KR102428602B1 - Apparatus and method for automatically monitoring the condition of facilities by integrated management of the data collected from the solar power generation system - Google Patents

Abstract

According to one disclosure, obtaining a plurality of meteorological elements every predetermined period from a sensor unit included in the photovoltaic system, obtaining inverter state information from an inverter, linearly analyzing each of a plurality of meteorological elements with respect to inverter state information Based on the result, selecting a weather element capable of modeling inverter efficiency as a first parameter, generating a linear regression model using a linear correlation between the first parameter and inverter state information; Calculating the residual according to the inverter efficiency analysis based on the modeling result using the linear regression model, setting a judgment threshold as a reference value for judging the efficiency of the inverter, and using the judgment threshold and the residual Thus, it is possible to provide a method of deriving inverter efficiency information in photovoltaic power generation using a linear regression model, including predicting an abnormal situation of the photovoltaic power generation system.

Description

Apparatus and method for automatically monitoring the status of facilities by integrated management of data collected from photovoltaic power generation systems

According to one disclosure, an apparatus and method capable of automatically performing maintenance and repair by monitoring photovoltaic equipment data using a miniaturized embedded module are provided.

Solar power generation is a power generation method that converts light energy from the sun into electrical energy. The core of photovoltaic power generation lies in a cell module having a solar cell with a PN junction structure. When light is irradiated to the cell module and photons are absorbed from the outside, an ehpair of electrons and holes is generated inside the cell module by the energy of the photons. At this time, the generated electron-hole pair moves to the N-type semiconductor and the hole moves to the P-type semiconductor by the electric field generated at the PN junction, and is collected by electrodes on each surface. When a load is connected to an external circuit, the charge collected from each electrode is a current flowing through the load and becomes a source of energy for operating the load.

It can be said that the quality of solar power generation devices is determined by power generation efficiency, durability, and safety, and the initial focus of the solar industry's attention was on maximizing power generation efficiency, but interest in durability and safety is gradually increasing.

At the same time, the types of photovoltaic power generation are diversifying along with industrial advancement and technological development, and as a result, damage caused by cell module failure is also increasing. In particular, since most power generation facilities are installed outdoors and outside the field of view of people, it is difficult to preemptively take preventive actions because it is only possible to check whether there is a malfunction or whether cleaning is necessary with the naked eye.

For this purpose, research on a device for notifying a failure or cleaning time is being actively conducted, and an example of such a technology is a device for notifying the operating state of a photovoltaic cell module through wireless communication.

However, in general, the inefficiency of manpower increases as the manager has to check and maintain all the cell modules one by one to see which cell module among the photovoltaic cell modules is broken, and the manager's negligence in managing the cell module If the maintenance is not possible, there is a problem in that the energy efficiency is reduced because the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic device composed of a plurality of arrays is lowered.

Republic of Korea Patent Publication No. 2020-0102619 (2020.09.01) Republic of Korea Patent Registration No. 10-1911334 (2018.10.18)

The technical task of the disclosure is to collect all data generated from a plurality of photovoltaic power generation systems, convert it into a standardized protocol, and manage and store it in an integrated way, thereby identifying the status of the facility regardless of the data output form of the photovoltaic facility Thus, it is possible to provide a monitoring device and method capable of notifying maintenance or not in a timely manner.

Acquiring a plurality of state data generated from a plurality of photovoltaic power generation systems including at least two or more different types by one disclosure, converting different protocols of the plurality of state data into a predetermined standard protocol, conversion According to the property of the time at which the state data is acquired, classifying it into any one of a device manufacturer, a device type, a device power generation status, a device power generation status, and a device error status, and storing the classified status data. The step of obtaining the state data of the photovoltaic cell module includes measuring the amount of power in consideration of vertical insolation, horizontal insolation, module temperature, and outdoor temperature according to the position of each of the photovoltaic cell modules included in the photovoltaic power generation system, and the photovoltaic cell module Data collected from the photovoltaic system, characterized in that the average output power of each photovoltaic cell module is calculated with respect to the total amount of output power, and fault diagnosis information is obtained according to whether the average output power reaches a reference value It is possible to provide a method for automatically monitoring the status of equipment by managing the equipment in an integrated manner.

According to one disclosure, a sensor unit for sensing state data of a photovoltaic system, a communication unit for transmitting and receiving state data, at least one processor, and instructions for instructing the at least one processor to perform at least one step and a memory for storing the at least one processor, acquiring a plurality of state data generated from a plurality of photovoltaic power generation systems including at least two or more different types, and writing different protocols of the plurality of state data. According to the property of the time when the converted state data is converted into a set standard protocol and acquired, it is classified into any one of the device manufacturer, the device type, the device power generation status, the device power generation status, and the device error status, and the classified status data is stored, Measures the amount of power in consideration of vertical insolation, horizontal insolation, module temperature, and external temperature according to the location of each of the photovoltaic cell modules included in the photovoltaic system, and each solar cell module for the total output power It calculates the average output wattage of the photovoltaic module and acquires fault diagnosis information according to whether the average output wattage reaches a reference value. A device for automatic monitoring may be provided.

