KR102402085B1 - High voltage distributing board, low voltage distributing board, motor control board, distributing board having preventing and diagnosing of deterioration - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a distribution board (high voltage panel, low voltage panel, motor control panel, distribution panel) equipped with deterioration diagnosis and prevention functions and, more specifically, to a distribution board (high voltage panel, low voltage panel, motor control panel, distribution panel) equipped with deterioration diagnosis and prevention functions, which can predict and diagnose the generation of deterioration using an infrared array image sensor for detecting an abnormal temperature, a gas sensor for detecting carbon monoxide (CO)/carbon dioxide (CO_2), an AA sensor for detecting corona discharge, and an arc sensor for detecting arc and flame. The distribution board (high voltage panel, low voltage panel, motor control panel, distribution panel) equipped with deterioration diagnosis and prevention functions comprises: a deterioration detection device installed in the distribution board; an infrared array image sensor unit which includes a deterioration diagnosis device for diagnosing deterioration based on a signal detected from the deterioration detection device and a fire extinguishing device for extinguishing a fire according to a diagnosis result of the deterioration diagnosis device, wherein the deterioration detection device detects a temperature value; a gas sensor unit for detecting concentration values of carbon monoxide (CO) and carbon dioxide (CO2); an AA sensor unit for detecting an ultrasonic sound signal by corona discharge; and an arc sensor unit for detecting an arc or flame signal.

Description

Switchgear with deterioration diagnosis and prevention functions (high voltage panel, low voltage panel, motor control panel, distribution panel)

The present invention relates to a switchboard (high-pressure board, low-pressure board, motor control board, and distribution board) equipped with a deterioration diagnosis and prevention function, and more particularly, an infrared array image sensor for detecting abnormal temperature, carbon monoxide (CO) / carbon dioxide (CO) ₂ ) Predict and diagnose the occurrence of deterioration through a gas sensor that detects ), an AA sensor that detects corona discharge, and an arc sensor that detects arcs and sparks. It is related to a switchboard (high voltage panel, low pressure panel, motor control panel, distribution panel) equipped with deterioration diagnosis and prevention functions that are divided into stages and suppress a fire through a fire extinguishing device in case of fire.

In general, in large buildings such as public buildings or industrial buildings, control facilities such as a large number of high-voltage switchgear, low-voltage switchboard, distribution board, and motor control panel are provided to manage power inside and outside the building and within the area. In the case of these control facilities, a safety device that allows only authorized managers to access the control facility, a training tool that helps to perform work quickly, safely and efficiently, and real-time monitoring of the overall work situation The development of new systems and procedures to enable recording and storage was required.

In particular, in control facilities such as high-voltage switchgear, low-voltage switchgear, distribution board, and motor control panel, an unsafe factor such as excessive heat due to a large load or a sudden change in internal temperature beyond the reference value may occur at any time. Therefore, it is essential that the control equipment be equipped with a safety management device to quickly notify the manager or the management server of the occurrence of unsafe factors.

Among the occurrence situations of the above unsafe factors, deterioration is caused by various causes, and electrical fires that are deterioration are short circuit due to contact between exposed charging parts, short circuit, electric leakage, poor connection in the connection part, and heat due to the growth of oxides in the connection part, It is caused by insulation breakdown (tracking, etc.) due to deterioration of the insulation between electrodes, breakage due to burnout and cutting due to mechanical fatigue of stranded wire, explosion due to static electricity, movement of ions in electronic circuits such as PCB, lightning, etc. That is, the risk of fire increases due to overcurrent when the current is rapidly increased due to the cause of deterioration, sudden rise in temperature due to deterioration, and sudden rise in leakage current due to leakage current.

As a technology for monitoring the deterioration of the switchboard, a diagnostic system for monitoring the deterioration of the ultraviolet arc of the switchboard is disclosed in Korean Patent Registration No. 10-1575228.

In addition, Korean Patent No. 10-2130435 discloses a switchboard equipped with an electrical deterioration monitoring system.

However, since the conventional deterioration monitoring system including the above technology detects the occurrence of deterioration by detecting gas, temperature, arc, etc. from a plurality of detection sensors, the system for detecting deterioration is complicated and the detection performance is also insufficient. Reliability is lowered due to frequent malfunctions caused by the control system composed of In addition, when deterioration is sensed through a single sensor, since only the detected information has to be relied on, the reliability of the determined result has a problem in that the overall analysis of the components determined as the deterioration factor is insufficient, and the reliability of the result is lowered.

Registered Patent Publication No. 10-1575228 (2015. 12. 01.) Registered Patent Publication No. 10-2130435 (2020. 06. 30.)

The present invention has been devised to solve the above problems, and the problem to be solved in the present invention is from an infrared array image sensor that can detect temperature in a wide area, a gas sensor, an AA sensor, and an arc sensor that detects arcs and flames. To provide a switchboard (high-pressure board, low-voltage board, motor control board, distribution board) equipped with a degradation diagnosis and prevention function that can comprehensively detect the degradation of the switchboard by configuring the degradation diagnosis device to analyze and judge based on the detected signal have.

In accordance with the present invention for solving the above problems, a switchboard (high voltage board, low pressure board, motor control board, and distribution board) equipped with a deterioration diagnosis and prevention function includes a deterioration detection device installed in the switchboard; an infrared array for detecting a temperature value; image sensor unit; a gas sensor unit for detecting concentration values of carbon monoxide (CO) and carbon dioxide (CO2); AA sensor unit for detecting an acoustic signal due to corona discharge; and an arc sensor for detecting arc and flame signals.

Here, the infrared array image sensor unit includes a condensing lens for condensing the light emitted from the target area; an IR filter that transmits light in an infrared region among the light collected by the condensing lens; an IR detector for outputting infrared filtered by the IR filter as an electrical signal; an amplifier amplifying the electrical signal output from the IR detector; ADC for converting the analog signal of the electric signal amplified by the amplifier into a digital signal; a processing module for linearizing, correcting and outputting the digital signal output from the ADC; and an output module for transmitting a digital signal output from the processing module.

