KR102475074B1 - Groundwater flow control and pollution spread prevention system - Google Patents

Abstract

It relates to a system for controlling the flow of groundwater and preventing the spread of contamination, comprising: at least one pumping well installed underground and into which contaminated groundwater flows; at least one injection well spaced apart from the pumping well, installed underground in a vertical direction, receiving groundwater from the pumping well and discharging it to the outside; and a reaction wall that reacts with and removes contaminants contained in the groundwater flowing into the pumping well, wherein the flow of the groundwater can be controlled by controlling at least one of the number, flow rate, and installation location of the pumping well and the injection well. have.

Description

Groundwater flow control and pollution spread prevention system

The present invention relates to a system for controlling the flow of groundwater and preventing the spread of contamination, and more particularly, by controlling at least one of the number, flow rate, and installation location of pumping wells and injection wells to form various hydraulic boundaries between pumping wells and injection wells during system operation. By controlling the flow of contaminated groundwater in a desired direction, the pollutants contained in the groundwater can be effectively treated, and at the same time, the flow control and contamination diffusion of groundwater that can prevent the spread of contaminated groundwater around the pumping well to the injection well It's about the prevention system.

Recently, as the population increases and the industry develops, the demand for various types of water such as living water, agricultural water, and industrial water is rapidly increasing. Therefore, the development and utilization of groundwater as a new water supply source is steadily progressing.

However, most of the present groundwater has a water quality that is not suitable for direct use as various types of water due to the influence of environmental pollution and the like. Therefore, one of the fields in which methods for purifying contaminated groundwater are being actively researched is the removal of contaminants from groundwater by a reactive wall.

A reaction wall is a water-permeable wall containing a reaction medium (eg, zeolite loaded with iron ions, etc.) capable of lowering the concentration of contaminants in groundwater through a chemical reaction after physically adsorbing contaminants in groundwater. When it is installed in the vertical direction of the groundwater flow and the groundwater is passed through, contaminants in the groundwater come into contact with active materials in the reaction medium included in the wall and are physically/chemically removed.

Once such a reactive wall is installed, it is used for a long period of time. Over time, the contamination situation of the surrounding area may change, and the main pollutant in the groundwater may be different from the initial installation. Therefore, it is necessary to accurately and periodically monitor the groundwater after passing through the reaction wall, and if it is determined that the replacement of the reaction wall is necessary as a result of the monitoring, it must be possible to replace it quickly and easily.

However, since these reactive walls are usually installed in the ground after excavating a long and narrow trench in the ground through large-scale civil engineering work, there is a problem in that the ground collapses due to the hollow wall when the reactive wall is installed excessively. Due to the depth limit, there was a limit that could not be applied to deep groundwater treatment. In addition, the installation area increases due to the structure of the reaction wall formed long in one direction, which increases the scale of the initial construction for installing the reaction wall, which is economically unfavorable.

Registered Patent Publication No. 10-1972700 (announced on April 25, 2019)

An object of the present invention is to control the flow of contaminated groundwater in a desired direction by controlling at least one of the number, flow rate, and installation location of pumping wells and injection wells to form various hydraulic boundaries between pumping wells and injection wells during system operation. An object of the present invention is to provide a system for controlling the flow of groundwater and preventing the diffusion of contamination, which can effectively treat the contained contaminants and at the same time prevent the spread of contaminated groundwater around the pumping well to the side of the injection well.

A system for controlling the flow of groundwater and preventing the spread of contamination according to the present invention for achieving the above object is installed underground in a vertical direction, and includes at least one pumping well into which contaminated groundwater flows; at least one injection well spaced apart from the pumping well, installed underground in a vertical direction, receiving groundwater from the pumping well and discharging it to the outside; and a reaction wall that reacts with and removes contaminants contained in the groundwater flowing into the pumping well, wherein the flow of the groundwater can be controlled by controlling at least one of the number, flow rate, and installation location of the pumping well and the injection well. have.

In addition, a water pumping pipe having one side communicated with the pumping well to receive groundwater passing through the pumping well and the other side disposed in the injection well and discharging the groundwater supplied from the pumping well to the injection well, and connected to the pumping pipe A water pump for supplying groundwater in the pumping well to the injection well may be further included.

In addition, it is installed in the pumping well, and may further include a filter unit for receiving and purifying the contaminated groundwater.

In addition, the filter unit may include a reactive material that reacts with contaminants included in the contaminated groundwater.

In addition, it is possible to control the retention time of groundwater flowing into the pumping well by controlling at least one of the amount of pumping water and the pore volume of the filter part according to the diameter of the pumping well.

In addition, the reaction wall may be disposed closer to the pumping well than to the injection well.

In addition, the reaction wall may be provided as a permeable reaction wall or a tubular reaction wall.

In addition, the tubular reaction wall may include a reaction tube having a plurality of through-holes formed on a side surface, and a reactive material filled in the reaction tube and reacting with contaminants included in the contaminated groundwater.

In addition, the reactive material may be provided as a material having a higher hydraulic conductivity than the surrounding underground medium.

In addition, the reaction well can control the capture zone of contaminants contained in the groundwater by controlling the ratio of the permeability coefficient between the reactive material and the medium, and the capture zone is equal to the diameter of the reaction well. It can be provided in 1.0 to 2.0 times.

In addition, the reactive material may be provided in the form of a replaceable cartridge in the reaction tube.

In addition, the retention time of groundwater flowing into the reaction well may be controlled by controlling at least one of the porosity and the permeability coefficient of the reactive material according to the permeability of the medium and the diameter of the reaction tube well.

In addition, at least three reaction tube wells arranged obliquely from the flow direction of the groundwater may be paired to form a tube type reaction wall.

In addition, the plurality of reaction tubes forming the pair may be spaced apart from each other at equal intervals.

