or a refrigerant line, and one or more thermoelectric elements installed in the cooling pipe.

열전 모듈은, 배관라인 또는 냉매라인의 배관의 둘레를 감싸도록 중공부를 형성하는 냉각 재킷과, 냉각 재킷에 설치되는 하나 이상의 열전 소자를 포함할 수 있다.The thermoelectric module may include a cooling jacket in which a hollow part is formed to surround a piping line or a pipe of a refrigerant line, and one or more thermoelectric elements installed in the cooling jacket.

냉각 재킷은, 반원형 구조의 제1 블록과, 제1 블록에 상응하는 구조로서 제1 블록과 조립되는 제2 블록을 포함할 수 있다.The cooling jacket may include a first block having a semicircular structure and a second block having a structure corresponding to the first block and assembled with the first block.

천연가스 냉각 장치는 배관라인 또는 냉매라인에 연결되는 바이패스라인을 더 포함하며, 열전 모듈은 바이패스라인에 설치될 수 있다.The natural gas cooling device further includes a bypass line connected to the pipeline or refrigerant line, and the thermoelectric module may be installed in the bypass line.

본 발명의 실시예에 따르면, 냉열 손실 및 열 침입 등으로 인한 과부하를 해결하고, 설비를 경량화시킬 수 있으며, 저진동으로 작업환경을 개선할 수 있으며, 설비의 수명을 연장할 수 있다.According to an embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to solve overload caused by loss of cold heat and heat intrusion, to reduce the weight of equipment, to improve working environments with low vibration, and to extend the life of equipment.

도 1은 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 천연가스 냉각 장치를 도시한 개념도.
도 2는 본 발명의 다른 실시예에 따른 천연가스 냉각 장치를 도시한 개념도.
도 3은 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 열전 모듈을 도시한 사시도.
도 4는 본 발명의 다른 실시예에 따른 열전 모듈을 도시한 사시도.1 is a conceptual diagram showing a natural gas cooling device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 2 is a conceptual diagram showing a natural gas cooling device according to another embodiment of the present invention.
3 is a perspective view illustrating a thermoelectric module according to an embodiment of the present invention;
4 is a perspective view illustrating a thermoelectric module according to another embodiment of the present invention;

본 출원에서 사용한 용어는 단지 특정한 실시예를 설명하기 위해 사용된 것으로, 본 발명을 한정하려는 의도가 아니다. 단수의 표현은 문맥상 명백하게 다르게 뜻하지 않는 한, 복수의 표현을 포함한다.Terms used in this application are only used to describe specific embodiments, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Singular expressions include plural expressions unless the context clearly dictates otherwise.

본 출원에서, 어떤 부분이 어떤 구성요소를 "포함"한다고 할 때, 이는 특별히 반대되는 기재가 없는 한 다른 구성요소를 제외하는 것이 아니라 다른 구성요소를 더 포함할 수 있는 것을 의미한다.In this application, when a certain component is said to "include", it means that it may further include other components without excluding other components unless otherwise stated.

또한, 명세서 전체에서, "상에"라 함은 대상 부분의 위 또는 아래에 위치함을 의미하는 것이며, 반드시 중력 방향을 기준으로 상측에 위치하는 것을 의미하는 것이 아니다.In addition, throughout the specification, "on" means to be located above or below the target part, and does not necessarily mean to be located on the upper side relative to the direction of gravity.

또한, 결합이라 함은, 각 구성요소 간의 접촉 관계에 있어, 각 구성요소 간에 물리적으로 직접 접촉되는 경우만을 뜻하는 것이 아니라, 다른 구성요소가 각 구성요소 사이에 개재되어, 그 다른 구성요소에 각 구성요소가 각각 접촉되어 있는 경우까지 포괄하는 개념으로 사용하도록 한다.In addition, coupling does not mean only the case of direct physical contact between each component in the contact relationship between each component, but another component is interposed between each component so that the other component It should be used as a concept encompassing the case where the components are in contact with each other.

도면에서 나타난 각 구성요소의 크기 및 두께는 설명의 편의를 위해 임의로 나타내었으므로, 본 발명이 반드시 도시된 바에 한정되지 않는다.Since the size and thickness of each component shown in the drawings are arbitrarily shown for convenience of explanation, the present invention is not necessarily limited to the shown bar.

제1, 제2 등의 용어는 다양한 구성요소들을 설명하는데 사용될 수 있지만, 구성요소들은 상기 용어들에 의해 한정되어서는 안 된다. 상기 용어들은 하나의 구성요소를 다른 구성요소로부터 구별하는 목적으로만 사용된다.Terms such as first and second may be used to describe various components, but components should not be limited by the terms. These terms are only used for the purpose of distinguishing one component from another.