In addition, the processing module includes: an image processor for reproducing the digital signal output from the ADC as an image image; an image divider for dividing the frame of the image processed by the image processor into a two-dimensional array of pixels in a state where the resolution is fixed; a temperature detector for detecting a temperature value for each pixel divided by the image divider; and a temperature compensator for compensating for the temperature value calculated by the temperature detector.

In addition, the temperature compensator compensates the temperature value detected by the temperature detector based on the ambient temperature, the emissivity, the measurement distance, and the reflected temperature.

In addition, the compensation for the ambient temperature may be configured to compensate for the detected temperature value using a linear interpolation method for the detected temperature value and the temperature value recorded in the temperature compensation table stored in advance.

At this time, the condensing lens is characterized in that the Fresnel lens (fresnel lens).

The apparatus for diagnosing deterioration may include: an infrared image generating unit for generating an infrared image detected and transmitted by the infrared array image sensor unit and displaying it on a display; a deterioration diagnosis unit for diagnosing the deterioration of the switchboard based on the temperature value detected by the infrared array image sensor unit, the gas sensor unit, the AA sensor unit, and the arc sensor unit, the concentration value of carbon monoxide/carbon dioxide, the ultrasonic sound signal, and the arc signal; and an alarm generating unit for generating an alarm signal based on a diagnosis result in the deterioration diagnosis unit.

In addition, the deterioration diagnosis apparatus may be configured to analyze the signal of the deterioration detection apparatus to give attention, alarm, and block, and to control the fire extinguishing apparatus in case of a fire.

According to the present invention, since the infrared array image sensor can detect a temperature in a wide range, there is an advantage that a system can be built by minimizing the configuration of the infrared array image sensor, and economic feasibility can be secured.

In addition, there is an advantage in that the deterioration of the switchboard can be diagnosed early by detecting signals of temperature, gas, ultrasonic sound and arc and comprehensively diagnosing the cause of the deterioration based on the detected signals.

In addition, in the event of a fire, there is an advantage in that the spread of an accident can be prevented by quickly extinguishing the fire through the fire extinguishing device.

1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a switchboard equipped with a deterioration diagnosis and prevention function according to the present invention;
2 is a block diagram of a switchboard equipped with a deterioration diagnosis and prevention function according to the present invention;
3 is a configuration diagram of an infrared array image sensor unit applied to a switchboard equipped with a deterioration diagnosis and prevention function according to the present invention;
3A is a view showing an area of temperature detection through an IR detector of an infrared array image sensor unit applied to a switchboard equipped with a deterioration diagnosis and prevention function according to the present invention;
4 is a block diagram of a processing module of an infrared array image sensor applied to a switchboard equipped with a deterioration diagnosis and prevention function according to the present invention;
5 is a graph of the temperature compensated by a temperature compensator applied to a switchboard equipped with a deterioration diagnosis and prevention function according to the present invention;
6 is a configuration diagram of a gas sensor unit applied to a switchboard equipped with a deterioration diagnosis and prevention function according to the present invention;
7 is a configuration (a) and a circuit diagram (b) of a gas sensor unit of another embodiment applied to a switchboard equipped with a deterioration diagnosis and prevention function according to the present invention;
8 is a configuration diagram of an AA sensor unit applied to a switchboard equipped with a deterioration diagnosis and prevention function according to the present invention;
9 is a circuit diagram of a reverse coupling circuit of an AA sensor unit applied to a switchboard equipped with a deterioration diagnosis and prevention function according to the present invention;
10 is a circuit diagram of an amplifier of an AA sensor unit applied to a switchboard equipped with a deterioration diagnosis and prevention function according to the present invention;
11 is a circuit diagram of a bandpass filter of an AA sensor unit applied to a switchboard equipped with a deterioration diagnosis and prevention function according to the present invention;
12 is a block diagram of an arc sensor unit applied to a switchboard equipped with a deterioration diagnosis and prevention function according to the present invention;
13 is a perspective view of a fire extinguishing device applied to a switchboard equipped with a deterioration diagnosis and prevention function according to the present invention;
14 is a cross-sectional view of the fire extinguishing device of FIG. 13 .

Next, a preferred embodiment of a switchboard (high-pressure board, low-pressure board, motor control board, and distribution board) equipped with a function of diagnosing and preventing deterioration according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

Hereinafter, the same reference numerals are used for technical elements having the same function, and repeated detailed descriptions are omitted to avoid overlapping descriptions.

In addition, the examples described below are illustratively shown in order to effectively show the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and should not be construed to limit the scope of the present invention.

The present invention relates to a switchboard (high-pressure board, low-pressure board, motor control board, and distribution board) equipped with a deterioration diagnosis and prevention function, and more particularly, an infrared array image sensor for detecting abnormal temperature, carbon monoxide (CO) / carbon dioxide (CO) ₂ ) A switchboard (high-pressure panel, low-pressure panel, motor control panel, distribution panel).

1 shows a schematic configuration of a switchboard equipped with a function for diagnosing and preventing deterioration according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 shows the configuration of a switchboard with a function for diagnosing and preventing deterioration according to the present invention.

1 and 2 , the switchboard equipped with the deterioration diagnosis and prevention function according to the present invention is configured to include a deterioration detection device 10 , a deterioration diagnosis device 20 , and a fire extinguishing device 30 .

The deterioration detection device 10 is installed in the switchboard 1 to detect a cause of deterioration, and includes an infrared array image sensor unit 100, a gas sensor unit 200, an AA sensor unit 300 and It is configured to include an arc sensor unit (400).

At this time, a plurality of the infrared array image sensor unit 100 , the gas sensor unit 200 , the AA sensor unit 300 , and the arc sensor unit 400 may be installed according to the size and number of the switchboard.

The deterioration diagnosis apparatus 20 diagnoses deterioration of the switchboard based on the detection value detected by the deterioration detection apparatus 10 .

In addition, the results diagnosed by the deterioration diagnosis device 20 may be configured to be transmitted to an MMI (Man-Machine Interface), and the MMI is a mobile terminal, a PC, which outputs the monitoring results through a mobile app; It may include a server for management and a warning device.