An apparatus for automatically monitoring the state of a facility by integrally managing the data collected in the photovoltaic power generation system of the present invention for solving the above-mentioned problems, a memory storing one or more instructions, and the one or more instructions stored in the memory and a processor executing the method, wherein the processor executes the one or more instructions to perform the method according to the disclosed embodiment.

A program for automatically monitoring the state of a facility by integrated management of data collected in a photovoltaic power generation system according to an aspect of the present invention for solving the above-mentioned problems is combined with a computer that is hardware, according to the disclosed embodiment It is stored in a computer-readable recording medium so that the method can be performed.

Other specific details of the invention are included in the detailed description and drawings.

The present invention has advantages in that the device can be miniaturized and provided to users at a reasonable price by using a miniaturized embedded module.

According to one disclosure, there is an advantage in that it is possible to construct an abnormal situation warning system so that the inverter efficiency information on the meteorological factors for the amount of solar power generation can be provided in real time to alert the user so that the action can be taken in a timely manner.

It is possible to efficiently monitor the current power generation state of the photovoltaic power plant and detect an error by the start.

The present invention is not limited to a specific device and converts data of various domestic and foreign types of photovoltaic facilities into a standardized form regardless of the output form to understand the state of the facility and build a system so that maintenance can be performed in a timely manner. there are advantages to

1 is a diagram showing the configuration of an apparatus for automatically monitoring the state of a facility by integrated management of data collected from a photovoltaic power generation system according to the disclosure.
2 is a flowchart illustrating a method of automatically monitoring the state of a facility by integrally managing data collected from a photovoltaic power generation system according to one disclosure.
3 is a view for explaining a data format process for effectively managing a photovoltaic power generation system according to one disclosure.
4 is a view for explaining a characteristic for generating fault diagnosis information for each solar power generation facility according to the disclosure.
5 is a graph for explaining a process of calculating an expected output power amount of photovoltaic power generation by one start.

Hereinafter, the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Terms used in this specification will be briefly described, and the present disclosure will be described in detail.

Terms used in the embodiments of the present disclosure have been selected as currently widely used general terms as possible while considering the functions in the present disclosure, but this may vary depending on the intention or precedent of a person skilled in the art, the emergence of new technology, etc. . In addition, in specific cases, there are also terms arbitrarily selected by the applicant, and in this case, the meaning will be described in detail in the description of the corresponding disclosure. Therefore, the terms used in the present disclosure should be defined based on the meaning of the term and the contents of the present disclosure, rather than the simple name of the term.

In the present specification, expressions such as “have,” “may have,” “include,” or “may include” indicate the presence of a corresponding characteristic (eg, a numerical value, function, operation, or component such as a part). and does not exclude the presence of additional features.

The expression “at least one of A and/or B” is to be understood as indicating either “A” or “B” or “A and B”.

As used herein, expressions such as "first," "second," "first," or "second," may modify various elements, regardless of order and/or importance, and may refer to one element. It is used only to distinguish it from other components, and does not limit the components.

A component (eg, a first component) is "coupled with/to (operatively or communicatively)" to another component (eg, a second component) When referring to "connected to", it should be understood that a component may be directly connected to another component or may be connected through another component (eg, a third component).

The singular expression includes the plural expression unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. In the present application, terms such as "comprises" or "consisting of" are intended to designate that the features, numbers, steps, operations, components, parts, or combinations thereof described in the specification exist, and are intended to indicate that one or more other It is to be understood that this does not preclude the possibility of addition or presence of features or numbers, steps, operations, components, parts, or combinations thereof.

In the present disclosure, a "module" or "unit" performs at least one function or operation, and may be implemented as hardware or software, or a combination of hardware and software. In addition, a plurality of “modules” or a plurality of “units” are integrated into at least one module and implemented with at least one processor (not shown) except for “modules” or “units” that need to be implemented with specific hardware. can be

1 is a diagram showing the configuration of an apparatus for automatically monitoring the state of a facility by integrated management of data collected from a photovoltaic power generation system according to the disclosure.

Hereinafter, the device 100 for automatically monitoring the state of the facility by integrated management of the data collected from the photovoltaic power generation system will be abbreviated as the photovoltaic power generation facility monitoring device 100 .

1 is a diagram showing the configuration of an apparatus for automatically monitoring the state of a facility by integrated management of data collected from a photovoltaic power generation system according to the disclosure.

The solar power generation facility monitoring apparatus 100 may include a sensor unit 130 , a processor 140 , a communication unit 150 , and a memory 160 .

According to one disclosure, the sensor unit 130 may sense state data of the photovoltaic system. The sensor unit 130 may sense all state data generated in the photovoltaic panel 200 including the cell module of the photovoltaic power generation system.

More specifically, the photovoltaic equipment monitoring device 100 includes a plurality of sensor modules (SS1, SS2) attached to the photovoltaic cell arrays (SARRY1, SARRY2), the photovoltaic cell arrays (SARRY1, SARRY2), Inverter (IVT) that converts direct current (DC) power received from photovoltaic cell arrays (SARRY1, SARRY2) into alternating current (AC) power and outputs power line communication (PLC communication) with the inverter (IVT) and sensor module By performing wireless communication with the SS1 and SS2, various power plant monitoring information can be obtained.

