KR102448674B1 - Method for supporting beamforming in communication network - Google Patents

Abstract

Disclosed are a method and an apparatus for performing communication based on multiple antennas in a communication network. The method for performing communication based on multiple antennas in a communication network according to the present invention is an operation method performed by multiple antennas performing beamforming in a communication network, and includes in the communication network among a plurality of beamformers included in the multiple antennas. selecting a beamformer that generates a transmission beam for transmitting data to the plurality of communication nodes, at least one antenna panel corresponding to each of the plurality of communication nodes among the plurality of antenna panels included in the selected beamformer selecting , setting a parameter for allocating an independent transmission beam to each of a plurality of communication nodes based on the selected at least one antenna panel, and setting a transmission beam through a plurality of antenna panels based on the set parameter and transmitting data to a plurality of communication nodes using

Description

Method and apparatus for supporting beamforming in a communication network

The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for supporting beamforming in a communication network, and more particularly, to a method and apparatus for performing communication through multi-antenna-based beamforming in a communication network.

In a communication network, a user equipment may generally transmit/receive data through a base station. For example, if there is data to be transmitted to the second terminal, the first terminal may generate a message including the data to be transmitted to the second terminal, and transmit the generated message to the first base station to which it belongs have. The first base station may receive the message from the first terminal, and may confirm that the destination of the received message is the second terminal. The first base station may transmit the message to the second base station to which the second terminal, which is the confirmed destination, belongs. The second base station may receive the message from the first base station, and may confirm that the destination of the received message is the second terminal. The second base station may transmit the message to the second terminal that is the confirmed destination. The second terminal may receive the message from the second base station, and may obtain data included in the received message.

On the other hand, as the number of mobile Internet users using communication networks increases, various mobile communication operators are seeking efficient methods for improving services provided through communication networks. Specifically, various problems that need to be explored for improvement of services provided through a communication network are a method for reducing the delay of data transmission, a method for providing and improving reliability through data transmission and retransmission, and the A method for providing a service that is flexible and easily scalable in consideration of characteristics and service characteristics, a method for providing a service reflecting frequency operation regulations and frequency characteristics according to frequency operation, and a method for providing a service reflecting the frequency characteristics and high-speed (or, There may be a method for providing high-capacity data).

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a method and an apparatus for performing communication through multi-antenna-based beamforming in a communication network in a communication network.

In order to achieve the above object, an apparatus supporting beamforming in a communication network according to an embodiment of the present invention is a multi-antenna for performing beamforming in a communication network, and includes a plurality of antennas for emitting signals for beamforming. a plurality of antenna panels including antenna elements and a plurality of beamformers including the plurality of antenna panels, wherein the plurality of beamformers are at an upper end of the multi-antenna; The middle and lower ends are included, respectively, and are formed to face different directions.

Here, the plurality of beamformers may be mapped with a plurality of sectors constituting a data service area, which is a beam area formed through beamforming of the multiple antennas.

Here, the plurality of beamformers may include a plurality of horizontal beamformers formed to horizontally face different directions with respect to the multi-antenna.

Here, the plurality of beamformers may include an elevation beamformer formed to vertically face different directions with respect to the multi-antenna.

Here, the plurality of antenna panels may be formed to have the same predetermined separation distance from an adjacent antenna panel within an area of a beamformer including the plurality of antenna panels.

Here, each of the plurality of antenna panels may have at least one RF chain connected to a plurality of antenna elements included in each of the plurality of antenna panels.

A method for supporting beamforming in a communication network according to another embodiment of the present invention for achieving the above object is an operating method performed by multiple antennas performing beamforming in a communication network, and a plurality of beams included in the multiple antennas selecting a beamformer that generates a transmission beam for transmitting data to a plurality of communication nodes included in the communication network from among beamformers, the plurality of antenna panels included in the selected beamformer selecting at least one antenna panel corresponding to each of the communication nodes of and transmitting data to the plurality of communication nodes using a transmission beam through the plurality of antenna panels based on the setting and the set parameter.

Here, the parameter is one of an order in which data is transmitted to each of the plurality of communication nodes through a transmission beam, a beam index and a beamwidth of a transmission beam through which data is transmitted to each of the plurality of communication nodes. can be one

Here, in the step of transmitting data to the plurality of communication nodes, when the parameter is an order of transmitting data through a transmission beam to each of the plurality of communication nodes, the plurality of communication nodes are sequentially transmitted according to the data transmission order. Data may be transmitted to communication nodes through a transmit beam.

Here, the beam index and the beam width may be set differently according to one of a service type supported by the plurality of communication nodes and a type of the plurality of communication nodes.

Here, in the step of transmitting data to the plurality of communication nodes, when the parameter is the beam index, set differently according to one of a service type supported by the plurality of communication nodes and a type of the plurality of communication nodes Data may be transmitted to each of the plurality of communication nodes through a transmission beam having a beam index.

Here, in the step of transmitting data to the plurality of communication nodes, when the parameter is the beamwidth, a beamwidth set differently according to one of a service type supported by the plurality of communication nodes and a type of the plurality of communication nodes It is possible to transmit data to each of the plurality of communication nodes using a transmission beam having .

Here, the transmitting of data to the plurality of communication nodes may include transmitting data to the plurality of communication nodes through a transmission beam generated by a plurality of antenna elements included in the at least one antenna panel.

In order to achieve the above object, an apparatus supporting beamforming in a communication network according to another embodiment of the present invention is a multi-antenna for performing beamforming in a communication network, and includes a processor and at least one executed through the processor. for transmitting data to a plurality of communication nodes included in the communication network among a plurality of beamformers included in the multi-antenna, wherein the at least one command is for transmitting data to a plurality of communication nodes included in the communication network among a plurality of beamformers included in the multi-antenna selecting a beamformer generating a transmission beam, selecting at least one antenna panel corresponding to each of the plurality of communication nodes from among a plurality of antenna panels included in the selected beamformer, and selecting the selected at least one antenna panel sets a parameter for allocating an independent transmission beam to each of the plurality of communication nodes based on is executed to transmit data to communication nodes.

Here, the parameter is one of an order in which data is transmitted to each of the plurality of communication nodes through a transmission beam, a beam index and a beamwidth of a transmission beam through which data is transmitted to each of the plurality of communication nodes. can be one

Here, the at least one command transmits data through the transmission beam when the parameter is an order of transmitting data to each of the plurality of communication nodes through the transmission beam in the process of transmitting data to the plurality of communication nodes. The data may be sequentially transmitted through the transmission beam to the plurality of communication nodes according to the transmission order.

Here, the beam index and the beam width may be set differently according to one of a service type supported by the plurality of communication nodes and a type of the plurality of communication nodes.

Here, when the parameter is the beam index in the process of transmitting data to the plurality of communication nodes, the at least one command may include a service type supported by the plurality of communication nodes and a type of the plurality of communication nodes. Data may be transmitted to each of the plurality of communication nodes through a transmission beam having a beam index set differently according to one.

Here, the at least one command is one of a service type supported by the plurality of communication nodes and a type of the plurality of communication nodes when the parameter is the beamwidth in the process of transmitting data to the plurality of communication nodes. Data may be transmitted to each of the plurality of communication nodes through transmission beams having beamwidths set differently according to the .

Here, the at least one command is transmitted to the plurality of communication nodes through a transmission beam generated by a plurality of antenna elements included in the at least one antenna panel in the process of transmitting data to the plurality of communication nodes. data can be transmitted.

According to the present invention, there is an effect of providing an improved service based on multiple antennas in a communication network, and there is an effect of efficiently using radio resources available in the communication network.