The infrared array image sensor unit 100 performs a function of detecting a temperature, and detects a temperature of a target point through an infrared image.

The infrared array image sensor unit 100 measures infrared energy emitted by a subject to output a temperature image of a two-dimensional surface, and detects infrared rays from a thermal image obtained from an infrared array image sensor (IR detector) It converts the signal into a signal, converts the electrical signal into a digital signal, and outputs the detected temperature for each pixel.

The infrared array image sensor unit 100 collects radiant energy radiated from an object without supply of light from the outside, visualizes it through appropriate conversion, and detects a temperature through pixels of the visualized image.

Here, in a distribution board or a motor control center (MCC), etc., a tip-type temperature sensor, a ground-type temperature sensor, a resistance temperature sensor, an NTC-type temperature sensor, etc. may be applied instead of the infrared array image sensor unit 100 . .

3 shows the configuration of an infrared array image sensor unit applied to a switchboard equipped with a deterioration diagnosis and prevention function according to the present invention.

3, the infrared array image sensor unit 100 includes a condensing lens 110, a filter 120, an IR detector 130, an amplifier 140, an ADC (150, Analog-Digital Converter), It is configured to include a processing module 160 and an output module 170 .

The condensing lens 110 condenses the light emitted from the target area, and in general, a convex lens may be applied.

However, in the present invention, in order to reduce the number of installations while setting a relatively wide area as the monitoring area, a Fresnel lens or a lens having a function of monitoring a wide area may be applied.

The Fresnel lens replaces the curved surface of an optical lens with a series of concentric grooves, and the appearance acts like an individual refracting surface, bending parallel rays to a normal focal length. Accordingly, since the Fresnel lens can condense light similarly to a conventional optical lens (convex lens) even though it is physically thin, there is an advantage in that the infrared array image sensor unit 100 can be miniaturized.

The IR filter 120 transmits light in an infrared region among the light collected by the condensing lens 110 , and passes only infrared rays capable of acquiring an infrared image (image).

The IR detector 130 outputs the infrared ray filtered by the IR filter 120 as an electrical signal.

In this case, the IR detector 130 may be a micro-bolometer (μ-Bolometer), a sensor that detects a wavelength band of 8 to 14㎛. Also, the IR detector 130 may be configured to output a temperature of a region incident through the condensing lens 110 in 32×24 pixels or 32×64 pixels.

The amplifier 140 amplifies the electrical signal output from the IR detector 130 .

Since the electrical signal output from the IR detector 130 is very weak on the order of several mV to several mV, it must be amplified to a voltage required for image reproduction.

An analog-digital converter (ADC) 150 converts an analog signal of the electrical signal amplified by the amplifier 140 into a digital signal.

The processing module 160 performs a function of linearizing, correcting, and outputting the digital signal output from the ADC 150 .

3A is a view showing a temperature detection area through an IR detector of an infrared array image sensor unit applied to a switchboard equipped with a deterioration diagnosis and prevention function according to the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 3A attached as an embodiment, the IR detector 130 of the infrared array image sensor unit 100 applied to the present invention is composed of an array of 768 pixels consisting of horizontal (32 pixels) × vertical (24 pixels). The area detected by the IR detector 130 is composed of rows 1 to 24 and columns 1 to 32, and is configured to be specific for each pixel.

Here, the configuration of 32×24 pixels shown in FIG. 3A is according to an embodiment, and can be implemented by changing to 32×32, 32×48, 64×48, etc., and the IR detector 130 is It is not limited by the pixel shown in , and may vary depending on the distance from the target object and the use environment.

Accordingly, the IR detector 130 has an advantage in that it can detect a temperature in a relatively wider area compared to a conventional IR detector (infrared array image sensor).

4 shows the configuration of the processing module of the infrared array image sensor applied to the switchboard equipped with the deterioration diagnosis and prevention function according to the present invention.

4 , the processing module 160 includes an image processor 161 , an image divider 162 , a temperature detector 163 , a temperature compensator 164 , and a synchronization signal generator 165 . .

The image processor 161 performs a function of reproducing the digital signal output from the ADC 150 as an image image.

In order to reproduce the detected degradation image on the screen and detect it in real time, the image (video) must be reproduced about 25 to 30 times per second. This cursor output will have a lot of noise corresponding to it. Accordingly, the performance of the infrared array image sensor unit using the thermal image detector using the single element IR detector 130 is limited, and is gradually composed of a plurality of detectors.

A method of acquiring a degradation image from the IR detector 130 is divided into a line scanning method and a focal plane arrangement method.

The line scanning method extracts the image signal by arranging the IR detector in the form of one line or several lines. It is possible to adjust the resolution by increasing or decreasing the number of lines in the frame of the degraded image according to the purpose, but a precise optical mechanism and Signal processing is required.

In the focal plane arrangement method, the resolution of the frame is fixed, and a position determined by a two-dimensional arrangement of each pixel is designated.

Accordingly, the image processor 161 is configured to reproduce the digital signal output from the ADC 150 as an image image in a focal plane arrangement method.

The image divider 162 performs a function of dividing the frame of the image processed by the image processor 161 into a two-dimensional array of pixels while the resolution is fixed.

The temperature detector 163 detects a temperature value for each pixel divided by the image divider 162 .

That is, the temperature detector 163 calculates a temperature value of a digital pixel for each pixel divided by the image divider 162 using the absolute temperature of reference pixels at a predetermined position.

In this case, the reference pixel is a pixel of a plurality of predetermined positions in the infrared image.

On the other hand, the infrared image detected through the IR detector 130 is affected by factors such as ambient temperature, emissivity, measurement distance, and reflected temperature.

Among the above elements, the emissivity has a value ranging from 0 to 1, and in the case of an ideal object, the emissivity is 1. An object with an emissivity of 1 is called a blackbody. Most of the emissivity of ceramic-based materials is 0.9 or more, and metal-based materials have a value of 0.5 or less.

The measurement distance is the distance between the object to be detected (eg, a bus line for distributing power, a coupling part of a bus line and a circuit breaker, etc.) and the IR detector 130 , which may be calculated by measurement.

