KR102412449B1 - Biodegradable polymer microneedle - Google Patents

Biodegradable polymer microneedle Download PDF

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KR102412449B1
KR102412449B1 KR1020200005710A KR20200005710A KR102412449B1 KR 102412449 B1 KR102412449 B1 KR 102412449B1 KR 1020200005710 A KR1020200005710 A KR 1020200005710A KR 20200005710 A KR20200005710 A KR 20200005710A KR 102412449 B1 KR102412449 B1 KR 102412449B1
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microneedle
copolymer
polycaprolactone
methoxypolyethylene glycol
polymer
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이우성
전현진
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주식회사 로즈랩
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    • A61M2037/0053Methods for producing microneedles
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Abstract

본 발명은 수용성 폴리카프로락톤 공중합체를 포함하는 하는 마이크로니들 에 관한 것으로, 기존의 생분해성 합성고분자 마이크로니들과 달리 수용액과 미접촉한 상태에서는 형태를 유지하고 수용액에 접촉되면 일정 시간 내에 마이크로니들이 분해되는 마이크로니들을 제공할 수 있다.The present invention relates to a microneedle containing a water-soluble polycaprolactone copolymer, which, unlike conventional biodegradable synthetic polymer microneedles, maintains its shape in a non-contact state with an aqueous solution, and when in contact with an aqueous solution, the microneedle is decomposed within a certain period of time. A microneedle may be provided.

Description

생분해성 고분자 마이크로니들{Biodegradable polymer microneedle}Biodegradable polymer microneedle {Biodegradable polymer microneedle}

본 발명은 고분자 공중합체를 포함하는 마이크로니들에 관한 것으로, 보다 상세하게는 상기 고분자 공중합체는 소수성 고분자 및 친수성 고분자를 중합시킨 공중합체가 상온에서 고형을 유지하고 수분과 접촉시 일정 시간 내에 분해되는 특징을 가지는 마이크로니들에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a microneedle comprising a polymer copolymer, and more particularly, the polymer copolymer is a copolymer obtained by polymerizing a hydrophobic polymer and a hydrophilic polymer, which maintains a solid state at room temperature and decomposes within a certain time when in contact with moisture. It relates to a microneedle having a characteristic.

기존의 마이크로니들은 비생분해성 고분자, 금속, 실리콘 등의 소재로 제조되었다. 이러한 마이크로니들은 비파괴적 특징을 가지고 있어 마이크로니들 내에 포함된 활성 성분의 충분한 양이 체액 내로 퍼지기 위하여 피부 접촉 시간이 상대적으로 길었다. 이러한 문제점을 극복하기 위하여 생분해성 고분자를 이용한 마이크로니들이 개발되었으나, 생분해성 고분자로 제조된 마이크로니들의 경우 생체 적합성은 우수하나 수분과 접촉시 분해되는데 걸리는 시간은 최소 수주에서 수개월이 걸린다. 따라서 이러한 마이크로니들은 다른 수단을 통하여 분해 또는 파괴되지 않아 피부에 구멍을 내는 역할만을 수행할 수 있었다. Conventional microneedles are made of materials such as non-biodegradable polymers, metals, and silicones. Since these microneedles have non-destructive characteristics, the skin contact time is relatively long in order to spread a sufficient amount of the active ingredient contained in the microneedle into the body fluid. To overcome this problem, microneedles using biodegradable polymers have been developed, but in the case of microneedles made of biodegradable polymers, biocompatibility is excellent, but it takes at least several weeks to several months to decompose when in contact with water. Therefore, these microneedles were not decomposed or destroyed through other means, so they could only perform the role of making holes in the skin.

