KR102447627B1 - stocker incinerator with improved durability - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a stocker incinerator with improved durability, and more specifically, to a stocker incinerator which can improve the durability by suppressing the wear of a grate. The stocker incinerator with improved durability of the present invention includes a combustion chamber, an inlet hopper installed at the entrance of the combustion chamber to introduce waste, a grate module installed in the combustion chamber and configured in a stepped structure, and an ash outlet and an incineration ash outlet formed at the lower part of the combustion chamber.

Description

stocker incinerator with improved durability}

The present invention relates to a stocker-type incinerator with improved durability, and more particularly, to a stocker-type incinerator capable of increasing durability by suppressing abrasion of a grate.

There are landfill, incineration, and recycling as treatment methods for household or industrial waste. Among them, recycling as a resource is the most preferable method, but not all wastes can be recycled as resources, and in the case of waste generated at the workplace, recycling is not possible. Since it is almost impossible or difficult to sanitize, a sanitary and safe treatment method by incineration is the most suitable.

The incineration method is classified into various types depending on the type and amount of waste to be treated. It has the advantage of being able to incinerate a wide range of solid wastes. In addition, the stocker-type incinerator can handle a large amount of waste compared to other methods, so it is widely used in large-scale incinerators.

The stocker-type incinerator can be divided into different types according to the shape of the grate, but can be typically divided into a pusher type and a moving grate type.

A conventional stocker-type incinerator is a device for transporting combusted waste, and a grate module is provided in the incineration chamber. The grate module is usually designed by being divided into a drying stage (DS), a combustion stage (CS), and a post-incineration stage (PCS) according to a sequential detailed incineration process, and the grate is operated independently by each incineration stage as a unit. In this case, the boundary of each incineration stage, that is, the boundary between the dry end DS and the combustion stage CS, or the boundary between the combustion stage CS and the post-incineration stage PCS, forms a so-called falling end FS.

The drying stage (DS), the combustion stage (CS), and the post combustion stage (PCS) are constituted by alternating fixed grates and moving grates, and the moving grates reciprocate back and forth between the fixed grates to move waste.

In the conventional grate module described above, friction occurs due to relative motion between the grates while the moving grate performs a linear reciprocating motion on the upper surface of the fixed grate, and the friction between the surfaces causes irregular wear. do.

As a technique for solving this problem, Korean Patent Laid-Open No. 10-1998-0039248 discloses a grate wear prevention system of a stocker-type incinerator.

The grate wear prevention system is configured so that only the worn liner plate can be replaced by fixing the liner plate to the end of the moving grate.

However, since the liner plate is installed only at the lower portion of the end side of the mobile grate, there is a problem in that it is impossible to prevent abrasion due to contact with waste from the front side of the end side of the moving grate.

On the other hand, in the case of a pusher type grate, a fixed grate and a moving grate are alternately arranged, and the moving grate reciprocates between the fixed grates to move the waste. Therefore, the pusher-type grate is divided into a drying stage for drying and gasifying waste, a combustion stage for burning the gasified waste in the drying stage, and a post-burning stage for burning the remaining carbon after combustion. The temperature increases in the order of combustion stage. And the dry end, the combustion end, and the post-combustion end, where the combustion air is mainly introduced, are burned in the fixed grate part located at the ends, and the temperature rises rapidly, so that the inorganic materials in the solid material are melted to form clinker. do.

In particular, there is a problem in that the clinker can be easily attached to the refractory bricks for the fall block installed at the boundary between the dry end and the combustion end or at the boundary between the combustion end and the post combustion end.

1. Korean Patent Laid-Open Patent No. 10-1998-0039248: System for preventing grating wear of stocker-type incinerator 2. Republic of Korea Registered Utility Model No. 20-0443850: Stocker Incinerator

The present invention was created to solve the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a stocker-type incinerator capable of increasing the durability of the incinerator by suppressing abrasion of the grate.