이하, 본 발명에 따른 천연가스 냉각 장치의 바람직한 실시예를 첨부도면을 참조하여 상세히 설명하기로 하며, 첨부 도면을 참조하여 설명함에 있어, 동일하거나 대응하는 구성요소는 동일한 도면번호를 부여하고 이에 대한 중복되는 설명은 생략하기로 한다.Hereinafter, a preferred embodiment of a natural gas cooling device according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, and in the description with reference to the accompanying drawings, the same or corresponding components are given the same reference numerals and Redundant descriptions will be omitted.

도 1은 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 천연가스 냉각 장치를 도시한 개념도이고, 도 2는 본 발명의 다른 실시예에 따른 천연가스 냉각 장치를 도시한 개념도이다.1 is a conceptual diagram showing a natural gas cooling device according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram showing a natural gas cooling device according to another embodiment of the present invention.

도 1을 참조하면, 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 천연가스 냉각 장치는 천연가스가 통과하는 배관라인(1) 및 천연가스와 열교환하는 냉매가 통과하는 냉매라인(2) 중 어느 하나 이상에 설치되는 열전 모듈(100, 200)을 포함한다.Referring to FIG. 1, a natural gas cooling device according to an embodiment of the present invention is installed in one or more of a pipeline line 1 through which natural gas passes and a refrigerant line 2 through which a refrigerant exchanging heat with natural gas passes. It includes a thermoelectric module (100, 200) to be.

열전 모듈(100)은 천연가스 냉각 장치의 배관라인(1)과 냉매라인(2) 중 적어도 하나 이상에 설치될 수 있다. 열전 모듈(100, 200)은 2가지 금속의 각각의 전기적 특성을 이용하여 배관라인(1)과 냉매라인(2)에 냉열을 공급할 수 있다.The thermoelectric module 100 may be installed in at least one of the pipe line 1 and the refrigerant line 2 of the natural gas cooling device. The thermoelectric modules 100 and 200 may supply cold heat to the pipe line 1 and the refrigerant line 2 by using the respective electrical characteristics of the two metals.

도 2를 참조하면, 열전 모듈(100, 200)은 예를 들어 열교환기와 압축기의 사이를 연결하는 냉매라인(2) 상에 설치되거나, 압축기와 응축기의 사이를 연결하는 냉매라인(2) 상에 설치되거나, 응축기와 팽창밸브의 사이를 연결하는 냉매라인(2) 상에 설치될 수 있다. 열전 모듈(100, 200)은 열교환기를 경유하는 배관라인(1) 상에 설치될 수 있다.Referring to FIG. 2 , the thermoelectric modules 100 and 200 are installed, for example, on a refrigerant line 2 connecting a heat exchanger and a compressor, or on a refrigerant line 2 connecting a compressor and a condenser. It may be installed, or it may be installed on the refrigerant line 2 connecting between the condenser and the expansion valve. The thermoelectric modules 100 and 200 may be installed on the pipeline 1 passing through the heat exchanger.

도 3은 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 열전 모듈을 도시한 사시도이다.3 is a perspective view illustrating a thermoelectric module according to an embodiment of the present invention.

도 3을 참조하면, 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 열전 모듈(100)은 배관라인(1) 또는 냉매라인(2)의 배관과 배관 사이에 이어서 연결되는 냉각 파이프(110) 및 상기 냉각 파이프(110)에 설치되는 하나 이상의 열전 소자(120)를 포함하며, 열전 소자(120)에 전원을 공급하는 전원부(미도시) 및 그 제어를 담당하는 제어부(미도시)를 추가로 포함할 수 있다.Referring to FIG. 3 , the thermoelectric module 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a cooling pipe 110 connected between pipes of a pipe line 1 or refrigerant line 2 and the cooling pipe ( 110), and may further include a power supply unit (not shown) for supplying power to the thermoelectric element 120 and a control unit (not shown) in charge of controlling the thermoelectric element 120.

냉각 파이프(110)는 기존의 배관과 호환될 수 있도록 제작될 수 있다. 구체적으로, 냉각 파이프(110)는 도 3에 도시된 것처럼 양단에 플랜지가 구비된 배관의 형태일 수 있다. 즉, 본 실시예의 냉각 파이프(110)는 기존의 배관라인(1) 또는 냉매라인(2)의 배관을 대체하여 설치될 수 있다. 따라서, 적은 비용으로 기존 설비의 용량을 높일 수 있고, 그 냉각효율을 극대화할 수 있다.The cooling pipe 110 may be manufactured to be compatible with existing piping. Specifically, the cooling pipe 110 may be a pipe having flanges at both ends, as shown in FIG. 3 . That is, the cooling pipe 110 of this embodiment may be installed in place of the pipe of the existing pipe line 1 or refrigerant line 2. Therefore, it is possible to increase the capacity of the existing facility at a low cost and maximize the cooling efficiency.

