KR102405949B1 - High-purity carbon dioxide production facility combining TSA and VSA technologies - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a high-purity carbon dioxide production facility combining TSA and VSA technologies, and in particular, a supply tank for storing carbon dioxide containing nitrogen and oxygen; first, second, and third chambers receiving carbon dioxide containing nitrogen and oxygen from the supply tank and having molecular sieves for adsorbing carbon dioxide filled therein; a vacuum pump for generating a vacuum pressure to desorb carbon dioxide adsorbed on the molecular sieves of the first, second, and third chambers; a product tank in which carbon dioxide desorbed from the molecular sieve by the vacuum pressure of the vacuum pump is stored; A heater for heating the carbon dioxide provided from the product tank to a high temperature and then supplying it into the first, second, and third chambers. Carbon dioxide is supplied, and the vacuum pump desorbs carbon dioxide from the molecular sieve of the chamber by applying a vacuum pressure to the chamber to which carbon dioxide heated to a high temperature by the heater is supplied, thereby repeatedly and continuously producing high-purity carbon dioxide. there is

Description

High-purity carbon dioxide production facility combining TSA and VSA technologies

The present invention relates to a carbon dioxide production facility, and more particularly, to a high-purity carbon dioxide production facility that combines TSA and VSA technologies capable of producing carbon dioxide having a higher purity than conventional methods.

Various technologies have been commercialized for carbon dioxide reduction technology, but in particular, PSA (Pressure swing adsorption), TSA, VSA, hollow fiber gas separation membrane, and absorption technologies using amines are commercialized for carbon dioxide capture and purification technologies in process exhaust gas. .

As the technology that can produce the highest purity carbon dioxide, there is a cooling liquefaction method that converts low-purity carbon dioxide into high-purity carbon dioxide by cooling it at a low temperature. there is

To solve this problem, hollow fiber gas membrane separation and PSA, TSA, and VSA technologies have been developed, but it is practically insufficient to produce carbon dioxide with a purity of 95 to 99% or more by applying each technology independently. The low-temperature liquefaction method of carbon dioxide by cooling method has been commercialized at the cost of loss.

In addition, the process exhaust gas collection and high-purity technology has recently succeeded in achieving a carbon dioxide purity of 85 to 95% by applying the gas membrane separation technology alone, but the gas membrane module of steps 3 and 4 is repeated to still produce high-purity carbon dioxide of more than 95%. Because it has to be applied, there is a lot of initial investment cost and waste of electricity.

That is, although the process exhaust gas collection and purity improvement have been successful to some extent, it is difficult to directly apply the produced carbon dioxide to the process (particularly the NCC process among petrochemical processes). Only through the process of regeneration can it be used as raw material gas for the NCC process.

Registered Patent 10-2247315

The present invention has been devised to solve the problems of the prior art, and it is possible to repeatedly and continuously produce high-purity carbon dioxide of 99.5% or more, which cannot be produced by applying the existing carbon dioxide capture and production facilities alone, while minimizing the waste of electric power. The purpose is to provide a high-purity carbon dioxide production facility that combines TSA and VSA technologies.

A high-purity carbon dioxide production facility incorporating TSA and VSA technologies according to the present invention for solving the above problems includes: a supply tank in which carbon dioxide containing nitrogen and oxygen is stored; first, second, and third chambers receiving carbon dioxide containing nitrogen and oxygen from the supply tank and having molecular sieves for adsorbing carbon dioxide filled therein; a vacuum pump for generating a vacuum pressure to desorb carbon dioxide adsorbed on the molecular sieves of the first, second, and third chambers; a product tank in which carbon dioxide desorbed from the molecular sieve by the vacuum pressure of the vacuum pump is stored; A heater for heating the carbon dioxide provided from the product tank to a high temperature and then supplying it to the inside of the first, second, and third chambers; and a heater that is sequentially heated to a high temperature in the first, second, and third chambers one by one Carbon dioxide is supplied, and the vacuum pump desorbs carbon dioxide from the molecular sieve of the chamber by applying a vacuum pressure to the chamber to which carbon dioxide heated to a high temperature by the heater is supplied.