Stocker-type incinerator with improved durability of the present invention for achieving the above object and a combustion chamber; an input hopper installed at the inlet of the combustion chamber into which waste is input; a grate module installed in the combustion chamber and formed in a stepped structure; and an ash outlet and an incineration ash outlet formed in the lower part of the combustion chamber, wherein the grate module includes a drying stage where the waste is dried and gasified; a post combustion stage for burning organic matter, and a falling end installed at a boundary between the drying stage and the combustion stage, wherein a fixed grate and a mobile grate are alternately arranged in each of the drying stage, the combustion stage, and the post combustion stage; The moving grate includes a main body coupled to a support rod reciprocating back and forth, and a liner part detachably coupled to the main body and contacting the fixed grate, wherein the liner part includes a front plate surrounding the front surface of the main body, and the front plate It is formed to be bent from the lower portion of the bottom plate is coupled to the lower portion of the body, and is formed to protrude from the bottom plate is provided with an insertion protrusion inserted into the engaging groove formed in the lower portion of the main body.

A plurality of line grooves are formed side by side at regular intervals on the bottom surface of the bottom plate, and a coating layer is formed on the bottom surface of the bottom plate in which the line grooves are formed.

In the drop end, a plurality of fall cut grates are arranged side by side in the horizontal direction to form a row, and the fall cut grate is a top plate installed below a fixed grate included in the drying end, and is formed on the rear surface of the upper plate to support rods. It includes a supporting part supported, a wall part formed to extend a certain length from the lower part of the upper plate part and installed above a moving grate included in the combustion stage, and a protrusion part formed to protrude to the front from the upper plate part, wherein the wall part has an upper part It is formed to be inclined so that the front side retreats in the rear direction as it progresses downward.

A swing means for swinging the wall portion in the front-rear direction is further provided.

It further includes; an auxiliary combustion chamber for secondary combustion of the combustion gas discharged from the combustion chamber.

As described above, according to the present invention, the wear of the front surface of the moving grate can be suppressed by installing the liner part on the moving grate, and at the same time, the durability of the incinerator can be increased by suppressing wear occurring on the contact surface between the moving grate and the fixed grate.

In addition, according to the present invention, the drop-cutting grate has a structure that minimizes contact with waste, so it is possible to reduce abrasion of the fall-cutting grate and effectively suppress the clinker's adhesion.

1 is a block diagram schematically showing a stocker-type incinerator according to an example of the present invention;
Figure 2 is a side view showing an extract of the grate module applied to Figure 1,
Figure 3 is a perspective view of the main part of Figure 2,
Figure 4 is a side view of Figure 3,
5 is an exploded perspective view showing the moving grate applied in FIG. 2 upside down;
Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view showing the main part of Figure 2,
7 is a cross-sectional view of a main part of a grate module applied to a stocker-type incinerator according to another example of the present invention;
8 is a perspective view showing the main part of a grate module applied to a stocker-type incinerator according to another example of the present invention;
9 is a side view of FIG. 8 ;

Hereinafter, a stocker-type incinerator with improved durability according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail.

1 to 6 , the stocker-type incinerator with improved durability of the present invention includes a combustion chamber 1, an input hopper 3 installed at the entrance of the combustion chamber 1 to receive waste, and a combustion chamber 1 The grate module installed and formed in a stepped structure, the auxiliary combustion chamber 9 for secondary combustion of the combustion gas discharged from the combustion chamber 1, the ash outlet 4 and the incineration ash outlet 6 formed in the lower part of the combustion chamber 1 includes

The combustion chamber 1 is a space in which waste is burned.

The upper portion of the combustion chamber 1 is provided with an inlet into which the waste is input. An input hopper (3) for inputting waste is installed at the entrance. A pusher (2) is installed at the lower portion of the input hopper (3). The pusher 2 forms a stage so that the wastes supplied from the input hopper 3 are loaded first, and pushes the loaded wastes to the grate module.

The lower portion of the combustion chamber (1) is provided with an ash outlet (4) and an incineration ash outlet (6), respectively. The ash falling down when the waste is burned is discharged through the ash outlet (4), and the remaining incinerated ash after burning the waste is discharged through the incineration ash outlet (6). A conveyor 5 for ash recovery is installed at the lower portion of the ash outlet 4 .

The auxiliary combustion chamber 9 burns the combustion gas discharged from the combustion chamber 1 secondarily.

