KR102429242B1 - Apparatus and method for monitoring dams in three dimensions based on GNSS - Google Patents

Abstract

A monitoring device of the present invention may include: an acquisition unit for obtaining coordinate values from a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receiver installed in a dam; a calculation unit for calculating a displacement change amount by calculating a difference value between the coordinate value obtained in real time from the acquisition unit and an initial value; and a monitoring unit that monitors a behavior of the dam using an amount of change in displacement. The present invention is to provide the monitoring device and method for managing a dam using GNSS data acquired for each monitoring point.

Description

Apparatus and method for monitoring dams in three dimensions based on GNSS}

The present invention relates to an apparatus and method for monitoring a dam in three dimensions based on a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS).

Hydraulic facilities such as dams and beams contain many uncertainties in the design and construction stages. Therefore, there is a need for an efficient maintenance plan through the establishment of a systematic measurement plan for the repair facility.

The dam and beam are installed in the foundation ground and the dam body (levee body), and the behavior of the dam body can be grasped and the structural stability of the dam can be managed through the analysis of the results of the instrument.

In order to monitor the performance of the dam structure, the systems for the dam design, seismic measurement, and external strain measurement are operated separately, and each measurement result can be transmitted to the server.

However, it is expected that the quality of measurement data will be deteriorated due to the variety of communication network configuration for every designer and lack of systematization, and the diversity of the data collection program and data transmission system by site and by facility.

In particular, damage caused by equipment or lightning strikes occur during dam construction in the burial machine installed in the foundation ground and inside the dam body. In addition, problems such as data hunting and missing may occur due to the long-distance of the signal cable that transmits the instrument signal. As a result, there are questions about the reliability of the measurement results, and in particular, every design has a problem that it cannot be reinstalled in the same location if the measurement device is lost.

Korea Patent Publication No. 1762364 discloses a technology for monitoring changes in stiffness of a dem body in real time using a receiver and an artificial oscillator, which are equipment for seismic energy exploration.

Korean Patent Publication No. 1762364

An object of the present invention is to provide a monitoring apparatus and method for managing a dam using GNSS data acquired for each monitoring point.

The monitoring device of the present invention includes: an acquisition unit for acquiring coordinate values from a GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) receiver installed in a dam; a calculation unit configured to calculate a displacement variation by calculating a difference between the coordinate value and the initial value obtained in real time from the acquisition unit; It may include; a monitoring unit for monitoring the behavior of the dam by using the displacement change amount.

The monitoring method of the present invention includes an acquisition step of acquiring coordinate values from a GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) receiver installed in a dam; a calculation step of calculating a displacement change amount by calculating a difference value between the coordinate values obtained in real time and an initial value; a visualization step of generating a three-dimensional mesh grid based on the coordinate values or the initial values; a monitoring step of monitoring the behavior of the dam using the displacement variation and reflecting it on the mesh grid; and an alarm step of outputting an alarm signal when the behavior of the dam satisfies a threshold value.

The monitoring device of the present invention can monitor not only static displacement but also the behavior of the dam in real time within an accuracy range that can be satisfied by a manager.

According to the present invention, the monitoring target area can be visualized as it is in the three-dimensional space, and the displacement change amount can be projected as it is on the visualized shape. As a result, the amount of change in displacement of the dam can be intuitively recognized by the manager.

1 is a schematic diagram showing a monitoring device of the present invention.
Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the installation position of the GNSS receiver.
Figure 3 is a schematic diagram three-dimensionally showing the installation position of the GNSS receiver.
4 is a schematic diagram illustrating a mesh grid generated by a visual unit.
5 is a schematic diagram illustrating a side view of a mesh grid.
6 is a schematic diagram illustrating a plan view of a mesh grid.
7 is a flowchart illustrating a monitoring method of the present invention.

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail so that those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention pertains can easily implement them. However, the present invention may be embodied in various different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. And in order to clearly explain the present invention in the drawings, parts irrelevant to the description are omitted, and similar reference numerals are attached to similar parts throughout the specification.

In this specification, duplicate descriptions of the same components will be omitted.

Also, in this specification, when it is said that a certain element is 'connected' or 'connected' to another element, it may be directly connected or connected to the other element, but another element in the middle. It should be understood that there may be On the other hand, in the present specification, when it is mentioned that a certain element is 'directly connected' or 'directly connected' to another element, it should be understood that the other element does not exist in the middle.