기존의 생분해성 고분자 마이크로니들은 용해성이 낮아 유효성분을 효과적으로 전달하기 위해서 마이크로니들에 유효성분을 포함한 가용성 물질을 코팅하는 방법과 마이크로니들의 탐침부와 하단부를 이중 제조하여 유효성분이 포함된 가용성 물질을 탐침부에 위치하도록 제조하는 방법이 소개되었으나 제조 방법이 복잡하고 제조시간이 오래 걸리는 단점을 가지고 있다.Existing biodegradable polymer microneedles have low solubility, so in order to effectively deliver active ingredients, the microneedle is coated with a soluble substance including an active ingredient, and the probe part and the lower part of the microneedle are double manufactured to produce a soluble substance containing an active ingredient. Although a method of manufacturing to be positioned on the probe has been introduced, it has disadvantages in that the manufacturing method is complicated and takes a long time to manufacture.

공개특허공보 제10-2019-0060363호Unexamined Patent Publication No. 10-2019-0060363

본 발명이 이루고자 하는 기술적 과제는 피부 주사시 체액에 의해 신속하게 마이크로니들이 분해 또는 파괴되는 특징을 갖는 마이크로니들을 제공하는 것이다.An object of the present invention is to provide a microneedle having a characteristic in which the microneedle is rapidly decomposed or destroyed by a bodily fluid during skin injection.

상기 목적을 달성하기 위해 본 발명은 고분자 공중합체로 제조한 마이크로니들을 제공한다.In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a microneedle made of a polymer copolymer.

상기 고분자 공중합체는 소수성 고분자 및 친수성 고분자를 중합시킨 중합체이다.The polymer copolymer is a polymer obtained by polymerizing a hydrophobic polymer and a hydrophilic polymer.

상기 소수성 고분자는 폴리카프로락톤, 폴리락트산, 폴리글리콜산, 폴리디옥사논 및 폴리하이드록시부틸레이트 등 일 수 있으나, 바람직하게는 폴리카프로락톤일 수 있다.The hydrophobic polymer may be polycaprolactone, polylactic acid, polyglycolic acid, polydioxanone and polyhydroxybutylate, but preferably polycaprolactone.

상기 친수성 고분자는 폴리에틸렌글리콜, 모노메톡시폴리에틸렌글리콜이다.The hydrophilic polymer is polyethylene glycol or monomethoxy polyethylene glycol.

상기 소수성 고분자 및 친수성 생분해성 고분자는 10 : 20의 중량비 범위로 중합되는 것이 바람직하다. 소수성 고분자 함량이 너무 높아지면 체액에서 분해가 잘 되지 않을 수 있다.The hydrophobic polymer and the hydrophilic biodegradable polymer are preferably polymerized in a weight ratio of 10:20. If the content of the hydrophobic polymer is too high, it may be difficult to decompose in body fluids.

상기 친수성 고분자의 분자량은 4,000 내지 6,000g/mol 일 수 있다.The molecular weight of the hydrophilic polymer may be 4,000 to 6,000 g/mol.

상기 소수성 고분자 및 친수성 고분자를 중합시킨 공중합체는 수평균 분자량이 10,000 내지 16,000g/mol 일 수 있다. The copolymer obtained by polymerizing the hydrophobic polymer and the hydrophilic polymer may have a number average molecular weight of 10,000 to 16,000 g/mol.

상기 공중합체를 제조하기 위해 촉매를 사용할 수 있으며, 상기 촉매는 Stannous octoate 등을 포함할 수 있으나 이에 제한되지는 않는다.A catalyst may be used to prepare the copolymer, and the catalyst may include stannous octoate, but is not limited thereto.

상기 공중합체를 제조하기 위해 첨가제가 사용할 수 있으며, 상기 첨가제는 디이소시아네이트 계열의 헥사메틸렌디아민 등을 포함할 수 있으나 이에 제한되지는 않는다. An additive may be used to prepare the copolymer, and the additive may include, but is not limited to, diisocyanate-based hexamethylenediamine.

상기 마이크로니들의 길이는 1 내지 2,000 ㎛, 바람직하게는 100내지 1,000 ㎛일 수 있으나 이에 제한되는 것은 아니다.The length of the microneedle may be 1 to 2,000 μm, preferably 100 to 1,000 μm, but is not limited thereto.