The auxiliary combustion chamber (9) is connected to the first combustion gas outlet (7) formed in the upper portion of the combustion chamber (1). A second combustion gas outlet 8 for discharging the combustion gas introduced from the combustion chamber 1 after secondary combustion is formed in the auxiliary combustion chamber 9 .

A dust collecting part 11 is formed in the lower part of the auxiliary combustion chamber 9 . The dust collector 11 separates the exhaust gas that has undergone the secondary combustion process and the dust that is scattered and introduced from the combustion chamber 1 or generated in the secondary combustion process. Then, the dust separated from the dust collecting unit 11 is discharged through the dust outlet 12 formed in the lower part of the dust collecting unit 11 .

The grate module consists of a drying stage (DS) where the waste is dried and gasified, a combustion stage (CS) that burns the gasified waste in the drying stage, and a post-combustion stage (PCS) that burns the remaining organic matter after combustion in the combustion stage. , and a falling end 30 installed at the boundary between the drying end DS and the combustion end CS.

In each of the drying stage DS, the combustion stage CS, and the post combustion stage PCS, a fixed grate and a mobile grate are alternately arranged in steps.

A plurality of fixed grates 20 of the drying end DS are arranged side by side in the transverse direction to form a row. This row is the fixed grate row of the drying end (DS). The fixed grate 20 is coupled to the support rod 20a installed in the fixed frame.

In addition, a plurality of moving grates 23 of the drying end DS are also arranged side by side in the transverse direction to form a row. This row is the moving grate row of the drying end (DS). The moving grate 23 is coupled to the support rod 23a that reciprocates back and forth. The support rod 23a is installed in a moving frame that reciprocates back and forth by a conventional reciprocating device 15 .

A plurality of fixed grates 27 of the combustion stage CS are arranged side by side in the transverse direction to form a row. This row is the fixed grate row of the combustion stage CS. The fixed grate 27 is coupled to the support rod 27a installed in the fixed frame.

And a plurality of moving grate 25 of the combustion stage (CS) is also arranged side by side in the transverse direction to form a row. This row is the moving grate row of the combustion stage CS. The moving grate 25 is coupled to a support rod 25a that reciprocates back and forth. The support rod (25a) is installed in a moving frame that reciprocates back and forth by a conventional reciprocating device (16).

A plurality of fixed grates 28 of the post combustion stage (PCS) are arranged side by side in the transverse direction to form a row. This row is the fixed grate row of the post combustion stage (PCS). The fixed grate 28 is coupled to a support rod installed in the fixed frame.

And a plurality of moving grate 29 of the post combustion stage (PCS) is also arranged side by side in the transverse direction to form a row. This row is the moving grate row of the post combustion stage (PCS). The moving grate 29 is coupled to a support rod that reciprocates back and forth. The support rod is installed in a moving frame that reciprocates back and forth by a conventional reciprocating device 17 .

The moving grate applied to the drying end DS, the combustion end CS, and the post combustion end PCS includes a liner part to suppress wear.

Since the mobile grate 23 of the dry end DS, the mobile grate 25 of the combustion end CS, and the mobile grate 29 of the post combustion end PCS have the same structure, the mobile grate of the dry end DS (23) is taken as an example and the liner part is demonstrated.

The mobile grate 23 includes a main body 51 coupled to the support rod 23a, and a liner unit 60 coupled to and detachably attached to the main body 51 to contact the fixed grate.

The main body 51 includes an upper plate part 52, a skirt part 53 formed on both left and right sides of the upper plate part 52, a front part 54 formed on the front surface of the upper plate part 52, and a rear side of the upper plate part 52. It is formed and provided with a support portion 56 connected to the support rod (23a).

The body 51 described above has a structure of a conventional grate. The body 51 is preferably made of high-chromium (Hi-Cr) steel having excellent heat-resistance and wear resistance, but may also be manufactured using various alloys or special steels.

The liner part 60 is detachably coupled to the front part 54 of the body 51 .