In addition, the tubular reaction wall is spaced apart from the flow direction by the trapping width in a direction perpendicular to the flow direction of the groundwater, so that pollutants in the groundwater can be prevented from leaking downstream.

In addition, a plurality of the tubular reaction walls may be provided, spaced apart along a direction perpendicular to the flow direction of the groundwater, and arranged in a sawtooth array when viewed from above.

In addition, the reaction tube well disposed at the end of the tube-shaped reaction wall and the reaction tube well disposed at the front end of the tube-shaped reaction wall adjacent to the tube-shaped reaction wall may be spaced apart in a direction perpendicular to the flow direction of the groundwater. have.

In addition, an auxiliary reaction well may be further included at an end of the tubular reaction wall, disposed at the side of the pumping well to treat pollutants escaping to the end of the hydraulic boundary, and arranged obliquely from the flow direction of the groundwater. .

In addition, it may further include a permeable reaction wall disposed upstream of the pumping well and purifying the contaminated groundwater and supplying the purified groundwater to the pumping well.

In addition, the permeable reaction wall may be formed to have a long width in a direction perpendicular to the flow direction of the groundwater.

In addition, the pumping well and the injection well are formed in the same number to form a pair, and the one pumping well can supply purified groundwater to the one injection well.

In addition, the pumping well may control the capture width of contaminants included in the groundwater by adjusting the amount of pumped water.

In addition, the pumping well may be provided in plural and spaced apart from each other in a direction perpendicular to the flow direction of the groundwater.

In addition, it may be possible to control a hydraulic boundary between upstream groundwater and downstream groundwater by adjusting the distance between the pumping well and the injection well.

In addition, a plurality of pumping wells and injection wells may be provided, and may be spaced apart from each other in a direction perpendicular to the flow direction of the groundwater, but may be staggered so as not to face each other.

In addition, the injection well is installed on the upstream side of the amniotic fluid, and when viewed from above, a "V" shaped hydraulic boundary is formed between the amniotic fluid and the injection well, narrowing toward the amniotic fluid, and the injection well forms a hydraulic boundary between the amniotic fluid and the amniotic fluid. The width of the “V”-shaped hydraulic boundary may widen as it gets closer to the side.

In addition, the injection well may be installed on the downstream side of the pumping well to form a linear hydraulic boundary between the pumping well and the injection well.

A system for controlling the flow of groundwater and preventing the spread of contamination according to the present invention includes at least one pumping well installed underground and into which contaminated groundwater flows; a filter unit installed in the pumping well to receive and purify the contaminated groundwater; at least one injection well spaced apart from the pumping well and vertically installed underground, receiving purified groundwater from the filter unit and discharging it to the outside to form a hydraulic boundary between the pumping wells; and a tube-type reaction wall formed by vertically installing a plurality of reaction wells that react with and remove contaminants contained in groundwater discharged from the injection well at the hydraulic boundary, wherein the well-type reaction wall includes the groundwater At least three reaction tubes arranged at an angle from the flow direction of are spaced apart in one direction in a paired state, and may be arranged in a sawtooth array when viewed from the top.

In addition, the reaction well may include a reaction well formed with a plurality of through-holes on the side thereof, and a reactive material filled in the reaction well and reacting with contaminants contained in the contaminated groundwater.

According to the present invention, as the water level around the injection well increases and the water level around the pumping well decreases during operation of the system, a hydraulic boundary is created between the pumping well and the injection well, and the contamination contained in the groundwater around the pumping well is generated by the hydraulic boundary. It is possible to prevent substances from diffusing toward the injection well.

In addition, by controlling the flow of groundwater by controlling the number, flow rate, and installation location of pumping wells and injection wells, polluted groundwater can be effectively treated with a minimum number of pumping wells and injection wells, while forming various hydraulic boundaries to allow pollutants to flow downstream. It can be prevented from spreading and can be induced in a desired direction.

In particular, when an injection well is installed upstream of a pumping well to provide a V-shaped hydraulic boundary, the installation area of the well-type reaction wall can be reduced by narrowing the width of the contaminated groundwater, which prevents excessive installation of the reaction well. This can reduce the size of the project.

In particular, when the reaction wells are arranged in a sawtooth structure and provided as a tube-shaped reaction wall, it is possible to implement an effective contaminant trapping width in response to the “V”-shaped hydraulic boundary, and between reaction wells where the minimum distance is not secured. Accidents such as collapse of the ground and adjacent reaction wells can be prevented due to the hollow walls.

In addition, since pollutants can be firstly captured through the permeable reaction wall located upstream of the pumping well and secondarily captured through the filter unit located inside the pumping well, purification efficiency can be improved.

In addition, since the reaction well is formed in the form of a well, the installation area is reduced, so the scale of construction for initial installation can be reduced, the spread of deep-contaminated groundwater can be prevented, and disturbance and contamination of the underground that occurs during construction can be prevented. .

1 is a block diagram of a system for controlling the flow of groundwater and preventing the spread of contamination according to an embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a view showing the groundwater level during pumping and injection using the system for controlling the flow of groundwater and preventing the spread of contamination shown in FIG. 1;
3 is a schematic view of the reaction wall shown in FIG. 1;
Figure 4 is a view schematically showing a reaction wall according to another embodiment of the present invention.
5 is a schematic view of the permeable reaction wall shown in FIG. 1;
6 to 8 are views schematically showing examples of installation of a permeable reaction wall according to the installation location of an injection well.
9 is an upper side view schematically showing a hydraulic boundary in a state in which an injection well is installed upstream of a pumping well.
10 is an upper side view schematically showing a hydraulic boundary in a state in which an injection well and a pumping well are installed at the same point.
11 is an upper side view schematically showing a hydraulic boundary in a state in which an injection well is installed downstream of a pumping well.
12 schematically shows a state in which the reaction walls of FIG. 3 are arranged in a sawtooth structure.
13 is a view schematically showing a state in which the reaction wall of FIG. 12 is installed within the hydraulic boundary formed by the pumping well and the injection well.
FIG. 14 is a view showing the distance between reaction walls for calculating the blocking efficiency of contaminants of the reaction walls shown in FIG. 12;
15 is a diagram showing a performance curve using the blocking efficiency of contaminants of a reaction wall.
16 is a perspective view schematically illustrating a state in which a filter unit is installed in the pumping well shown in FIG. 1;
17(a) is a diagram showing the hydraulic gradient before operation of the pumping well and the injection well, and FIG. 17(b) is a diagram showing the hydraulic boundary after the operation of the pumping well and injection well.
18 is a view schematically showing the capture width according to the installation distance between the pumping well and the injection well.