또한, 상기 마이크로니들은 체액에 접촉 후 15분 이내에, 바람직하게는 10분 이내에 분해될 수 있다.In addition, the microneedle may be decomposed within 15 minutes, preferably within 10 minutes, after contacting the body fluid.

본 발명의 마이크로니들에는 활성 물질 또는 유효 성분이 추가적으로 더 포함될 수 있다. 상기 활성 물질 또는 유효 성분은 작은 분자량의 화합물(chemical compound), 단백질, 항체 등의 약효 물질, 백신, 미용 성분 등 약학적, 의학적 또는 화장학적으로 사용이 허용된 어떠한 물질일 수 있다.The microneedle of the present invention may further contain an active substance or an active ingredient. The active substance or active ingredient may be any substance that is allowed to be used pharmaceutically, medically, or cosmetically, such as a small molecular weight compound (chemical compound), a drug substance such as a protein or an antibody, a vaccine, or a cosmetic ingredient.

본 발명에 따른 마이크로니들은 본 발명이 속한 분야에서 통상적으로 알려진 방법에 따라 제조될 수 있다.The microneedle according to the present invention may be manufactured according to a method commonly known in the art to which the present invention pertains.

본 발명의 마이크로니들은 또한 피부 주사 시 체온에 의해 또는 외부 열자극에 의해 그 상이 고상에서 액상으로 전이되는 상전이 물질을 포함할 수 있다. 이러한 상전이 물질을 포함할 경우 피부 주사 후에 마이크로니들 내 상전이 물질의 상이 액상으로 바뀜으로써 마이크로니들이 더욱 신속하게 파괴될 수 있고, 이러한 상전이 물질은 체온을 이용해 용융되거나, 외부의 열자극에 의해 용융될 수 있다.The microneedle of the present invention may also contain a phase change material whose phase is transferred from a solid to a liquid by body temperature or external thermal stimulation upon skin injection. When such a phase change material is included, the microneedle can be destroyed more quickly by changing the phase of the phase change material in the microneedle to liquid after skin injection, and this phase change material can be melted using body temperature or melted by external thermal stimulation. have.

본 발명의 마이크로니들은 기존의 생분해성 합성고분자 마이크로니들과 달리 수용액과 접촉하기 전 상온에서는 형태를 유지하고 수용액과 접촉 시 마이크로니들 부분이 빠르게 용해된다.Unlike conventional biodegradable synthetic polymer microneedles, the microneedle of the present invention maintains its shape at room temperature before contact with the aqueous solution, and the microneedle portion is rapidly dissolved when in contact with the aqueous solution.

도 1은 실시예 1에 따른 마이크로 니들의 확대 사진을 나타낸 것이다.
도 2는 실시예 1의 마이크로 니들이 인산완충식염수에 접촉된 후, 시간 경과(접촉 전, 1분, 5분, 15분)에 따라 분해되는 정도를 나타낸 것이다.
도 3은 실시예 1의 마이크로 니들이 인산완충식염수에서 시간에 따라 분해되는 정도를 나타낸 것이다.
도 4는 비교예 1과 비교예 2의 마이크로 니들을 인산완충식염수에 접촉시킨 후 15분 뒤의 분해 결과를 나타낸 것이다.
도 5는 실시예 1에 따른 마이크로 니들을 돼지 피부에 적용시킨 적용 전후를 나타낸 것이다.
도 6는 실시예 1에 따른 마이크로 니들의 돼지 피부 적용 후의 피부 단면을 나타낸 것이다.
1 shows an enlarged photograph of a microneedle according to Example 1.
Figure 2 shows the degree of decomposition according to the lapse of time (before contact, 1 minute, 5 minutes, 15 minutes) after the microneedle of Example 1 is in contact with phosphate buffered saline.
3 shows the degree to which the microneedle of Example 1 is decomposed over time in phosphate buffered saline.
4 shows the decomposition results 15 minutes after contacting the microneedles of Comparative Examples 1 and 2 with phosphate buffered saline.
5 shows before and after application of applying the microneedle according to Example 1 to pig skin.
6 shows a cross-section of the skin after application of the microneedle according to Example 1 to pig skin.