The reflected temperature is the temperature at which the wavelength radiated from another object is reflected by the target selected as the measurement target. ) measures the reflected temperature to detect a measured value much higher than the actual temperature.

As a factor that interferes with temperature detection through the detected infrared image, the ambient temperature is caused by the change of the IR detector 130 by the temperature inside the switchboard. That is, according to the change of the ambient temperature, the IR detector 130 generates a non-negligible error according to the change of the ambient temperature at a temperature of 70° C. or less.

The temperature compensator 164 compensates the temperature value calculated by the temperature detector 163 .

That is, the temperature compensator 140 compensates the temperature value detected by the temperature detector based on the ambient temperature, the emissivity, the measurement distance, and the reflected temperature.

Among the above factors, the reflected temperature is highly related to the emissivity.

In other words, if the emissivity of the object to be measured is high, optimal results can be obtained by adjusting the emissivity and reflection temperature in the IR detector settings. For example, to measure the body temperature of a person, if the emissivity is set to 0.98 (emissivity of human skin) and the reflected temperature is set to the environmental temperature (about 20 °C in the room), the IR detector will calibrate the measured value according to the set condition. It is designed to be able to do that.

In addition, the measurement distance may correct the pixel of the infrared image detected by the IR detector 130 according to the emissivity of the target object for which deterioration is to be detected and the actually measured distance to the IR detector.

Finally, since the compensation for the ambient temperature varies from moment to moment depending on the internal and external conditions of the switchboard, the correct temperature of the object can be detected only when it is compensated.

Accordingly, the compensation for the ambient temperature in the temperature compensator 164 is configured to compensate for the detected temperature value using a linear interpolation method with respect to the temperature value recorded in the temperature compensation table stored in advance and the detected temperature value.

The above configuration will be described in more detail.

In order to compensate the output value of the infrared image detected by the IR detector 130 according to the change of the ambient temperature for precise detection of the temperature value, the temperature change characteristic of the IR detector 130 is measured and corrected to a numerically accurate temperature value. It is composed to create a table that can do it, and to perform compensation based on the created table.

A process for creating the temperature compensation table will be described.

1. Reference temperature setting

The reference temperature setting is a process of setting a reference temperature for the target object, and a black body may be used as the reference temperature object. In this process, in order to change the ambient temperature, the blackbody and IR detector are placed inside the sealed chamber, the reference temperature is set to 20°C, and a separate temperature detection device that detects the internal temperature while varying the temperature of the chamber is provided. can be configured.

2. Temperature detection through IR detector

Temperature detection through an IR detector is the process of detecting the temperature of a black body with an IR detector.

3. Creating a temperature table applying linear interpolation

This is a process of creating a temperature table by applying a linear interpolation method to the temperature detected in the temperature detection process through the IR detector.

In the process of creating the temperature table, the temperature compensation by the linear interpolation method is calculated by Equation-1 below.

(Equation-1)

Here, T _c is the temperature value after temperature compensation, T _a is the temperature value detected by the temperature detector, T _ref is the temperature value inside the chamber, T _b is the temperature value of the test object (black body), and α is the temperature compensation coefficient.

4. Increase chamber temperature

Increasing the chamber temperature is a step in which the temperature of the chamber is increased by a predetermined value.

After increasing the temperature of the chamber, with a delay time of about 5 minutes, the temperature detection process through the IR detector and the temperature table creation process applying the linear interpolation method are repeated until the temperature of the blackbody reaches 150°C. Create a table.

5 is a graph showing a temperature compensated by a temperature compensator applied to a switchboard equipped with a deterioration diagnosis and prevention function according to the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 5 , it can be seen that the temperature value before compensation shows a difference at 60° C. or less and 110° C. or more compared to the reference value, but the temperature value after compensation is detected close to the reference value.

The synchronization signal generator 165 generates a synchronization signal for the image reproduced by the image processor 161 and the image divided into pixels by the image divider 162 .

That is, the synchronization signal generator 165 synchronizes the image reproduced by the image processor 161 with the image divided into predetermined pixels by the image divider 162 to prevent image distortion, and after the infrared image is transmitted The infrared image is displayed based on a synchronization signal generated in the process of being displayed on the display.

The output module 170 transmits the digital signal output from the processing module 160 .

Here, the output module 170 converts the digital signal compensated for the maximum temperature value, the minimum temperature value, and the temperature value with respect to the temperature value compensated by the processing module 160 into an analog signal and an infrared image and a generated synchronization signal. is configured to output temperature detection information including

An area in which a 32×24 pixel image can be detected using the IR detector 130 having a beam angle of 55° in width and 35° in height of the infrared array image sensor unit 100 configured as described above will be described.

When the distance between the IR detector 130 and the detection target is set to 1 m, and the width and height of a half angle with respect to the directivity angle are calculated, the following Equation-2 is obtained.

(Equation-2)

Here, hw is the half-width distance, and hh is the half-height distance.

According to Equation-2, the detection range for the IR detector 130 having a directional angle of 55° in width and 35° in height of the infrared array image sensor unit 100 is approximately 1.04 m in width and 0.63 m in height. Infrared image of the target can be obtained.

At this time, when the IR detector 130 outputs a pixel image of 32×24, the width for one pixel is 3.25 cm and the height is calculated as 2.625 cm.

Accordingly, the ratio of the height to the width of the IR detector 130 is calculated as 26/21.

The gas sensor unit 200 performs a function of detecting concentrations of carbon monoxide (CO) and carbon dioxide (CO2).

If a fire occurs in electric wires (cables), epoxy molds and switchgear due to deterioration inside the switchboard, carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO ₂ ), formaldehyde (HCHO), hydrogen chloride (HCl), nitrogen oxides (NOx) and cyanide Noxious gases such as hydrogen (HCN) are generated.

Among the harmful gases, since the emission of carbon monoxide (CO) and carbon dioxide (CO ₂ ) accounts for more than 55% of the total exhaust gas, when deterioration occurs, the concentration of other harmful gases of carbon monoxide (CO) and carbon dioxide (CO ₂ ) is relative Since it rapidly rises, it is advantageous to detect the deterioration rapidly to detect the concentrations of carbon monoxide (CO) and carbon dioxide (CO ₂ ).