열전 소자(120)는 전자 냉각 방식의 소자이다. 열전 소자(120)는 비스무트와 테르르의 화합물(Bi2Te3) 등의 반도체로 만든 pn접합을 사용할 수 있다. 열전 소자(120)는 여러 개를 직렬로 하여 냉각 용량을 증가시킬 수 있다.The thermoelectric element 120 is an electronic cooling type element. The thermoelectric element 120 may use a pn junction made of a semiconductor such as a compound of bismuth and tere (Bi2Te3). The thermoelectric elements 120 may increase cooling capacity by arranging several in series.

본 실시예의 경우는, 열전 소자(120)의 흡열(냉각) 측이 냉각 파이프(110)의 내면을 향하도록 배치되고, 발열 측은 냉각 파이프(110)의 외면을 향하도록 배치된다. 열전 소자(120)의 발열 측과 냉각 파이프(110)의 외면 사이는 단열재(절연물질)를 두어 열절연하는 동시에 발열 측에는 방열 핀을 부착하여 흡수한 열의 방열을 촉진시킬 수 있다.In this embodiment, the heat absorbing (cooling) side of the thermoelectric element 120 is disposed toward the inner surface of the cooling pipe 110, and the heat generating side is disposed toward the outer surface of the cooling pipe 110. A heat insulator (insulating material) is placed between the heat generating side of the thermoelectric element 120 and the outer surface of the cooling pipe 110 to thermally insulate the heat, and at the same time, heat dissipation of the absorbed heat can be promoted by attaching a heat radiating fin to the heat generating side.

한편, 열전 소자(120)의 발열 측에서 얻어지는 폐열을 선박의 열원으로 활용할 수도 있다. 예를 들면, 폐열은 선원거주구로 공급되어 난방, 온수 등의 열원으로 활용될 수 있다.Meanwhile, waste heat obtained from the heating side of the thermoelectric element 120 may be utilized as a heat source of the ship. For example, waste heat can be supplied to the crew's living quarters and used as a heat source such as heating and hot water.

또한, 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 천연가스 냉각 장치는 도 1에 도시된 것처럼 바이패스라인(3)을 추가로 포함할 수 있다. 이 경우, 바이패스라인(3)은 배관라인(1) 또는 냉매라인(2)에 배관을 추가하여 바이패스로 경유하도록 연결될 수 있다. 열전 모듈(100)은 바이패스라인(3)에 설치되어 통과하는 천연가스 또는 냉매에 냉열을 선택적으로 공급할 수 있다.In addition, the natural gas cooling device according to an embodiment of the present invention may further include a bypass line 3 as shown in FIG. 1 . In this case, the bypass line 3 may be connected to the pipe line 1 or the refrigerant line 2 via a bypass by adding a pipe. The thermoelectric module 100 may be installed in the bypass line 3 to selectively supply cooling heat to passing natural gas or refrigerant.

이에 따라, 예를 들어 기존 냉각 설비에 일시적으로 과부하가 걸리는 상황 발생 시, 천연가스 또는 냉매의 일부를 바이패스라인(3)으로 경유시켜 열전 모듈(100)을 통해서 국소적으로 냉열을 공급함으로써 LNG 액화 공정의 효율을 보다 높일 수 있다.Accordingly, for example, when a situation occurs in which an existing cooling facility is temporarily overloaded, natural gas or a portion of the refrigerant is passed through the bypass line 3 to locally supply cold heat through the thermoelectric module 100 to LNG. The efficiency of the liquefaction process can be further increased.

도 4는 본 발명의 다른 실시예에 따른 열전 모듈을 도시한 사시도이다.4 is a perspective view illustrating a thermoelectric module according to another embodiment of the present invention.

도 4를 참조하면, 본 발명의 다른 실시예에 따른 열전 모듈(200)은 배관라인(1) 또는 냉매라인(2)의 배관의 둘레를 감싸도록 중공부를 형성하는 냉각 재킷(210) 및 상기 냉각 재킷(210)에 설치되는 하나 이상의 열전 소자(220)를 포함하며, 열전 소자(220)에 전원을 공급하는 전원부 및 그 제어를 담당하는 제어부를 추가로 포함할 수 있다.Referring to FIG. 4 , the thermoelectric module 200 according to another embodiment of the present invention includes a cooling jacket 210 forming a hollow portion to surround a pipe of a pipe line 1 or a refrigerant line 2 and the cooling jacket 210 . It includes one or more thermoelectric elements 220 installed in the jacket 210, and may further include a power supply unit supplying power to the thermoelectric element 220 and a control unit in charge of controlling the thermoelectric element 220.