1 is a block diagram illustrating an apparatus for performing communication based on multiple antennas in a communication network according to an embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a space of beamforming through multiple antennas in a communication network according to an embodiment of the present invention.
3 is a conceptual diagram illustrating multiple antennas supporting beamforming in a communication network according to an embodiment of the present invention.
4 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a sector corresponding to a beamformer of a multi-antenna supporting beamforming in a communication network according to an embodiment of the present invention.
5 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a structure of a multi-antenna supporting beamforming in a communication network according to an embodiment of the present invention.
6 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a geometric distribution of multiple antennas supporting beamforming in a communication network according to an embodiment of the present invention.
7 is a graph illustrating a gain and a beamwidth for beamforming of multiple antennas supporting beamforming in a communication network according to an embodiment of the present invention.
8 is a flowchart illustrating a method of supporting beamforming in a communication network according to another embodiment of the present invention.
9 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a first embodiment of a method for supporting beamforming in multiple antennas of a communication network according to another embodiment of the present invention.
10 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a second embodiment of a method for supporting beamforming in multiple antennas of a communication network according to another embodiment of the present invention.
11 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a third embodiment of a method for supporting beamforming in multiple antennas of a communication network according to another embodiment of the present invention.
12 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a fourth embodiment of a method for supporting beamforming in multiple antennas of a communication network according to another embodiment of the present invention.
13 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a fifth embodiment of a method for supporting beamforming in a communication network according to another embodiment of the present invention.
14 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a first embodiment of a method for supporting beamforming for a communication node moving in a communication network according to another embodiment of the present invention.
15 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a second embodiment of a method for supporting beamforming for a communication node moving in a communication network according to another embodiment of the present invention.
16 is a graph illustrating a beam change time according to a distance and speed between multiple antennas and a communication node in a communication network according to another embodiment of the present invention.
17 is a graph illustrating a beam alignment defect rate according to a speed of a communication node in a communication network according to another embodiment of the present invention.
18 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a first embodiment of an antenna panel and beam change according to panelized beamforming in multiple antennas of a communication network according to another embodiment of the present invention.
19 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a second embodiment of an antenna panel and beam change according to panelized beamforming in multiple antennas of a communication network according to another embodiment of the present invention.
20 is a conceptual diagram illustrating muting-based beam allocation performed in multiple antennas of a communication network according to another embodiment of the present invention.
21 is a conceptual diagram illustrating whether there is interference between adjacent bins of multiple antennas in a communication network according to another embodiment of the present invention.
22 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a first embodiment of a method for allocating beam resources in multiple antennas of a communication network according to another embodiment of the present invention.
23 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a second embodiment of a method for allocating beam resources in multiple antennas of a communication network according to another embodiment of the present invention.
24 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a third embodiment of a method for allocating beam resources in multiple antennas of a communication network according to another embodiment of the present invention.
25 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a fourth embodiment of a method for allocating beam resources in multiple antennas of a communication network according to another embodiment of the present invention.
26 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a beamforming-based service providing method in a communication network according to another embodiment of the present invention.
27 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a service topology based on beamforming in a communication network according to another embodiment of the present invention.

Since the present invention can have various changes and can have various embodiments, specific embodiments are illustrated in the drawings and described in detail. However, this is not intended to limit the present invention to specific embodiments, and should be understood to include all modifications, equivalents and substitutes included in the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Terms such as first, second, etc. may be used to describe various elements, but the elements should not be limited by the terms. The above terms are used only for the purpose of distinguishing one component from another. For example, without departing from the scope of the present invention, a first component may be referred to as a second component, and similarly, a second component may also be referred to as a first component. and/or includes a combination of a plurality of related listed items or any of a plurality of related listed items.

When a component is referred to as being “connected” or “connected” to another component, it may be directly connected or connected to the other component, but it is understood that other components may exist in between. it should be On the other hand, when it is said that a certain element is "directly connected" or "directly connected" to another element, it should be understood that the other element does not exist in the middle.

The terms used in the present application are only used to describe specific embodiments, and are not intended to limit the present invention. The singular expression includes the plural expression unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. In the present application, terms such as “comprise” or “have” are intended to designate that a feature, number, step, operation, component, part, or combination thereof described in the specification exists, but one or more other features It is to be understood that this does not preclude the possibility of the presence or addition of numbers, steps, operations, components, parts, or combinations thereof.

Unless defined otherwise, all terms used herein, including technical or scientific terms, have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. Terms such as those defined in a commonly used dictionary should be interpreted as having a meaning consistent with the meaning in the context of the related art, and should not be interpreted in an ideal or excessively formal meaning unless explicitly defined in the present application. does not

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In describing the present invention, in order to facilitate the overall understanding, the same reference numerals are used for the same components in the drawings, and duplicate descriptions of the same components are omitted.

1 is a block diagram illustrating an apparatus for performing communication based on multiple antennas in a communication network according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 1 , an apparatus 100 for performing communication based on multiple antennas in a communication network according to an embodiment of the present invention is connected to at least one processor 110 , a memory 120 and a network to perform communication. It may include a transceiver 130 to perform. Also, the device 100 may further include an input interface device 140 , an output interface device 150 , a storage device 160 , and the like. Each component included in the device 100 may be connected by a bus 170 to communicate with each other. However, each of the components included in the device 100 may not be connected to the common bus 170 but to the processor 110 as the center through an individual interface or an individual bus. For example, the processor 110 may be connected to at least one of the memory 120 , the transceiver 130 , the input interface device 140 , the output interface device 150 , and the storage device 160 through a dedicated interface. .

The processor 110 may execute a program command stored in at least one of the memory 120 and the storage device 160 . The processor 110 may mean a central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit (GPU), or a dedicated processor on which methods according to embodiments of the present invention are performed. Each of the memory 120 and the storage device 160 may be configured as at least one of a volatile storage medium and a non-volatile storage medium. For example, the memory 120 may be configured as at least one of a read only memory (ROM) and a random access memory (RAM).

The methods according to the present invention described in the specification of the present invention may have a structure similar to or identical to that of the apparatus 100 for performing communication based on multiple antennas in the communication network described with reference to FIG. 1 . That is, the method for performing communication based on multiple antennas in a communication network according to the present invention may be performed in the apparatus 100 for performing communication based on multiple antennas in the communication network described with reference to FIG. 1 , and further In detail, it may be performed through a program command executed by the processor 110 included in the apparatus 100 for performing communication based on multiple antennas in a communication network.

An apparatus for providing an improved service using a radio resource in a communication network according to the present invention is an enhanced Mobile Broadband (eMBB)-based device requiring high-capacity data provision, and a low latency (LL)-based device requiring transmission delay reduction. enabled) based device, CE (Coverage Enhanced) based device requiring improved transmission distance, and LC (Low complexity) based device requiring improved complexity.

A device for performing communication based on multiple antennas in a communication network according to the present invention can be referred to as an S-device for providing an improved service, and includes an eMBB-based device, an LL-based device, a CE-based device, and an LC device. It can be applied to the base device. In addition, an apparatus for performing communication based on multiple antennas in a communication network according to the present invention may perform functions such as a transmitting apparatus, a receiving apparatus, and a relay apparatus as an apparatus for providing an improved service. In addition, in the communication network of the present invention, downlink may mean transmission from a base station to a terminal, and uplink may mean transmission from a terminal to a base station.

There may be various methods for providing an improved service in such a communication network. For example, a method for providing an improved service in a communication network is a method for improving a transmission rate, a method for improving spectrum efficiency, a method for providing a system band for a service demand, a method for providing a connection for a service demand, a method for providing a reliability There may be retransmission for enhancement and a method of avoiding retransmission through enhanced transmission, a method of providing wide coverage, and a method of transmitting by reflecting characteristics of an operating frequency. Hereinafter, a plurality of methods described for example as a method for providing an improved service in a communication network may be specifically described.

First, among methods for providing an improved service in a communication network, the method of improving the transmission rate may refer to a method of improving the transmission rate by improving the performance of signal processing. In this case, if there is a regulation on frequency operation according to spectrum use in a communication network, a service may be provided within a range that satisfies the regulation. For example, in a communication network, a transmission rate may be improved by applying High MCS (eg, 1024 QAM), which is a signal processing technology with improved performance.

However, in a communication network, a radio signal may be lost due to an environment such as free space loss, rain, and air. In particular, in the case of microwaves and millimeter waves having a frequency of 6 GHz (hereinafter, referred to as mmWave frequency when the frequency is 6 GHz or higher), the wireless signal may be greatly affected by the environment. have. Therefore, in order to apply High MCS in a mmWave-based communication network, it is necessary to apply an adaptive MCS according to an environment. For example, mmWave-based telecommunication networks are linked according to availability (e.g., 99.5%, 99.9%, 99.95%, 99.995%, 99.999%, etc.) Whether or not link adaptation is performed and the maximum MCS may be configured and operated.