Each of the photovoltaic cell arrays SARRY1 and SARRY2 may include a plurality of solar cells connected in series and in parallel to form an array. A blocking diode, a blocking switch, and a shunt for measuring current may be attached to each of the photovoltaic cell arrays SARRY1 and SARRY2 .

The sensor unit 130 may be embodied as sensor modules included in the solar panel. The sensor modules SS1 and SS2 are directly attached to or disposed adjacent to the photovoltaic cell arrays SARRY and SARRY2 to collect state information of the photovoltaic cell arrays SARRY and SARRY2 to generate sensing data. can For example, the sensor modules SS1 and SS2 are a temperature sensor that measures the atmospheric temperature of the photovoltaic cell arrays SARRY and SARRY2, and a temperature sensor that detects sunlight reflected from the photovoltaic cell arrays SARRY and SARRY2. It may include an illumination sensor (CDS). In more detail, the sensor modules SS1 and SS2 may further include a wind direction sensor, a wind speed sensor, a solar radiation sensor, and the like. The type of the sensor module is not limited.

The inverter IVT may convert DC power generated from the photovoltaic cell arrays SARRY1 and SARRY2 into AC power and output the converted DC power. The output power of the inverter (IVT) may be connected to an external transmission tower (PTT) through a grid line or may be connected to an internal distribution board and supplied to an internal load. Various protective relays or protective devices for supplying power to the load may be additionally mounted to the inverter (IVT). The inverter IVT may also be referred to as a power conversion system (PCS).

The photovoltaic power generation facility monitoring device 100 performs power line communication with the inverter (IVT) and (more specifically, an internal controller of the inverter (IVT) or a separate control device for controlling the inverter (IVT)) to the inverter (IVT) Alternatively, system data regarding the solar cell arrays may be received. The grid data may include conversion efficiency of the inverter IVT, an input voltage, an input current, an input power (KW), an output voltage, an output current, and an output power (KW). In addition, the system data may further include DC power, voltage, and current generated from the photovoltaic cell arrays SARRY1 and SARRY2 .

The solar power generation facility monitoring apparatus 100 may receive sensing information by performing wireless communication with the plurality of sensor modules SS1 and SS2. For example, the solar power generation facility monitoring apparatus 100 may receive sensing information by performing Bluetooth communication with a plurality of sensor modules.

The solar power generation facility monitoring apparatus 100 may collect external data by interworking with an external cloud server. For example, the device 100 for monitoring a solar power plant may collect external data from a server of the Korea Meteorological Administration or a new and renewable energy data center. Here, the external data may include information on air temperature, insolation intensity (or solar radiation) on a slope, weather (rain, snow), wind speed, and wind direction.

The photovoltaic power generation facility monitoring apparatus 100 may calculate instantaneous power generation efficiency and actual power generation amount using at least one of system data, sensing data, and external data.

The photovoltaic power generation facility monitoring apparatus 100 may transmit power plant monitoring information including instantaneous power generation efficiency and actual power generation amount to a pre-registered user terminal or manager terminal.

Here, the user terminal or the manager terminal is, for example, a communicable desktop computer, a laptop computer, a notebook, a smart phone, a tablet PC, and a mobile phone. phone), smart watch, smart glass, e-book reader, PMP (portable multimedia player), portable game console, navigation device, digital camera, DMB (digital multimedia broadcasting) ) player, digital audio recorder, digital audio player, digital video recorder, digital video player, PDA (Personal Digital Assistant), and the like.

The processor 140 according to one disclosure generally controls the overall operation of the solar power generation facility monitoring apparatus 100 . For example, the processor 140 may generally control other components included in the photovoltaic power generation facility monitoring apparatus 100 by executing programs stored in the memory 160 . In addition, the processor 140 may execute the programs stored in the memory 160 to perform the function of the solar power generation facility monitoring apparatus 100 . The processor 140 may include at least one processor. The processor 140 may include a plurality of processors or a single processor in an integrated form according to functions and roles thereof. In one embodiment, the processor 140 may include at least one processor that provides a notification message by executing at least one program stored in the memory 160 .

The memory 160 may store a program for processing and control of the processor 140 , and may also store data input to or output from the photovoltaic facility monitoring apparatus 100 . have.

The memory 160 may include a flash memory type, a hard disk type, a multimedia card micro type, and a card type memory (eg, SD or XD memory 160 ). ), RAM (Random Access Memory), SRAM (Static Random Access Memory), ROM (Read-Only Memory), EEPROM (Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory), PROM (Programmable Read-Only Memory), magnetic memory , a magnetic disk, and an optical disk may include at least one type of storage medium.

Programs stored in the memory 160 may be classified into a plurality of modules according to their functions, where the plurality of modules are software, not hardware, and refer to modules that are functionally operated.

The memory 160 may store a program for processing and control of the processor 140 , and an image input to the photovoltaic facility monitoring apparatus 100 or guide information output from the photovoltaic facility monitoring apparatus 100 . can also be saved. Also, the memory 1100 may store specific information for determining whether guide information is output.