냉각 재킷(210)은 적어도 둘 이상의 블록을 결합시켜 형성된다. 예를 들면, 냉각 재킷(210)은 도 4에 도시된 것처럼 반원형 구조의 제1 블록 및 상기 제1 블록에 상응하는 구조의 제2 블록을 포함할 수 있다. 이때, 제1 블록과 제2 블록은 상호 맞대어 결합되는 조립 구조를 통해 전체적으로 배관을 감싸는 튜브관의 형태를 형성할 수 있다.The cooling jacket 210 is formed by combining at least two or more blocks. For example, as shown in FIG. 4 , the cooling jacket 210 may include a first block having a semicircular structure and a second block having a structure corresponding to the first block. At this time, the first block and the second block may form the shape of a tube that surrounds the pipe as a whole through an assembly structure that is coupled to each other.

따라서, 냉각 재킷(210)은 이러한 조립 구조를 통해서 배관의 둘레에 용이하게 부착되거나 탈착될 수 있다. 냉각 재킷(210)을 구성하는 블록들은 예를 들어 볼트, 너트 등의 결합수단을 통해서 상호 결합될 수 있다.Accordingly, the cooling jacket 210 can be easily attached to or detached from the circumference of the pipe through this assembly structure. Blocks constituting the cooling jacket 210 may be coupled to each other through coupling means such as bolts and nuts.

비록 도시되지는 않았으나, 냉각 재킷(210)은 중공부의 중심점을 기준으로 각이 120도로 삼등분 되는 3개의 블록을 결합시켜 형성될 수 있다. 즉, 동일한 원호의 제1, 제2, 제3 블록을 중심점을 기준으로 결합시켜 냉각 재킷(210)을 구성할 수도 있다.Although not shown, the cooling jacket 210 may be formed by combining three blocks having an angle divided into thirds at 120 degrees based on the central point of the hollow part. That is, the cooling jacket 210 may be configured by combining the first, second, and third blocks of the same circular arc with respect to the central point.

전술한 실시예의 냉각 파이프(110)와 마찬가지로, 본 실시예의 냉각 재킷(210)은 기존의 배관라인(1) 또는 냉매라인(2)의 배관 표면에 용이하게 부착될 수 있다. 따라서, 적은 비용으로 기존 설비의 용량을 높일 수 있고, 그 냉각효율을 극대화할 수 있다.Like the cooling pipe 110 of the above-described embodiment, the cooling jacket 210 of this embodiment can be easily attached to the pipe surface of the existing pipe line 1 or refrigerant line 2. Therefore, it is possible to increase the capacity of the existing facility at a low cost and maximize the cooling efficiency.

전술한 실시예와 마찬가지로, 열전 소자(220)는 냉각 재킷(210)을 구성하는 블록들에 각각 설치된다. 열전 소자(220)는 여러 개를 직렬로 하여 냉각 용량을 증가시킬 수 있다.As in the above-described embodiment, the thermoelectric element 220 is installed in each of the blocks constituting the cooling jacket 210 . The thermoelectric element 220 may increase cooling capacity by arranging several in series.

본 실시예의 경우는, 열전 소자(220)의 흡열(냉각) 측이 냉각 재킷(210)의 내면을 향하도록 배치되고, 발열 측은 냉각 재킷(210)의 외면을 향하도록 배치된다. 열전 소자(220)의 발열 측과 냉각 재킷(210)의 외면 사이는 단열재(절연물질)를 두어 열절연하는 동시에 발열 측에는 방열 핀을 부착하여 흡수한 열의 방열을 촉진시킬 수 있다.In this embodiment, the heat absorbing (cooling) side of the thermoelectric element 220 is disposed to face the inner surface of the cooling jacket 210, and the heat generating side is disposed to face the outer surface of the cooling jacket 210. A heat insulator (insulating material) may be placed between the heating side of the thermoelectric element 220 and the outer surface of the cooling jacket 210 to thermally insulate the heat, and at the same time, heat dissipation of the absorbed heat may be promoted by attaching a heat radiation fin to the heating side.