In addition, the mmWave-based communication network may provide a service based on a method of combining and using two or more radio links similar to a carrier aggregation method using two or more carriers at the same time. For example, a millimeter wave-based communication network combines high and low frequencies so that when the transmission quality of one wireless link reflecting the channel characteristics of each link is degraded, communication can be performed based on other wireless links. can be set.

Meanwhile, a method of improving spectrum efficiency among methods for providing an improved service in a communication network may refer to a method of improving spectrum efficiency based on multiplexing. Multiplexing may be achieved through a plurality of layers and links, which may be provided based on multiple antennas and multiple transmission points. Multiple antennas may require proper placement and spacing to form an operating frequency and multiple layers and links. In addition, multiple antennas may require fast and accurate control and cooperation between multiple transmission points for multiple transmission points.

In addition, looking at a method of providing a system band that meets a service demand among methods for providing an improved service in a communication network, a relatively wide system band may be required to provide high-capacity data. System bandwidth can be widened by combining two or more radio links and broadening the spectrum. In general, the wireless access system uses a band below 6 GHz as a specific system, but in an unlicensed band or a public frequency band (eg, 5 GHz, mmWave), two or more systems coexist in accordance with the frequency operation regulations. can provide In particular, the unlicensed band and the public frequency band have the advantage of providing a relatively rich spectrum, and it may be possible to provide high-capacity data through a relatively wide system band. At this time, the maximum system band may be limited to a predetermined bandwidth (for example, 1 or 2 GHz) or less due to hardware limitations, and the system band is further divided (e.g., due to the coexistence of other systems or other devices in the same system) For example, channelization) may be provided.

In addition, according to a method of providing a connection that meets a service demand among methods for providing an improved service in a communication network, a wireless access system is a point-to-multipoint (point-to-multipoint) communication system rather than a point-to-point communication. ) communication (or multiple access) service may be required. In addition, the radio access system may be required to provide more connections through limited radio resources.

In addition, according to a method for improving reliability among methods for providing an improved service in a communication network, a case in which data transmission fails or an error occurs may exist in wireless communication, which is a reliable transmission, data transmission It can be overcome by correcting the error and retransmission at the transmitting device side. In this case, the transmitting device in the communication network may determine the progress of data transmission through feedback (or acknowledgment) transmitted from the receiving device receiving the data. In addition, in a communication network, a transmitting device may retransmit the same data without feedback from a receiving device or may improve reliability of data transmission through two or more links or transmission points.

Further, according to a method for providing a wide coverage among methods for providing an improved service in a communication network, the communication network transmits a high-power signal from a transmitting device or a low-power signal due to signal attenuation at a receiving device to provide a wide coverage By controlling to receive a signal of , it is possible to provide an improved service to a receiving device having a relatively low channel quality or a distance from the transmitting device. A method for providing a wide coverage in a communication network can overcome the limitation on the propagation distance of a signal through multi-hop transmission using a repeater. In addition, a method for providing a wide coverage in a communication network can spatially separate a signal instead of transmitting a signal in all directions, and through this, the coverage can be extended by strongly radiating the signal in a specific direction. In this case, the communication network may apply and operate a technique for forming a beam or removing interference by using a directional antenna or by disposing a plurality of antennas.

2 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a space of beamforming through multiple antennas in a communication network according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a multi-antenna supporting beamforming in a communication network according to an embodiment of the present invention. 4 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a sector corresponding to a beamformer of a multi-antenna supporting beamforming in a communication network according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 2 , in a communication network according to an embodiment of the present invention, multiple antennas may perform beamforming. For example, beamforming may mean forming a beam through a directional antenna that strongly radiates a signal in a specific direction, or forming a beam by appropriately controlling antenna arrangement and beam radiation of the antenna. The multi-antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention may perform beamforming in a specific direction by strongly radiating a signal in a specific direction.

Specifically, the multi-antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention can perform beamforming by spatially dividing a direction in which a signal is radiated as shown in FIG. 2, and an independent beam for each spatially divided space. Foaming can be performed. The structure of the multi-antenna for performing beamforming as described above may be described in detail with reference to FIG. 3 below.

Referring to FIG. 3 , a multi-antenna performing beamforming in a communication network according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a plurality of antenna panels including a plurality of antenna elements emitting a signal for beamforming. panel) and a plurality of beamformers including a plurality of antenna panels. In this case, the plurality of beamformers may be formed to face different directions by being included in the upper, middle, and lower ends of the multi-antenna, respectively.

Here, the plurality of beamformers may refer to a plurality of sectors constituting a data service area, which is a beam area formed through beamforming of the multi-antenna. That is, each of the plurality of beamformers included in the multi-antenna may be mapped to each of a plurality of sectors constituting a data service area by a beam formed through beamforming of the multi-antenna. Accordingly, the beamformer described below may be used interchangeably with the sector. Also, the plurality of beamformers included in the multi-antenna may include a plurality of horizontal beamformers and a plurality of vertical beamformers. Here, the plurality of horizontal beamformers may refer to beamformers formed to horizontally face different directions in multiple antennas. Also, the plurality of vertical beamformers may refer to beamformers formed to vertically face different directions in a multi-antenna.

For example, in the multi-antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of horizontal beamformers may perform data transmission and reception with a communication node located at the same or similar height as that of the multi-antenna, and there are N _h . can be assumed In addition, in the multi-antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention, the plurality of vertical beamformers is located at a height different from that of the multi-antenna communication node (eg, a base station, repeater, street lamp, etc.) or a moving communication node (eg, For example, data transmission and reception with a bus, train, drone, user terminal, etc.) may be performed, and N _v may be assumed.

In such an environment, when it is assumed that the area where the service is provided based on the beamforming of multiple antennas has a spherical shape, the area where the service is provided based on the beamforming of the multiple antennas is a sector corresponding to a plurality of horizontal beamformers. It may be configured based on at least one of a horizontal sector and a vertical sector corresponding to the plurality of vertical beamformers.

와 같은 좌표에 기초하여 구분될 수 있다.Specifically, when a multi-antenna service is provided based on beamforming in a horizontal sector that is a sector corresponding to a plurality of horizontal beamformers, one horizontal sector is a horizontal sector of 2π/N _h It can have an angle (which can be converted to an angle corresponding to a zenith angle or a nadir angle). For example, with respect to the reference point 0°, the horizontal sector is

It can be distinguished based on coordinates such as

와 같은 좌표에 기초하여 구분될 수 있다.In addition, when a multi-antenna service is provided based on beamforming in a vertical sector that is a sector corresponding to a plurality of vertical beamformers, one vertical sector is 2π/N _v It can have a vertical angle (which can be converted to an angle corresponding to an azimuth angle). For example, the vertical sector with respect to the reference point 0° is

It can be distinguished based on coordinates such as

In this regard, FIG. 4(a) may show a case in which an area in which a service is provided based on beamforming in a multi-antenna consists of three horizontal sectors. FIG. 4(b) may show a case in which an area in which a service is provided based on beamforming in a multi-antenna consists of three vertical sectors. FIG. 4( c ) may show a case in which an area in which a service is provided based on beamforming in a multi-antenna consists of three horizontal sectors and three vertical sectors. That is, FIG. 4(c) may represent a case in which an area in which a service is provided based on beamforming in a multi-antenna is divided into nine sectors.

As described above, when an area provided with a service by each of a plurality of beamformers (ie, a plurality of sectors) included in the multi-antenna is configured, an area provided with a service by each of the plurality of beamformers is an antenna. It is set as an area in which a service is provided by the panel (service area of the beamformer = service area of the antenna panel) or is set as an area in which a service is provided by each of a plurality of antenna panels (service area of the beamformer/service area of the antenna panel) service area).

On the other hand, a plurality of beamformers included in the multi-antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention described with reference to FIG. 3, a plurality of antenna panels included in each of the plurality of beamformers, and each of the plurality of antenna panels The included plurality of antenna elements may be described in detail below with reference to FIGS. 5 to 6 .