The memory 1100 may include a flash memory type, a hard disk type, a multimedia card micro type, a card type memory (eg, SD or XD memory), and a RAM. (RAM, Random Access Memory) SRAM (Static Random Access Memory), ROM (Read-Only Memory), EEPROM (Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory), PROM (Programmable Read-Only Memory), magnetic memory, magnetic disk , may include at least one type of storage medium among optical disks.

Programs stored in the memory 1100 may be classified into a plurality of modules according to their functions, for example, may be classified into a UI module, a touch screen module, a notification module, and the like.

The UI module may provide a specialized UI, GUI, etc. that is interlocked with the solar power generation facility monitoring apparatus 100 for each application. The touch screen module may detect a touch gesture on the user's touch screen and transmit information about the touch gesture to the processor 140 . The touch screen module according to an embodiment may recognize and analyze a touch code. The touch screen module may be configured as separate hardware including a controller.

The notification module may generate a signal for notifying the occurrence of an event of the solar power generation facility monitoring apparatus 100 . Examples of events generated in the photovoltaic power generation facility monitoring apparatus 100 include call signal reception, message reception, key signal input, schedule notification, and the like.

The processor 140 generally controls the overall operation of the solar power generation facility monitoring apparatus 100 . For example, the processor 140, by executing the programs stored in the memory 1100, may control the overall control of other modules and the like. In addition, the processor 140 may execute the programs stored in the memory 1100 to perform the function of the solar power generation facility monitoring apparatus 100 .

In addition, the processor 140 may communicate with other devices and other servers using the communication unit 150 . The communication unit may include one or more components that allow the solar power generation facility monitoring device 100 to communicate with another device (not shown) and a server (not shown). The other device (not shown) may be a computing device such as the solar power generation facility monitoring device 100 or a sensing device, but is not limited thereto. For example, the communication unit may include a short-range communication unit, a mobile communication unit, and a broadcast receiving unit.

Short-range wireless communication unit, Bluetooth communication unit, BLE (Bluetooth Low Energy) communication unit, near field communication unit (Near Field Communication unit), WLAN (Wi-Fi) communication unit, Zigbee communication unit, infrared (IrDA, infrared) It may include a data association) communication unit, a Wi-Fi Direct (WFD) communication unit, an ultra wideband (UWB) communication unit, an Ant+ communication unit, and the like, but is not limited thereto.

The mobile communication unit transmits/receives a radio signal to and from at least one of a base station, an external terminal, and a server on a mobile communication network. Here, the wireless signal may include various types of data according to transmission/reception of a voice call signal, a video call signal, or a text/multimedia message.

The broadcast receiver receives a broadcast signal and/or broadcast-related information from the outside through a broadcast channel. The broadcast channel may include a satellite channel and a terrestrial channel. Depending on the embodiment, the solar power generation facility monitoring apparatus 100 may not include a broadcast receiver.

The processor 140 according to one disclosure obtains a plurality of state data generated from a plurality of photovoltaic power generation systems including at least two or more different types, and converts different protocols of the plurality of state data into a predetermined standard protocol. According to the property of the time of conversion and acquisition of the converted state data, it is classified into any one of the device manufacturer, device type, device power generation status, device power generation status, and device error status, and the classified status data is stored, and the solar power generation system Measures the amount of power in consideration of vertical insolation, horizontal insolation, module temperature, and external temperature according to the location of each of the photovoltaic cell modules included in the Calculating the average output wattage and acquiring fault diagnosis information according to whether the average output wattage reaches a reference value device can be provided.

2 is a flowchart illustrating a method of automatically monitoring the state of a facility by integrally managing data collected from a photovoltaic power generation system according to one disclosure.

In block 201, the photovoltaic power generation facility monitoring apparatus 100 according to one disclosure may obtain a plurality of state data generated from a plurality of photovoltaic power generation systems including at least two or more different types.

The photovoltaic power generation facility monitoring device 100 according to one disclosure measures the amount of power in consideration of vertical insolation, horizontal insolation, the temperature of the module and the temperature of the outside air according to the positions of each of the photovoltaic cell modules included in the photovoltaic power generation system, and , it is possible to calculate the average output power amount of each photovoltaic cell module with respect to the total output power amount of the photovoltaic cell modules, and obtain fault diagnosis information according to whether the average output power amount reaches a reference value.

In block 202, the photovoltaic equipment monitoring apparatus 100 according to one disclosure may convert different protocols of a plurality of state data into a predetermined standard protocol.

Since data generated in different facilities have communication protocols required by each facility, when a communication module using an incompatible protocol is used, data transmission/reception and compatibility are not easy.

In the present application, in order to integrally manage information of various protocols obtained from a plurality of photovoltaic system systems, a plurality of photovoltaic panels, a plurality of photovoltaic facilities, etc., it is possible to solve the communication obstacle by converting and storing the protocol format.

In this case, the solar power generation facility monitoring apparatus 100 according to one disclosure may be stored in an external server, cloud, or the like.