Here, nitrogen and oxygen supplied together with carbon dioxide to the first, second, and third chambers are sequentially discharged through a recycling line, and high-temperature carbon dioxide heated by the heater is currently supplied to a specific chamber and Nitrogen and oxygen are first evacuated from the chamber to which hot carbon dioxide will be supplied immediately afterward.

And, a carbon dioxide analyzer for analyzing the purity of carbon dioxide that is separated from the molecular sieve by the vacuum pressure of the vacuum pump and sent to the product tank; is configured to further include.

In addition, when the purity of the carbon dioxide analyzed by the carbon dioxide analyzer is less than a set purity, the carbon dioxide is transferred to the supply tank.

In addition, a compressor that pressurizes carbon dioxide containing nitrogen and oxygen to a certain pressure or higher to transfer and store the carbon dioxide in the supply tank; is configured to further include.

In addition, the heat exchanger for lowering the temperature of the carbon dioxide containing nitrogen and oxygen pressurized by the compressor; is configured to further include.

In addition, the chiller (Chiller) for cooling the heat exchanger; is configured to further include.

The high-purity carbon dioxide production facility incorporating the TSA and VSA technologies of the present invention configured as described above can not only produce high-purity carbon dioxide repeatedly and continuously without omitting the carbon dioxide purification and cooling liquefaction process, but also minimize the loss of carbon dioxide. there is an advantage

1 is a plan view of a high-purity carbon dioxide production facility incorporating TSA and VSA technologies according to the present invention.
Figure 2 is a front view of a high-purity carbon dioxide production facility incorporating TSA and VSA technology according to the present invention.
3 is a side view of a high-purity carbon dioxide production facility incorporating TSA and VSA technologies according to the present invention.
4A to 4C are diagrams showing one cycle of producing high-purity carbon dioxide using a high-purity carbon dioxide production facility that combines TSA and VSA technologies according to the present invention.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of a high-purity carbon dioxide production facility incorporating TSA and VSA technologies according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 is a plan view of a high-purity carbon dioxide production facility incorporating TSA and VSA technology according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a front view of a high-purity carbon dioxide production facility incorporating TSA and VSA technology according to the present invention, and FIG. It is a side view of a high-purity carbon dioxide production facility that combines TSA and VSA technologies by

The high-purity carbon dioxide production facility incorporating TSA and VSA technologies according to the present invention exchanges heat with a compressor (10) for pressurizing carbon dioxide containing nitrogen and oxygen, and carbon dioxide containing nitrogen and oxygen pressurized by the compressor (10) a heat exchanger 20 and a chiller 30 for cooling the heat exchanger 20; A supply tank 40 in which carbon dioxide containing nitrogen and oxygen is stored, and first, second, and third chambers 50, 60, and 70 receiving carbon dioxide containing nitrogen and oxygen from the supply tank 40; A vacuum pump 80 for sucking carbon dioxide in the first, second, and third chambers 50, 60, and 70, and a product tank 90 for storing carbon dioxide sucked by the vacuum pressure of the vacuum pump 80 and a carbon dioxide analyzer 100 for analyzing the purity of carbon dioxide sucked by the vacuum pump 80 and sent to the product tank 90; and a heater 110 for heating the carbon dioxide provided from the product tank 90 to a high temperature.

The compressor (10) is hollow fiber gas membrane separation, PSA (Pressure Swing Adsorption), TSA (Temperature Swing Adsorption), VSA (Vacuum Swing Adsorption), TPSA (Temperature & Pressure Swing Adsorption), VPSA (Vacuum & Pressure Swing) Adsorption) and the like, carbon dioxide having a purity less than a certain value produced by various techniques is pressurized to a certain pressure or higher, and stored and transferred to the supply tank 40 .