5 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a structure of a multi-antenna supporting beamforming in a communication network according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 5 , the structure of a multi-antenna supporting beamforming in a communication network according to an embodiment of the present invention can be confirmed. Specifically, referring to FIG. 5A , the multi-antenna may include a plurality of sectors (which may mean a plurality of beamformers) at the top, the middle, and the bottom. For example, a plurality of sectors included in the middle of the multi-antenna shown in FIG. 5A may mean the horizontal sector described with reference to FIG. 4 . Also, referring to FIG. 5B , each of a plurality of sectors included in a multi-antana may include a plurality of panels. In this case, the plurality of antenna panels included in each of the plurality of beam sectors of the multi-antenna may be formed to have the same predetermined separation distance from the adjacent antenna panel within the area of the beamformer including the plurality of antenna panels.

개의 안테나 패널들 및 수직으로

개의 안테나 패널들을 포함할 수 있다. 즉, 다중 안테나에 포함된 복수의 빔 섹터들 중 하나의 빔 섹터는 총

개의 안테나 패널을 포함할 수 있다. 여기서, 복수의 안테나 패널들 각각은 적어도 하나의 RF 체인(RF chain)이 복수의 안테나 패널들 각각에 포함된 복수의 안테나 소자들과 연결된 것을 특징으로 하는 다중 안테나. 또한, 복수의 안테나 패널들은 수평으로

의 이격 거리를 가질 수 있고, 수직으로

의 이격 거리를 가질 수 있다.For example, one beam sector among a plurality of beam sectors included in the multi-antenna is horizontally located.

antenna panels and vertically

It may include two antenna panels. That is, one beam sector among the plurality of beam sectors included in the multi-antenna is a total

It may include two antenna panels. Here, each of the plurality of antenna panels has at least one RF chain connected to a plurality of antenna elements included in each of the plurality of antenna panels. In addition, the plurality of antenna panels are horizontally

can have a separation distance of

can have a separation distance of .

개의 안테나 소자들 및

개의 안테나 소자들을 포함할 수 있다. 즉, 다중 안테나에 포함된 복수의 안테나 패널들 중 하나의 안테나 패널은 총

개의 안테나 소자들을 포함할 수 있다. 여기서, 복수의 안테나 소자들은 수평으로

의 이격 거리를 가질 수 있고, 수직으로

의 이격 거리를 가질 수 있다. 이때, 복수의 안테나 패널들 각각은 최대

(예를 들어, 102°)만큼 다운 틸팅(downtilting) 및 업 틸팅(uptilting)될 수 있고,

만큼 수평 틸팅(horizontal tilting)될 수 있다.In addition, referring to FIG. 5( c ), the plurality of antenna elements included in each of the plurality of antenna panels of the multi-antenna are horizontally positioned.

antenna elements and

It may include two antenna elements. That is, one antenna panel among the plurality of antenna panels included in the multi-antenna is a total

It may include two antenna elements. Here, the plurality of antenna elements are horizontally

can have a separation distance of

can have a separation distance of . At this time, each of the plurality of antenna panels is

(for example, 102 °) down tilting (downtilting) and up tilting (uptilting) can be,

It can be horizontally tilted as much as

Hereinafter, a radiation pattern of an antenna element included in an antenna panel of a multi-antenna supporting beamforming in a communication network according to an embodiment of the present invention may be described. In a communication network according to an embodiment of the present invention, a beam pattern may be defined for a spatial area in which a service can be provided through beamforming of multiple antennas. Here, when the beam is radiated, the beam width may be described by assuming that it is a half-power beam width having a half intensity compared to a main lobe. A radiation pattern of multiple antennas in a communication network according to an embodiment of the present invention may be generated based on Table 1 below.

6 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a geometric distribution of multiple antennas supporting beamforming in a communication network according to an embodiment of the present invention.

개의 안테나 소자를 나타낼 수 있고, x 축은 수직으로 위치하는

개의 안테나 소자를 나타낼 수 있다.Referring to FIG. 6 , an antenna element included in an antenna panel of a multi-antenna supporting beamforming in a communication network according to an embodiment of the present invention may be configured based on a 2D uniform rectangular array (URA) scheme. Specifically, referring to the applied distribution of the antenna elements included in the multi-antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention, the y-axis is horizontally located.

can represent two antenna elements, and the x-axis is located vertically

Antenna elements can be represented.

를 적용할 수 있다. 구체적으로, 2D URA 방식의 안테나 소자는 이하의 수학식 1에 기초하여 위상 변이(phase shift)를 적응적 빔 형성(ABF, adaptive beamforming)에 적용할 수 있다.In this case, the antenna element according to an embodiment of the present invention is an antenna array factor based on the arrangement method of the antenna element.

can be applied. Specifically, the 2D URA type antenna element may apply a phase shift to adaptive beamforming (ABF) based on Equation 1 below.

까지 스티어링(steering)될 수 있다. 또한, 다중 안테나의 안테나 패널 또는 안테나 소자는 기계적인 틸팅을 수행하는 경우, 틸팅이 수행되는 각도에 기초하여 지향점이 변경되는 것과는 달리 전기적인 틸팅을 고려할 수 있다. 이와 같은 경우, 다중 안테나의 기저대역(baseband)에서 이하의 수학식 2를 적용할 수 있다. 수학식 2에서

전기적 수평 틸팅 각을 의미할 수 있고,

는 전기적 다운 틸팅 각을 의미할 수 있다.At this time, the antenna panel or antenna element of the multi-antenna is aligned in the maximum horizontal and vertical directions with respect to the boresight.

It can be steered up to In addition, when the antenna panel or the antenna element of the multi-antenna performs mechanical tilting, electric tilting may be considered, unlike the direction point being changed based on the angle at which the tilting is performed. In this case, the following Equation 2 can be applied to the baseband of the multi-antenna. in Equation 2

It may mean an electrical horizontal tilting angle,

may mean an electrical down tilting angle.

7 is a graph illustrating a gain and a beamwidth for beamforming of multiple antennas supporting beamforming in a communication network according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 7 , an x-axis of a graph showing a gain and a beamwidth for beamforming of a multi-antenna supporting beamforming in a communication network according to an embodiment of the present invention may represent an angle, and the y-axis may be It can represent the antenna gain.

A multi-antenna supporting beamforming in a communication network according to an embodiment of the present invention may perform beamforming through antenna alignment and beamforming for a high data rate for data transmission. In this case, the multi-antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention may provide an antenna gain as shown in the graph shown in FIG. 7 , but it can be confirmed that beamforming through the multi-antenna has a relatively narrow beam width. That is, the multi-antenna may require a beam pattern, rapid communication node and beam discovery, efficient directional antenna alignment, and beam tracking for maintaining data transmission/reception.

Hereinafter, a method of supporting beamforming in a communication network according to another embodiment of the present invention for multi-antenna-based beamforming may be specifically described with reference to FIGS. 8 to 15 .

8 is a flowchart illustrating a method of supporting beamforming in a communication network according to another embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 8 , in a method for supporting beamforming in a communication network according to another embodiment of the present invention, communication is performed based on multiple antennas in the communication network according to an embodiment of the present invention described with reference to FIG. 1 . It can be performed on a device that That is, an apparatus for performing a method for supporting beamforming in a communication network according to another embodiment of the present invention may refer to the multiple antennas described with reference to FIGS. 2 to 7 .

First, the multi-antenna may select a beamformer that generates a transmission beam for transmitting data to a plurality of communication nodes included in a communication network from among a plurality of beamformers included in the multi-antenna ( S100 ). Here, the plurality of beamformers included in the multi-antenna may mean a plurality of beamformers included at the top, middle, and bottom of the multi-antenna described with reference to FIGS. 3 and 5, and may include a plurality of antenna panels. can

Thereafter, the multi-antenna may select at least one antenna panel corresponding to each of the plurality of communication nodes from among the plurality of antenna panels included in the selected beamformer ( S200 ). That is, the multi-antenna may select at least one panel for transmitting data through transmission beams for a plurality of different communication nodes from among a plurality of antennas included in the selected beamformer.

