KR102403654B1 - ventilator for mammal - Google Patents

Abstract

An air pump that receives and supplies air from the outside, an air tank that can receive and store air from the air pump, a valve connected between the air pump and the air tank, and an animal lung that receives air from the valve or air tank Disclosed is an animal ventilator comprising an intubation tube that can be inserted into the airway of an animal to supply to the ventilator.
The animal ventilator according to the present invention can provide general-purpose and effective artificial respiration for relatively large animals such as ruminants without much dependence on the type and size, and has a simple configuration and can be used at low cost. It can be manufactured and used conveniently.

Description

Ventilator for animals

The present invention relates to a ventilator for animals, and more particularly, to a ventilator for animals that uses an airway intubation method and can increase ventilation efficiency to enable manual ventilation for large animals.

Many animals die from respiratory failure due to disease or accidents. In addition, among livestock or zoo animals, apnea and respiratory difficulty due to a decrease in nerve function due to anesthesia occur in a number of cases where death occurs.

In order to reduce the mortality rate of animals when breathing is difficult due to various causes such as diseases, accidents, or anesthesia, artificial respiration that artificially maintains breathing is required for animals as well as humans.

In particular, considering the recent strengthening of animal research ethics and animal welfare, emergency treatment such as appropriate artificial respiration is more required in an emergency such as an overdose, and its utility is expected to increase.

Artificial respiration can be divided into artificial respiration, which compresses the chest without a separate device or breathes through the mouth and nose, and artificial respiration using a ventilator. It may be possible to perform artificial respiration by inserting or compressing the chest, but for example, ruminants such as cattle, deer, elk, giraffe, and sheep are larger than most companion animals, and the anatomy of the respiratory system is different from that of humans. Chest compression-type ventilation, such as that of

To explain this further, when an animal with a thorax or a functional diaphragm reaches a state of respiratory muscle paralysis due to hyperanaesthesia, etc., positive pressure in the thoracic cavity is generated and in many cases it is impossible to inflate the lungs with a human hand. In the case of animals (deer, wild boar, etc.), the chest compression method applied to humans and other small animals is meaningless because the strength of the sternum is high, so pressure alone does not compress the lungs. It is difficult to effectively apply in an emergency situation because it inflates the stomach and causes adverse effects.

Therefore, although the ventilator becomes an essential tool for performing artificial respiration, even when a ventilator is used, the ventilator used for humans and small companion animals is similar to that of these animals because the anatomy of the respiratory system is different from that of humans. There is a problem that it is difficult to apply to animals. In addition, since the anatomical structure of the respiratory tract is different depending on the type and size of the animal, it is difficult to manufacture an applicable ventilator regardless of the type and size of the animal.

In addition, the conventional professional respirator for animals is not widely distributed because its structure is complicated and cost is high. Due to this, there is a problem in that it is difficult to use because it is quickly moved to the site where the animals are. For example, in the case of wild ruminants, anesthesia is essential to track and capture animals in natural ecosystems or to study physiological and ecological characteristics once caught. In order to cope with the situation, it is difficult to use the existing professional large animal ventilator in a timely manner.

In relation to artificial respiration, FIG. 1 discloses an ambubag device that is widely used as a conventional simple breathing apparatus. Such devices include a face mask (10), mask inflation valve (15), pressure relief valve (17), ambu bag (20), and oxygen storage bag (30) that are worn on the human mouth and nose, etc. , and an oxygen tube 40, etc., when the ambu bag is pressed, about 500cc of air corresponding to a tidal volume is supplied to the mask side, and when the hand is released, the oxygen tube or oxygen storage bag is released by the restoring elasticity of the ambu bag Fresh air flows into the ambu bag and fills it.

However, an ambu bag as shown in FIG. 1 is an auxiliary device for supplying air or high concentration of oxygen to a subject with shallow breathing, which is not a ventilator in the strict sense for an animal that has completely lost respiration (apnea). , even when using an ambu bag, a person uses the physical force (grip force) of one or both hands. It is difficult to use and, therefore, is an intermittent and short-term means of oxygenation and is not suitable for use as a long-term continuous ventilator.

In addition, in the case of the ambubag, it can supply up to 2 liters of air at a time, which may be an adequate amount for humans, but is a very insufficient capacity for large ruminants such as deer, giraffes and cattle.