In addition, the terms used herein are used only to describe specific embodiments, and are not intended to limit the present invention.

Also in this specification, the singular expression may include the plural expression unless the context clearly dictates otherwise.

Also, in this specification, terms such as 'include' or 'have' are only intended to designate that the features, numbers, steps, operations, components, parts, or combinations thereof described in the specification exist, and one or more It should be understood that the existence or addition of other features, numbers, steps, acts, components, parts, or combinations thereof, is not precluded in advance.

Also in this specification, the term 'and/or' includes a combination of a plurality of listed items or any of a plurality of listed items. In this specification, 'A or B' may include 'A', 'B', or 'both A and B'.

Also, in this specification, detailed descriptions of well-known functions and configurations that may obscure the gist of the present invention will be omitted.

An automatic displacement measurement management system using an automatic optical wave machine (Total Station) can be proposed to build a three-dimensional displacement measurement system for monitoring deformation outside the dam.

The external displacement measuring system of the Total Station has the advantage of relatively high accuracy (around 1mm), but it is affected by weather conditions (fog, rainfall, snowfall, etc.) and contamination of the prism target (cobwebs, bird droppings, etc.). there is a problem. In addition, there is a problem in that the accuracy is lowered according to the distance from the point.

In order to solve this problem, a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) with improved accuracy may be used.

1 is a schematic diagram showing a monitoring device 100 of the present invention.

The monitoring apparatus 100 illustrated in FIG. 1 may include an acquisition unit 110 , a calculation unit 130 , a time unit 150 , a monitoring unit 170 , and an alarm unit 190 .

The acquisition unit 110 may acquire coordinate values from a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receiver installed in the dam.

The GNSS receiver can generate GNSS data including latitude, longitude, and altitude using artificial satellites. Accordingly, the acquisition unit 110 may obtain GNSS data including latitude, longitude, and altitude from the GNSS receiver. GNSS data may be inadequate for monitoring dams. Because, monitoring of the dam may be interested in where the abnormality occurred in the dam. In this case, it may be advantageous for intuitive recognition that the abnormal point is expressed by the dam reference x-axis, y-axis, and z-axis rather than being expressed in latitude, longitude, and altitude.

In order to resolve the difference in position notation, the acquisition unit 110 converts the GNSS data into a value in a three-dimensional space having an x-axis, a y-axis, and a z-axis orthogonal to each other (indicated as a 'coordinate value' in this specification). can

The x-axis may represent a width direction of the dam in a direction in which water flows. The y-axis may represent a longitudinal direction of the dam in a direction perpendicular to a direction in which water flows. The z-axis may represent a direction of gravity.

As a result, the coordinate values and initial values acquired by the acquisition unit 110 may be set based on the x-axis, the y-axis, and the z-axis. The initial value is one of the coordinate values acquired by the acquiring unit 110 , and may correspond to a coordinate value acquired through the acquiring unit 110 in the reference state of the dam. The reference state of the dam may indicate the stable state of the dam set by the administrator in consideration of the opening and closing of the dam's sluice gate, the amount of stored water, and the like.

The calculator 130 may calculate a displacement variation by calculating a difference between the coordinate value and the initial value obtained in real time from the acquirer 110 .

For example, a receiver may be installed at a specific point of the dam. In this case, the position where the receiver is installed in the dam may be defined as a point. The coordinate value and the initial value may substantially indicate the position of the point. Accordingly, the displacement change amount may represent the displacement change amount of the point. When the receiver is fixedly installed at a specific point of the dam, the displacement change amount of the point may be the same as the displacement change amount of the specific point of the dam.

As an example, the calculator 130 may calculate the displacement variation as ΔD (displacement variation) = D _t (coordinate value) - D ₀ (initial value).

The visual unit 150 may visualize the coordinate values or initial values obtained through the obtaining unit 110 , and the displacement change amount calculated by the calculating unit 130 as a graph, a three-dimensional shape of the dam, and the like. The visual unit 150 may display the visualized result (graph, three-dimensional shape of the dam) through the display.

The monitoring unit 170 may monitor the behavior of the dam by using the displacement change amount of the point.