Thereafter, the multi-antenna may set a parameter for allocating an independent transmission beam to each of the plurality of communication nodes based on the selected at least one antenna panel ( S300 ). Specifically, the parameters for allocating an independent transmission beam to each of the plurality of communication nodes are an order of transmitting data to each of the plurality of communication nodes through the transmission beam, and a transmission in which data is transmitted to each of the plurality of communication nodes. It may be one of a beam index and a beam width of a beam.

Here, the beam index and the beam width may be set differently according to one of a service type supported by a plurality of communication nodes and a type of a plurality of communication nodes. For example, a service type supported by the plurality of communication nodes may mean a communication method supported by each of the plurality of communication nodes. Also, the type of the plurality of communication nodes may refer to a type related to the mobility of the communication node, such as a stationary communication node without mobility or a mobile communication node with mobility. Also, the types of the plurality of communication nodes may refer to types related to the types of communication nodes, such as a base station and a user terminal.

Thereafter, the multi-antenna may transmit data to a plurality of communication nodes using a transmission beam through a plurality of antenna panels based on the set parameter ( S400 ). Specifically, when the parameter set for allocating an independent transmission beam to each of the plurality of communication nodes is the order of transmitting data through the transmission beam to each of the plurality of communication nodes, the multi-antenna is in the order of transmitting data. Accordingly, data may be sequentially transmitted to the plurality of communication nodes through the transmission beam.

In addition, when a parameter set for allocating an independent transmission beam to each of a plurality of communication nodes is a beam index, the multi-antenna may be configured according to one of a service type supported by a plurality of communication nodes and a type of a plurality of communication nodes. Data may be transmitted to each of a plurality of communication nodes through a transmission beam having a beam index set differently.

In addition, when a parameter set for allocating an independent transmission beam to each of a plurality of communication nodes is a beam width, the multi-antenna may be connected to each other according to one of a service type supported by the plurality of communication nodes and a type of the plurality of communication nodes. Data may be transmitted to each of the plurality of communication nodes through a transmission beam having a differently set beamwidth.

Through the method as described above, the multi-antenna may allocate a transmission beam for transmitting data to each of a plurality of communication nodes based on a parameter set for allocating an independent transmission beam to each of the plurality of communication nodes, and , data may be transmitted through the allocated transmission beam. In this case, the multi-antenna may transmit data through a transmission beam to the plurality of communication nodes through a plurality of antenna elements included in at least one antenna panel. Hereinafter, a process for a method of supporting beamforming in a communication network according to another embodiment of the present invention described with reference to FIG. 8 may be described with reference to FIGS. 9 to 15 .

9 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a first embodiment of a method for supporting beamforming in multiple antennas of a communication network according to another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 10 is a multiple antenna of a communication network according to another embodiment of the present invention. It is a conceptual diagram illustrating a second embodiment of a method for supporting beamforming in to be.

9 to 11 , the multi-antenna 900 according to another embodiment of the present invention may allocate an independent transmission beam to each of a plurality of communication nodes. Specifically, the plurality of communication nodes may include a first communication node 901 , a second communication node 902 , and a third communication node 903 . The multiple antenna 900 may allocate a first transmission beam 910 for transmitting data to the first communication node 901, and transmit data to the first communication node ( 901) can be transmitted. In addition, the multi-antenna 900 may allocate a second transmission beam 920 for transmitting data to the second communication node 902 , and transmit data to the second communication node 902 through the allocated second transmission beam 920 . can be transmitted to node 902 . In addition, the multi-antenna 900 may allocate a third transmission beam 930 for transmitting data to the third communication node 903 , and transmit data through the third transmission beam 930 allocated to the third communication node 903 . can be transmitted to node 903 .

In this case, the multi-antenna 900 may allocate an independent transmission beam to each of the plurality of communication nodes and preset parameters for transmitting data through the allocated transmission beam. Specifically, the parameter preset for allocating an independent transmission beam to each of a plurality of communication nodes in the multi-antenna 900 and transmitting data through the allocated transmission beam includes a plurality of parameters as described with reference to FIG. 8 . It may be one of an order of transmitting data through a transmission beam to each of the communication nodes, a beam index and a beam width of a transmission beam for transmitting data to each of a plurality of communication nodes.

First, referring to FIG. 9 , the multi-antenna 900 according to another embodiment of the present invention may simultaneously transmit data to each of a plurality of communication nodes through an independent transmission beam for each of the plurality of communication nodes. That is, the multi-antenna 900 is connected to the first transmission beam 910 for the first communication node 901 , the second transmission beam 920 for the second communication node 902 , and the third communication node 903 . Data may be simultaneously transmitted to each of the first communication node 901 , the second communication node 902 , and the third communication node 903 through the third transmission beam 930 .

In addition, referring to FIG. 10 , the multi-antenna 900 according to another embodiment of the present invention provides an independent transmission beam to a plurality of communication nodes according to preset parameters for allocation of transmission beams and data transmission through the allocated transmission beams. Based on the data, data may be transmitted to each of the plurality of communication nodes through the transmission beam. In this case, the multi-antenna 900 transmits data through the transmission beam to each of the plurality of communication nodes in a preset parameter for allocating independent transmission beams to the plurality of communication nodes and transmitting data through the allocated transmission beams. In the case of the transmission order, data may be sequentially transmitted to a plurality of communication nodes according to the order of data transmission through the transmission beam.

For example, the multi-antenna 900 is a first communication node 901 in the order of a first communication node 901, a second communication node 902, and a third communication node 903 among a plurality of communication nodes; Data may be transmitted through independent transmission beams for each of the second communication node 902 and the third communication node 903 . That is, the multi-antenna 900 may transmit data to the first communication node 901 through the first transmission beam 910 allocated to the first communication node 901 among the plurality of communication nodes. Thereafter, the multi-antenna 900 may transmit data to the second communication node 902 through the second transmission beam 920 allocated for the second communication node 902 . Thereafter, the multi-antenna 900 may transmit data to the third communication node 903 through the third transmission beam 930 allocated for the third communication node 903 .

In addition, referring to FIG. 11 , the multi-antenna 900 according to another embodiment of the present invention provides a method in which data is not transmitted simultaneously through adjacent transmission beams among transmission beams allocated to each of a plurality of communication nodes. Data may be transmitted to each of the communication nodes. For example, the multiple antenna 900 may be configured through a first transmit beam 910 assigned to the first communication node 901 and a third transmit beam 930 assigned to the third communication node 903, respectively. Data may be transmitted to the first communication node 901 and the third communication node 903 . Thereafter, the multi-antenna 900 may transmit data to the second communication node 902 through the second transmission beam 920 allocated for the second communication node 902 .

12 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a fourth embodiment of a method for supporting beamforming in multiple antennas of a communication network according to another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating beamforming in a communication network according to another embodiment of the present invention. It is a conceptual diagram illustrating a fifth embodiment of a method for supporting

Referring to FIG. 12 , the multi-antenna 1200 according to another embodiment of the present invention may allocate an independent transmission beam to each of a plurality of communication nodes, and may transmit data through the allocated transmission beam. Specifically, the plurality of communication nodes may be classified based on a service type provided by each of the plurality of communication nodes. For example, the plurality of communication nodes may include a first communication node 1211 of a first service type, a second communication node 1212 of the first service type, and a third communication node 1213 of the first service type. can Also, the plurality of communication nodes may include a first communication node 1221 of a second service type and a second communication node 1222 of a second service type.

In addition, the plurality of communication nodes may be classified based on the type of each of the plurality of communication nodes. For example, the plurality of communication nodes may include a first communication node 1211 of a first type, a second communication node 1212 of the first type, and a third communication node 1213 of the first type. In addition, the plurality of communication nodes may include a first communication node 1221 of a second type and a second communication node 1222 of a second type.

Here, it has been described that the plurality of communication nodes providing the first service type are the same as the plurality of communication nodes of the first type, but the present invention is not necessarily limited thereto. That is, the plurality of communication nodes providing the first service type may not be the same as the plurality of communication nodes of the first type. In this case, the multi-antenna 1200 may simultaneously transmit data to the plurality of communication nodes through different independent transmission beams based on the service type provided by the plurality of communication nodes or the types of the plurality of communication nodes.