In more detail, the compressor 10 pressurizes carbon dioxide having a purity of 85% at a pressure of 7 to 8 bar or more and transfers it toward the heat exchanger 20 . Here, since the carbon dioxide pressurized by the compressor 10 has a purity of about 85%, the carbon dioxide contains a small amount of various gases including nitrogen and oxygen.

The heat exchanger 20 lowers the temperature of carbon dioxide containing nitrogen and oxygen pressurized by the compressor 10 . When carbon dioxide containing nitrogen and oxygen is pressurized by the compressor 10 to a pressure of 7 to 8 bar or more, the temperature increases, so the temperature is lowered by heat exchange through a heat exchanger.

The chiller 30 lowers the temperature of the heat exchanger 20 whose temperature is increased by continuously exchanging heat with carbon dioxide containing nitrogen and oxygen through cooling water.

The supply tank 40 is a tank in which carbon dioxide containing nitrogen and oxygen is stored, and as described above, carbon dioxide having a purity of about 85% is supplied to the inside through the heat exchanger 20 by the pressure of the compressor 10. .

The first, second, and third chambers 50, 60, and 70 are connected to the supply tank 40 through the supply line P1, and carbon dioxide containing nitrogen and oxygen from the supply tank 40 (that is, about 85% purity) of carbon dioxide). In other words, the first, second, and third chambers 50, 60, and 70 are installed in parallel and connected through the supply tank 40 and the supply line P1, but the supply line P1 is connected to the first, second, and third chambers ( 50, 60, and 70) respectively. Molecular sieves for selectively adsorbing only carbon dioxide are filled in the first, second, and third chambers 50 , 60 , and 70 .

Therefore, when carbon dioxide having a purity of about 85% is supplied to the inside of the first, second, and third chambers 50, 60, and 70 from the supply tank 40 through the supply line P1, the carbon dioxide stays for a certain period of time and the pores of the molecular sieve is adsorbed to

The vacuum pump 80 generates a vacuum pressure to desorb carbon dioxide adsorbed on the molecular sieves of the first, second, and third chambers 50 , 60 , and 70 . In other words, the lower ends of the first, second, and third chambers 50, 60, and 70 and the product tank 90 are connected to each other through a discharge line P2, and the vacuum pump 80 on this discharge line P2 is is installed and the vacuum pump 80 is operated, the carbon dioxide adsorbed on the molecular sieve inside the first, second, and third chambers 50, 60, and 70 is desorbed and supplied into the product tank 90.

The product tank 90 stores carbon dioxide desorbed from the molecular sieve by the vacuum pressure of the vacuum pump 80 . As will be described in more detail later, the carbon dioxide stored in the product tank 90 has a higher purity than the carbon dioxide supplied into the first, second, and third chambers 50, 60, and 70 through the supply tank 40, Carbon dioxide is supplied to the heater 110 in order to match the purity of the carbon dioxide set in the controller 120 .

The carbon dioxide analyzer 100 analyzes the purity of carbon dioxide that is desorbed from the molecular sieve by the vacuum pressure of the vacuum pump 80 and sent to the product tank 90 .

In this way, when the purity of the carbon dioxide analyzed by the carbon dioxide analyzer 100 is lower than the purity set in the controller 120, the carbon dioxide is transferred to the supply tank 40 through the bypass line P4, in more detail, the front of the compressor 10. and, when the purity of carbon dioxide is greater than or equal to the purity set in the control unit 120 , the carbon dioxide is supplied into the product tank 90 through the discharge line P2 .

The heater 110 heats the carbon dioxide provided from the product tank 90 to a high temperature and supplies it to the first, second, and third chambers 50 , 60 , and 70 to supply activation energy. When high-temperature carbon dioxide is supplied into the first, second, and third chambers 50, 60, and 70 in this way so that the temperature inside the first, second, and third chambers 50, 60, and 70 is 90° C. or higher, the first, When the carbon dioxide inside the second and third chambers 50, 60, and 70 is activated and the vacuum pump 80 operates, it is discharged to the outside through the discharge line P2.