한편, 열전 소자(220)의 발열 측에서 얻어지는 폐열을 선박의 열원으로 활용할 수도 있다. 예를 들면, 폐열은 선원거주구로 공급되어 난방, 온수 등의 열원으로 활용될 수 있다.Meanwhile, waste heat obtained from the heating side of the thermoelectric element 220 may be utilized as a heat source of the ship. For example, waste heat can be supplied to the crew's living quarters and used as a heat source such as heating and hot water.

또한, 본 실시예의 열전 모듈(200)은 전술한 실시예와 마찬가지로 바이패스라인(3)에 설치될 수 있다.In addition, the thermoelectric module 200 of this embodiment may be installed in the bypass line 3 as in the above-described embodiment.

이상, 본 발명의 바람직한 실시예에 대하여 설명하였으나, 해당 기술분야에서 통상의 지식을 가진 사람이라면 청구범위에 기재된 본 발명의 사상으로부터 벗어나지 않는 범위 내에서, 구성요소의 부가, 변경, 삭제 또는 추가 등에 의해 본 발명을 다양하게 수정 및 변경시킬 수 있을 것이며, 이 또한 본 발명의 권리범위 내에 포함된다고 할 것이다.In the above, the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, but those skilled in the art can add, change, delete, or add elements within the scope not departing from the spirit of the present invention described in the claims. Various modifications and changes may be made to the present invention, which will also be included within the scope of the present invention.

1: 배관라인
2: 냉매라인
3: 바이패스라인
100, 200: 열전 모듈
110: 냉각 파이프
120: 열전 소자
210: 냉각 재킷
220: 열전 소자1: pipeline
2: Refrigerant line
3: bypass line
100, 200: thermoelectric module
110: cooling pipe
120: thermoelectric element
210: cooling jacket
220: thermoelectric element

Claims (5)

천연가스를 LNG로 액화하는 천연가스 냉각 장치에 있어서,
상기 천연가스가 통과하는 배관라인;
상기 천연가스와 열교환하는 냉매가 통과하고, 압축기, 응축기 및 팽창밸브가 설치되는 냉매라인;
상기 배관라인과 상기 냉매라인 사이에 열교환이 이루어지는 열교환기;
상기 배관라인을 통과하는 천연가스의 일부가 상기 열교환기를 통과하지 않고 우회하도록 상기 배관라인에 연결되는 바이패스라인; 및
상기 배관라인 및 상기 냉매라인 중 어느 하나 이상과 상기 바이패스라인에 설치될 수 있으며, 2가지 금속의 각각의 전기적 특성을 이용하여 냉열을 공급하는 열전 모듈을 포함하는 천연가스 냉각 장치.In the natural gas cooling device for liquefying natural gas into LNG,
a pipeline through which the natural gas passes;
A refrigerant line through which a refrigerant exchanging heat with the natural gas passes, and a compressor, a condenser, and an expansion valve are installed;
a heat exchanger in which heat is exchanged between the pipe line and the refrigerant line;
a bypass line connected to the pipeline so that a part of the natural gas passing through the pipeline bypasses the heat exchanger without passing through; and
A natural gas cooling device including a thermoelectric module that can be installed on at least one of the pipeline line and the refrigerant line and the bypass line and supplies cold heat using electrical characteristics of each of the two metals. 제1항에 있어서,
상기 열전 모듈은
상기 배관라인 또는 상기 냉매라인의 배관과 배관 사이에 이어서 연결되는 냉각 파이프와,
상기 냉각 파이프에 설치되는 하나 이상의 열전 소자를 포함하는 천연가스 냉각 장치.According to claim 1,
The thermoelectric module
A cooling pipe that is subsequently connected between pipes of the pipe line or the refrigerant line;
Natural gas cooling device comprising one or more thermoelectric elements installed in the cooling pipe. 제1항에 있어서,
상기 열전 모듈은
상기 배관라인 또는 상기 냉매라인의 배관의 둘레를 감싸도록 중공부를 형성하는 냉각 재킷과,
상기 냉각 재킷에 설치되는 하나 이상의 열전 소자를 포함하는 천연가스 냉각 장치.According to claim 1,
The thermoelectric module
A cooling jacket forming a hollow portion to surround the piping line or the piping of the refrigerant line;
Natural gas cooling device comprising one or more thermoelectric elements installed in the cooling jacket. 제3항에 있어서,
상기 냉각 재킷은
반원형 구조의 제1 블록과,
상기 제1 블록에 상응하는 구조로서 상기 제1 블록과 조립되는 제2 블록을 포함하는 천연가스 냉각 장치.According to claim 3,
the cooling jacket
A first block having a semicircular structure;
A natural gas cooling device comprising a second block assembled with the first block as a structure corresponding to the first block. 삭제delete
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