Korean Patent Application 10-2013-0098365 Republic of Korea Patent 10-1856992 Republic of Korea Patent 10-1341353 Republic of Korea Patent Registration 10-2040815

The present invention is to solve the problems of the prior art, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a ventilator that can be used universally and effectively without much dependence on the type and size for relatively large animals such as ruminants do it with

An object of the present invention is to provide a ventilator that has a relatively simple configuration, can be easily manufactured at low cost, and is easily manufactured and used simply.

An object of the present invention is to provide a respirator that has a relatively simple configuration and can be easily carried, transported, and used.

The animal ventilator of the present invention for achieving the above object includes an air pump for receiving and supplying air from the outside, an air tank for receiving and storing air from the air pump, and a valve connected between the air pump and the air tank and an intubation tube that can be inserted into the airway of an animal to receive air from a valve or an air tank and supply it to the lungs of the animal.

In the present invention, a three-way valve may be used as a valve between the air pump and the air tank, and one side of the three-way valve may be connected to the intubation tube to be used.

At this time, one of the intubation tube and the three-way valve may be connected by a separate tube body, for example, a rubber tube, and the tube body may be provided with an opening/closing and flow rate control means such as a control valve.

In the present invention, the intubation tube may be provided with a fixing band that can help to fix the intubation tube to the animal.

In the present invention, a pressure gauge may be installed in the air tank or a pipe body or a connecting pipe directly connected thereto.

In the present invention, a separate passage and valve are installed in the air tank in addition to the passage connected to the valve toward the air pump, so that the intubation tube or a separate tube body connected to the intubation tube may be connected.

In the present invention, the air pump has a cylinder and a piston that operates manually, and an air outlet and an air inlet passage configured to have a shut-off valve or a diaphragm valve on the blocked end side of the cylinder so that air flow can be made only to one side may be installed. have.

At this time, a recovery spring is coupled to the manual piston, and this recovery spring moves the piston from a narrowed position to a widened position in the cylinder, and is compressed in the opposite movement of the piston to accumulate elastic energy. ,

In this case, the piston may have a lever part that can be moved by applying force to the outside of the cylinder by hand or foot, and the cylinder body may be provided with a fixed support that can be fixed to the ground or other places where the air pump is installed. have.

At this time, the lever can have a lever structure to make it easy to operate by hand, and when operating with the foot, it has a footrest structure that is easy to step on with the foot to prevent slipping, and a structure such as a rough surface or a chin to prevent slipping can do.

In the present invention, the air supply amount is sensed on the air supply path from the air tank or valve to the lungs, and when a predetermined or set one-time supply amount is reached, the supply is stopped, and the air supply is automatically resumed after a predetermined period of time, and the air supply and An automatic feeder with adjustable interruption may be installed.

At this time, on the automatic supply device or path, an exhalation release structure or a safety valve for preventing the pressure of the air supplied to the lungs from becoming excessively high, a control valve capable of finely adjusting the amount of supplied air, etc. may be provided.

According to the present invention, it is possible to provide universal and effective artificial respiration for relatively large animals such as ruminants without much dependence on the type and size thereof.

The ventilator according to the present invention has a simple configuration and can be manufactured at low cost and can be used conveniently.

The ventilator according to the present invention has a simple configuration and can be easily carried, transported, and used.

1 is a side view showing the configuration of an ambu bag, which is a conventional artificial respiration aid;
2 is a schematic structural diagram showing a ventilator according to an embodiment of the present invention;
3 is a conceptual explanatory diagram for further explaining the operation concept of the air pump part of the ventilator in one embodiment of the present invention;
4 is a schematic structural diagram showing a ventilator according to another embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail through specific examples with reference to the drawings.

2 is a schematic structural diagram showing a ventilator according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In this embodiment, the ventilator is a manually operated manual air pump 140, a small air tank 150 that can compress air, an air pressure gauge 154 that can indicate the pressure of the air tank, an air tank, and air A three-way valve 130 having a three-way branch connected to the pump and the intubation tube 110, respectively, a rubber tube 120 as a separate tube connecting the intubation tube and the three-way valve, and located in the rubber tube and intubation tube connection part It is made by providing a fine control valve (123).