Meanwhile, in a communication network according to another embodiment of the present invention, the multi-antenna 1200 simultaneously transmits data through different independent transmission beams based on a service type provided by a plurality of communication nodes or a type of a plurality of communication nodes. It may not be transmitted, which may be specifically described with reference to FIG. 13 .

Referring to FIG. 13 , in a communication network according to another embodiment of the present invention, a multi-antenna 1200 transmits different independent transmission beams based on a service type provided by a plurality of communication nodes or a type of a plurality of communication nodes. data may not be transmitted simultaneously. In this case, the multi-antenna 1200 sets the beam index or beam width of the transmission beam transmitted to the plurality of communication nodes to be different from each other so that the plurality of communication nodes can recognize the transmission beam through which data is transmitted from the multi-antenna 1200 . can

Specifically, referring to FIG. 13A , the multi-antenna 1200 may allocate a transmission beam having a different beam index for each service type provided by a plurality of communication nodes or a type of a plurality of communication nodes. For example, the multi-antenna 1200 may allocate transmission beams having different beam indices for each service type provided by a plurality of communication nodes, and transmit beams having different beam indices to the plurality of communication nodes. data can be transmitted. That is, the multi-antenna 1200 transmits data to the first communication node 1211 of the first service type, the second communication node 1212 of the first service type, and the third communication node 1213 of the first service type. The beam index of the transmission beam used may be set differently from the beam index of the transmission beam through which data is transmitted to the first communication node 1221 of the second service type and the second communication node 1222 of the second service type.

Also, referring to FIG. 13B , the multi-antenna 1200 may allocate a transmission beam having a different beamwidth for each type of service provided by a plurality of communication nodes or a type of a plurality of communication nodes. That is, the multi-antenna 1200 allocates a transmission beam having a different beamwidth for each service type of a plurality of communication nodes or a type of a plurality of communication nodes irrespective of a beam index of a transmission beam through which data is transmitted to a plurality of communication nodes. can do.

For example, the multi-antenna 1200 may allocate transmission beams having different beamwidths for each service type provided by a plurality of communication nodes, and transmit data to a plurality of communication nodes through transmission beams having different beamwidths. can be transmitted. That is, the multi-antenna 1200 transmits data to the first communication node 1211 of the first service type, the second communication node 1212 of the first service type, and the third communication node 1213 of the first service type. The beam widths of the transmitted beams to be used may be set differently from each other.

14 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a first embodiment of a method of supporting beamforming for a communication node moving in a communication network according to another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 15 is a communication network according to another embodiment of the present invention. It is a conceptual diagram illustrating a second embodiment of a method for supporting beamforming for a communication node moving in .

14 and 15 , when a communication network according to another embodiment of the present invention supports spatially divided beamforming and when a communication node that receives a beam through beamforming moves, beams from multiple antennas You can check the process of changing or selecting .

First, referring to FIG. 14 , the communication network of the present invention may include a plurality of multiple antennas. Specifically, the plurality of multi-antennas may include a first multi-antenna 1411 and a second multi-antenna 1412 . The communication node 1420 that receives data by the first multi-antenna 1411 and the second multi-antenna 1412 in the communication network is a second in the data service area provided through beamforming of the first multi-antenna 1411 . It may move through a path toward a data service area provided through beamforming of the multi-antenna 1412 . In this case, the sector and panel of the transmission beam through which data is transmitted from the communication network to the communication node 1420 may vary depending on the path through which the communication node 1420 moves.

For example, when the communication node 1420 moves from the first location (a) to the second location (b) in the communication network, the sector of the transmission beam through which data is received at the communication node 1420 is the first multiple antenna. The sector of 1411 may be changed to the sector of the second multi-antenna 1412 . In this case, in the process in which the sector of the transmission beam through which data is received in the communication node 1420 is changed, the panel of the transmission beam and the transmission beam may be changed. In addition, when the communication node 1420 moves from the third position (c) to the fourth position (d) in the communication network, the panel of the transmission beam through which data is received at the communication node 1420 may be changed. . That is, a panel of a transmission beam through which data is received at the communication node 1420 may be changed within a plurality of antenna panels included in a sector of a transmission beam through which data is received at the communication node 1420 . In addition, when the communication node 1420 moves from the fifth position (e) to the sixth position (f), the sector of the transmission beam through which data is received at the communication node 1420 and the transmission beam may be changed. . That is, a sector of a transmission beam through which data is received by the communication node 1420 may be changed within a plurality of sectors included in the second multi-antenna 1412 .

Meanwhile, referring to FIG. 15 , in a communication network according to another embodiment of the present invention, a multi-antenna 1510 for transmitting data through a transmit beam and a communication node for receiving data through a transmit beam from the multi-antenna 1510 ( 1520) may be included. In this case, the communication node 1520 may be a moving communication node. Here, the multi-antenna 1510 may transmit data through a plurality of transmission beams. Also, the communication node 1520 that receives data from the multi-antenna 1510 through a transmit beam may perform receive beamforming and may have a plurality of receive beams.

In this case, the multi-antenna 1510 may change the transmission beam for transmitting data according to the movement of the communication node 1520 . Also, the communication node 1520 that receives data from the multiple antennas 1510 through a transmission beam may perform receive beamforming to receive data from the multiple antennas 1510 . That is, the communication node 1520 may change a reception beam according to a change in a transmission beam through which data is transmitted from the multi-antenna 1520 while moving.

Specifically, according to FIG. 15A , the multi-antenna 1510 may transmit data to the communication node 1520 through one transmission beam among a plurality of transmission beams capable of transmitting data through the multi-antenna. In this case, due to the movement of the communication node 1520 , a method in which beamforming is supported by the multi-antenna 1520 may be changed as shown in FIGS. 15A to 15B and 15D . That is, a transmission beam through which data is transmitted from the multi-antenna 1510 to the communication node 1520 may be changed. Due to the movement of the communication node 1520, a method in which beamforming is supported by the multi-antenna 1520 may be changed as shown in FIGS. 15(a) to 15(c) and 15(d). That is, the reception beam for receiving data transmitted through the transmission beam from the multi-antenna 1510 in the communication node 1520 may be changed. Also, due to the movement of the communication node 1520 , a method in which beamforming is supported by the multi-antenna 1520 may be changed as shown in FIGS. 15A to 15D . That is, a transmit beam through which data is transmitted from the multi-antenna 1510 to the communication node 1520 and a receive beam for receiving data transmitted from the multi-antenna 1510 through the transmit beam at the communication node 1520 may be changed. have.

16 is a graph illustrating a beam change time according to a distance and speed between multiple antennas and a communication node in a communication network according to another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 17 is a communication node in a communication network according to another embodiment of the present invention. It is a graph showing the failure rate of beam alignment according to the speed of .

First, the x-axis of the graph shown in FIG. 16 may mean the velocity of a communication node that receives data through a transmission beam from multiple antennas, and the y-axis is the transmission beam of multiple antennas due to movement of the communication node. It may mean a changed beam change time. In addition, the x-axis of the graph shown in FIG. 17 may mean a speed of a communication node that receives data through a transmission beam from multiple antennas, and the y-axis may mean a beam misalignment rate.

16 and 17, in a communication network according to another embodiment of the present invention, when a distance between multiple antennas for transmitting data through a transmit beam and a communication node for receiving data through a transmit beam is close, and When the speed is high, beam change may occur more frequently than when the distance between multiple antennas and the communication node is long and when the speed of the communication node is slow. That is, according to the graph shown in FIG. 17 , it can be seen that the beam misalignment rate increases as the speed of a communication node that receives data through a transmission beam from multiple antennas increases.

18 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a first embodiment of an antenna panel and beam change according to panelized beamforming in multiple antennas of a communication network according to another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 19 is a communication diagram according to another embodiment of the present invention. It is a conceptual diagram illustrating a second embodiment of an antenna panel and beam change according to panelized beamforming in multiple antennas of a network.

18 and 19 , when beamforming is performed based on an antenna panel in multiple antennas of a communication network according to another embodiment of the present invention, a transmission beam through which data is transmitted due to changes in the antenna panel and the transmission beam A process in which the generated antenna panel and the transmission beam are changed can be checked. Here, the panelized beamforming performed by the multi-antenna may mean that data is transmitted through independent transmission beams generated from each of the plurality of antenna panels included in the multi-antenna. In this case, the multi-antenna may independently set a control channel (or control signal) for data transmission in the same way as data transmission through independent transmission beams generated from each of the plurality of antenna panels.