As an analysis method for detecting the concentrations of carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide, there are an optical analysis method, an electrical analysis method, a wet analysis method, a separation analysis method, and the like. At this time, as the optical analysis method, an infrared absorption method or an ultraviolet absorption method is used. In the case of the ultraviolet absorption method, the interference of other components is severe compared to the sensitivity, so the non-dispersive infrared method is mainly used for gas measurement of carbon monoxide or carbon dioxide. .

The non-dispersive infrared method uses the characteristic that carbon monoxide (CO) and carbon dioxide (CO ₂ ) molecules absorb light in a specific infrared wavelength region, and a method of measuring the change in the amount of infrared absorption that varies depending on the concentration of carbon dioxide (CO ₂ ) with a detector to be.

For example, the infrared absorption wavelength of carbon monoxide (CO) is 4.6 μm, and the infrared absorption wavelength of carbon dioxide (CO ₂ ) is 4.3 μm, which is very close.

However, when the concentration of carbon monoxide or carbon dioxide is increased above a certain level, there is a problem in that the concentration cannot be accurately measured due to the interference effect. That is, when the concentration of carbon dioxide is above a certain level or the concentration of carbon monoxide is above a certain level, the concentration of any one gas is detected to be relatively lower than the actual concentration according to the interference effect.

6 is a view showing the configuration of a gas sensor unit according to an embodiment applied to a switchboard equipped with a deterioration diagnosis and prevention function according to the present invention.

Referring to the accompanying FIG. 6 , the gas sensor unit 200 includes a chamber 210 having a reflective mirror, an infrared output module 220 , and an infrared detection module 230 .

The chamber 210 is formed long in the longitudinal direction, and a plurality of mirrors 211 , 212 , 213 and reflectors 214 , 215 are installed therein, an inlet 216 through which air is introduced, and an outlet through which air is discharged. 217 and a fan 218 installed at the outlet 217 to artificially circulate air is installed.

The infrared output module 220 alternately injects infrared rays for detecting carbon monoxide and infrared rays for detecting carbon dioxide into the chamber 210 .

The infrared detection module 230 detects infrared rays emitted from the chamber 210 to detect concentrations of carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide.

When describing the configuration in detail, the first mirror 211 , the second mirror 212 , the third mirror 213 , the first reflecting mirror 214 and the second reflecting mirror 215 are inside the chamber 210 . is comprised of At this time, the first mirror 211, the second mirror 212, and the third mirror 213 are made of a concave mirror, and the first mirror 211 and the third mirror 213 are arranged side by side, The second mirror 212 is disposed to face the first mirror 211 and the second mirror 212 .

In addition, the first reflector 214 reflects the infrared rays output from the infrared output module 220 to the first mirror 211 , and the second reflector 215 reflects the infrared rays reflected from the third mirror 213 . It is reflected by the infrared detection module 230 .

That is, the infrared output from the infrared output module 220 is in the order of the first reflector 214 , the first mirror 211 , the second mirror 212 , the third mirror 213 , and the second reflector 215 . is reflected and proceeds to the infrared detection module 230 .

In the process, the air inside the switchboard is introduced into the chamber 210 through the inlet 216 by the driving of the fan 218 and is discharged to the outlet 217. As the air of the switchboard passes through the inside of the chamber, the infrared rays It is exposed to infrared rays output from the output module 220 .

The infrared output module 220 includes a first filter 221 that passes infrared rays of a wavelength of 4.6 μm for detecting carbon monoxide (CO), and a second filter 221 that passes infrared rays of a wavelength of 4.3 μm for detecting carbon dioxide (CO ₂ ). It is configured to include a filter 222, an infrared radiation unit 223 for outputting infrared rays, and an alternating unit 224 for alternating the first filter 221 and the second filter 222.

In addition, the infrared detection module 230 is configured to include a bandpass filter 231 and an infrared detector 232 that pass infrared rays.

The band-pass filter 231 filters and passes only the wavelength of the infrared region among the wavelengths reflected by the second reflector 215 and emitted from the chamber 210 .

The infrared detector 232 is operated in synchronization with the alternating unit 224 of the infrared output module 220 to detect the amount of infrared rays passing through the band pass filter 231, and carbon monoxide according to the detected amount of infrared rays and the concentration of carbon dioxide.

Infrared rays having a wavelength of 4.6 μm and a wavelength of 4.3 μm are absorbed by carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide, respectively. As the concentration of carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide detected by the infrared detector 232 increases, the infrared rays detected through the infrared detector 232 are higher. will decrease the amount of

That is, the amount of infrared light detected through the infrared detector 232 and the carbon monoxide or carbon dioxide concentration are inversely proportional to each other.

In this case, the concentration of carbon dioxide detected by the concentration of carbon monoxide in the chamber 210 may be interfered with, and conversely, the concentration of carbon dioxide may interfere with the concentration of carbon monoxide. Therefore, when the concentration of one selected from the concentration of carbon monoxide and the concentration of carbon dioxide detected by the infrared detector 232 exceeds a set value, it may be configured to be determined as a fire.

According to the gas sensor unit 200 according to the above configuration, the concentration of carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide can be detected using one light source, and the infrared light source is reflected by the first mirror, the second mirror, and the third mirror while the chamber is progressing. There is an advantage of improving the reliability of the detected concentration value because the distance from the inside to carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide is relatively increased.

7 is a view showing a configuration (a) and a circuit diagram (b) of a gas sensor unit of another embodiment applied to a switchboard equipped with a deterioration diagnosis and prevention function according to the present invention.

Referring to the accompanying FIG. 7 (a), the gas sensor unit 201 is composed of a semiconductor-type gas sensor, and a heating coil 260 disposed inside the resin molding 250, the resin molding ( It is configured to include a cap 280 having a sensor 270 connected to the upper portion of the 250 , by a metal wire 271 and a mesh network 281 disposed on the resin molding 250 .