On the other hand, the heater 110 does not supply high-temperature carbon dioxide to the first, second, and third chambers 50, 60, and 70 at the same time, but sequentially to the first, second, and third chambers 50, 60, and 70 one by one. Carbon dioxide heated to a high temperature is supplied.

Further, the vacuum pump 80 does not simultaneously apply vacuum pressure to the first, second, and third chambers 50 , 60 , and 70 , but only the chamber to which carbon dioxide heated to a high temperature by the heater 110 is supplied. to desorb carbon dioxide only from the molecular sieve in the chamber to which vacuum pressure is applied.

In addition, nitrogen and oxygen supplied together with carbon dioxide to the first, second, and third chambers 50, 60, and 70 are discharged to the outside through the recycling line P3, at this time, nitrogen and oxygen in the first chamber 50 , the nitrogen and oxygen in the second chamber 60 and the nitrogen and oxygen in the third chamber 70 are not simultaneously discharged out of the first, second, and third chambers 50, 60, and 70, but rather through the recycling line P3 are released sequentially through

In other words, the high-temperature carbon dioxide heated by the heater 110 is discharged first from the chamber to be supplied immediately. That is, when the high-temperature carbon dioxide heated by the heater 110 is currently being supplied to a specific chamber, nitrogen and oxygen are first discharged from the chamber to which the high-temperature carbon dioxide is to be supplied immediately thereafter.

Understanding the present invention by explaining the operation process of the high-purity carbon dioxide production facility incorporating the TSA and VSA technologies according to the present invention configured as above in three steps (Step 1, Step 2, Step 3) with reference to FIGS. 4A to 4C to help

4A to 4C are diagrams illustrating one cycle of producing high-purity carbon dioxide using a high-purity carbon dioxide production facility incorporating TSA and VSA technologies according to the present invention.

First, step 1 (FIG. 4a) is described, after the carbon dioxide having a purity of 85% (the purity is 85% and contains a small amount of oxygen and nitrogen) is pressurized to a high pressure through the compressor 10 and then through the heat exchanger 20 It is supplied into the supply tank (40).

The carbon dioxide in the supply tank 40 is transferred into the first chamber 50 through the supply line P1 and then is adsorbed to the molecular sieve inside the first chamber 50 while staying for about 4 to 6 hours. At this time, nitrogen and oxygen not adsorbed to the molecular sieve are discharged to the outside through the recycling line P3.

A portion of carbon dioxide having a purity of 85% stored in the supply tank 40 into the second chamber 60 is supplied through the supply line P1 so as to have the same pressure as the internal pressure of the first chamber 50 from which nitrogen and oxygen are discharged. do.

Meanwhile, when these processes are performed in the first chamber 50 and the second chamber 60 , the high-purity carbon dioxide supplied from the product tank 90 is heated by the heater 110 and then into the third chamber 70 . As a result, the temperature inside the third chamber 70 becomes 90°C or higher. is in a state of being)

When the carbon dioxide adsorbed to the molecular sieve of the third chamber 70 is sufficiently activated by the temperature heated to 90° C. or higher, the vacuum pump 80 is operated for a predetermined time to remove carbon dioxide from the molecular sieve of the third chamber 70 . After desorption, high-purity carbon dioxide is primarily produced by transferring and storing the product into the product tank 90 .

Here, the entire high-purity carbon dioxide that flows through the discharge line P2 and is guided to the product tank 90 does not flow into the product tank 90, but is analyzed by the carbon dioxide analyzer 100 and the purity value set in the control unit 120 Phosphorus is supplied to the product tank 90 only when it has a purity of 99.5% or more, and when it is less than 99.5%, it is supplied to the front line of the compressor 10 through the bypass line P4.