The illustrated liner part 60 includes a front plate 61 surrounding the front surface of the front part 54 , and a bottom plate 63 formed to be bent under the front plate 61 and coupled to the lower part of the front part 54 . ) and an insertion protrusion 67 formed to protrude from the bottom plate 63 and inserted into the coupling groove 57 formed in the lower portion of the front part 54 .

The front plate 61 is formed in a plate shape. An inlet groove 54a in which the front plate 61 is mounted is provided in the front part 54 so that the front plate 61 can be mounted on the front part 54 . In a state in which the front plate 61 is mounted in the inlet groove 54a of the front part 54 , the front plate 61 does not protrude in the front direction of the front part 54 .

The front plate 61 serves to block contact with the front surface of the moving grate 23 in the process of moving the waste inputted into the incinerator from above. Accordingly, it is possible to reduce the wear of the front surface of the moving grate 23 .

The bottom plate 63 is formed to be bent at a right angle from the lower portion of the front plate 61 . The bottom plate 63 is formed in a plate shape. The bottom plate 63 is formed to be thicker than the front plate 61 . The bottom plate 63 is coupled to the lower portion of the front portion 54 .

The insertion protrusion 67 is formed on the bottom plate 63 . The insertion protrusion 67 is formed long in the front and back. A coupling groove 57 is formed in a shape corresponding to the insertion protrusion 67 at the lower portion of the front portion 54 so that the insertion protrusion 67 can be coupled to the lower portion of the front portion 54 . The insertion protrusion 67 serves to improve the assembling property of the liner unit 60 and to prevent deformation of the liner unit 60 to improve strength.

A plurality of screw insertion grooves 64 are formed in the bottom plate 63 to couple the liner part 60 to the front part 54 to be detachably attached. And a screw fastening groove 58 is formed at a position corresponding to the screw insertion groove 64 . The screw fastening groove 58 is formed in the lower part of the front part 54 . When the fixing screw 54 is inserted into the screw insertion groove 64 and fastened to the screw fastening groove 58 , the liner part 60 is coupled to the front part 54 . In a state in which the set screw 54 is fastened, the head of the set screw 54 is inserted into the screw insertion groove 64 up to the head of the set screw 65 so that it does not protrude to the lower part of the bottom plate 63 .

The above-described liner unit 60 may be formed of a metal or ceramic material. It is preferable that the material of the liner part 60 has slightly lower strength than the material of the fixed grating 20 . Friction occurs while the moving grate 23 linearly reciprocates on the upper surface of the fixed grate 20, and the friction causes the bottom plate 63 of the liner part 60 to be worn. When the bottom plate 63 is worn, the liner unit 60 is detachably removed and replaced with a new liner unit.

The fixed grate 20 of the dry end DS, the fixed grate 27 of the combustion end CS, and the fixed grate 28 of the post combustion end PCS all have the same structure and have a typical structure.

As described above, according to the present invention, the wear of the front surface of the moving grate 23 can be suppressed by installing the liner unit 60 on the moving grate 23, and at the same time, it occurs at the contact surface between the moving grate 23 and the fixed grate 20. It is possible to increase the durability of the mobile grate 23 and the fixed grate 20 by suppressing wear and tear.

Meanwhile, as shown in FIG. 7 , a plurality of line grooves 66a may be formed in parallel at regular intervals on the bottom surface of the bottom plate 63 of the liner unit 60 . The line grooves 66a are formed long in the left and right directions. The illustrated line groove 66a is formed of a groove having a rectangular cross section. The line groove 66a may be formed to a predetermined depth in the bottom plate 63 by mechanical processing or chemical processing. The line groove 66a increases the bonding force of the coating layer 66b.

A coating layer 66b is formed on the bottom surface of the bottom plate 63 in which the line grooves 66a are formed. When the moving grate 23 reciprocates back and forth, the coating layer 66b in contact with the fixed grate 20 is worn before the fixed grate 20 and serves to protect the fixed grate 20 .

The coating layer 66b may be formed of chromium. The coating layer 66b may have a thickness of 0.01 to 0.1 mm. The coating layer 66b can prevent the adhesion of foreign substances or clinker by increasing the smoothness of the surface of the bottom plate 63 .