2 and 3, the manual air pump 140 has a cylinder 148 having a closing wall 145 on one side and a piston installation wall 146 on the other side to constitute a space therein, and a closing wall A piston body 161 that is movable in the cylinder space while forming a wall covering the air chamber 149 together with the side walls of the cylinder 148 and the sidewall of the cylinder 148 to change the volume of the air chamber, the piston body 161 and The piston lever 164 on the outside of the cylinder 148 is connected and fixed, and the rod 163 that can move through the piston installation hole in the piston installation wall 146 is installed around the rod and the piston lever 164 and the piston It is made by providing a compression coil-type restoration spring 169 that is limitedly positioned between the installation walls 146 .

On the outer surface of the closing wall 145 of the manual air pump 140, a fixing support 170 is installed so that the manual air pump can be fixed to the ground or other decks on which the air pump is placed to manually move the piston 160. When the cylinder 148 corresponding to the air pump body can be stably fixed, the inflow of air into the air chamber 149 or the outflow of air to the outside can be made smoothly through this stable fixing.

An air inlet passage 143 and an air outlet passage 141 are installed on a part of the side wall of the cylinder 148 close to the closing wall 145 . Shut-off valves 142 and 144 or diaphragm valves are installed in these passages to allow air flow to only one side. That is, when the expansion operation of moving the piston lever 164 upward by the external force and the restoring force of the restoring spring is performed, the volume of the air chamber 149 is increased and the air pressure in the air chamber 149 is reduced, the air outlet passage 141 is blocked by the diaphragm of the shut-off valve 142, and external air is introduced only through the air inlet passage 143 to fill the air chamber. Conversely, when the compression operation of moving the piston lever 164 downwards is performed, the restoration spring 169 is compressed, and the volume of the air chamber 149 is reduced while the air in the air chamber is compressed and the air pressure is increased. The passage 143 is blocked by the diaphragm of the shut-off valve 144 , and the air outlet passage 141 is opened so that the air inside the air chamber flows out toward the three-way valve 130 only through the air outlet passage 141 .

Referring to Figure 3, the piston lever 164 of the air pump may be provided with a footrest 168 so that it can be operated by stepping on it, and the footrest 168 is provided with an anti-slip treatment to prevent the foot from slipping during pumping. Also, when the piston lever 164 is operated by hand, a bar coupling part 167 is installed on one side of the piston lever 164 to facilitate the operation, so that a lever auxiliary rod may be further coupled and installed.

In order to use the piston lever 164 in a lever manner, there is a first coupling part 165 provided with a coupling hole on the other side of the piston lever 164, and the piston of the cylinder through this coupling hole and a separate fixing pin 147 The installation wall 146 may be rotatably coupled to the hole 146b installed in the protruding portion 146a on one side, and the second coupling portion 166 to which the rod 163 and the piston lever 164 are coupled is also coupled. The rod 163 and the piston lever 164 are rotatably connected through a pin, and at least one of the first coupling part 165 and the second coupling part 166 is provided with an elastic body or a moving rail to have play or fluidity. can be hired In this case, if the lever auxiliary rod 170 is coupled to one side of the piston lever 164 and moves up and down as if pumping, the second coupling part 166, which becomes the point of action of the lever, through the rod 163, the piston body ( By moving 161 , air compression and air intake can be made in the air chamber 149 .

Looking at the operation and function of the three-way valve 130 and the air tank 150,

First, when the three-way valve 130 is adjusted so that the outflow air of the air pump 140 directly flows through the rubber tube 120 to the intubation tube 110 , according to the compression operation of the air pump 140 , the intubation tube Air, that is, oxygen is supplied to the animal's lungs through the animal's airway into which 110 is inserted, and the lungs expand. In the expansion operation of the air pump 140, the air outlet passage 141 is blocked by the diaphragm, so the air flow from the three-way valve 130 side to the air pump 140 is not made, and the lungs are not expanded due to the elasticity of the human body. As it is restored, the air in the lungs moves toward the three-way valve 130 in the form of exhalation. In at least one of the externally exposed parts forming the air passage, such as the externally exposed part of the intubation tube, the rubber tube, and the three-way valve, when air flows in the lung direction, the passage is opened, and when the air flows in the opposite direction, the passage is closed and interlocked. A valve or a diaphragm for exhalation that opens the discharge port leading to the A relief valve or a safety valve may be installed on the air path from the air pump 140 to the lungs to prevent excessive pressure from being applied. Since the above-mentioned structure for exhalation is already installed and used in an existing ventilator or assistive device, a more detailed description will be omitted.