Hereinafter, a system for controlling the flow of groundwater and preventing the spread of contamination according to a preferred embodiment will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Here, the same reference numerals are used for the same components, and repeated descriptions and detailed descriptions of known functions and configurations that may unnecessarily obscure the subject matter of the invention are omitted. Embodiments of the invention are provided to more completely explain the present invention to those skilled in the art. Accordingly, the shapes and sizes of elements in the drawings may be exaggerated for clarity.

1 is a block diagram of a system for controlling the flow of groundwater and preventing the spread of contamination according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a system for controlling the flow of groundwater and preventing the spread of contamination shown in FIG. , FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the reaction wall shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 4 is a view schematically showing a reaction wall according to another embodiment of the present invention.

1 to 4, the groundwater flow control and contamination prevention system 100 may include a pumping well 110, an injection well 120, and a reaction wall 130, and the pumping well 110 The flow of the groundwater W may be controlled by controlling at least one of the number, flow rate, and installation location of the injection well 120 .

At least one pumping well 110 is provided and installed underground in a vertical direction, and contaminated groundwater (W) may be introduced. For example, the pumping well 110 may be installed downstream from the contaminated area in the flow direction of the groundwater W, and may be provided in plurality and spaced apart in a direction perpendicular to the flow direction of the groundwater W.

Pumping well 110 may be formed in the shape of a hollow pipe having a plurality of inlet holes 110a through which contaminated groundwater W flows into the lower circumference. The length of the pumping well 110 may vary according to the depth of the contaminant, and the capture width of the contaminant M included in the groundwater W may be controlled by adjusting the pumping amount of the pumping well 110.

At least one injection well 120 may be installed underground in a vertical direction, and may be spaced apart from the pumping well 110 to receive groundwater W from the pumping well 120 and discharge it to the outside. The groundwater W discharged to the outside of the injection well 120 may be injected back into the ground to form a hydraulic boundary L.

For example, the injection well 120 may be installed upstream of the pumping well 110, and is formed in a hollow pipe shape with a plurality of discharge holes 120a formed around the lower side to supply groundwater W to the outside. It can be. The diameter and length of the injection well 120 are not limited and may vary depending on the surrounding environment.

In this way, as the injection well 120 is spaced apart from the pumping well 110, and the groundwater W around the pumping well 110 is continuously introduced into the pumping well 110 and supplied to the injection well 120, the pumping well ( 110) and the injection well 120, a hydraulic boundary (L) is created. That is, the hydraulic boundary L is formed by the increase in the water level around the injection well 120 and the decrease in the water level around the pumping well 110. The diffusion of contaminants M included in the groundwater W around the pumping well 110 to the injection well 120 can be prevented by the hydraulic boundary L.

The injection well 120 may receive purified groundwater W from the pumping well 110 through the pumping pipe 121 . For example, one side of the pumping pipe 121 communicates with the pumping well 110 to receive groundwater (W) passing through the pumping well 110, and the other side is disposed in the injection well 120 and supplied from the pumping well 110. The received groundwater (W) may be discharged to the injection well (120). In addition, since the pump 122 is installed in the pumping pipe 121, the pumping pipe 121 can supply groundwater W in the pumping well 110 to the injection well 120. Accordingly, by adjusting the pressure of the amniotic pump 122, the amount of amniotic fluid supplied to the injection well 120 can be controlled.

According to the present invention, the number of pumping wells 110 and injection wells 120 are formed identically to form a pair, and one pumping well 110 can supply purified groundwater W to one injection well 120. have. The number of pumping wells 110 and injection wells 120 is not limited to those illustrated and may vary as needed.

For example, when water treatment for several regions is to be performed, the number of pumping wells 110 is less than the number of injection wells 120, and one pumping well 110 is used as a plurality of injection wells 120 to supply underground water. (W) can be formed to supply. In addition, in order to increase pumping and purification efficiency, the number of pumping wells 110 is provided more than the number of injection wells 120, and a plurality of pumping wells 110 supply groundwater (W) to one injection well 120. can be formed to

The reaction wall 130 may react with and remove contaminants M included in the groundwater W flowing into the pumping well 110 . That is, the reaction wall 130 is a kind of filter for removing pollutants M from the upstream of the pumping well 110, and may be provided as a tubular reaction wall 130A or a permeable reaction wall 130B.

When the reaction wall 130 is provided as a tubular reaction wall 130A, the tubular reaction wall 130A may include a reaction tube 131 and a reactive material 132 . For example, the tubular reaction wall 130A can be applied when treating shallow and deep aquifers, and after installing the reaction well 131 on the ground using a drilling equipment, the reactive material 132 is included therein. It can be formed by filling a filter that

The reaction tube well 131 may be formed in a pipe shape in which a plurality of through holes 131a are formed on the side surface.