이하, 본 발명을 실시예 및 실험예에 의해 상세히 설명한다.Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail by way of Examples and Experimental Examples.

단, 하기 실시예 및 실험예는 본 발명을 예시하는 것일 뿐, 본 발명의 내용이 하기 실시예 및 실험예에 한정되는 것은 아니다.However, the following Examples and Experimental Examples are merely illustrative of the present invention, and the content of the present invention is not limited to the following Examples and Experimental Examples.

<비교예 1> 폴리카프로락톤을 포함하는 마이크로니들 <Comparative Example 1> Microneedle containing polycaprolactone

폴리카프로락톤(분자량: 14,000g/mol) 10g를 마이크로니들 몰드에 트리블록 공중합체를 90℃로 가열하여 겔(gel)형태로 넣었고, 몰드 표면 위에 고르게 펴고 원심분리기를 이용하여 몰드의 니들 구멍 내부로 넣었다. 이때 회전 속도는 4,000 rpm이며 회전 시간은 약 15분이었다. 이후 약 100 Pa의 진공을 걸어 고분자 용융액으로 채우고 상온에 방치하여 온도를 상온으로 낮추고 나서 몰드로부터 샘플을 제거하여 마이크로니들을 제조하였다.10 g of polycaprolactone (molecular weight: 14,000 g/mol) was placed in a gel form by heating the triblock copolymer to 90° C. in a microneedle mold, spread evenly on the mold surface, and using a centrifuge inside the needle hole of the mold put into At this time, the rotation speed was 4,000 rpm and the rotation time was about 15 minutes. Thereafter, a vacuum of about 100 Pa was applied, filled with a polymer melt, left at room temperature to lower the temperature to room temperature, and then the sample was removed from the mold to prepare a microneedle.

<비교예 2> 난용성 메톡시폴리에틸렌글리콜-폴리카프로락톤-메톡시폴리에틸렌글리콜 트리블록 공중합체를 포함하는 마이크로니들<Comparative Example 2> Microneedle containing poorly soluble methoxypolyethylene glycol-polycaprolactone-methoxypolyethylene glycol triblock copolymer

(메톡시폴리에틸렌글리콜: 폴리카프로락톤: 메톡시폴리에틸렌글리콜 = 1:4:1)(Methoxy polyethylene glycol: polycaprolactone: methoxy polyethylene glycol = 1:4:1)

모노메톡시폴리에틸렌글리콜(분자량: 4,000g/mol) 5g 과 ε-카프로락톤 단량체 10g를 중량비 1 : 2로 Stannous octoate 촉매 하에서 120℃로 12시간 동안 중합한 후, 헥사메틸렌디아민 1.5g을 주입하여 80℃에서 8시간 동안 반응시킨 후 상온에서 냉각하여 수평균 분자량 14,000 g/mol인 메톡시폴리에틸렌글리콜-폴리카프로락톤-메톡시폴리에틸렌글리콜 트리블록 공중합체를 얻었다. 마이크로니들 몰드에 트리블록 공중합체를 90℃로 가열하여 겔(gel)형태로 넣었고, 몰드 표면 위에 고르게 펴고 원심분리기를 이용하여 몰드의 니들 구멍 내부로 넣었다. 이때 회전 속도는 4,000 rpm이며 회전 시간은 약 15분이었다. 이후 약 100 Pa의 진공을 걸어 고분자 용융액으로 채우고 상온에 방치하여 온도를 상온으로 낮추고 나서 몰드로부터 샘플을 제거하여 마이크로니들을 제조하였다. 5 g of monomethoxypolyethylene glycol (molecular weight: 4,000 g/mol) and 10 g of ε-caprolactone monomer were polymerized at a weight ratio of 1:2 under a stannous octoate catalyst at 120° C. for 12 hours, and then 1.5 g of hexamethylenediamine was injected to 80 After reacting at ℃ for 8 hours, cooling at room temperature to obtain a methoxypolyethylene glycol-polycaprolactone-methoxypolyethylene glycol triblock copolymer having a number average molecular weight of 14,000 g/mol. The triblock copolymer was heated to 90° C. in a microneedle mold and put in the form of a gel, spread evenly on the mold surface, and put into the needle hole of the mold using a centrifuge. At this time, the rotation speed was 4,000 rpm and the rotation time was about 15 minutes. Thereafter, a vacuum of about 100 Pa was applied, filled with a polymer melt, left at room temperature to lower the temperature to room temperature, and then the sample was removed from the mold to prepare a microneedle.