Second, when the three-way valve 130 is adjusted so that the outflow air from the air pump 140 flows to the air tank 150 , the air flowing out from the air pump 140 according to the compression operation of the air pump 140 is It is stored in the air tank (150). In the expansion operation of the air pump 140 , the air outlet passage 141 is blocked by the diaphragm, so that the air flow from the three-way valve 130 side to the air tank 150 is not made, so there is no inflow or outflow of air in the air tank 150 . The internal pressure is maintained. A pressure gauge 154 is installed in the passage portion of the air tank 150 to which the three-way valve 130 is connected to display the pressure inside the air tank 150, and when the pressure exceeds a certain level, the air tank for artificial respiration When 150 is used, or a problem may occur in the durability and risk of the air tank, the air may be automatically discharged through a safety valve (not shown), and at this time, a warning sound that the user can understand may be generated.

If the air in the air tank 150 is sufficient, the three-way valve 130 can be adjusted so that the air tank 150 and the intubation tube 110 are connected from the beginning without using the air pump 140 when using the ventilator. . In this case, the air is supplied while controlling the amount of air supplied at one time to prevent too much air from entering the animal's lungs. When an appropriate one-time supply is supplied, the supply is temporarily stopped by adjusting the three-way valve 130 or a valve on another air supply path, and exhaled air flows out of the inflated lungs to be discharged to the outside. In this way, it repeats periodically supplying air to the lungs and expelling air from the lungs. In this case, of course, the structure for exhalation release on the air release path mentioned above may be used.

In this configuration, the air supply amount of the air tank is sensed on the air supply path from the air tank 150 to the lungs, the supply is stopped when the predetermined one-time supply amount is reached, and it is detected that the pressure in the lungs is sufficiently small after a predetermined period of time or To automatically resume the air supply, an automatic supply device that can control supply and interruption may be installed, and preferably, this automatic supply device 125 may be configured to have a structure for exhalation release and a fine air control valve built-in. .

The automatic supply device 125 may be formed using a known flow meter such as a mass flow meter, a timer, or an automatic valve. The timer is activated by an electric signal and the automatic valve changes the open/close status to closed for a certain or set period of time. can be formed by the configuration of measuring so as to be a constant flow rate from the initial state. In addition, such an automatic supply device may be driven by a battery power that can be charged and discharged.

On the other hand, if there is such an automatic supply device 125, the three-way valve 130 may be adjusted so that all of the air tank 150, the air pump 140, and the rubber tube 120 are connected. In this case, part of the air flowing out from the air chamber according to the operation of the piston 160 of the air pump 140 is supplied to the lungs of the animal through the rubber tube 120 , and part of the air is stored in the air tank 150 while being stored in the air tank 150 . ) can be used to increase the pressure, and an insufficient amount of air by the air pump 140 can be secured by using the air already stored in the air tank 150 .

In this configuration, by performing artificial respiration using the air stored in the air tank 150 initially, the user can start artificial respiration without operation of the air pump while the user is initially taking action to clean up the surroundings or completely install the ventilator, By frequently storing excess air into the air tank 150 through the operation of the air pump 140, the air stored in the air tank 150 is used even when the operation of the air pump 140 is stopped for another operation for a while during artificial respiration. This allows artificial respiration to continue.

When the pressure of the air tank 150 is low and sufficient ventilation air cannot be supplied, the ventilator user may be alerted to operate the manual air pump 140 through a sensor device coupled with the pressure gauge 153 .

Referring to FIG. 4 , a separate passage 152 may be further installed and operated in the air tank 150 in addition to the passage connecting the air tank 150 and the air pump 140 . In this case, instead of connecting the intubation tube 110 and the rubber tube 120 to one branch 130c of the three-way valve 130 of the previous embodiment, the branch 130c is closed or the valve is simply air-conditioned as shown. It can be replaced with a valve connecting the pump and the air tank and connected to this separate passage. This operation can be performed when artificial respiration is urgently needed, and the amount of air in the air tank 150 is sufficient. In this case, it may have the effect of reducing the installation and operation time of the ventilator. Of course, even in this configuration, the automatic air supply device 125 mentioned in the previous embodiment may be installed and used, and applicable configurations may be applied in the same manner.