Referring to the accompanying FIG. 7 ( b ), it is configured to include a heating coil 260 for heating the sensor 270 and a detection resistor R _L connected in series to the sensor 270 .

In this case, the detection resistance (R _L ) is the sum of the variable resistance (V _R ) and the internal resistance (r _L ), and the variable resistance is a resistance for compensating according to temperature and humidity.

Looking at the operation of the gas sensor unit 201 according to the above configuration, power is supplied to the heating coil 260 according to the application of power to heat the sensor 270 . Here, since the resistance RS of the sensor ₂₇₀ is made of a semiconductor, the resistance value is lowered according to the heating of the heating coil 260 .

Air passing through the mesh network 281 in a state in which power is applied is adsorbed to the sensor 270, and the resistance value RS of the sensor 270 is _changed according to the concentrations of carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide. That is, as the concentrations of carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide are higher, the resistance value of the sensor 270 is lowered, and the voltage value Vout applied to the detection resistor R _L is conversely increased.

Accordingly, the concentration of carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide may be detected by detecting the voltage value Vout applied to the detection resistor R _L .

The AA sensor unit 300 detects ultrasonic waves in a 40 kHz band due to corona discharge.

That is, the AA (ultrasonic acoustic emission, airborne-acoustic) sensor detects ultrasonic waves in the 30 to 50 kHz band among the sound pressure generated by the corona discharge, and can confirm whether corona discharge is occurring in the switchboard, and 30 to 50 kHz When the sound pressure is above a certain level, it is determined that corona discharge has occurred.

8 is a view showing the configuration of an AA sensor unit applied to a switchboard equipped with a deterioration diagnosis and prevention function according to the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 8 , the AA sensor unit 300 includes a microphone 310 , an inverse coupling circuit module 320 , an amplifier 330 , and a bandpass filter 340 .

The microphone 310 is configured to receive a sound wave, which is a wave in the air, and output it as an electrical signal. do.

The decoupling circuit 320 is for detecting an ultrasonic sound signal from among the electrical signals output from the microphone 310 .

Since the microphone 310 is operated by application of power, the ultrasonic sound signal includes a signal by power.

9 is a circuit diagram showing the reverse coupling circuit of the AA sensor unit applied to the switchboard equipped with the deterioration diagnosis and prevention function according to the present invention.

According to the reverse coupling circuit 320, the current is limited by the current limiting resistor (R1), a constant current is supplied to the circuit, and the high frequency noise included in the power supply is an LC resonance circuit inductor (L1), capacitors (C1, C2) The electrical signal output from the microphone 310 is output by the output capacitor C3.

The amplifier 330 amplifies the electrical signal output from the decoupling circuit 320 .

10 is a circuit diagram of an amplifier of an AA sensor unit applied to a switchboard equipped with a deterioration diagnosis and prevention function according to the present invention.

Referring to the accompanying FIG. 10, it is composed of a two-stage amplifier in order to improve the sensitivity to the measured minute electric signal.

That is, in order to minimize noise caused by amplification, it is configured to amplify 1 to 2 times at the front end and 2 to 3 times at the rear end.

Here, the power applied in order to minimize signal distortion of the amplifier 330 is configured as a positive power source, and is configured such that a positive region and a negative region for an electric signal are balanced.

The band pass filter 340 passes the ultrasonic wave in the 35 to 50 kHz band among the electrical signals amplified by the amplifier 330 .

11 is a circuit diagram of a bandpass filter of an AA sensor unit applied to a switchboard equipped with a deterioration diagnosis and prevention function according to the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 11 attached, the bandpass filter is configured as a bandpass filter to increase the selectivity of the collected electrical signals in the 40kHz band.

In a high frequency band, it can be configured as a bandpass filter, but in the LF (Low Frequency) band of several kHz bands, the values of the elements R, L, and C become too large, which causes difficulties in implementation. Therefore, the band-pass filter 340 applied to the present invention is composed of a combination of a high-pass filter (a) that is a high-pass filter and a low-pass filter (b) that is a low-pass filter.

The high-pass filter (FIG. 11(a)) adopts a Sallen-key structure, and a cut-off frequency of 35 kHz is designed by applying the Chebychev method in consideration of the cut-off characteristics rather than the linear characteristics of the pass band.

The low-pass filter (FIG. 11 (b)) is designed to have a cut-off frequency of 50 kHz by applying LTC1569 of Analog Device.

Accordingly, the band pass filter 340 has a pass frequency band of 35 kHz to 45 kHz.

As a method of analyzing the electrical signal detected by the AA sensor unit 300, various methods such as Fast Fourier Transform, Short-Tim Fourier Transform, and Wavelet Transform can be applied. In the present invention, one method selected from the above methods may be applied.

According to the AA sensor unit 300, there is an advantage in that it is possible to detect ultrasonic waves due to corona discharge generated inside the switchboard without being affected by power applied to drive the microphone and external noise.

The arc sensor unit 400 detects a flame caused by an arc.

The arc sensor unit 400 may be formed of a non-contact type ultraviolet sensor (UVtron sensor, 410) using the principle of the photoelectric effect of metal and gas. When the non-contact UV sensor 410 is configured, the arc sensor unit 400 has an anode electrode 402 oppositely disposed in a glass bulb 401 as shown in FIG. 12 . and a cathode electrode 403 .

The anode electrode 402 is composed of a coil-shaped metal wire. The cathode electrode 403 is disposed to be spaced apart from the anode electrode 402 at a predetermined interval, and is formed of a metal plate.

In addition, an anode lead 404 and a cathode lead 405 to which the anode electrode 402 and the cathode electrode 403 are respectively connected are formed outside the glass bulb 401 .

A DC power is applied at a constant voltage to the two leads 404 and 405 .

In the above configuration, an anode potential is applied to the anode electrode 402, and when an arc (flame) is generated while the anode is connected to the anode electrode 402, the glass tube 401 is passed through Ultraviolet rays are transmitted to the cathode electrode 403 and electrons are excited at the cathode electrode 403 by photon energy. The excited electrons are attracted to the anode electrode 402 by the anode potential, and a current flows between the anode electrodes.