The behavior of the dam may calculate at least one of strain and stress of the dam based on the amount of displacement change.

The alarm unit 190 may output an alarm when the behavior of the dam satisfies a threshold value. For example, the alarm unit 190 may generate an alarm signal when the behavior of the dam satisfies a threshold value, and may audibly output the alarm signal through a speaker or an alarm. Alternatively, the alarm unit 190 may visually output an alarm signal through a display or a warning light. Alternatively, the alarm unit 190 may transmit an alarm signal to the manager's terminal through a wired/wireless communication network.

Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the installation position of the GNSS receiver. Figure 3 is a schematic diagram three-dimensionally showing the installation position of the GNSS receiver.

Although the dam 90 corresponds to a fixed object, the displacement may be microscopically changed due to the pressure of the stored water 80 and a displacement variation may be generated. If the displacement variation at this time satisfies the set value, measures such as maintenance or opening the sluice gate may be taken to prevent the risk of collapse of the dam 90 .

When a first side 91 of the dam 90 facing the water 80 trapped by the dam 90 is defined, the receiver is on the second side 92 of the dam opposite the first side 91 . It may be advantageous to install in plurality. For example, the receiver may be fastened to the outer surface of the second surface 92 , or may be embedded in the second surface 92 after being accommodated by making a groove. In this case, the receiver can be safely protected irrespective of whether an object such as wood, rock, or the like, which has been washed away from the upstream, hits the first surface 91 . In addition, it is possible to escape from the phenomenon that the GNSS signal of the artificial satellite is not received by the receiver due to various objects contained in the water stored on the first surface 91 .

4 is a schematic diagram illustrating a mesh grid generated by the visual unit 150 . 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating a side view of a mesh grid. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating a plan view of a mesh grid.

The visual unit 150 may perform visualization through various graph techniques representing coordinate values. In this case, the manager can easily recognize the amount of displacement change of each point. However, it may be difficult to intuitively recognize the amount of displacement change for which part of the dam.

In order to easily indicate which point of the dam the point is, the visual unit 150 is three-dimensional based on the initial value for each point corresponding to the coordinate value obtained in the initial stage (steady state or reference state of the dam) for each point. You can create a mesh grid of space.

In this case, the mesh grid of the three-dimensional space may represent the shape of the dam in the three-dimensional virtual space. The mesh grid may represent the shape of the outer surface of the dam in the form of connecting a plurality of planar unit figures.

The visual unit 150 may update the mesh grid using the displacement variation. In this case, the update may mean a change in the color or shape of the unit figure s constituting the mesh grid. Alternatively, the update may mean a change (position, length) of the border line of the unit figure s.

The visual unit 150 may set the vertex c of the unit figure s forming the mesh grid as a point. Alternatively, the visual unit 150 may set the center o of the unit figure s as a point. Looking at this embodiment from another perspective, it may mean that a receiver is installed at each vertex of each unit figure forming the mesh grid or that the receiver is installed at the center o of each unit figure.

In this case, a problem in which the size of the unit figure s increases may occur. As the size of the unit figure s increases, the shape of the mesh grid may move away from the realistic shape of the dam.

On the contrary, in order to reduce the size of the unit figure s in order to make the shape of the mesh grid resemble the shape of a dam, it is necessary to install the points densely accordingly. This may require an excessive increase in the number of receivers.

For example, when the vertex c of each unit figure s is set as a point, if 6 horizontal (x-axis direction) and 6 vertical (y-axis direction) 6 unit figures are arranged as shown in FIG. 6, a total of 49 receivers are required. . If the center o of each unit figure s is set as a point, a total of 36 receivers are needed in a situation where 6 horizontal and 6 vertical unit figures are arranged as shown in FIG. 6 .

In addition, in reality, it may be difficult to accurately install the receiver at the vertex c or center o of each unit figure.

In order to reduce the number of receiver installations and to alleviate the installation accuracy of the receiver, the visual unit 150 may set the distance between grids in the form of equal intervals rather than an actual value. This means that the mesh grid can be created partially independent of the actual points.

As an example, a monitoring area to be monitored in the dam may be defined. The monitoring area may include areas selected by the administrator to be monitored in the dam. The monitoring area may include all or part of the second surface 92 . The point may be located within the monitoring area.