The reactive material 132 is filled in the reaction tube 131 and reacts with the contaminant M included in the contaminated groundwater W to treat the contaminated water. For example, the reactive material 132 may be formed in the shape of a replaceable cartridge in the reaction tube 131, and may be provided with a material having a higher hydraulic conductivity than the surrounding underground medium. In addition, it is possible to control the capture zone of the contaminant M included in the groundwater by controlling the ratio of the permeability coefficient between the reactive material 132 and the medium. For example, the capture width of the contaminant M may be 1.0 to 2.0 times the diameter of the reaction well 131 .

Meanwhile, a sufficient reaction time is required to effectively remove the contaminants M included in the groundwater W through the reaction well 131 . Therefore, by controlling the residence time of groundwater flowing into the reaction well 131 by controlling at least one of the porosity and the permeability coefficient of the reactive material 132 according to the permeability of the underground medium and the diameter of the reaction tube 131, sufficient retention time can be secured.

When the reaction wall 130 is provided as a permeable reaction wall 130B, the water permeable reaction wall 130B may be provided in a rectangular column shape, and various contaminants such as microorganisms, heavy metals, and organic pollutants ( M) may be formed as a porous filter filled with a reactive material for adsorbing and treating them.

In this way, when the reaction wall 130 having a reactive material is installed upstream of the pumping well 110, contaminants M flowing from the pumping well 110 to the injection well 120 can be removed, so the injection well (120) The contamination level of the groundwater (W) located in the vicinity is continuously lowered to maintain a clear state.

In this embodiment, the reaction wall 130 has been shown and described as being installed upstream of the pumping well 110, but it is installed between the pumping well 110 and the injection well 120 and pollutants M around the hydraulic boundary L can also be removed.

5 is a view schematically showing the permeable reaction wall shown in FIG. 1, and FIGS. 6 to 8 are views schematically showing installation examples of the permeable reaction wall according to the installation position of the injection well.

Referring to FIGS. 5 to 8 , a water permeable reaction wall 140 may be installed upstream of the pumping well 110 to purify the contaminated groundwater W and provide it to the pumping well 110 . In this way, as the permeable reaction wall 140 is provided upstream of the pumping well 110, the pumping well 110 can receive purified groundwater W.

The water-permeable reaction wall 140 may be manufactured in the same manner as the previously described water-permeable reaction wall 130B. That is, the permeable reaction wall 140 may be provided in the shape of a square pillar, and is a porous filter filled with a reactive material for adsorbing and treating various contaminants M such as microorganisms, heavy metals, and organic pollutants therein. can be formed

Both the reaction wall 130 and the permeable reaction wall 140 may be installed, but when the reaction wall 130 is provided as the permeable reaction wall 130B, the shape and function of the two are the same, so the water permeability reaction Only the wall (130B) may be installed upstream of the pumping well (110).

The arrangement of the permeable reaction wall 140 may vary depending on the installation location of the injection well 120 . For example, as shown in FIG. 6 , when the injection well 120 is installed downstream of the pumping well 110, the permeable reaction wall 140 may be installed upstream of the pumping well 110. In this case, the permeable reaction wall 140 may be installed in a continuous structure longer than the width of the contaminated groundwater so as to cover the entire width of the contaminated groundwater.

As shown in FIG. 7 , even when the injection well 120 and the pumping well 110 are installed at the same location, the permeable reaction wall 140 may be installed upstream of the pumping well 110 .

As shown in FIG. 8 , when the injection well 120 is installed upstream of the pumping well 110 , the permeable reaction wall 140 may be disposed between the pumping well 110 and the injection well 120 . In this case, the water permeable reaction wall 140 having a width smaller than the spacing between the injection wells 120 may be sparsely installed to obtain an effect of blocking contaminants M. Here, since the total width of the several disconnected permeable reaction walls 140 is smaller than the width of the contaminated groundwater W, it is possible to reduce the installation construction scale of the permeable reaction walls 140, which is due to the amount of reactive material. can reduce installation costs.

9 is an upper side view schematically showing a hydraulic boundary in a state in which an injection well is installed upstream of a pumping well, and FIG. 10 is an upper side view schematically showing a hydraulic boundary in a state in which an injection well and a pumping well are installed at the same point, and FIG. 11 is It is a top view schematically showing the hydraulic boundary in a state where the injection well is installed downstream of the pumping well.

Referring to FIGS. 9 to 11 , it is possible to control the hydraulic boundary L between upstream groundwater and downstream groundwater by adjusting the distance between the pumping well 110 and the injection well 120 .

For example, as shown in FIG. 9, a plurality of pumping wells 110 and injection wells 120 are provided, and are spaced apart in a direction perpendicular to the flow direction of the groundwater W, but arranged staggered so as not to face each other. It can be. In addition, the injection well 120 is installed on the upstream side of the pumping well 110, and between the pumping well 110 and the injection well 120, a “V” shaped hydraulic boundary (L) narrowed toward the pumping well 110 can form

As such, when a “V” shaped hydraulic boundary L is formed between the pumping well 110 and the injection well 120, the diffusion of the contaminated groundwater W is prevented and discharged from the injection well 120 The flow of the groundwater (W) can be controlled so that the groundwater (W) flows toward the pumping well (110) along the “V”-shaped hydraulic boundary (L) where the width is narrowed.

In addition, when the “V” shaped hydraulic boundary L is used, contaminants M of the groundwater W can be effectively removed with only a small number of reaction walls 130 . For example, when the reaction wall 130 is placed closer to the pumping well 110 than the injection well 120, the narrower side of the “V” shaped hydraulic boundary L, that is, the minimum reaction wall 130 ) can be used to remove all contaminants (M) of the groundwater (W) flowing into the pumping well (110).