The tube fixing band 115 is installed on the part exposed to the outside of the intubation tube 110, and it can also be achieved by simply fixing a rubber band to a part of the intubation tube, and a mask and a mask strap to cover the mouth and nose of the animal. It can also be made in the form Even when the intubation tube is intubated and fixed in the animal's airway, the tube can be pulled out naturally by external force or posture, and can be inserted deeper to an inappropriate position. can prevent

In some locations of the intubation tube, for example, around the location where the tube fixing band 115 is installed, a light bracket 117 may be installed to illuminate the airway entrance during airway intubation, thereby conducive to accurate and rapid airway intubation. can do.

The configuration of the intubation tube may have the same principle and shape as that of the human intubation tube. For example, the end of the intubation tube may simply be fixed to the airway or fixed to the bronchus in terms of location, and as a fixing means, an air chamber 113 such as a small balloon that can be fixed to fill the airway by expanding outward around the end to be inserted. ) can be used by forming a structure.

However, the length of the intubation tube may vary depending on the species, such as deer and elk, or growth conditions such as adults and sub-adults of each species in consideration of the characteristics of the animal to be resuscitated. The widest tube among them can be used or it can be manufactured separately.

Some of the components of the ventilator set constituting this embodiment may be used without being coupled depending on the situation, but it is suitable for performing efficient and stable ventilation if the whole is coupled.

According to the present invention, when a situation in which a user must continuously compress air occurs, the user can alternately use his/her hands and feet due to the unique configuration of the air pump, and the movement of the pump that may occur during air compression is located at the lower end of the air pump. In the case of installing a fixed support as a ground connection fixing device for minimizing

In the above, the present invention has been described through limited examples, but these are only illustratively described to help the understanding of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to these specific examples.

Accordingly, those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention pertains will be able to make various changes or application examples based on the present invention, and it is natural that such modifications or application examples belong to the appended claims.

110: intubation tube 113: air chamber
115: tube fixing band 117: light bracket
120: rubber tube 123: fine control valve
125: automatic feeder 130: three-way valve
140: air pump 141: air outlet passage
142, 144: shut-off valve 143: air inlet passage
145: finishing wall 146: piston installation wall
147: fixing pin 148: cylinder
149: air chamber 150: air tank
153: pressure gauge 160: piston
161: piston body 163: rod
164: piston lever 165: first coupling portion
166: second coupling part 168: footrest
169: restoration spring 170: fixed support

Claims (8)

delete An air pump that receives and supplies air from the outside;
an air tank capable of receiving and storing air supplied from the air pump;
a valve connected between the air pump and the air tank;
and an intubation tube that can be inserted into the airway of an animal to receive air from the valve or the air tank and supply it to the lungs of the animal,
The valve is a three-way valve, and one side of the three-way valve is connected to the intubation tube for use. 3. The method of claim 2,
The intubation tube and one side of the three-way valve are connected by a separate tube, and an air flow control means is provided in the tube. 3. The method of claim 2,
The intubation tube is provided with a tube fixing band that can help fix the intubation tube to the animal and a light that can illuminate the airway,
An animal ventilator, characterized in that a pressure gauge is installed in the air tank or a pipe or a connecting pipe directly connected to the air tank. 3. The method of claim 2,
The air tank is provided with a separate passage in addition to the passage connected to the air pump, and is connected to the intubation tube through the separate passage. 6. The method according to claim 2 or 5,
The air pump is a manual air pump having a piston that can be driven by both hands and feet of a user, has a fixed support that can be fixed to a place where the air pump is installed, and moves the piston from one position to another. An elastic body for restoring to the one position when operating,
The piston is provided with a footrest for use when stepping on it, and a lever structure for reducing force when operated by hand is provided. 6. The method according to claim 2 or 5,
By sensing the air supply amount on the air supply path from the air tank or the valve to the lungs, the supply is stopped when the predetermined one-time supply amount is reached, and the air supply is automatically resumed after a predetermined period of time to control the air supply and interruption. A ventilator for animals, characterized in that an automatic feeding device is installed. 6. The method according to claim 2 or 5,
The animal is a ventilator for animals, characterized in that it is a ruminant.

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