After the production of high-purity carbon dioxide is completed in this way, a small amount of high-purity carbon dioxide, more specifically, about 13 to 15% of the first-produced high-purity carbon dioxide is supplied from the product tank 90 and then heated with the heater 110 Then, the carbon dioxide is supplied back into the chamber from which carbon dioxide has been desorbed, that is, the third chamber 70 just before, and nitrogen or oxygen that may remain in the chamber, that is, the third chamber 70, is transferred to the front line of the compressor 10. push out

And, after the above process is completed, the valve provided in the third chamber 70 is opened to reduce the pressure inside the third chamber 70 to the atmospheric pressure level.

Next, step 2 (FIG. 4b), which is a process following step 1, will be described. After the carbon dioxide having a purity of 85% stored in the supply tank 40 is transferred into the second chamber 60 through the supply line P1, It is adsorbed to the molecular sieve inside the second chamber 60 while staying for about 4 to 6 hours. At this time, nitrogen and oxygen not adsorbed to the molecular sieve are discharged to the outside through the recycling line P3.

A portion of carbon dioxide having a purity of 85% stored in the supply tank 40 into the third chamber 70 is supplied through the supply line P1 so as to have the same pressure as the internal pressure of the second chamber 60 from which nitrogen and oxygen are discharged. do.

On the other hand, when these processes are performed in the second chamber 60 and the third chamber 70 , the high-purity carbon dioxide supplied from the product tank 90 is heated by the heater 110 and then into the first chamber 50 . It is supplied so that the temperature inside the first chamber 50 is 90° C. or higher.

When the carbon dioxide adsorbed on the molecular sieve of the first chamber 50 is sufficiently activated by the temperature heated to 90° C. or higher, the vacuum pump 80 is operated for a predetermined time to remove carbon dioxide from the molecular sieve of the first chamber 50 . After desorption, high-purity carbon dioxide is primarily produced by transferring it into the product tank 90 .

Here, the entire high-purity carbon dioxide that flows through the discharge line P2 and is guided to the product tank 90 does not flow into the product tank 90, but is analyzed by the carbon dioxide analyzer 100 and the purity value set in the control unit 120 Phosphorus is supplied to the product tank 90 only when it has a purity of 99.5% or more, and when it is less than 99.5%, it is supplied to the front line of the compressor 10 through the bypass line P4.

After the production of high-purity carbon dioxide is completed in this way, a small amount of high-purity carbon dioxide, more specifically, about 13 to 15% of the first-produced high-purity carbon dioxide is supplied from the product tank 90 and then heated with the heater 110 Then, it is supplied back into the first chamber 50 to push nitrogen or oxygen that may remain in the first chamber 50 to the front line of the compressor 10 .

And, after the above process is completed, the valve provided in the first chamber 50 is opened to depressurize the inside of the first chamber 50 to the atmospheric pressure level.

Next, step 3 (FIG. 4c), which is a process following step 2, will be described. After the carbon dioxide having a purity of 85% stored in the supply tank 40 is transferred into the third chamber 70 through the supply line P1, It is adsorbed to the molecular sieve inside the third chamber 70 while staying for about 4 to 6 hours. At this time, nitrogen and oxygen not adsorbed to the molecular sieve are discharged to the outside through the recycling line P3.

A portion of carbon dioxide having a purity of 85% stored in the supply tank 40 is supplied through the supply line P1 into the first chamber 50 so as to be at the same pressure as the internal pressure of the third chamber 70 from which nitrogen and oxygen are discharged. do.

On the other hand, when these processes are performed in the third chamber 70 and the first chamber 50 , the high-purity carbon dioxide supplied from the product tank 90 is heated by the heater 110 and then into the second chamber 60 . It is supplied so that the temperature inside the second chamber 60 is 90° C. or higher.

When the carbon dioxide adsorbed on the molecular sieve of the second chamber 60 is sufficiently activated by the temperature heated to 90° C. or higher, the vacuum pump 80 is operated for a predetermined time to remove carbon dioxide from the molecular sieve of the second chamber 60 . After desorption, high-purity carbon dioxide is primarily produced by transferring it into the product tank 90 .