In block 203, the photovoltaic power generation facility monitoring device 100 by the start of work is set to any one of a device manufacturer, a device type, a device power generation status, a device power generation status, and a device error status according to the property of the time when the converted status data is acquired. can be classified.

In block 204, the solar power generation facility monitoring apparatus 100 according to one disclosure may store the classified state data.

3 is a view for explaining a data format process for effectively managing a photovoltaic power generation system according to one disclosure.

In block 301, the photovoltaic power generation facility monitoring apparatus 100 by one start defines the state data obtained for each of a plurality of facilities included in the photovoltaic system by using the identifiers of the Start Bit and End Bit, and State data can be primarily classified according to attributes.

In block 302, the photovoltaic facility monitoring device 100 by the start of the work secondly classifies all the state data of the first item classified according to the property of the facility into n items according to the original format of the data. can

In block 303, the photovoltaic power generation facility monitoring apparatus 100 according to the disclosure may secondarily convert the state data of n items into a standard data format required according to the purpose of data analysis.

In block 304, the solar power generation facility monitoring apparatus 100 according to one disclosure may store all state data of the first item into a standard data format, and then store it in an external server.

4 is a view for explaining a characteristic for generating fault diagnosis information for each solar power generation facility according to the disclosure.

In block 401, the solar power generation facility monitoring apparatus 100 by the start may determine the range of the standard operating value from the average operating values of the state data obtained from each first facility included in the plurality of photovoltaic power generation systems. have.

In block 402, the solar power generation facility monitoring apparatus 100 according to the start may determine whether the first state data obtained in real time from the first facility of the first photovoltaic system is included in the standard operating value range. .

In block 403, the solar power generation facility monitoring device 100 by the start of the first state data is out of the standard operating value range, horizontal insolation, vertical insolation, illuminance measured in the cell module of the first solar power system, It is possible to acquire ambient environment information including air temperature, external humidity, and external air quality.

In block 404, the photovoltaic power generation facility monitoring device 100 by the start of the day, when the amount of power of the first photovoltaic power generation system calculated by reflecting the surrounding environment information is out of a predetermined normal range, the failure diagnosis information of the first facility can create

5 is a graph for explaining a process of calculating an expected output power amount of photovoltaic power generation by one start.

The photovoltaic power generation facility monitoring apparatus 100 according to one disclosure may calculate the actual output power amount from the state data obtained from the inverter of the second photovoltaic power generation system.

The photovoltaic power generation facility monitoring apparatus 100 according to one disclosure calculates the power generation efficiency (E _s ) of the second photovoltaic power generation system by using Equation 1 below from the state data obtained from the inverter of the second photovoltaic power generation system. can

[Equation 1]

Here, E _f represents the output power calculated based on data received by the inverter from the cell module, E _i represents the solar intensity of the slope, k represents a correction factor according to the phase change of the sun, and A represents the area of the cell modules.

Referring to Equation 1 above, the instantaneous power generation efficiency (Es) is the instantaneous output power (Ef) of the inverter (IVT), the slope solar intensity (Ei), the correction coefficient (k) according to the phase change of the sun, and the sunlight It may be calculated by dividing the area A of the cell arrays SARRY1 and SARRY2 by a value multiplied by each other. The instantaneous output power of the inverter (IVT) may be obtained from grid data or calculated using grid data. The insolation intensity (Ei) of the inclined plane is the solar intensity according to the inclination for each latitude, and may have a unit of insolation (kW) for the area (m 2 ), and the latitude and inclination angle at which the solar cell arrays (SARRY1, SARRY2) are installed. , and may be obtained from external data. The correction coefficient k may be a coefficient for correcting the insolation intensity Ei of the inclined surface according to the phase change of the sun. At the same latitude, the sun moves along a diurnal path once a day, so errors may be involved if the insolation intensity of the slope is used as it is. Accordingly, the correction coefficient k may be a coefficient for correcting the phase angle change according to the sun's diurnal path.

The photovoltaic power generation facility monitoring apparatus 100 according to the disclosure may calculate the actual amount of power currently output from the photovoltaic power plant based on the system data. In more detail, the solar power generation facility monitoring apparatus 100 according to the disclosure may calculate the output power output from the inverter IVT or the power generated by the photovoltaic cell arrays SARRY1 and SARRY2 based on the grid data. have. The solar power generation facility monitoring apparatus 100 according to the disclosure may collect the calculated actual generation amount and additionally calculate the expected generation amount EGF for the predicted time tx based on the collected actual generation amount. The generation amount calculating unit 104 may calculate a loss error ERR to calculate the expected generation amount EGF. The error detection unit 105 may detect an error of the currently generated solar power plant based on the error error (ERR) calculated by the generation amount calculation unit 104 . For example, when the loss error (ERR) is greater than the reference standard deviation, the solar power plant monitoring apparatus 100 according to the start may determine that there is an error in the photovoltaic power plant.

The storage may collect and store system data, sensing data, and external data, and the solar power generation facility monitoring apparatus 100 according to the start may collect and store the calculated actual power generation amount.

The solar power generation facility monitoring apparatus 100 according to the disclosure may calculate the expected output power amount at a predetermined predicted time from the actual output power amount of the second photovoltaic power generation system and the power generation efficiency of the system.