On the other hand, as the injection well 120 approaches the pumping well 110, the width of the “V” shaped hydraulic boundary L may widen, and as shown in FIG. 10, the injection well 120 and the pumping well ( 110) is installed at the same point, the width of the “V” shaped hydraulic boundary L formed between the pumping well 110 and the injection well 120 can be maximized.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 11, the injection well 120 is installed downstream of the pumping well 110 in the flow direction of the contaminated groundwater W to form a straight-line hydraulic boundary L when viewed from the top. can also be formed. In addition, in order to block the diffusion of contaminants M downstream, the pumping well 110 and the injection well 120 may be adjusted to form a U "shaped hydraulic boundary.

12 is a view schematically showing a state in which the reaction walls of FIG. 3 are arranged in a sawtooth structure, and FIG. 13 is a view schematically showing a state in which the reaction walls of FIG. 12 are installed within a hydraulic boundary formed by pumping wells and injection wells. 14 is a view showing the distance between the reaction walls for calculating the blocking efficiency of contaminants of the reaction walls shown in FIG. 12, and FIG. it is a drawing

Referring to FIGS. 12 to 15 , at least three reaction wells 131 arranged obliquely from the flow direction of groundwater W may form a pair to form a tube shaped reaction wall 130A. In addition, the plurality of reaction tubes 131 that form a pair may be spaced apart from each other at equal intervals, and the tube-type reaction wall 130A is formed by the capture width d _c in a direction perpendicular to the flow direction of the groundwater W. By being spaced apart, it is possible to block pollutants in groundwater from leaking downstream. Here, the capture width (d _c ) of the contaminant M of the reaction well 131 may be formed to be 1.0 to 2.0 times the diameter of the reaction well 131, and may be determined through Equation 1 below.

[Equation 1]

d _c = a*d ₁ (a: any constant between 1.0 and 2.0)

- d _c : contaminant capture width of the reaction well

- d ₁ : Diameter of the reaction tube

The tubular reaction walls 130A according to the present invention may be provided in plurality, spaced apart from each other in a direction perpendicular to the flow direction of the groundwater W, and arranged in a sawtooth array when viewed from above.

For example, a reaction tube well 131′ disposed at the end of the tube-shaped reaction wall 130A, and a reaction tube well disposed at the tip of the tube-shaped reaction wall 130A adjacent to the tube-shaped reaction wall 130A ( 131'') may be spaced apart from each other in a direction perpendicular to the flow direction of the groundwater W. Accordingly, when connecting the center lines of each of the reaction tube wells 131, they may be arranged in a sawtooth arrangement (>).

In this way, the reason for arranging the reaction tubes 131 in a sawtooth structure is to minimize the distance between the reaction tubes 131 in order to maximize the blocking efficiency of the contaminant M, This is because when installing the wells 131, a minimum separation distance (d _m ) considering safety is required. That is, when arranged in a sawtooth structure as in the present invention, the reaction tube wells 131 can be installed at optimal intervals.

In other words, if the separation distance (d ₃ ) between the reaction wells 131 in the vertical direction of the groundwater flow is long, the purification efficiency may be lowered due to the outflow of the contaminant M escaping through the outside of the capture range, This is because when the separation distance (d ₃ ) between the reaction wells 131 is too short, the reaction wells 131 may be excessively installed and technical stability may not be secured, and the ground may collapse. Therefore, by arranging the reaction wells 131 in a sawtooth structure corresponding to the “V” shaped hydraulic boundary L, it is possible to realize an effective capture width, which prevents excessive installation of the reaction wells 131 Accidents such as ground collapse caused by empty walls can be prevented.

이상이 되도록 산정할 수 있다. For example, the distance (d ₂ ) between the reaction wells 131 disposed at the front end is equal to or greater than the minimum separation distance between the centers of the wells (d _m ) required in consideration of the ground condition of the site, and the reaction wells 131 It can be calculated to be an integer multiple of the contamination capture width (d _c ). In addition, the longitudinal distance (d ₃ ) between the reaction wells 131 is determined by considering the minimum separation distance (d _m ) between the centers of the reaction wells 131 required in consideration of the ground condition of the site.

It can be calculated to be more than .

Meanwhile, the contaminant blocking efficiency (R _e ) of the tubular reaction wall 130A may be determined through Equation 2 below.

[Equation 2]

Here, assuming that the distribution width (S _w ) of the contaminant (M) is the separation distance (d ₂ ) between the reaction tubes (131) located at the tip of the reaction wall (130), the contaminant in the reaction wall (130) The blocking efficiency (R _e ) may be determined through Equation 3 below.

[Equation 3]

- R _e : Contaminant blocking efficiency

- C ₀ : contaminant concentration

- n: number of reaction tubes

- S _w : distribution width of contaminants

- d ₂ : Gap between reaction tubes located at the tip

On the other hand, from the pollutant blocking efficiency (R _e ) according to the diameter (d ₁ ) of the reaction tube 131 constituting the reaction wall 130 and the separation distance (d ₂ ) between the reaction tubes 131 located at the tip A performance curve shown in FIG. 15 may be prepared, and an appropriate diameter and interval of the reaction well 131 may be selected using the performance curve. The performance curve of FIG. 15 may reflect the safety factor in consideration of performance degradation of the tubular reaction wall 130A due to inhomogeneity of the in situ geological medium.

On the other hand, the end of the reaction wall 130 is disposed on the side of the pumping well 110 so as to treat pollutants escaping to the end of the hydraulic boundary L, and an auxiliary reaction arranged inclined from the flow direction of the groundwater W A tube well 150 may be further included.

In this way, as the auxiliary reaction well 150 is further installed in the reaction wall 130, the treatment efficiency is improved by capturing all the contaminants M escaping to the end of the “V” shaped hydraulic boundary L. be able to improve

16 is a perspective view schematically showing a state in which a filter unit is installed in the pumping well shown in FIG. 1;

Referring to FIG. 16 , the groundwater flow control and contamination prevention system 100 may further include a filter unit 160 .