<실시예 1> 가용성 메톡시폴리에틸렌글리콜-폴리카프로락톤-메톡시폴리에틸렌글리콜 트리블록 공중합체를 포함하는 마이크로니들 <Example 1> Microneedle containing soluble methoxypolyethylene glycol-polycaprolactone-methoxypolyethylene glycol triblock copolymer

(메톡시폴리에틸렌글리콜: 폴리카프로락톤: 메톡시폴리에틸렌글리콜 = 1:1:1)(Methoxy polyethylene glycol: polycaprolactone: methoxy polyethylene glycol = 1:1:1)

모노메톡시폴리에틸렌글리콜(분자량: 4,000g/mol) 10g 과 ε-카프로락톤 단량체 5g를 중량비 2 : 1로 Stannous octoate 촉매 하에서 120°C로 12시간 동안 중합한 후, 헥사메틸렌디아민 1.5g을 주입하여 80℃에서 8시간 동안 반응시킨 후 상온에서 냉각하여 수평균 분자량 14,000 g/mol인 메톡시폴리에틸렌글리콜-폴리카프로락톤-메톡시폴리에틸렌글리콜 트리블록 공중합체를 얻었다. 마이크로니들 몰드에 트리블록 공중합체를 90℃로 가열하여 겔(gel)형태로 넣었고, 몰드 표면 위에 고르게 펴고 원심분리기를 이용하여 몰드의 니들 구멍 내부로 넣었다. 이때 회전 속도는 4,000 rpm이며 회전 시간은 약 15분이었다. 이후 약 100 Pa의 진공을 걸어 고분자 용융액으로 채우고 상온에 방치하여 온도를 상온으로 낮추고 나서 몰드로부터 샘플을 제거하여 마이크로니들을 제조하였다.After polymerization of 10 g of monomethoxypolyethylene glycol (molecular weight: 4,000 g/mol) and 5 g of ε-caprolactone monomer at a weight ratio of 2: 1 at 120 °C under a Stannous octoate catalyst for 12 hours, 1.5 g of hexamethylenediamine was injected. After reacting at 80° C. for 8 hours, it was cooled at room temperature to obtain a methoxypolyethylene glycol-polycaprolactone-methoxypolyethylene glycol triblock copolymer having a number average molecular weight of 14,000 g/mol. The triblock copolymer was heated to 90° C. in a microneedle mold and put in the form of a gel, spread evenly on the mold surface, and put into the needle hole of the mold using a centrifuge. At this time, the rotation speed was 4,000 rpm and the rotation time was about 15 minutes. Thereafter, a vacuum of about 100 Pa was applied, filled with a polymer melt, left at room temperature to lower the temperature to room temperature, and then the sample was removed from the mold to prepare a microneedle.

<실험예> 마이크로니들의 분해 용이성 평가<Experimental Example> Evaluation of ease of disassembly of microneedles

상기 비교예 1, 2와 실시예 1에서 제조한 공중합체를 포함하는 마이크로니들의 분해 용이성을 다음과 같은 방법으로 평가하였다.The ease of decomposition of the microneedles including the copolymers prepared in Comparative Examples 1 and 2 and Example 1 was evaluated as follows.