The photovoltaic power generation facility monitoring apparatus 100 according to the disclosure uses the temperature loss coefficient, the line loss coefficient, and the inverter loss coefficient obtained from the state data obtained from the second photovoltaic system, and the loss error according to the following Equation 2 (EPR) can be determined.

In order to calculate the expected power generation amount, the photovoltaic power generation facility monitoring apparatus 100 may first calculate the actual power generation amount (TGF) according to time. Next, a linear trend line TL is calculated from the graph showing the actual generation amount (TGF) over time, and the expected generation amount (EGF) indicated by the linear trend line TL at the prediction time point tx can be calculated. . Here, the linear trend line TL may be calculated by applying Gaussian process regression (GPR) or other simple linear approximation to the actual generation amount (TGF) over time.

The expected generation amount (EGF) indicated by the linear trend line (TL) reflects the variables that change gradually over time, such as the degree of aging, among the variables affecting the generation amount, but Variables may not be reflected.

In order to solve this problem, the solar power generation facility monitoring apparatus 100 according to the disclosure may calculate a loss error (ERR) and correct the expected power generation amount (EGF) by the calculated loss error (ERR). For example, the solar power generation facility monitoring device 100 according to the start of the day by adding the calculated loss error (ERR) to the expected generation amount (EGF) according to the linear trend line (TL), the corrected expected generation amount (EGF`) can be calculated. Here, the loss error (ERR) may be calculated using loss factors that have an immediate effect on the amount of power generation. For example, the loss coefficients include a line loss coefficient generated in the process of electric power being transmitted along a line, a temperature loss coefficient indicating a decrease in power generation efficiency due to an increase in temperature, and an inverter loss coefficient indicating the conversion efficiency of the inverter (IVT). can do.

[Equation 2]

Here, L ₁ is a line loss coefficient, T ₁ is a temperature loss coefficient, I ₁ is an inverter loss coefficient, a is a first proportionality constant, and b is a second proportional constant.

The line loss coefficient is a standard calculated for a preset period before the prediction time (tx) with respect to the difference power between the power produced by the photovoltaic cell arrays (SARRY1, SARRY2) and the power input to the inverter (IVT) may be a deviation.

The inverter loss coefficient may be a standard deviation calculated for a preset period before the prediction time tx with respect to the difference power between the power input to the inverter IVT and the output power of the inverter IVT.

The temperature loss coefficient is a coefficient to reflect the decrease in the amount of power generation of the solar cell that occurs as the reference temperature is exceeded. It may be a value normalized to a value between 0 and 1 for a preset period. For example, the reference temperature may be 25 degrees Celsius.

In this case, the atmospheric temperature collected from the sensing data may not necessarily match the surface temperature of the photovoltaic cell arrays SARRY1 and SARRY2. Accordingly, the atmospheric temperature collected from the sensing data may be corrected using the wind speed collected from the external data, and a temperature loss coefficient may be determined using the corrected atmospheric temperature. For example, the differential wind speed between the wind speed collected from external data and the reference wind speed may be calculated at the atmospheric temperature collected from the sensing data, and the atmospheric temperature may be lowered by a value obtained by dividing the calculated differential wind speed by a preset section.

When the line loss coefficient, the temperature loss coefficient, and the inverter loss coefficient are determined, the loss error (ERR) may be determined as in Equation (2).

The loss error (ERR) is obtained by multiplying the value obtained by multiplying the line loss coefficient (Ll) and the temperature loss coefficient (Tl) by the first proportional constant (a), and then multiplying the inverter loss coefficient (Il) by the second proportional constant (b). It can be calculated by adding the values. That is, the loss error ERR is proportional to a value obtained by multiplying the line loss coefficient Ll by the temperature loss coefficient Tl, and may be proportional to the inverter loss coefficient. The first proportional constant (a) and the second proportional constant (b) may be set to 1 as an initial value, and the difference between the actual power generation and the expected power generation amount is later compared with the loss error (ERR) according to Equation 2 can be corrected.

The solar power generation facility monitoring apparatus 100 according to the start of the second solar power generation system when the loss error (EPR) of the second solar power generation system is greater than the reference standard deviation (μ) calculated by the following Equation 3 can generate fault diagnosis information of

If the loss error (ERR) is greater than the reference standard deviation, it can be determined that there is an error in the solar power plant. Here, the reference standard deviation may be determined using a difference value between the linear trend line TL and the actual generation amount TGF for a preset period before the prediction time tx. For example, the reference standard deviation may be determined as in Equation 3 below.

[Equation 3]

Here, μ is the reference standard deviation, n actual output wattage (TGF) data obtained for a preset period before the prediction time (t _x ), and TL is a linear trend line (TL).

The reference standard deviation (μ) is the root mean square error ( root mean squared error (RMSE) may be a calculated value. When the solar power generation facility monitoring apparatus 100 according to one disclosure determines that there is an error, it may transmit an error message to an external user terminal or a manager terminal through the communication unit.