The filter unit 160 is a kind of auxiliary filter that helps the reaction wall 130 process pollutants M, and is installed in the pumping well 110, and can receive and purify the contaminated groundwater W. That is, in the case of highly-contaminated groundwater (W), since it is difficult to capture all of the pollutants (M) only with the permeable reaction wall (140), a filter unit (160) is further installed inside the pond well (110) so that the groundwater (W) Contaminants (M) included in may be treated once more.

In this way, when the filter unit 160 is further provided in the pumping well 110, one side of the pumping pipe 121 communicates with the filter unit 160 to receive groundwater (W) passing through the filter unit 160, and , the other side is disposed in the injection well 120 to discharge purified groundwater (W) from the filter unit 160 to the injection well 120.

The filter unit 160 may include a reactive material that reacts with the contaminant M included in the contaminated groundwater W, and may be installed in a replaceable cartridge type. For example, one side of the amniotic fluid pipe 121 may be connected to the inside of the filter unit 160 by penetrating the upper side of the filter unit 160, and through this connection structure, the filter unit 160 can be easily replaced. can That is, when the filter unit 160 is replaced, when the water pipe 121 is lifted, the filter unit 160 moves upward and is exposed to the outside of the water pipe 121, so that the filter unit 160 can be easily replaced. .

Accordingly, when the efficiency of the filter unit 160 is reduced, only the previously installed filter unit 160 can be removed from the pumping well 110 and replaced with a new filter unit 160, which has the advantage of facilitating maintenance. . In addition, since the entire pumping well 110 does not need to be replaced when the filter unit 160 is replaced, replacement costs can be reduced.

The filter unit 160 may biologically, chemically, or physically treat the contaminants M included in the groundwater W. To this end, the filter unit 160 may be formed of a porous filter or a fiber filter, and a particulate material for adsorbing and treating various contaminants M such as microorganisms, heavy metals, and organic pollutants may be filled therein. .

The reactive material provided in the filter unit 160 may be formed of the same material as the reactive material 132 of the reactive wall 130, or may be formed of different materials so as to react with different contaminants M. have. For example, the reactive material of the filter unit 160 may include activated carbon that reacts with organic materials, and the reactive material 132 of the reactive wall 130 may include a medium such as iron oxide that reacts with inorganic materials.

Although not shown, if necessary, a reactive material may be installed in the injection well 120 to remove contaminants M that have not yet been removed by the filter unit 160 .

Meanwhile, a sufficient reaction time is required to effectively remove the contaminant M included in the groundwater W through the filter unit 160 . Therefore, it is important to secure a sufficient residence time by controlling the pumping speed of the groundwater W flowing into the pumping well 110 . For example, the residence time of the groundwater W introduced into the pumping well 110 may be controlled by controlling at least one of the diameter of the pumping well 110 and the pore volume of the filter unit 160 according to the amount of pumping water. Specifically, the residence time of the groundwater (W) flowing into the pumping well 110 may be determined through the equation below.

T _r = V/Q

- T _r : residence time (hour)

- V: void volume in the filter part (m ³ )

- Q: amniotic fluid volume (m ³ /hour)

17(a) is a diagram showing the hydraulic gradient before operation of the pumping well and the injection well, and FIG. 17(b) is a diagram showing the hydraulic boundary after the operation of the pumping well and injection well.

Referring to FIG. 17 , it can be confirmed that there is a natural slope L of groundwater before the pumping well 110 and the injection well 120 are operated. However, after the operation of the pumping well 110 and the injection well 120, it can be confirmed that a hydraulic boundary L having no water level gradient is formed between the pumping well 110 and the injection well 120. As such, the section in which the flow of the groundwater W is controlled because there is no gradient of the water level may play a role of blocking the flow of upstream groundwater connected to the downstream. If the groundwater flow rate is high because the natural groundwater level slope is large or the permeability coefficient of the geological medium is high, the flow rate of the pumping well 110 and the injection well 120 is increased to create a gap between the pumping well 110 and the injection well 120. The hydraulic slope can be reduced.

18 is a diagram schematically showing the capture width according to the installation distance between the pumping well and the injection well.

Referring to FIG. 18, it can be seen that the injection well is installed upstream of the pumping well, and the V-shaped hydraulic boundary becomes sharper as the installation distance between the pumping well 110 and the injection well 120 increases.

Using this property, when installing the reaction wall 130 between the pumping well 110 and the injection well 120, it is necessary to install it to capture the contaminant M contained in the groundwater W depending on the installation location. Control of the installation area may be possible. That is, the closer the reaction wall 130 is installed to the pumping well 110, the narrower the width of the hydraulic boundary L becomes, and as a result, it may be possible to reduce the installation area of the reaction wall 130.

In this way, when the flow of the groundwater W is controlled by controlling the number and installation positions of the pumping well 110 and the injection well 120, the groundwater contaminated by the minimum pumping well 110 and the injection well 120 ( W) can be effectively treated, and at the same time, a hydraulic boundary (L) is formed to prevent the spread of the contaminant (M), and it is possible to guide it in a desired direction.

Meanwhile, although not shown, the system 100 for controlling the flow of groundwater and preventing the diffusion of contamination is related to the contamination level of the groundwater W flowing into the pumping well 110 and the purified groundwater discharged from the injection well 120 or the reaction wall 130. (W) may further include a water treatment monitoring unit for measuring and comparing the degree of contamination. Accordingly, since the contamination level of the groundwater W can be checked and the result of the water treatment can be monitored in real time through the water treatment monitoring unit, the operation time of the system 100 for controlling the flow of groundwater and preventing the spread of contamination can be determined.