The visual unit 150 may generate a mesh grid according to the shape of the monitoring area irrespective of the point. In this case, the shape and size of the unit figure constituting the mesh grid may also be set regardless of the point.

The mesh grid generated in this way may have a first problem of where to place it in a 3D virtual space, and a second problem of adjusting the mesh grid generated based on the blueprint into an actual shape.

In order to solve the first problem and the second problem, the visual unit 150 may correct the position and shape of the mesh grid according to the coordinate values or initial values acquired through the acquirer 110 .

For example, the visual unit 150 may set the size and shape of the planar unit figure forming the mesh grid regardless of the point. For example, the visual unit 150 may generate a mesh grid in a three-dimensional space having an x-axis, a y-axis, and a z-axis orthogonal to each other. As shown in FIG. 6 , the visual unit 150 may set all of the plurality of unit figures forming the mesh grid to be rectangles of the same size and shape on the xy plane corresponding to the planar shape of the dam. The visual unit 150 may set different lengths in the z-axis direction of the first unit figure and the second unit figure forming the mesh grid. In other words, all unit figures may be identical to each other in the xy plane, that is, in the x-axis direction and the y-axis direction. On the other hand, each unit figure may be different in the z-axis direction.

4 and 5 , it can be seen that the lengths in the z-axis direction of each unit figure are different from each other. According to this configuration, by using a plurality of unit figures having the same size and shape on a plane, the monitoring area can be formed as close as possible to the shape of the dam.

The visual unit 150 may search for a specific unit figure including a point corresponding to the point in any one of an inner surface, an edge, and a vertex from among a plurality of unit figures. The visual unit 150 may correct the position and shape of the mesh grid so that the searched specific unit figure satisfies the point.

For example, three points t1, t2, and t3 in the monitoring area shown in FIG. 6 may correspond to the points.

Since the mesh grid is formed regardless of the points, it may be difficult to realistically locate the corresponding point at the vertex c or the center o of the unit figure. The visual unit 150 may search for a specific unit figure including points t1, t2, and t3 among a plurality of unit figures included in the mesh grid that follows the outline of the dam. The visual unit 150 may change the coordinates of the entire mesh grid so that each of the found specific unit figures is located at t1, t2, and t3, or change the positions of some unit figures.

The amount of change in displacement of the dam can be generated within a few cm. Due to the size of the dam, the monitoring area may be several meters or more, and the displacement change may correspond to a very small value compared to the monitoring area. Therefore, it may be difficult for the administrator to recognize the amount of change in displacement of the dam only by changing the shape of the mesh grid. The visual unit 150 may display the displacement change amount using color so that the displacement change amount can be clearly recognized.

4, 5, and 6 , red may indicate an amount of displacement change of 10 mm or more. Orange color may indicate a displacement change of 5 mm or more and less than 10 mm. Yellow color may indicate a displacement change of 2.5 mm or more and less than 5 mm. White color may indicate a displacement change of 0 mm or more and less than 2.5 mm.

By using such colors, the administrator can quickly and intuitively recognize the amount of displacement change in the monitoring area.

7 is a flowchart illustrating a monitoring method of the present invention.

The monitoring method shown in FIG. 7 may be performed by the monitoring apparatus 100 of FIG. 1 .

The monitoring method may include an initial setting step (S530), an acquisition step (S520), a calculation step (S530), a visualization step (S540), a monitoring step (S550), and an alarm step (S560). .

In the initial setting step (S530), a coordinate value may be obtained from the GNSS receiver in the reference state of the dam, and a mesh grid that follows the shape of the dam may be generated according to an initial value corresponding to the coordinate value obtained in the reference state. The acquisition of the initial value may be performed by the acquisition unit 110 , and generation of the mesh grid may be performed by the visual unit 150 .

In the obtaining step ( S520 ), coordinate values may be obtained from a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receiver installed in the dam. The acquiring step ( S520 ) may be performed by the acquiring unit 110 .

In the calculation step ( S530 ), the displacement change amount may be calculated by calculating a difference value between the coordinate value obtained in real time and the initial value obtained in the reference state of the dam. The calculation step ( S530 ) may be performed by the calculation unit 130 .