Acquiring a plurality of state data generated from a plurality of photovoltaic power generation systems including at least two or more different types by one disclosure, converting different protocols of the plurality of state data into a predetermined standard protocol, conversion According to the property of the time at which the state data is acquired, classifying it into any one of a device manufacturer, a device type, a device power generation status, a device power generation status, and a device error status, and storing the classified status data. The step of obtaining the state data of the photovoltaic cell module includes measuring the amount of power in consideration of vertical insolation, horizontal insolation, module temperature, and outdoor temperature according to the position of each of the photovoltaic cell modules included in the photovoltaic power generation system, and the photovoltaic cell module Data collected from the photovoltaic system, characterized in that the average output power of each photovoltaic cell module is calculated with respect to the total amount of output power, and fault diagnosis information is obtained according to whether the average output power reaches a reference value It is possible to provide a method for automatically monitoring the status of equipment by managing the equipment in an integrated manner.

The cloud according to one disclosure may transmit a control signal to at least one facility that is a target of the control information in response to receiving the control information on the error from the user terminal.

The solar power generation facility monitoring apparatus 100 according to one disclosure may monitor information on the driving state of the facilities in real time and transmit it to the user terminal using the cloud or the cloud at predetermined intervals. The photovoltaic power generation facility monitoring device 100 can report information on the current status of all facilities included in the product production process at a preset cycle, and can interwork with SCADA, Databese, etc. in the form of json, XML, etc. data can be transmitted.

According to one disclosure, the user accesses the cloud through the communication network, the cloud calculates the bandwidth of the communication network from the obtained communication network information, and determines whether the communication network has an error based on the calculated bandwidth. have.

According to one disclosure, the cloud may estimate the bandwidth of the communication network in consideration of all of a mode factor, a link speed factor, a link quality ratio factor, an interference ratio factor, and a retry rate ratio factor.

In particular, the solar power generation facility monitoring apparatus 100 may estimate the bandwidth of the communication network based on the retry rate ratio factor expressed in Equation 4 below. The retry rate ratio (RR_ratio) factor by one initiation indicates the percentage of TX packets that are retried in units of seconds. For example, Wi-Fi bandwidth may be inversely proportional to the retry rate.

[Equation 4]

Here, the number of transmitted Tx packets and the number of retried Tx packets may be obtained using the iw command for the retry rate.

The RR factor may be a numerical value assigned based on at least one of RSSI information among retry rate information and communication protocol mode information. For example, if the protocol is 802.11a/b/g, RR factor = 0.7, and if the HT mode is HT20, RR factor = 0.7. If the HT mode is HT40, the protocol is 802.11n, and RSSI > -60, RR factor = 2.1. If the HT mode is HT40, the protocol is 802.11n, and RSSI < -60, RR factor = 0.9. If the HT mode is HT40, the protocol is 802.11ac, and RSSI > -60, RR factor = 1.2. If the HT mode is HT80, the protocol is 802.11ac, and RSSI > -60, RR factor = 2.1. If HT mode is HT40/HT80, protocol is 802.11ac, RSSI < -60, RR factor = 0.4.

RSSI information means received signal strength in a wireless communication environment. It may be expressed in units of dBm, but is not limited thereto. Since RSSI means signal power received by a wireless receiver, gain of an antenna, loss inside a circuit, cable loss, etc. are not taken into consideration. Accordingly, the higher the RSSI value, the stronger the received signal strength.

The steps of the method or algorithm described in relation to the embodiment of the present invention may be implemented directly in hardware, implemented as a software module executed by hardware, or implemented by a combination thereof. A software module may include random access memory (RAM), read only memory (ROM), erasable programmable ROM (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), flash memory, hard disk, removable disk, CD-ROM, or It may reside in any type of computer-readable recording medium well known in the art to which the present invention pertains.

The components of the present invention may be implemented as a program (or application) to be executed in combination with a computer, which is hardware, and stored in a medium. Components of the present invention may be implemented as software programming or software components, and similarly, embodiments may include various algorithms implemented as data structures, processes, routines, or combinations of other programming constructs, including C, C++ , Java, assembler, etc. may be implemented in a programming or scripting language. Functional aspects may be implemented in an algorithm running on one or more processors.

As mentioned above, although embodiments of the present invention have been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains can realize that the present invention can be embodied in other specific forms without changing its technical spirit or essential features. you will be able to understand Therefore, it should be understood that the embodiments described above are illustrative in all respects and not restrictive.

Claims (5)