That is, current is generated in the cathode lead 404 and the anode lead 405 by an arc or spark, and an arc signal is detected by the generated current.

The arc sensor 410 having the above structure can quickly detect the ultraviolet component of the remote arc, and can detect a micro discharge such as a high-pressure corona discharge. In addition, the arc sensor 410 has a UV sensitivity of 185 nm to 260 nm and can be manufactured in a compact size. In addition, even though it is manufactured in a very small size, there is an advantage that the detection range of ultraviolet radiation can quickly detect ultraviolet rays (arc) within 5m at an angle of 120°.

The arc sensor 410 does not require a filter unlike the conventional semiconductor-type UV sensor and has high detection accuracy.

The arc sensor unit 400 including the arc sensor 410 detects ultraviolet rays generated by electric discharge in the switchboard, and outputs the intensity of the generated ultraviolet rays as an arc signal.

The deterioration diagnosis apparatus 20 diagnoses deterioration based on the signal detected from the deterioration detection apparatus 10 .

That is, the deterioration diagnosis apparatus 20 receives the deterioration detection information detected by the deterioration detection apparatus 10, calculates a deterioration state change rate value and a deterioration state change accumulation value based on the received deterioration detection information, and Diagnose the deterioration of the switchboard according to the state change rate.

2 , the deterioration diagnosis apparatus 20 includes an infrared image generating unit 500 , a deterioration diagnosis unit 600 , and an alarm generating unit 700 .

The infrared image generating unit 500 generates an infrared image detected and transmitted by the infrared array image sensor unit 100 and displays it on the display 510 .

That is, the infrared image generating unit 500 generates an infrared image according to the temperature value compensated for each pixel in the temperature compensator 164 based on the synchronization signal generated by the synchronization signal generator 165, and the generated infrared image is output through the display 510 .

The deterioration diagnosis unit 600 includes the temperature value detected by the infrared array image sensor unit 100 , the gas sensor unit 200 , the AA sensor unit 300 , and the arc sensor unit 400 , the concentration value of carbon monoxide / carbon dioxide, and the sound. Diagnose the deterioration of the switchboard based on the signal and the arc signal.

For example, deterioration diagnosis can be performed by dividing the first set value for temperature value, concentration value, acoustic signal, and arc signal into caution and warning when exceeding the second set value. It can be configured to

The alarm generating unit 700 generates an alarm signal based on the diagnosis result from the deterioration diagnosis unit 600 .

In this case, when the alarm signal is subdivided into caution and warning, it may be configured to differentially generate signals generated according to the caution and warning.

The fire extinguishing device 30 is for suppressing a fire caused by deterioration by injecting a fire extinguishing agent when the deterioration is diagnosed as a result of the diagnosis of the deterioration diagnosis apparatus 20 .

13 is a perspective view of a fire extinguishing apparatus applied to a switchboard equipped with a deterioration diagnosis and prevention function according to the present invention, and FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view of the fire extinguishing apparatus of FIG. 13 .

13 and 14, the fire extinguishing device 30 includes an outer housing 31, an inner housing 32, a nichrome wire 33, a cap 34, a connection wire 35, a fire extinguishing agent ( 36) and an initiator (37).

The outer housing 31 has a predetermined shape capable of forming an accommodating space therein, and has an open upper portion, and a perforated line 31a that can be easily cut by expansion is formed on the outer surface.

The inner housing 32 is disposed inside the outer housing 31, and a predetermined space is formed therein. At this time, a predetermined space is formed between the outer surface of the inner housing 32 and the inner surface of the outer housing 31 .

The nichrome wire 33 is disposed inside the inner housing 32 .

The cap 34 is coupled to the open inlet side of the outer housing 31 in a state in which the inner housing 32 is coupled to seal the outer housing 31 .

The connection line 35 is installed on the cap 34 and connected to the nichrome wire 33 , and transmits power applied from the outside to the nichrome wire 33 .

The extinguishing agent 36 is filled in a predetermined space between the outer surface of the inner housing 32 and the inner surface of the outer housing 31 .

The fire extinguishing agent 36 is composed of a fluorinated ketone liquid that expands by heat, an extinguishing agent that blocks oxygen supply, and a coolant that cools the heat of combustion.

The extinguishing agent is potassium nitrate (KNO ₃ ), potassium chlorate (KClO ₄ ), acetic acid oleic acid, carbon, acetate or glycerin, oleic acid, stearic acid diamine dioleana lecithin, epoxide, at least one selected from unsaturated polyester resin Made to include, the coolant is magnesium hydroxide (Mg(OH) ₂ ), sodium carbonate (Na ₂ CO ₃ ), boric acid (H ₃ BO ₃ ), potassium chlorate (KClO ₄ ), potassium nitrate (KN0 ₃ ), carbonate Calcium (CaCO ₃ , CaCO ₄ ) It may include at least one selected from among.

The initiator 37 is filled in the inner housing 32 and may be made of a solid material that can be initiated by reaction with heat, and the types include lead azide, silver acetylide, mercury cerebral acid, diazodinitrophenol, It may be made of one selected from nitrosoguanidine, lead stiffen, and pentaerythritol tetranitrate.

Looking at the operation of the fire extinguishing device 30 , a predetermined current is applied to the connection line 35 and applied to the connection line 35 by an alarm signal determined to be deteriorated as a result of diagnosis by the deterioration diagnosis unit 600 . The nichrome wire 33 is heated by the applied current.

The initiator 37 in contact with the nichrome wire 33 explodes according to the heat of the nichrome wire 33 , and expands by the explosion of the initiator 37 to generate heat.

The inner housing 32 explodes and ruptures by the expansion of the initiator 37 , and heat by the explosion of the initiator 37 is transferred to the extinguishing agent 36 .

As the fluorinated ketone solution contained in the fire extinguishing agent 36 expands by heat, the outer housing 31 is ruptured along the perforation line 31a, and is accommodated in the outer housing 31 by cutting the perforation line 31a. The fire extinguishing agent 36 is scattered to suppress the fire due to deterioration.