In this regard, FIG. 18 may show a case in which an antenna panel generating a transmission beam through which data is transmitted from multiple antennas is changed. In this case, the multi-antenna may transmit an indicator indicating that an antenna panel generating a transmission beam through which data is transmitted has changed to a communication node receiving data through the transmission beam. In addition, when performing HARQ retransmission for data transmission, the multi-antenna may perform HARQ retransmission through a transmission beam generated through the changed antenna panel.

Meanwhile, FIG. 19 may show a case in which a transmission beam is changed within the same antenna panel among a plurality of antenna panels included in a multi-antenna. In this case, the multi-antenna may perform beam tracking such as a phase shift according to a change in a transmission beam that is changed within the same antenna panel.

20 is a conceptual diagram illustrating muting-based beam allocation performed in multiple antennas of a communication network according to another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 21 is a communication network between adjacent bins of multiple antennas in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention. It is a conceptual diagram showing the presence or absence of interference.

Referring to FIG. 20 , a beam pattern formed by beamforming in a multi-antenna of a communication network according to another embodiment of the present invention may be formed to overlap an adjacent transmission beam. In this case, the plurality of transmit beams through which data is transmitted through the multiple antennas may cause interference between adjacent transmit beams. To this end, in a communication network according to another embodiment of the present invention, the multi-antenna may control data not to be transmitted simultaneously through adjacent transmission beams among a plurality of transmission beams based on beam muting.

Specifically, FIG. 20( a ) may show a case in which a plurality of transmission beams, which are a part of all transmission beams capable of transmitting data from multiple antennas, are beam-muted at time t ₁ . FIG. 20( b ) may show a case in which a plurality of transmit beams, which are a part of all transmit beams capable of transmitting data from multiple antennas, are beam-muted at time t _i +1. As such, in order to control data not to be transmitted through adjacent transmit beams at the same time among all transmit beams capable of transmitting data in multiple antennas of a communication network according to another embodiment of the present invention, the problem of Equation 3 below is solved. can be defined

On the other hand, referring to FIG. 21 , the multi-antenna may redefine the beam selection problem of selecting a transmission beam not affected by the interference by schematizing the result according to whether or not there is interference between adjacent transmission beams in the multi-antenna, and the redefined problem By solving , it is possible to control not to select adjacent transmission beams. In this case, a combination of transmit beams selectable from the multiple antennas may be defined as in Equation 4 below, and based on this, one beam set among all transmit beams through which data can be transmitted through the multiple antennas may be selected.

는 이하의 수학식 6과 같이 산출될 수 있다.In addition, the multi-antenna selects an optimal transmit beam by applying a weighting factor according to each time in order to select one transmit beam from among a plurality of transmit beams included in one beam set as shown in Equation 5 below. You can choose. In addition, in Equation 5, the weighting factor

can be calculated as in Equation 6 below.

22 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a first embodiment of a method for allocating beam resources in multiple antennas of a communication network according to another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 23 is a multi-antenna of a communication network according to another embodiment of the present invention. It is a conceptual diagram illustrating a second embodiment of a method of allocating beam resources in and FIG. 25 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a fourth embodiment of a method for allocating beam resources in multiple antennas of a communication network according to another embodiment of the present invention.

First, referring to FIG. 22, in a communication network according to another embodiment of the present invention, a multi-antenna may spatially divide a beam resource region in order to resolve interference between transmission beams. In the graph shown in FIG. 22 , the x-axis may mean resources with respect to time, and the y-axis may mean resources with respect to frequency.

Specifically, according to FIG. 22( a ), the multi-antenna may spatially divide the beam resource region so as not to overlap in the time axis. In addition, according to FIG. 22(b), the multi-antenna may spatially divide the beam resource region so as not to overlap on the frequency axis. Through this, the multi-antenna may mitigate interference between adjacent transmission beams. In this case, the multi-antenna may divide the entire band of the transmission beam into M specific units (eg, subbands) of the frequency, and the beam measurement result ( For example, a resource on a frequency may be allocated based on N measurement results).

In addition, referring to FIG. 23 , a process of allocating subbands within a beam in multiple antennas of another communication network according to the present invention can be confirmed. Specifically, the multi-antenna allocates transmission beams to different communication nodes based on the beam measurement results of N subbands among M subbands in a resource (eg, a frame) formed from one beam. can For example, the multi-antenna may allocate a transmission beam to subband #0 to subband #2 to the first communication node RX1, and may allocate a transmission beam to subband #M-1 to the second communication node RX2. have.

In addition, referring to FIG. 24 , a process of allocating subbands between beams in multiple antennas of a communication network according to another embodiment of the present invention can be confirmed. Also, referring to FIG. 25 , a process of allocating beam power in multiple antennas of a communication network according to another embodiment of the present invention can be confirmed.

For example, the multi-antenna may apply a resource allocation scheme for a subband in one transmission beam to a resource allocation process in an adjacent transmission beam. Specifically, the multi-antenna may allocate subbands #0 to subband #1 among a plurality of subbands corresponding to beam #1, which is the first transmission beam, to RX1, and Subband #M-1 to subband #M-2 may not be used. In this case, the multi-antenna may allocate subband #M-1 to subband #M-2 from among a plurality of subbands corresponding to beam #2, which is the second transmission beam, to RX3, and in beam #1, which is the first transmission beam, The used subband #0 to subband #1 may not be used.

The method for allocating beam resources performed in multiple antennas of a communication network according to another embodiment of the present invention described with reference to FIGS. 22 to 24 is a system (or algorithm) including a plurality of steps as shown in Table 2 below. ) can be expressed as

In addition, referring to FIG. 25 , a process of allocating beam power of multiple antennas in a communication network according to another embodiment of the present invention can be confirmed. Specifically, the multi-antenna may allocate the power of a transmission beam through which data is transmitted from the multi-antenna in consideration of interference and received signal strength. That is, referring to FIG. 25( a ), it is possible to check the INR for a subcarrier of each transmission beam through which data is transmitted from multiple antennas. In this regard, FIG. 25(b) may show a method of allocating power to a transmission beam through which data is transmitted from multiple antennas. Also, FIG. 25( c ) may show a method of allocating power for a transmission beam through which data is transmitted from multiple antennas using a frequency selective power allocation method. For example, the multi-antenna may allocate power to a beam based on a system (or algorithm) as shown in Table 3 below.

Meanwhile, in a communication network according to another embodiment of the present invention, multiple antennas may perform minimum beam power allocation. That is, when the multi-antenna transmits data to a plurality of communication nodes through one transmission beam based on a system (or algorithm) as shown in Table 4 below, a plurality of communication nodes according to power allocated to each transmission beam It is possible to maximize the SINR at the nodes. In this case, the multi-antenna may allocate the power of the transmission beam that satisfies the required SINR value as in Equation 7 below.

Meanwhile, when the multi-antenna reduces the power of one transmission beam in a communication network according to another embodiment of the present invention, interference of a communication node providing a service through another transmission beam may be reduced. Accordingly, the multiple antennas may have SINR gains of different transmission beams, and may have the SINR gains of the entire transmission beams transmitted from the multiple antennas. In this regard, the multi-antenna may redefine the problem for the SINR gain performed in the multi-antenna based on the system (or algorithm) shown in Table 5 below.

Meanwhile, in a communication network according to another embodiment of the present invention, multiple antennas may perform joint beam power allocation and user scheduling. Specifically, the multi-antenna may select a communication node that achieves utility maximization of all communication nodes that receive data through the transmission beam of the multi-antenna, and the power of the transmission beam through which data is transmitted to the selected communication node A transmission beam through which data is transmitted and scheduling can be optimized by using a method of optimizing . In this regard, the multi-antenna may define a plurality of system models as shown in Table 6 below.

In a communication network according to another embodiment of the present invention, the multi-antenna may apply a stochastic gradient algorithm to a process of allocating beam power and users based on a plurality of models as shown in Table 6. Through this, the multi-antenna can redefine and solve the problem of a method of selecting a user assigned to each transmission beam as shown in Table 7 below.