In the method of automatically monitoring the state of the facility by integrated management of the data collected from the photovoltaic power generation system,
acquiring a plurality of state data generated from a plurality of photovoltaic power generation systems including at least two or more different types;
converting different protocols of the plurality of state data into a predetermined standard protocol;
classifying the converted state data into any one of a device manufacturer, a device type, a device power generation status, a device power generation status, and a device error status according to the property of the time when the converted status data is acquired; and
storing the classified state data;
The obtaining of the plurality of state data includes:
Measure the amount of power in consideration of vertical insolation, horizontal insolation, module temperature and external temperature according to the position of each of the photovoltaic cell modules included in the photovoltaic system, and each of the total output power of the photovoltaic cell modules Calculating the average output power of the solar cell module of , and acquiring fault diagnosis information according to whether the average output power reaches a reference value,
The method of automatically monitoring the status of the equipment,
defining state data obtained for each of the plurality of facilities included in the photovoltaic system using identifiers of Start Bit and End Bit, and first classifying the state data according to the properties of the plurality of facilities;
secondarily classifying all state data of the first item classified primarily according to the properties of the equipment into n items according to the original format of the data;
converting the secondarily state data of n items into a standard data format required according to the purpose of data analysis; and
After all the state data of the first item is converted into a standard data format, the method of automatically monitoring the state of the facility by integrated management of the data collected in the photovoltaic system, further comprising the step of storing it in an external server . delete In the method of automatically monitoring the state of the facility by integrated management of the data collected from the photovoltaic power generation system,
acquiring a plurality of state data generated from a plurality of photovoltaic power generation systems including at least two or more different types;
converting different protocols of the plurality of state data into a predetermined standard protocol;
classifying the converted state data into any one of a device manufacturer, a device type, a device power generation status, a device power generation status, and a device error status according to the property of the time when the converted status data is acquired; and
storing the classified state data;
The obtaining of the plurality of state data includes:
Measure the amount of power in consideration of vertical insolation, horizontal insolation, module temperature and external temperature according to the position of each of the photovoltaic cell modules included in the photovoltaic system, and each of the total output power of the photovoltaic cell modules Calculating the average output power of the solar cell module of , and acquiring fault diagnosis information according to whether the average output power reaches a reference value,
The method of automatically monitoring the status of the equipment,
determining a range of a standard operating value from average operating values of state data obtained from each of the first facilities included in the plurality of photovoltaic power generation systems;
determining whether the first state data obtained in real time from the first facility of the first photovoltaic power generation system is included in the standard operating value range;
When the first state data is out of the standard operating value range, the ambient environment information including horizontal insolation, vertical insolation, illuminance, ambient temperature, external humidity and external air quality measured in the cell module of the first solar power generation system obtaining; and
When the amount of power of the first photovoltaic power generation system calculated by reflecting the surrounding environment information is out of a predetermined normal range, further comprising the step of generating fault diagnosis information of the first facility, collected from the photovoltaic power generation system A method to automatically monitor the status of equipment through integrated data management. The method of claim 1,
calculating an actual output power amount from the state data obtained from the inverter of the second photovoltaic system;
calculating the power generation efficiency (E _s ) of the second photovoltaic system by using Equation 1 below from the state data obtained from the inverter of the second photovoltaic system;
calculating an expected output power amount at a predetermined predicted time from the actual output power amount of the second photovoltaic power generation system and the power generation efficiency of the system;
determining a loss error (ERR) according to Equation 2 below by using a temperature loss coefficient, a line loss coefficient, and an inverter loss coefficient obtained from the state data obtained from the second solar power generation system; and
When the loss error (ERR) of the second photovoltaic system is greater than the reference standard deviation (μ) calculated by Equation 3 below, generating fault diagnosis information of the second photovoltaic power generation system,
[Equation 1]

(Here, E _f represents the output power calculated based on the data received by the inverter from the cell module, E _i is the insolation intensity of the slope, k is the correction factor according to the phase change of the sun, and A represents the area of the cell modules )
[Equation 2]

(Where L _l is the line loss coefficient, T _l is the temperature loss coefficient, I _l is the inverter loss coefficient, a is the first proportionality constant, and b is the second proportional constant)
[Equation 3]

(where μ is the reference standard deviation, n actual output wattage (TGF) data obtained for a preset period before the prediction time (t _x ), TL is the linear trend line (TL)), collected from the solar power system A method to automatically monitor the status of equipment by managing one data in an integrated way. a sensor unit for sensing state data of the solar power generation system;
a communication unit for transmitting and receiving the state data;
at least one processor; and
a memory for storing instructions instructing the at least one processor to perform at least one step;
The at least one processor,
acquiring a plurality of state data generated from a plurality of photovoltaic systems comprising at least two or more different types;
converting different protocols of the plurality of state data into a predetermined standard protocol,
Classifying the converted state data into any one of a device manufacturer, a device type, a device power generation status, a device power generation status, and a device error status according to the property of the time when the converted status data was acquired,
Storing the classified state data,
Measure the amount of power in consideration of vertical insolation, horizontal insolation, module temperature and external temperature according to the position of each of the photovoltaic cell modules included in the photovoltaic system, and each of the total output power of the photovoltaic cell modules Calculating the average output power of the solar cell module of , and acquiring fault diagnosis information according to whether the average output power reaches a reference value,
The at least one processor,
The state data obtained for each of the plurality of facilities included in the photovoltaic system is defined using the identifier of the Start Bit and the End Bit, and the state data is primarily classified according to the properties of the plurality of facilities,
All state data of the first item classified primarily according to the properties of the equipment is secondarily classified into n items according to the original format of the data,
The secondarily converts the state data of n items into a standard data format required according to the purpose of data analysis,
After all the state data of the first item is converted into a standard data format, it is stored in an external server, a device for automatically monitoring the state of the facility by integrated management of the data collected from the photovoltaic system.

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