The groundwater flow control and contamination prevention system 100 measures the contamination level of the groundwater W flowing into the pumping well 110 and the contamination level of the groundwater W discharged from the pumping well 110 through the filter unit 160. And it may further include a reactive monitoring unit for comparison. Accordingly, since the filtration efficiency of the filter unit 160 can be checked through the reactivity monitoring unit, the filter unit 160 can be replaced at an appropriate time.

In addition, depending on the reactive material of the filter unit 160, reaction by-products may be environmentally harmful. By monitoring the reactive by-products through the reactive monitoring unit, it is possible to minimize the impact on the surrounding ecological environment. That is, since reaction by-products generated by the reactive material of the filter unit 160 can be checked through the reactivity monitoring unit, the safety of the reactive material in the underground environment can be confirmed.

The system for controlling the flow of groundwater and preventing the spread of contamination 100 may further include a pumping amount monitoring unit for measuring the amount of pumped water per hour for the groundwater W flowing into the pumping well 110 . This is to prevent the pumping amount from changing depending on the position of the pumping well 110 . That is, when the underground medium is gravel, the water permeability is good, and when the underground medium is sand, the water permeability is low, so that the pumping amount may vary depending on the location of the pumping well 110.

Accordingly, if the pressure of the pumping pump 122 is set differently according to the permeability of the underground where the pumping well 110 is disposed using the pumping water monitoring unit, the pumped water amount flowing into each pumping well 110 can be maintained uniformly.

The groundwater flow control and contamination prevention system 100 may further include a water level monitoring unit for measuring the level of the groundwater W introduced into the pumping well 110 in real time. This is to evaluate the permeability of the underground medium around the pumping well 110 and detect changes in the permeability during the operation of the groundwater flow control and pollution prevention system 100 .

As described above, the system 100 for controlling the flow of groundwater and preventing the spread of contamination is operated by increasing the water level around the injection well 120 and decreasing the water level around the pumping well 110, so that the pumping well 110 and the injection well 110 A hydraulic boundary L is created between the wells 120, and the contaminants M contained in the groundwater W around the pumping well 110 are diffused toward the injection well 120 by the hydraulic boundary L. be able to prevent

In addition, by controlling the flow of groundwater (W) by controlling the number of pumping wells 110 and injection wells 120 and their installation positions, groundwater (W) contaminated by the minimum pumping wells 110 and injection wells 120 can be effectively treated, and at the same time, various hydraulic boundaries (L) are formed to prevent the spread of contaminants (M), and it is possible to guide them in a desired direction.

In addition, pollutants can be firstly captured through the permeable reaction wall 140 located upstream of the pumping well 110, and pollutants M can be secondarily captured through the filter unit 160 located inside the pumping well. , can improve the purification efficiency.

In particular, when the reaction wells 131 are arranged in a sawtooth structure and provided as the reaction wall 130, the installation area of the reaction wall 130 can be reduced, which prevents excessive installation of the reaction wells 131 and construction It is possible to reduce the size of, and it is possible to prevent accidents such as collapse of the ground due to voids between the reaction wells 131 that do not secure the required minimum distance.

In addition, since the pumping well 110 and the injection well 120 are formed in the shape of a tube well, the installation area is reduced, so the scale of construction for initial installation can be reduced, and disturbance and contamination of the underground that occurs during construction can be prevented.

Although the present invention has been described with reference to an embodiment shown in the accompanying drawings, this is only exemplary, and those skilled in the art will understand that various modifications and equivalent other embodiments are possible therefrom. You will be able to. Therefore, the true protection scope of the present invention should be defined only by the appended claims.

W: Groundwater
M: contaminant
L: mathematical boundary
110: amniotic fluid
120: injection well
130: reaction wall
130A: tubular reaction wall
130B: permeable reaction wall
140: permeable reaction wall
150: auxiliary reaction tube
160: filter unit

Claims (29)