Meanwhile, in a communication network according to another embodiment of the present invention, multiple antennas may perform joint relay allocation and user scheduling. Specifically, the multi-antenna may cause degradation of service performance due to the movement of a number of users using a radio channel and a communication node that is a user's terminal. To this end, the multi-antenna may provide a service by simultaneously transmitting data through two or more beams, and provides a service by transmitting data to a plurality of communication nodes (ie, a plurality of users) through one beam can do. In addition, the multi-antenna may improve the data transmission rate by selecting a relay capable of relaying to another communication node from among a plurality of communication nodes receiving data from the multi-antenna through a transmission beam.

That is, a plurality of communication nodes that receive data transmitted through a transmit beam from multiple antennas may receive data transmitted through the transmit beam, and may report a measurement result for a transmit beam through which data is transmitted to the multiple antennas. have. Thereafter, the multi-antenna may transmit data directly to at least one communication node or to at least one communication node through a communication node capable of relaying. In this case, the relay-capable communication node may receive data from multiple antennas, and relay and transmit the received data to a communication node that is a data destination. In this regard, a method of providing a service based on beamforming in a multi-antenna may be specifically described below with reference to FIGS. 26 and 27 .

26 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a beamforming-based service providing method in a communication network according to another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 27 is a view illustrating a beamforming-based service topology in a communication network according to another embodiment of the present invention. It is a conceptual diagram.

Specifically, FIG. 26(a) may show a case in which a service is provided by performing beamforming in a point-to-multipoint (p2mp) method in multiple antennas. Also, FIG. 26(b) may show a case in which a service is provided by performing beamforming in a relaying method in multiple antennas. Also, FIG. 26(c) may show a case in which a service is provided by performing beamforming based on the p2mp method and the relaying method in multiple antennas. In addition, referring to FIG. 27 , a plurality of beamforming service topologies indicating the beamforming service providing method described with reference to FIG. 26 may be identified.

In this regard, the multi-antenna may define a plurality of system models as shown in Table 8 below, through which a communication node through which data is transmitted through a relay and data directly based on a beam channel state reported by the communication node It is possible to select and schedule the communication node to be transmitted.

In a communication network according to another embodiment of the present invention, the multi-antenna may apply a stochastic gradient-based algorithm to a process of allocating beam power and users based on a plurality of models as shown in Table 8. Through this, the multi-antenna can redefine and solve the problem of a method of selecting a communication node performing relaying and a user allocated to each transmission beam as shown in Table 9 below.

는

일 수 있다.Meanwhile, the multi-antenna selects a communication node that performs relaying in every time slot t(=lT, where l=0,1,2,…) and a user assigned to each transmission beam based on Tables 8 and 9. can Specifically, the multi-antenna may select a communication node performing relaying and a user assigned to each transmission beam based on a system (or algorithm) including a plurality of steps as shown in Table 10 below. For reference, in Table 10

Is

can be

The methods according to the present invention may be implemented in the form of program instructions that can be executed by various computer means and recorded in a computer-readable medium. The computer-readable medium may include program instructions, data files, data structures, and the like, alone or in combination. The program instructions recorded on the computer readable medium may be specially designed and configured for the present invention, or may be known and available to those skilled in the art of computer software.

Examples of computer-readable media include hardware devices specially configured to store and carry out program instructions, such as ROM, RAM, flash memory, and the like. Examples of program instructions include not only machine language codes such as those generated by a compiler, but also high-level language codes that can be executed by a computer using an interpreter or the like. The hardware device described above may be configured to operate as at least one software module to perform the operations of the present invention, and vice versa.

Although it has been described with reference to the above embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications and changes can be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as set forth in the claims below. will be able

Claims (20)

delete delete delete delete delete delete An operation method performed in multiple antennas performing beamforming in a communication network, comprising:
selecting a beamformer that generates a transmission beam for transmitting data to a plurality of communication nodes included in the communication network from among a plurality of beamformers included in the multi-antenna;
selecting at least one antenna panel corresponding to each of the plurality of communication nodes from among a plurality of antenna panels included in the selected beamformer;
setting a parameter for allocating an independent transmission beam to each of the plurality of communication nodes based on the selected at least one antenna panel; and
and transmitting data to the plurality of communication nodes using a transmission beam through the plurality of antenna panels based on the set parameter. 8. The method of claim 7,
The parameter is
An order of transmitting data through a transmit beam to each of the plurality of communication nodes, characterized in that one of a beam index and a beamwidth of a transmit beam through which data is transmitted to each of the plurality of communication nodes how to do it. 9. The method of claim 8,
Transmitting data to the plurality of communication nodes comprises:
When the parameter is an order of transmitting data through a transmit beam to each of a plurality of communication nodes, data is sequentially transmitted to the plurality of communication nodes through a transmit beam according to an order of transmitting the data how to do it. 9. The method of claim 8,
The beam index and the beam width are,
The operating method according to claim 1, wherein different settings are made according to one of a service type supported by the plurality of communication nodes and a type of the plurality of communication nodes. 11. The method of claim 10,
Transmitting data to the plurality of communication nodes comprises:
When the parameter is the beam index, each of the plurality of communication nodes through a transmission beam having a beam index set differently according to a service type supported by the plurality of communication nodes and one of the types of the plurality of communication nodes A method of operation characterized in that the data is transmitted. 11. The method of claim 10,
Transmitting data to the plurality of communication nodes comprises:
When the parameter is the beamwidth, data is transmitted to each of the plurality of communication nodes through a transmission beam having a beamwidth set differently according to a service type supported by the plurality of communication nodes and one of the types of the plurality of communication nodes. An operating method, characterized in that for transmitting. 8. The method of claim 7,
Transmitting data to the plurality of communication nodes comprises:
and transmitting data to the plurality of communication nodes through a transmission beam generated by a plurality of antenna elements included in the at least one antenna panel. A multi-antenna for performing beamforming in a communication network, comprising:
processor; and
At least one instruction executed through the processor comprises a memory (memory) stored,
The at least one command is
selecting a beamformer that generates a transmission beam for transmitting data to a plurality of communication nodes included in the communication network from among a plurality of beamformers included in the multi-antenna;
selecting at least one antenna panel corresponding to each of the plurality of communication nodes from among a plurality of antenna panels included in the selected beamformer;
setting a parameter for allocating an independent transmission beam to each of the plurality of communication nodes based on the selected at least one antenna panel; and
and transmit data to the plurality of communication nodes by using a transmission beam through the plurality of antenna panels based on the set parameter. 15. The method of claim 14,
The parameter is
An order of transmitting data through a transmit beam to each of the plurality of communication nodes, characterized in that one of a beam index and a beamwidth of a transmit beam through which data is transmitted to each of the plurality of communication nodes multiple antennas. 15. The method of claim 14,
The at least one command is
In the process of transmitting data to the plurality of communication nodes, when the parameter is an order of transmitting data to each of a plurality of communication nodes through a transmission beam, the plurality of communication nodes sequentially according to an order of transmitting the data and transmit data via a transmit beam to the multiple antennas. 16. The method of claim 15,
The beam index and the beam width are,
The multi-antenna, characterized in that it is configured differently according to one of a service type supported by the plurality of communication nodes and a type of the plurality of communication nodes. 18. The method of claim 17,
The at least one command is
When the parameter is the beam index in the process of transmitting data to the plurality of communication nodes, a beam index set differently according to one of a service type supported by the plurality of communication nodes and a type of the plurality of communication nodes Multiple antennas, characterized in that for transmitting data to each of the plurality of communication nodes through a transmission beam having a. 18. The method of claim 17,
The at least one command is
When the parameter is the beamwidth in the process of transmitting data to the plurality of communication nodes, transmission having a beamwidth set differently according to one of a service type supported by the plurality of communication nodes and a type of the plurality of communication nodes Multiple antennas, characterized in that for transmitting data to each of the plurality of communication nodes through a beam. 15. The method of claim 14,
The at least one command is
In the process of transmitting data to the plurality of communication nodes, data is transmitted to the plurality of communication nodes through a transmission beam generated by a plurality of antenna elements included in the at least one antenna panel. antenna.

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