In order to increase wear resistance, the coating layer 66b may be formed by hard chromium plating. The method of forming the coating layer 66b may be performed by electroplating or vapor deposition. Various types of physical or chemical vapor deposition are possible by vapor deposition.

Referring back to FIGS. 1 to 6 , the drop-cutting stage 30 is formed by arranging a plurality of fall-cutting grates 31 side by side in the transverse direction.

The drop-blocking grate 31 has a curved L-shape. The drop-blocking grate 31 is made of a heat-resistant steel material.

The illustrated drop-blocking grate 31 includes an upper plate part 32, a support part 33 formed on the rear surface of the upper plate part 32 and supported on a support rod 7, and a wall part formed to extend a certain length from the lower part of the upper plate part 32. (37) and a protrusion (35) formed to protrude from the upper plate (32) to the front.

The upper plate part 32 is made of a rectangular plate shape. The upper plate part 32 is located below the fixed grate 20 of the drying end DS. The upper plate part 32 may be positioned to be spaced apart from the fixed grate 20 or positioned to be in contact with the lower portion of the fixed grate 20 .

The support part 33 is formed on the rear surface of the upper plate part 32 . The support part 33 is provided with an insertion groove 34 into which the support rod 7 can be inserted.

The wall part 37 is formed in the lower part of the front side of the upper plate part 32 . The wall portion 37 is formed to extend downward a predetermined length. The lower end of the wall portion 37 is in contact with the upper portion of the moving grate 25 of the combustion stage CS. The wall portion 37 is a falling end positioned between the fixed grate 20 of the drying end DS and the moving grate 25 of the combustion end CS, and the waste is disposed between the dry end DS and the combustion end CS. It acts as a barrier to entry.

The protrusion 35 is formed to protrude from the upper plate 32 to the front. The end of the protrusion 35 is formed to be at the same position as the end of the fixed grate 20 . In contrast, the end of the protrusion 35 may retreat rearward than the end of the fixed grate 20 or may protrude forward than the end of the fixed grate 20 .

The protrusion 35 serves to reduce the contact with the wall portion 37 of the moving waste pushed down from above. Accordingly, it is possible to reduce the abrasion of the surface of the wall portion 37 by the contact of waste on the front surface of the wall portion (37).

On the other hand, the front surface of the wall portion 37 may be formed to be inclined to further reduce the contact of waste with the surface of the wall portion 37 . Specifically, the rear surface 38 of the wall portion 37 is formed vertically, but the front surface 39 of the wall portion 37 is inclined to retreat in the rear direction as it progresses from the top to the bottom. The angle between the front surface 39 and the rear surface 38 of the wall part 37 may be about 2 to 10°.

In this way, the front surface 39 of the wall part 37 is inclined to retreat in the rear direction, and the front surface of the wall part 37 of the waste that is pushed down from the fixed grate 20 of the drying stage to the moving grate 25 of the combustion stage. contact can be minimized.

The above-described structure of the drop-blocking grate 31 has a structure that minimizes contact with waste, so that wear of the fall-breaking grate 31 can be reduced and durability can be increased.

On the other hand, in order to effectively prevent clinker from being attached to the front surface of the wall portion 37 of the drop-blocking grate 31 according to another example of the present invention, a swing means for swinging the wall portion 37 back and forth within a limited range is further provided. can do.

8 and 9, the swing means includes a contact jaw 41 protruding from the upper surface of the moving grate 25, and a contact jaw formed at the lower end of the wall 37 to move the moving grate 25. 41) is provided with a locking protrusion (43).

The contact jaws 41 are formed to protrude from the upper surface of the moving grate 25 . The contact jaw 41 may be formed in a trapezoidal shape with a wide lower portion and a narrow upper portion.

One contact jaw 41 is formed on each of the moving gratings 25 forming a row. Preferably, the contact jaws 41 formed on each of the moving gratings 25 are formed at different positions. Accordingly, the contact jaws 41 are alternately positioned.

The locking protrusion 43 is formed at the lower end of the wall portion 37 . The locking protrusion 43 is formed to be convex in a curved surface so that the locking protrusion 43 can easily pass over the contact jaw 41 .