At least one pumping well installed underground in a vertical direction and into which contaminated groundwater flows;
at least one injection well spaced apart from the pumping well, installed underground in a vertical direction, receiving groundwater from the pumping well and discharging it to the outside; and
A reaction wall that reacts with and removes contaminants contained in groundwater flowing into the pumping well; includes,
Controlling the flow of the groundwater by controlling at least one of the number, flow rate, and installation location of the pumping well and the injection well;
The pumping well and the injection well are provided in plurality, and are spaced apart from each other in a direction perpendicular to the flow direction of the groundwater, but arranged staggered so as not to face each other,
It is possible to control the hydraulic boundary between the upstream groundwater and the downstream groundwater by adjusting the distance between the pumping wells and the injection wells,
The injection wells are installed on the upstream side of the amniotic wells, and when viewed from above, a "V" shaped hydraulic boundary narrowing toward the amniotic well is formed between the amniotic wells and the injection wells, and the "V" The width of the ruler-shaped hydraulic boundary widens as the injection wells get closer to the amniotic wells,
The reaction walls are located in the inner regions of the "V" shaped hydraulic boundaries formed between the injection wells and the pumping wells, respectively,
The groundwater flow control and contamination prevention system, characterized in that the installation area of the reaction walls is formed in a size corresponding to the width of the "V" shaped hydraulic boundary.
According to claim 1,
A pumping pipe having one side communicated with the pumping well to receive groundwater passing through the pumping well, and the other side disposed within the injection well to discharge the groundwater supplied from the pumping well to the injection well;
A system for controlling the flow of underground water and preventing the spread of contamination, further comprising a pump connected to the pumping pipe and supplying groundwater in the pumping well to the injection well.
According to claim 1,
A system for controlling the flow of groundwater and preventing the spread of contamination, which is installed in the pumping well and further includes a filter unit for receiving and purifying the contaminated groundwater.
According to claim 3,
The system for controlling the flow of groundwater and preventing the spread of contamination, wherein the filter unit includes a reactive material that reacts with contaminants contained in the contaminated groundwater.
According to claim 3,
A system for controlling the flow of groundwater and preventing the spread of contamination by controlling at least one of the amount of pumped water and the void volume of the filter unit according to the diameter of the pumping well to control the residence time of the groundwater flowing into the pumping well.
According to claim 1,
The reaction wall is a system for controlling the flow of groundwater and preventing the spread of contamination, which is disposed closer to the pumping well than the injection well.
According to claim 1,
The reaction wall is a system for controlling the flow of groundwater and preventing the spread of contamination provided as a permeable reaction wall or a tubular reaction wall.
According to claim 7,
The tubular reaction wall,
A reaction tube having a plurality of through holes formed on the side thereof;
A system for controlling the flow of groundwater and preventing the spread of contamination, the system including a reactive material filled inside the reaction well and reacting with contaminants contained in the contaminated groundwater.
According to claim 8,
The reactive material is a system for controlling the flow of underground water and preventing the spread of contamination in the form of a replaceable cartridge in the reaction well.
According to claim 8,
The reactive material is a system for controlling the flow of underground water and preventing the spread of contamination provided by a material having a higher hydraulic conductivity than the surrounding underground medium.
According to claim 10,
The reaction well can control the capture zone of contaminants contained in the groundwater by controlling the ratio of the permeability coefficient between the reactive material and the medium,
The capture width is provided by 1.0 to 2.0 times the diameter of the reaction well.
According to claim 10,
Controlling the flow of groundwater and preventing the spread of contamination by controlling at least one of the porosity and the permeability coefficient of the reactive material according to the permeability of the medium and the diameter of the reaction tube to control the residence time of the groundwater flowing into the reaction tube.
According to claim 8,
A system for controlling the flow of groundwater and preventing the spread of contamination in which at least three reaction wells arranged obliquely from the flow direction of the groundwater are paired to form a tube-shaped reaction wall.
According to claim 13,
A system for controlling the flow of groundwater and preventing the spread of contamination, wherein the plurality of reaction wells forming the pair are spaced apart at equal intervals.
According to claim 8,
The tubular reaction wall is spaced apart from the flow direction by the capture width in a direction perpendicular to the flow direction of the groundwater to block the outflow of pollutants in the groundwater downstream.
According to claim 7,
The tubular reaction wall is provided in plurality, and is spaced apart from the flow direction of the groundwater along a direction perpendicular to the groundwater flow control and contamination diffusion prevention system.
According to claim 16,
The reaction well disposed at the end of the tube-like reaction wall and the reaction well disposed at the tip of the tube-like reaction wall adjacent to the tube-like reaction wall are spaced apart in a direction perpendicular to the flow direction of the groundwater. Control and contamination prevention system
According to claim 7,
At the end of the tubular reaction wall, an auxiliary reaction well disposed at the side of the pumping well to treat pollutants escaping to the end of the hydraulic boundary and arranged obliquely from the flow direction of the groundwater further comprises a flow control of groundwater. and a contamination spread prevention system.
According to claim 1,
A system for controlling the flow of underground water and preventing the spread of contamination, further comprising a permeable reaction wall disposed upstream of the pumping well and purifying the contaminated groundwater and supplying the contaminated groundwater to the pumping well.
According to claim 19,
The permeable reaction wall is formed to have a long width in a direction perpendicular to the flow direction of the groundwater flow control and contamination prevention system
According to claim 1,
The amniotic fluid and the injection well are formed in the same number to form a pair,
The one pumping well controls the flow of groundwater and prevents the spread of contamination by supplying purified groundwater to the one injection well.
According to claim 1,
The pumping well controls the flow of groundwater and prevents the spread of contamination by controlling the amount of pumping water to control the capture width of the contaminants contained in the groundwater.
According to claim 1,
A system for controlling the flow of groundwater and preventing the spread of contamination, wherein a plurality of pumping wells are provided and spaced apart in a direction perpendicular to the flow direction of the groundwater.
delete delete delete delete At least one pumping well installed underground in a vertical direction and into which contaminated groundwater flows;
a filter unit installed in the pumping well to receive and purify the contaminated groundwater;
at least one injection well spaced apart from the pumping well and vertically installed underground, receiving purified groundwater from the filter unit and discharging it to the outside to form a hydraulic boundary between the pumping wells; and
A tube-type reaction wall formed by installing a plurality of reaction wells in the hydraulic boundary in the vertical direction to react with and remove pollutants contained in the groundwater discharged from the injection well; and
In the tubular reaction wall, at least three reaction tubes arranged at an angle from the flow direction of the groundwater are spaced apart in one direction in a paired state, and are arranged in a sawtooth structure when viewed from the top,
The pumping well and the injection well are provided in plurality, and are spaced apart from each other in a direction perpendicular to the flow direction of the groundwater, but arranged staggered so as not to face each other,
It is possible to control the hydraulic boundary between the upstream groundwater and the downstream groundwater by adjusting the distance between the pumping wells and the injection wells,
The injection wells are installed on the upstream side of the amniotic wells, and when viewed from above, a "V" shaped hydraulic boundary narrowing toward the amniotic well is formed between the amniotic wells and the injection wells, and the "V" The width of the ruler-shaped hydraulic boundary widens as the injection wells get closer to the amniotic wells,
The tubular reaction walls are respectively located in the inner regions of the "V" shaped hydraulic boundaries formed between the injection wells and the pumping wells,
The underground water flow control and pollution prevention system, characterized in that the installation area of the tubular reaction walls is formed in a size corresponding to the width of the "V" shaped hydraulic boundary.
According to claim 28,
The reaction well is a system for controlling the flow of groundwater and preventing the spread of contamination, including a reaction well formed with a plurality of through holes on the side, and a reactive material filled in the reaction well and reacting with contaminants contained in the contaminated groundwater. .

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