Here, the entire high-purity carbon dioxide that flows through the discharge line P2 and is guided to the product tank 90 does not flow into the product tank 90, but is analyzed by the carbon dioxide analyzer 100 and the purity value set in the control unit 120 Phosphorus is supplied to the product tank 90 only when it has a purity of 99.5% or more, and when it is less than 99.5%, it is supplied to the front line of the compressor 10 through the bypass line P4.

After the production of high-purity carbon dioxide is completed in this way, a small amount of high-purity carbon dioxide, more specifically, about 13 to 15% of the first-produced high-purity carbon dioxide is supplied from the product tank 90 and then heated with the heater 110 Then, it is supplied back into the second chamber 60 to push nitrogen or oxygen that may remain in the second chamber 60 to the front line of the compressor 10 .

And, after the above process is completed, the valve provided in the second chamber 60 is opened to reduce the pressure inside the second chamber 60 to the atmospheric pressure level.

In the present invention, high-purity carbon dioxide is repeatedly and continuously produced by performing Step 1, Step 2, and Step 3 as one cycle.

10: compressor 20: heat exchanger
30: chiller 40: supply tank
50: first chamber 60: second chamber
70: third chamber 80: vacuum pump
90: product tank 100: carbon dioxide analyzer
110: heater 120: control unit
P1: supply line P2: discharge line
P3: recycling line P4: bypass line

Claims (7)

a compressor 10 for pressurizing carbon dioxide containing nitrogen and oxygen; a heat exchanger 20 for lowering the temperature of carbon dioxide containing nitrogen and oxygen pressurized by the compressor 10; a chiller (30) for cooling the heat exchanger (20); a supply tank 40 in which carbon dioxide containing nitrogen and oxygen is stored; first, second, and third chambers (50, 60, 70) in which a molecular sieve for receiving carbon dioxide containing nitrogen and oxygen from the supply tank 40 and adsorbing carbon dioxide is filled therein; a vacuum pump 80 for generating a vacuum pressure to desorb carbon dioxide adsorbed on the molecular sieves of the first, second, and third chambers (50, 60, 70); a product tank 90 for storing carbon dioxide desorbed from the molecular sieve by the vacuum pressure of the vacuum pump 80; a carbon dioxide analyzer 100 for analyzing the purity of carbon dioxide that is desorbed from the molecular sieve by the vacuum pressure of the vacuum pump 80 and sent to the product tank 90; and a heater 110 that heats the carbon dioxide provided from the product tank 90 to a high temperature and supplies it to the first, second, and third chambers 50, 60, and 70;
The heater 110 sequentially supplies carbon dioxide heated to a high temperature one by one to the first, second, and third chambers 50 , 60 , and 70 , and the vacuum pump 80 is heated to a high temperature by the heater 110 . By applying a vacuum pressure to the chamber to which the carbon dioxide is supplied, the carbon dioxide is desorbed from the molecular sieve of the chamber so that the desorbed carbon dioxide is stored in the product tank 90, but 13 to 15% of the carbon dioxide stored in the product tank 90 is provided and heated by the heater 110, and then supplied back to the chamber from which carbon dioxide has been desorbed immediately before pushing out the nitrogen or oxygen remaining in the chamber to the front line of the compressor 10,
Nitrogen and oxygen supplied together with carbon dioxide to the first, second, and third chambers 50, 60, and 70 are sequentially discharged through a recycling line (P3), and the high temperature heated by the heater 110 is A high-purity carbon dioxide production facility that combines TSA and VSA technologies, characterized in that nitrogen and oxygen are first discharged from the chamber to which high-temperature carbon dioxide is to be supplied immediately after carbon dioxide is currently being supplied to a specific chamber.
delete delete The method according to claim 1,
When the purity of the carbon dioxide analyzed by the carbon dioxide analyzer 100 is less than the set purity, the carbon dioxide is transferred to the supply tank 40. A high-purity carbon dioxide production facility combining TSA and VSA technologies. delete delete delete

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