According to the present invention, since the infrared array image sensor can detect a temperature in a wide range, there is an advantage that a system can be built by minimizing the configuration of the infrared array image sensor, and economic feasibility can be secured.

In addition, there is an advantage in that the deterioration of the switchboard can be diagnosed early by detecting signals of temperature, gas, ultrasonic sound and arc and comprehensively diagnosing the cause of the deterioration based on the detected signals.

In addition, in the event of a fire, there is an advantage in that the spread of an accident can be prevented by quickly extinguishing the fire through the fire extinguishing device.

In the above, preferred embodiments of the switchboard (high-pressure board, low-pressure board, motor control board, and distribution board) equipped with the deterioration diagnosis and prevention function according to the present invention have been described, but the present invention is not limited thereto. It is possible to carry out various modifications within the scope of the description and the accompanying drawings, and this also falls within the scope of the present invention.

10: deterioration detection device 20: deterioration diagnosis device
30: fire extinguishing system
100: infrared array image sensor unit 110: condensing lens
120: IR filter 130: IR detector
140: amplifier 150: ADC
160: processing module 161: image processor
162: image splitter 163: temperature detector
164: temperature compensator 200: gas sensor unit
300: AA sensor unit 400: arc sensor unit
500: infrared image generating unit 600: deterioration diagnosis unit
700: alarm generating unit

Claims (7)

a deterioration detection device 10 installed in the switchboard;
a deterioration diagnosis device 20 for diagnosing deterioration based on a signal detected from the deterioration detection device 10; and
a fire extinguishing device 30 for suppressing a fire according to the diagnosis result of the deterioration diagnosis device 20;
including,
The deterioration detection device 10,
an infrared array image sensor unit 100 for detecting a temperature value;
a gas sensor unit 200 for detecting concentration values of carbon monoxide (CO) and carbon dioxide (CO2);
AA sensor unit 300 for detecting an ultrasonic acoustic signal by corona discharge; and
Arc sensor unit 400 for detecting an arc or flame signal;
including,
The infrared array image sensor unit 100,
Condensing lens 110 for condensing the light emitted from the target area;
an IR filter 120 for transmitting light in an infrared region among the light collected by the condensing lens 110;
an IR detector 130 for outputting the infrared ray filtered by the IR filter 120 as an electrical signal;
an amplifier 140 amplifying an electrical signal output from the IR detector 130;
ADC (150) for converting the analog signal of the electric signal amplified by the amplifier (140) into a digital signal;
a processing module 160 for linearizing, correcting and outputting the digital signal output from the ADC 150; and
an output module 170 for transmitting a digital signal output from the processing module 160;
It consists of
The processing module 160,
an image processor 161 for reproducing the digital signal output from the ADC 150 as an image image;
an image divider 162 for dividing the frame of the image processed by the image processor 161 into a two-dimensional array of pixels in a state where the resolution is fixed;
a temperature detector 163 for detecting a temperature value for each pixel divided by the image divider 162; and
a temperature compensator 164 for compensating the temperature value calculated by the temperature detector 163;
including,
The temperature compensator 164,
Compensating the temperature value detected by the temperature detector based on the ambient temperature, the emissivity, the measurement distance and the reflected temperature,
The AA sensor unit 300,
a microphone 310 for receiving sound waves, which are waves in the air, and outputting them as electrical signals;
The current is limited by the current limiting resistor so that a constant current is supplied to the circuit, the high-frequency noise included in the power is blocked by the inductor and capacitor that are the LC resonance circuit, and the electrical signal output from the microphone 310 is ultrasonicated by the output capacitor. a decoupling circuit 320 for detecting an acoustic signal;
an amplifier 330 amplifying the electrical signal output from the decoupling circuit 320 by 1 to 2 times at the front end and 2 to 3 times at the rear end; and
a band pass filter 340 for passing ultrasonic waves in a band of 35 to 50 kHz from among the electric signals amplified by the amplifier 330;
consists of,
The fire extinguishing device 30,
The outer housing 31 is made of a predetermined shape that can form a receiving space therein, the upper portion is configured in an open form, the outer surface is formed with a perforated line (31a) that can be easily cut by expansion;
an inner housing 32 disposed inside the outer housing 31 and having a predetermined space therein;
a nichrome wire 33 disposed inside the inner housing 32;
a cap (34) coupled to the open inlet side of the outer housing (31) in a state in which the inner housing (32) is coupled to seal the outer housing (31);
a connection line (35) installed on the cap (34) and connected to the nichrome wire (33) and transmitting power applied from the outside to the nichrome wire (33);
a fire extinguishing agent 36 filled in a predetermined space between the outer surface of the inner housing 32 and the inner surface of the outer housing 31; and
an initiator 37 charged in the inner housing 32 and detonated according to the heat generated by the nichrome wire 33;
A switchboard (high-pressure board, low-pressure board, motor control board, distribution board) equipped with a deterioration diagnosis and prevention function, characterized in that it comprises a.
delete delete delete The method according to claim 1,
Compensation for the ambient temperature is
Switchgear (high platen, low platen, motor control panel, distribution panel).
The method according to claim 1,
The condensing lens 110,
A switchboard (high voltage board, low voltage board, motor control board, distribution board) equipped with a deterioration diagnosis and prevention function, characterized in that it is a Fresnel lens.
The method according to claim 1,
The deterioration diagnosis device 20,
an infrared image generating unit 500 for generating an infrared image detected and transmitted by the infrared array image sensor unit 100 and displaying it on the display 510;
Based on the temperature value detected by the infrared array image sensor unit 100, the gas sensor unit 200, the AA sensor unit 300 and the arc sensor unit 400, the concentration value of carbon monoxide/carbon dioxide, the acoustic signal and the arc signal a deterioration diagnosis unit 600 for diagnosing deterioration of the switchboard; and
an alarm generating unit 700 for generating an alarm signal from the deterioration diagnosis unit 600 based on a diagnosis result;
A switchboard (high voltage board, low pressure board, motor control board, distribution board) equipped with a deterioration diagnosis and prevention function, characterized in that it comprises a.

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