The visualization step ( S540 ) may generate a 3D mesh grid based on coordinate values or initial values. The visualization step ( S540 ) may be performed by the visual unit 150 .

In the monitoring step ( S550 ), the behavior of the dam may be monitored using the amount of displacement change and reflected in the mesh grid. The monitoring step ( S550 ) may be performed by the monitoring unit 170 .

The alarm step (S560) may output an alarm signal when the behavior of the dam satisfies a threshold value. The alarm step ( S560 ) may be performed by the alarm unit 190 .

On the other hand, the embodiment of the present invention is not implemented only through the apparatus and/or method described so far, and a program for realizing a function corresponding to the configuration of the embodiment of the present invention or a recording medium in which the program is recorded may be implemented. And, such an implementation can be easily implemented by those skilled in the art from the description of the above-described embodiments.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and various modifications and improvements by those skilled in the art using the basic concept of the present invention as defined in the following claims are also presented. It belongs to the scope of the invention.

80...water 90...dam
91...Page 1 92...Page 2
100...monitoring device 110...acquisition department
130...Calculation part 150...Visual part
170...Monitoring unit 190...Alarm unit

Claims (12)

an acquisition unit for acquiring coordinate values from a GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) receiver installed in the dam;
a calculator configured to calculate a displacement variation by calculating a difference between the coordinate value and an initial value obtained in real time from the acquiring unit;
Including; a monitoring unit for monitoring the behavior of the dam using the displacement change amount,
When the monitoring area to be monitored in the dam is defined, and the installation location of the receiver is defined as a point,
In a three-dimensional space having an x-axis, a y-axis, and a z-axis orthogonal to each other, a visual part for generating a mesh grid according to the shape of the monitoring area is provided;
The visual unit sets a plurality of planar unit figures forming the mesh grid to a rectangle of the same size and shape regardless of the point on the xy plane corresponding to the planar view of the dam,
The visual unit sets different lengths in the z-axis direction of the first unit figure and the second unit figure forming the mesh grid,
The visual unit is a monitoring device for correcting the position and shape of the mesh grid so that a specific unit figure including a point corresponding to the point in any one of an inner surface, an edge, and a vertex satisfies the point on the xy plane.
According to claim 1,
A monitoring device provided with an alarm for outputting an alarm when the behavior of the dam satisfies a threshold.
According to claim 1,
The acquisition unit obtains GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) data including latitude, longitude, and altitude from the receiver,
The acquisition unit converts the GNSS data into a value in the three-dimensional space,
The coordinate value and the initial value are set based on the x-axis, the y-axis, and the z-axis.
According to claim 1,
When a first side of the dam facing the water trapped by the dam is defined,
A monitoring device provided with a plurality of receivers installed on a second surface of the dam opposite to the first surface.
delete According to claim 1,
The visual unit updates the mesh grid using the displacement change,
The update means a change in color or shape of a unit figure constituting the mesh grid or a change in a border line of the unit figure.
delete delete delete delete According to claim 1,
The monitoring unit is a monitoring device for calculating at least one of strain and stress based on the amount of displacement change.
A monitoring method performed by a monitoring device, comprising:
an acquisition step of acquiring coordinate values from a GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) receiver installed in the dam;
a calculation step of calculating a displacement change amount by calculating a difference value between the coordinate value obtained in real time and an initial value;
a visualization step of generating a three-dimensional mesh grid based on the coordinate values or the initial values;
a monitoring step of monitoring the behavior of the dam using the displacement variation and reflecting it on the mesh grid;
An alarm step of outputting an alarm signal when the behavior of the dam satisfies a threshold value;
The visualization step is
When the monitoring area to be monitored in the dam is defined, and the installation location of the receiver is defined as a point,
generating the mesh grid along the shape of the monitoring area in a three-dimensional space having an x-axis, a y-axis, and a z-axis orthogonal to each other;
On the xy plane corresponding to the planar view of the dam, a plurality of planar unit figures forming the mesh grid are all set to rectangles of the same size and shape regardless of the points,
set different lengths in the z-axis direction of the first unit figure and the second unit figure forming the mesh grid,
A monitoring method for correcting the position and shape of the mesh grid so that a specific unit figure including a point corresponding to the point in any one of an inner surface, an edge, and a vertex on the xy plane satisfies the point.

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