The upper plate part 32 is slightly spaced apart from the fixed grate 20 . Therefore, a gap is provided between the fixed grate 20 and the upper plate part 32 . Due to this gap, the upper plate part 32 has a free space that can be rotated upward.

When the moving grate 25 moves, when the contact jaw 41 comes into contact with the locking protrusion 43, the wall part 37 is lifted and the fall-blocking grate 31 moves upward with the support bar 7 as the center. will rotate And when the contact jaw 41 passes the locking protrusion 43 , the wall part 37 descends again, and the fall-blocking grate 31 rotates downward with the support rod 7 as the center.

In this way, the grate 31 for the fall cut-off can be reciprocally rotated up and down within a limited range around the support rod 7 when the moving grate 25 is moved. By this reciprocating rotational movement, the wall portion 37 of the drop-blocking grate 31 can swing back and forth like a swing. Accordingly, it is possible to effectively suppress the clinker from adhering to the front surface 39 of the wall portion 37 of the drop-blocking grate 31 .

Although the fall-blocking grate made of a heat-resistant steel material has a somewhat reduced clinker adhesion compared to the castable fire-resistance material, the clinker is still attached to the surface, so the above-described swing means is useful for preventing clinker adhesion. In addition, by displacing the contact jaws 41 formed on each of the moving grates 25 constituting a row to alternate with each other, the fall-blocking grates 31 sequentially swing at different times. Accordingly, it is possible to prevent in advance that clinker is widely formed on the entire surface of the drop-blocking grate row.

In the above, the present invention has been described with reference to the embodiments, which are merely exemplary, and those skilled in the art will understand that various modifications and equivalent embodiments are possible therefrom. Accordingly, the true protection scope of the present invention should be defined only by the appended claims.

1: Combustion chamber 3: Input hopper
9: Auxiliary combustion chamber DS: Dry end
CS: combustion stage PCS: post combustion stage
20: fixed grate 23: mobile grate
30: fall cut 31: drop cut grate
51: body 60: liner part
61: front plate 63: bottom plate

Claims (5)

combustion chamber;
an input hopper installed at the inlet of the combustion chamber into which waste is input;
a grate module installed in the combustion chamber and formed in a stepped structure;
Including; ash outlet and incineration ash outlet formed in the lower portion of the combustion chamber;
The grate module includes a drying stage where waste is dried and gasified, a combustion stage for burning waste gasified in the drying stage, a post-combustion stage for burning organic matter remaining after combustion in the combustion stage, and a boundary between the drying stage and the combustion stage Equipped with a drop-off barrier to be installed on the
A fixed grate and a mobile grate are alternately arranged in each of the drying stage, the combustion stage, and the post combustion stage,
The mobile grate includes a main body coupled to a support rod reciprocating back and forth, and a liner unit detachably coupled to the main body and contacting the fixed grate,
The liner portion includes a front plate surrounding the front surface of the body, a bottom plate bent from a lower portion of the front plate and coupled to a lower portion of the body, and a coupling groove formed to protrude from the bottom plate and formed in the lower portion of the body It has an insertion protrusion that is inserted into the
The bottom plate is a stocker-type incinerator with improved durability, characterized in that a plurality of line grooves are formed side by side at regular intervals on the bottom surface, and a coating layer is formed on the bottom surface of the bottom plate in which the line grooves are formed. delete The method of claim 1, wherein the drop cutoff is a plurality of drop cut grates arranged side by side in a horizontal direction to form a row,
The drop-off grate includes a top plate installed below the fixed grate included in the drying end, a support part formed on the rear surface of the top plate and supported by a support rod, and a predetermined length extending from the lower part of the top plate to the combustion end. A wall portion installed above the included mobile grate, and a protrusion formed by protruding from the upper plate portion to the front,
The stocker-type incinerator with improved durability with a wear control function, characterized in that the wall portion is inclined so as to retreat in the rear direction as it progresses from the upper part to the lower part. [4] The stocker-type incinerator of claim 3, further comprising swing means for swinging the wall part in the front-rear direction. The stocker-type incinerator of claim 1, further comprising an auxiliary combustion chamber for secondary combustion of the combustion gas discharged from the combustion chamber.

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