메톡시폴리에틸렌글리콜과 카프로락톤의 합성 비율이 다른 마이크로니들을 각각 제작한 후 마이크로니들과 인산완충식염수 (phosphate buffered saline, pH 7.0)과 접촉후의 분해 정도를 비교하였다. 마이크로니들의 수분 접촉 후 변화를 시간에 따라 관찰하였다. 각각의 마이크로니들을 37℃의 항온기에 넣고 물을 떨어뜨려 1분, 5분, 15분의 접촉시간 후에 샘플의 잔류물을 면봉을 이용하여 흡수 후 빠르게 건조시키고 주사전자현미경으로 관찰을 하였다. 그 결과를 도 2 내지 4에 나타내었다. 도 2 내지 도 4에 나타나는 바와 같이, 시간이 지남에 따라 실시예 1의 가용성 폴리카프로락톤 공중합체 마이크로니들의 분해는 급격히 진행되었으나 비교예 1, 비교예 2의 폴리카프로락톤 마이크로니들과 난용성 폴리카프로락톤 공중합체 마이크로니들은 인산완충식염수에 접촉되고 15분이 지났음에도 분해되지 않았다(도 4). 주사전자현미경으로 분해되는 마이크로니들 높이를 측정하여 분해되어 감소되는 정도를 도2, 4에 각각 나타내었다.After each microneedle with different synthesis ratios of methoxypolyethylene glycol and caprolactone was manufactured, the degree of decomposition after contact with the microneedle and phosphate buffered saline (pH 7.0) was compared. Changes after the microneedle contact with water were observed over time. Each microneedle was placed in a thermostat at 37° C., water was dripped, and after a contact time of 1, 5, and 15 minutes, the residue of the sample was absorbed using a cotton swab, dried quickly, and observed with a scanning electron microscope. The results are shown in FIGS. 2 to 4 . 2 to 4, the decomposition of the soluble polycaprolactone copolymer microneedle of Example 1 rapidly progressed over time, but the polycaprolactone microneedle of Comparative Examples 1 and 2 and the poorly soluble poly The caprolactone copolymer microneedles were not decomposed even after 15 minutes of contact with phosphate buffered saline (FIG. 4). By measuring the height of the decomposed microneedle with a scanning electron microscope, the degree of decomposition and reduction is shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, respectively.

Claims (6)

수용성 폴리카프로락톤 공중합체를 포함하는 마이크로니들로서,
상기 마이크로니들은 수용액과 접촉 시 10분 이내에 용해되고,
상기 수용성 폴리카프로락톤 공중합체는 메톡시폴리에틸렌글리콜과 단량체 카프로락톤이 중량비 2:1로 중합한 메톡시폴리에틸렌글리콜-폴리카프로락톤-메톡시폴리에틸렌글리콜 트리블록공중합체이며,
상기 수용성 폴리카프로락톤 공중합체의 수평균 분자량은 10,000 g/mol이고,
상기 마이크로니들은 피부 주사 시 체온에 의해 또는 외부 열자극에 의해 고상에서 액상으로 전이되는 상전이 물질을 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 마이크로니들.
As a microneedle comprising a water-soluble polycaprolactone copolymer,
The microneedle is dissolved within 10 minutes in contact with the aqueous solution,
The water-soluble polycaprolactone copolymer is a methoxypolyethylene glycol-polycaprolactone-methoxypolyethylene glycol triblock copolymer in which methoxypolyethylene glycol and monomer caprolactone are polymerized in a weight ratio of 2:1,
The number average molecular weight of the water-soluble polycaprolactone copolymer is 10,000 g/mol,
The microneedle is a microneedle, characterized in that it contains a phase change material that is transferred from a solid to a liquid by body temperature or external thermal stimulation during skin injection.
삭제delete 삭제delete 삭제delete 삭제delete 제1항에 있어서, 상기 마이크로니들의 길이는 100 내지 1,000㎛인 것을 특징으로 하는 마이크로니들.The microneedle according to claim 1, wherein the microneedle has a length of 100 to 1,000 μm.
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